本研究透過六週蟲草攝食和阻力訓練，探討大鼠體重變化、負重表現和骨骼肌肌力 發展因子基因的變化。研究結果發現，雖然蟲草攝食或阻力訓練對大鼠體重和負重表現 未有顯著影響，但皆能顯著上調腓腸肌IGF-1Ea (後測) 和MGF (中測和後測) 的基因表 現，同時也下調MSTN (中測和後測) 的基因表現，且蟲草攝食和阻力訓練同時介入對腓 腸肌MSTN基因的下調具有協同效應 (synergistic effect)。而雖然對比目魚肌IGF-1Ea和 MGF的調控影響不大，但蟲草攝食顯著下調比目魚肌MSTN的基因表現。
蟲草自古以來為國人平日常服用的養生中補藥，近年來在體育運動界也常被廣泛討 論其對運動成績提升的功效。雖然在耐力比賽項目較多文獻支持蟲草的功能，但在強調
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肌力發展的運動項目則論述不一，特別是動物模式研究相對較少。本研究以動物模式，
探討蟲草攝食和阻力訓練的交叉影響，雖然在實際的運動表現未能得到直接的答案，但 從分子生物學的證據證實其對肌肉 (特別是快縮肌群) 具有上調肌力發展因子正向調節 基因(IGF-1Ea, MGF) 表現的證據。在阻力訓練介入時，對於下調肌力發展因子負向調 節基因 (MSTN) 表現更具加乘性，代表蟲草對肌肉肥大和肌力發展具有潛質，如能同 時輔以阻力訓練，其效果應有加乘性。
依據本研究結果與討論，對未來研究提出以下建議：
一、 蟲草中的蟲草素可以誘發睪固酮等雄性激素的分泌以提升肌力，睪固酮分泌與GH 的表達有關。而IGF-1則是受GH誘發，MSTN更直接受睪固酮調控，彼此間形成重 要的連帶關係。然本研究未能分析大鼠血液或肌肉中睪固酮含量，讓蟲草與基因表 現的重要機轉缺了一塊拼圖。未來研究如能補足此一空缺，將可提供蟲草在肌力表 現的具體正向證據。
二、 本研究大鼠負重訓練的重量在第6週時達體重的45% (8 repetations/set, 4 sets/day, 3 days/week)，實際訓練現場的觀察發現幾乎已是大鼠負重耐力的極限。然部分文獻 實驗設計大鼠負重可高達體重的200% (3 times/set, 2 sets/day, 3 days/week) (王靜、蘇 有存、盧健，2011)，是否代表本研究給予大鼠訓練過低而造成運動表現不顯著，
抑或在實驗設計應改變訓練組數或頻率或負重，留待未來的實驗進一步檢視。
三、 本研究發現蟲草攝食與阻力訓練對大鼠不同的肌群之基因表現產生不同的反應，代 表基因表現對肌群有其特殊性，然大鼠攀爬負重訓練過程很難針對目標肌群給予更 精確的訓練。未來研究如能採用單一肌群的訓練設計 (例如以神經肌肉電刺激 neuromuscular electrical stimulation方法專注於目標肌群的肌力訓練，排除機械式訓練 造成非目標肌群參與的干擾)，可能可以獲得更精準且更嚴謹的實驗證據。
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