第五章 討論和建議
第三節 研究限制及未來研究方向
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第三節 研究限制及未來研究方向
首先，本研究選擇 CEO 背景因素時，受到主觀意識影響及考量到資料取得 的可能性，因而忽略其他可能亦具重要性的衡量指標。因此，未來的研究可以嘗 詴納入其他 CEO 背景因素，如政治意識形態、過去職業生涯的經驗、社會經濟 背景等。
由於本研究認為 CEO 為高階管理團隊(Top Management Team, TMT)的主要 決策者，所以解釋變數的主體為 CEO。然而，Finkelstein & Hambrick (1990)之研 究指出，TMT 的任期對於組織策略及績效有相當大的影響，且 Hambrick (2007) 發表更新版本的高層理論中，認為著重於研究 TMT 之特性，將能夠更有效的解 釋組織結果。因此，未來研究或許可將解釋變數的主體擴及為 TMT，以更強化 管理者的背景會影響組織結果的發現。
此外，就 Finkelstein & Hambrick (1996)所提及之三種衡量任期的方式，即於 一家公司擔任某職位的時間、於一家公司工作的時間以及於某項產業工作的時間，
本研究選擇以 CEO 在一家公司擔任該職位的時間進行衡量。然而，根據 Weng &
Lin (2012)之研究指出，CEO 過去工作的公司或是產業對於 CEO 是否傾向於進行 策略變革有相當的影響。因此，未來研究或許可以同時採取三種衡量方式，以更 加了解任期對於組織結果的影響。
另外，本研究的樣本為台灣公司，無法確認研究結果是否能夠適用於國外的 公司。因此，未來研究或許可以嘗詴以其他國家的公司為研究對象，討論 CEO 背景對於各國公司從事慈善活動的影響是否有所差異。
再者，本研究選取樣本時，以變異程度高又能夠代表台灣大部分上市櫃公司 的四個產業（鋼鐵業、半導體業、資訊服務業及金融業）為研究對象。然而，本 研究無法證實研究結果能夠適用於各產業。因此，未來研究也許能夠將研究之產 業別加以擴大，以確認 CEO 背景對於公司參與慈善活動之影響具有普遍性。
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而公司從事慈善活動可能並非受到 CEO 背景的影響，而是整體的產業風氣，
因此，未來的相關研究也許可以加入產業帄均變數，衡量各個產業投入慈善活動 的風氣，是否會影響一家公司從事慈善活動的情形。
最後，本研究主要討論 CEO 背景與公司從事慈善活動與否之間的關係，所 以本研究對於各公司投入慈善活動的衡量為「無」或「有」，而未將投入的程度 高低納入考量。對此，未來研究也許可以進一步探討 CEO 背景與公司投入慈善 活動之程度是否有關係。
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