本篇研究中雖然採用了生理儀器進行檢測，企圖從生理反應中推敲情緒、趨 避系統與態度間的關係，但是在這部份卻沒有得到理想結果，未驗證這段關係式。
此外，將實驗二中所得到的 SAM 量表結果與膚電、肌電進行相關性檢驗，也全 數未顯著。這可能代表刺激物需要改進，受限於照片本質，肥胖所帶來的負面情 緒很難與傷痛流血的畫面相提並論，正面情緒照片亦如是。前測與操作檢定確保 了不同情緒刺激物間具有顯著差別，但是差別可能還不夠明顯，特別第二次實驗 中 SAM 9 點量表的數值，所有照片在三個面向上都未過半。雖然討論中將部分 受測者刪除能得到顯著結果，但原本預期在控制前測結果的 ANCOVA 計算下，
也應該能看見情緒的影響力。「刺激物的情緒不夠強烈」，可能是這次實驗中結果 未如所想的原因，這也是未來實驗中首要改進之處。
研究設計也是雙向立意，企圖讓受測者去喜歡健康食物、討厭垃圾食物。但 是回顧過往健康傳播研究多採單向立意，企圖讓受測者抗拒喝酒、抽煙、消費垃 圾食物，僅針對單一態度。同時納入兩個目標，可能讓研究模糊了焦點。因為研 究無法比較看到健康女人吃著蛋糕，跟看到過胖女人吃著蛋糕，兩種實驗情境的 態度反差。實驗一即反應雙重設計的問題，同時測量受測者的雙向態度且同時讓 受測者看正負情緒刺激物，導致研究變得模糊，也難以找出具體的影響原因。實 驗二將實驗單純化，但依然同時測量兩種態度，因此無法進行更確切的比較。因 此後續的實驗應減少情境變因，可考慮僅測量單一態度，而非同一實驗中混和測
111
量兩種態度。
問卷安排與設計有許多可調整、延伸的地方，受測者同時填寫高低熱量量表，
或許導致受測者根據先前回答來修正之後答案。像是填寫高熱量食物的態度問卷 時，會參照之前填寫低熱量問卷的答案。此外，討論之中提到填寫前後測問卷可 能是讓外顯態度未改變的原因，之後研究可以考量僅測量後測態度。但不可忽略 的是，實驗一二發現前測態度與後測結果高度相關，因此如何在分組時巧妙地讓 所有受測者維持均質，是一個待解決的設計難題。
最後，討論中將實驗二的部分受測者排除，並觀察到到個人特質與情緒間的 交互作用影響了內隱態度。雖然這不是處理資料的理想作法，不過這段驗證得到 了有趣的結果，在交互作用圖上（圖 9）可以發現對負面情緒對原本態度中立的 受測者影響力較大，但是對原本既存偏見的受測者，效果卻不盡相同。這是否代 表「態度極端」與「態度中立」所尋的改變機制並不相同？這個答案同樣等待更 精巧的實驗來驗證。
此外以這次的研究結果來看，恐懼訴求的圖片可能是有效果的。本次實驗結 果顯示，如果受測者本身對食物的內隱態度沒有偏好的話，那麼強烈的負面情緒 刺激，會讓態度趨向低熱量食物。這或許代表能應用在其他健康傳播領域，舉例 來說菸盒上的可怕圖片，如果本身對菸品沒有特別偏好，那麼負面圖片可能可以 讓態度游離的人轉向。但實際上這項結果還待未來研究驗證，並進行更深入的討 論。
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