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第四章 結果

第二節 Yao-ram-2-7 能誘發 Hep 3B 細胞產生細胞凋亡

前一節利用 MTT assay 的方式證明 Yao-ram-2-7 可抑制癌細胞生

長,但從細胞生長抑制可能反應的是細胞死亡或細胞分裂減少,所以 實驗利用 PI 染色。PI 為核酸嵌合物,能與細胞內的 DNA 結合。正 常細胞內染色體在細胞週期 G0/G1 期有 2 套染色體(2N),G2/M 期 有 4 套染色體(4N),S 期則介於以上 2 期之間。當細胞產生凋亡現 象會導致 DNA 斷裂,使得染色體數目少於 2N,因此,實驗利用利用 PI 染劑標記細胞中的 DNA,經流式細胞儀偵測,分析細胞凋亡的百 分比及細胞週期改變,而在 G0/G1 期之前出現波峰,即為 Sub-G1。

實驗檢測 Yao-ram-2-7 誘發細胞凋亡的時間及劑量關係,並以臨床抗 癌用藥 Sorafenib 做對照比較,觀察兩者對 Hep 3B 產生的細胞凋亡比 例及細胞週期各期的變化。

實驗使用劑量為 0-20 M 的 Yao-ram-2-7 及 Sorafenib 分別處理 Hep 3B 細胞,藥物作用時間為 24、48 及 72 小時,以流式細胞儀分 析細胞凋亡百分比及細胞週期變化。實驗結果發現(Fig. 4),Hep 3B 經 Yao-ram-2-7 處理,凋亡的細胞落在 Sub-G1 期的百分比隨著時間 的延長及劑量增加而增加,且在各時間點下濃度 2.5 M 與 5 M 即 有顯著差異(p < 0.05)。在不同時間劑量下,針對細胞週期各期的

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百分比進行統計分析(Table 2),發現在所有實驗的劑量及時間點,

G0/G1 期及 S 期百分比都隨著 Sub-G1 的百分比的增加而減少;G2/M 期的百分比在 24 小時各濃度下雖沒有顯著差異(p > 0.05),但在 48 小時及 72 小時劑量 5 M 與 10 M 則有顯著減少(p < 0.05)。

比較 Sorafenib(Fig. 5),Sub-G1 期的百分比僅在 24 小時高劑 量 20 M 及長時間 48、72 小時的 10 M 及 20 M 才具有顯著增加(p

< 0.05)。在不同的時間及劑量下,檢視細胞週期各期的百分比並進 行統計分析(Table 3),在 G0/G1 期,各時間點在劑量 0-10 M 發 現 G0/G1 期百分比隨劑量的增加而增加,且在 10 M 下具有顯著差 異(p < 0.05),顯示 Sorafenib 在 10 M 可造成 G0/G1 停止。在 S 期,各時間點從濃度 0 到 10 M 發現因 G0/G1 比例增加,S 期的比 例有降低趨勢,且在各時間點的劑量 10 M 具有顯著差異(p < 0.05)。

G2/M 期有隨著劑量增加及作用時間延長,百分比有減少趨勢。雖然 在條件 72 小時濃度 20 M,Sorafenib 的 Sub-G1 期的百分比(65.0 ± 5.4%)與 Yao-ram-2-7 的 Sub-G1 期百分比(65.7 ± 1.8% )相當,但 整體而言,Yao-ram-2-7 在較短的時間及較低劑量下即可使 Hep 3B 細 胞產生凋亡現象,反觀 Sorafenib 僅在較長時間及較高劑量的條件下 才會引發 Hep 3B 細胞產生凋亡現象。

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Fig. 4 Yao-ram-2-7 induced apoptosis of Hep 3B cells in a dose- and time-related manner. Hep 3B cells were synchronized at the beginning

of G0 phase by starvation (DMEM supplemented with 1% FBS for 24 h).

To determine the effect of Yao-ram-2-7, Hep 3B cells were treated with different dosages (0-20M) of Yao-ram-2-7 for the indicated time periods. Hep 3B cells were stained with PI (2 g/ml) for 30 min, and 10000 cells were examined by flow cytometry. The percentages indicate the proportion of apoptotic cells. Data are presented as means ± SEM.

Means without a common letter differ, p < 0.05. Results are representative of three independent experiments.

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Table 2 The percentage of cells at different phases of cell cycle in Fig.4

Time (h) 24

The percentages of cells at different phases of cell cycle in Fig. 4 were quantified by WinMDI 2.8 software. Data are presented as means ± SEM. Means in the same cell cycle without a common letter differ, p < 0.05. Results are representative of three

independent experiments.

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Fig. 5 Sorafenib induced apoptosis on Hep 3B cells in a dose- and time-related manner. Hep 3B cells were synchronized at the beginning

of G0 phase by starvation (DMEM supplemented with 1% FBS for 24 h).

To determine the effect of Sorafenib, Hep 3B cells were treated with different dosages (0-20M) of Sorafenib for the indicated time periods.

Hep 3B cells were stained with PI (2 g/ml) for 30 min, and 10000 cells were examined by flow cytometry. The percentages indicate the

proportion of apoptotic cells. Data are presented as means ± SEM. Means without a common letter differ, p < 0.05. Results are representative of three independent experiments.

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Table 3 The percentage of cells at different phases of cell cycle in Fig.5

Time (h) 24

The percentages of cells at different phases of cell cycle in Fig. 5 were quantified by WinMDI 2.8 software. Data are presented as means ± SEM. Means in the same cell cycle without a common letter differ, p < 0.05. Results are representative of three

independent experiments.

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