長效連續測試 (Endurance test)

第四章、結果與討論

4.3 催化效率測試

4.3.4 長效連續測試 (Endurance test)

圖 4-21 為本研究之長效測試與文獻(Hu et al., 2009)比較之結果，

在溫度為 260℃、濃度為 1000ppm、GHSV=15000h^-1的相同條件下與文獻之結果進行測試比較，Hu et al.(2009)使用焚化法(Combustion method)進行材料製備，形成雙金屬 Cu 及 Ce 之氧化物，並進行 36

根據文獻(Spivey, 1987)指出，在較高溫度能迅速提供所需之能量給欲處理之污染物，使得附著在觸媒表面的 VOCs 進行催化反應，使得原本觸媒暫時失活(deactive)現象消失，因此催化效果可維持高且穩定；相反地，當使用較低的溫度時，占據於觸媒活性位置之 VOCs 反應速率較慢而使觸媒暫時失活現象明顯，造成觸媒衰退現象，因此 VOCs 轉化率經長效測試即逐漸下降。

Time-on-stream(h)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Conversion(%)

50 60 70 80 90 100

Cu/Ce/ZSM-5(imp.) 1000(ppm) 260(degree C) (Hu et al., 2009) 1000ppm 260 degree C Cu/Ce/ZSM-5(imp.) 500(ppm) 200(degree C)

圖 4-21、Cu/Ce/ZSM-5(imp.)觸媒長效性催化測試與 Hu et al.(2009)結果比較(Hu et al.(2009)所使用之觸媒為 Cu/Ce 之雙金屬氧化物)

(SV=15000h^-1)

79 2 theta(degrees)

20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

Intensity(a.u.)

after tested before test

CuO CuO

圖 4-22、XRD 圖譜(a) before test and (b) after test for 15h (SV = 15000h^-1、conc. = 500ppm、temp. = 200℃)

4.5 複合式吸脫附/觸媒催化系統

本系統為複合式吸脫附/觸媒催化的連續式反應，選擇雙金屬含浸法之 Cu/Ce/ZSM-5(imp.)作為吸附型觸媒進行連續吸脫附及催化反應，而反應首先在常溫約 25℃吸附到飽和後，再經由 180℃之脫附溫度進行脫附，接著再將脫附出來的丙酮氣體通入後端位於高溫爐內之觸媒催化系統，此高溫爐以 350℃進行持續不斷地加熱，形成連續吸脫附與觸媒催化連續反應，如此反覆測試 5 次，進流的丙酮濃度保持在 500ppm，空間速度為 31000h^-1。

圖 4-23 為在吸附實驗下反覆五次之吸附曲線，圖 4-24 則列出經由吸附曲線計算之飽和吸附量。由反覆吸附量曲線可以看出乾淨的材

Fresh Cycle1 Cycle2 Cycle3 Cycle4 Cycle5

Adsorption capacity(mg/g)

圖 4-27、Cu/Ce/ZSM-5(imp.)吸附型觸媒連續吸脫附之丙酮濃度關係

15000h^-1)下，本研究所使用之 Cu/Ce/ZSM-5(imp.)觸媒可以在 36 小時後，仍可維持 96%以上之丙酮轉化率，相較於文獻使用 Cu/Ce

脫附及 350℃之催化反應後，各次循環實驗結果顯示即使在 20000ppm 以上之丙酮瞬間濃度下，仍可維持在 90%以上之轉化效率。

5.2 建議

1. 本研究所使用之擔體為以商用的沸石 ZSM-5 加以金屬改質，使用雙金屬 Cu 及 Ce 負載於其上當作實驗測試之吸附型觸媒，然由許多文獻中得知使用 Mn 及 Cs 等金屬對於處理 VOCs 亦有不錯的效果，而中孔洞吸附材因為比表面積高以及孔洞均勻化等優點，亦逐漸受到重視。未來可使用比表面積較大的中孔洞 MCM-41 及 MSP 等材料進行改良，或使用其他經濟性及反應性都較佳的過渡金屬進行測試，以獲致更完整之資訊。

2. 本研究目前是選用丙酮作為污染物之處理物種，但高科技廠製程所排放之污染物亦可能含有其他種類(如異丙醇等)，並可能同時排放多種污染物，彼此之間產生協同或競爭效應，未來可加以討論多種污染物之處理效果。

3. 本研究受限於時間因而未探討濕度或氧氣濃度之影響，但實際上水氣或氧氣可能會影響到污染物之處理效果，另外對於銅及鈰雙金屬之間的交互作用未能深入了解，建議未來可加以探討。

4. 目前進行連續式吸脫附接催化反應時，在於吸附到飽合後才進行後續之脫附接催化，而於未來探討時，可將吸附時間縮短至約 10min，使其維持較佳的吸附效率，後續的脫附接催化反應時間也能下降到約 30min，使連續式反應整體循環一次約 40min，較符合實場上的要求。

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第四章、 結果與討論