ኄ̄ᦊѬ Practice
1 ऩܗ ⼐Ҿ㟈䕲
ĞƌĞŵŽŶŝĂů^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ
Pre-reading
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dLJƉĞƐŽĨĞƌĞŵŽŶŝĂů^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ DĂŶLJ ƚLJƉĞƐ ŽĨ ĐĞƌĞŵŽŶŝĂů ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ƵƐĞĚ ĨŽƌ ĚŝĨĨĞƌĞŶƚ ŽĐĐĂƐŝŽŶƐ͕ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ ǁĞĚĚŝŶŐƐ͕ ĨƵŶĞƌĂůƐ͕ ŐƌĂĚƵĂƚŝŽŶƐ ĂŶĚ ĂǁĂƌĚ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘ ĞƉĞŶĚŝŶŐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ŽĐĐĂƐŝŽŶ͕ ĐĞƌĞŵŽŶŝĂů ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ƐĞƌǀĞ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚLJ ŽĨ ƉƵƌƉŽƐĞƐ͕ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ĞŶƚĞƌƚĂŝŶŝŶŐ͕ ĐŽŵŵĞŵŽƌĂƚŝŶŐ͕ ĐĞůĞďƌĂƚŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ŝŶƐƉŝƌŝŶŐ͘ ^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ĂƌĞ ŐŝǀĞŶ ƚŽ ŵĂƌŬ ĂŶ ŽĐĐĂƐŝŽŶ͕ ĂŶĚǁŚĞŶĂǁĞůůͲĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚƐƉĞĞĐŚŝƐĚĞůŝǀĞƌĞĚŝƚĐĂŶŵĂŬĞĂŶĞǀĞŶƚ ŵŽƌĞŵĞŵŽƌĂďůĞ͘ tĞůĐŽŵĞĂŶĚ/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶ^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐϭ ǁĞůĐŽŵĞĂĚĚƌĞƐƐŝƐĂǀĞƌLJďƌŝĞĨƐƉĞĞĐŚƚŽŐƌĞĞƚĂƚƚĞŶĚĞĞƐĂŶĚ ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐƉůĞĂƐƵƌĞĂƚƚŚĞŝƌƉƌĞƐĞŶĐĞ͘^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐŽĨŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶĂƌĞĂůƐŽ ďƌŝĞĨ͕ďƵƚƚŚĞŝƌƉƵƌƉŽƐĞŝƐƚŽƐĞƚƚŚĞƚŽŶĞŽĨĂŶĞǀĞŶƚ͕ĞƐƚĂďůŝƐŚƚŚĞ ĐƌĞĚŝďŝůŝƚLJϮŽĨƚŚĞƐƉĞĂŬĞƌďLJďƌŝĞĨůLJŽƵƚůŝŶŝŶŐŚŝƐŽƌŚĞƌďĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚ͕ ĂŶĚŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞĞŶƚŚƵƐŝĂƐŵĨŽƌƚŚĞƚŽƉŝĐŽĨƚŚĞĂĚĚƌĞƐƐ͘ <ĞLJŶŽƚĞĚĚƌĞƐƐϯ dŚĞ ƉƵƌƉŽƐĞ ŽĨ Ă ŬĞLJŶŽƚĞ ĂĚĚƌĞƐƐ ŝƐ ƚŽ ŝŶƐƉŝƌĞ ĂŶĚ ĂƌŽƵƐĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚĂŵŽŶŐƚŚĞůŝƐƚĞŶĞƌƐ͘dŚĞƐƵďũĞĐƚŵĂƚƚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĂĚĚƌĞƐƐŝƐƚŚĞ ĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝĚĞĂŽƌƚŚĞŵĞĂƌŽƵŶĚǁŚŝĐŚƚŚĞĞǀĞŶƚŝƐŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĞĚ͘WĞŽƉůĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŐŝǀĞ ŬĞLJŶŽƚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ĂƌĞ ŚŝŐŚůLJ ƌĞƉƵƚĂďůĞ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞŝƌ ĨŝĞůĚƐ͘ <ĞLJŶŽƚĞ ĂĚĚƌĞƐƐĞƐ ĂƌĞ ǁĞůů ŬŶŽǁŶ ĨŽƌ ƐĞƚƚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƚŽŶĞ Ăƚ ŶĂƚŝŽŶĂů ƉŽůŝƚŝĐĂůŶŽŵŝŶĂƚŝŶŐĐŽŶǀĞŶƚŝŽŶƐ͕ĨŽƌĞdžĂŵƉůĞ͘ ǁĂƌĚ^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐϰ dŚĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ ƚǁŽ ƚLJƉĞƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂƚĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ ĂǁĂƌĚ ĐĞƌĞŵŽŶŝĞƐ͗ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĂĐĐĞƉƚĂŶĐĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ͘ dŚĞ ƉĞƌƐŽŶƉƌĞƐĞŶƚŝŶŐƚŚĞĂǁĂƌĚƐƵŵŵĂƌŝnjĞƐƚŚĞƉƵƌƉŽƐĞŽĨƚŚĞĂǁĂƌĚ ĂŶĚƚŚĞĂĐĐŽŵƉůŝƐŚŵĞŶƚƐŽĨƚŚĞƌĞĐŝƉŝĞŶƚ͘dŚĞƐƉĞĞĐŚŽĨĂĐĐĞƉƚĂŶĐĞ ĐŽŶǀĞLJƐ ŐƌĂƚŝƚƵĚĞ ƚŽ ƚŚŽƐĞ ǁŚŽ ŚĂǀĞ ďĞƐƚŽǁĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĂǁĂƌĚ ĂŶĚ ƚŽ ƚŚŽƐĞǁŚŽƐƵƉƉŽƌƚĞĚƚŚĞƌĞĐŝƉŝĞŶƚŝŶĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚŚĞĂĐĐŽůĂĚĞ͘ 'ƌĂĚƵĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚZĞƚŝƌĞŵĞŶƚ^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ WĞŽƉůĞ ĐĞůĞďƌĂƚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĞŶĚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŝƌ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŝŽŶĂů ůŝĨĞ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚŝŽŶŽĨĂŶĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĐƋƵĂůŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶǁŝůůƵƐƵĂůůLJďĞĐĂůůĞĚŽŶƚŽ ŐŝǀĞ Ă ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ďLJ ƚŚĞŝƌ ĐŽůůĞĂŐƵĞƐ͕ ĨƌŝĞŶĚƐ ĂŶĚ ĨĂŵŝůLJ͘ tŚŝůĞ ƚŚĞ 1ĕܫҭ 2ĕࢶէĢ၃ 3ĕᅖᄛསߣ 4ĕ͏ߢᄡҪĞŵƉŚĂƐŝƐ ŽĨ ďŽƚŚ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ŝƐ ŽŶ ĐĞůĞďƌĂƚŝŽŶ͕ ŐƌĂĚƵĂƚŝŽŶ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ůŽŽŬŵŽƐƚůLJĨŽƌǁĂƌĚƚŽƚŚĞĨƵƚƵƌĞ͕ǁŚŝůĞƌĞƚŝƌĞŵĞŶƚƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐŵŽƐƚůLJ ƌĞĨůĞĐƚŽŶƚŚĞƉĂƐƚ͘ dƌŝďƵƚĞ^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĂĐŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞ͕ ĐŽŵŵĞŵŽƌĂƚĞ Žƌ ƉĂLJ ƐƉĞĐŝĂů ŚŽŶŽƌ ƚŽ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌ ŝĚĞĂ͕ ĞǀĞŶƚ͕ ƉĞƌƐŽŶ Žƌ ŵŽŶƵŵĞŶƚ ĂƌĞ ĐĂůůĞĚ ƚƌŝďƵƚĞƐ Žƌ ƚŽĂƐƚƐ͘ dŚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƐ ǁŚLJ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďũĞĐƚŝƐ ǁŽƌƚŚLJ ŽĨϱƐƉĞĐŝĂů ƌĞĐŽŐŶŝƚŝŽŶ ĂŶĚ ƵƐĞƐ ƚŚŝƐ ĂĐĐŽŵƉůŝƐŚŵĞŶƚ ƚŽ ŝŶƐƉŝƌĞ Žƌ ĞǀŽŬĞĞŵŽƚŝŽŶŝŶƚŚĞĂƵĚŝĞŶĐĞ͘ ĨƚĞƌͲŝŶŶĞƌ^ƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ƚĞǀĞŶƚƐƐƵĐŚĂƐǁĞĚĚŝŶŐƐ͕ĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞĂĨĨĂŝƌƐĂŶĚĨƵŶĚƌĂŝƐĞƌƐ͕Ă ůŝŐŚƚͲŚĞĂƌƚĞĚ͕ĞŶƚĞƌƚĂŝŶŝŶŐƐƉĞĞĐŚŝƐŽĨƚĞŶƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚĚƵƌŝŶŐŽƌĂƚƚŚĞ ĐŽŶĐůƵƐŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵĞĂů͘ tŚŝůĞ ĞŶƚĞƌƚĂŝŶŝŶŐ͕ ĂĨƚĞƌͲĚŝŶŶĞƌ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ĂƌĞ ĂůƐŽ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝǀĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞLJ ƵƐĞ ŚƵŵŽƌ ƚŽ ĚĞůŝǀĞƌ Ă ŵĞƐƐĂŐĞ Žƌ ŵĂŬĞĂƐĞƌŝŽƵƐƉŽŝŶƚ͘ ƵůŽŐŝĞƐϲ ƵůŽŐŝĞƐ ĂƌĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚĞƐ ŐŝǀĞŶ Ăƚ Žƌ ĨŽƌ Ă ƉĞƌƐŽŶΖƐ ĨƵŶĞƌĂů͘ dŚĞLJ ƌĞĨůĞĐƚŽŶĂŶĚƉƌĂŝƐĞƚŚĞŐŽŽĚƚŚĂƚƚŚĞĚĞĐĞĂƐĞĚƉĞƌƐŽŶĚŝĚĚƵƌŝŶŐ ŚŝƐ Žƌ ŚĞƌ ůŝĨĞ͘ ƵůŽŐŝĞƐ ŐĞŶĞƌĂůůLJ ďĞŐŝŶ ǁŝƚŚ ĂŶ ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶ ĂďŽƵƚ ŚŽǁ ƚŚĞ ĚĞĐĞĂƐĞĚ ĞŶƚĞƌĞĚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĂŬĞƌΖƐ ůŝĨĞ͕ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ Ă ďƌŝĞĨ ŵĞŵŽƌLJ ƚŚĂƚ ĐĂƉƚƵƌĞƐ ƚŚĞ ŶĂƚƵƌĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƉĂƌƚĞĚ ƉĞƌƐŽŶ͕ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶĐůƵĚĞǁŝƚŚĂŶĂĐĐŽƵŶƚŽĨƚŚĞůĞŐĂĐLJƚŚĞĚĞĐĞĂƐĞĚƉĞƌƐŽŶůĞĂǀĞƐ͘ 5ĕᄔԄ 6ĕഡҭēԀҭ
sŽĐĂďƵůĂƌLJ
deliver /make a welcome /opening /closing speech/address: 㟈䖢/ᓔᐩ/䯁ᐩ䆡 inaugurate an exhibition: Ўሩ㾜Ӯᧁᐩ
foundation laying ceremony: ༴⼐ school's opening ceremony: ᓔᄺ⼐ founding ceremony of a state: ᓔ return banquet: ㄨ䇶ᆈӮ
evening reception: ᰮᆈ buffet reception: ދ令ᕙӮ
spring festival /campfire party: ᮄᑈ/ㆱ☿ᰮӮ cocktail party: 叵ሒ䜦Ӯ
Majesty: 䰯ϟ Highness: ↓ϟ Excellency: 䯕ϟ
at the gracious invitation of: ᡓ㩭ĂĂⱘⲯᚙ䙔䇋 to propose a toast: ᦤ䆂⼱䜦
host country: ϰ䘧
heartfelt thanks: ⬅㹋ⱘ䇶ᛣ gracious hospitality: টདℒᕙ look back on: ಲ乒䖛এ a complete success: ⒵៤ࡳ an anniversary celebration: ਼ᑈᑚ a welcoming party: 䖢Ӯ a send-off party: 䗕Ӯ forum: ᑻ䇜Ӯˈ䆎യ summit: ዄӮ
I'm honored and privileged to: 㛑ĂĂ៥⏅ᛳ㤷ᑌ to call a press conference: ীᓔ䆄㗙ᕙӮ
WĂƌƚ/͗^ĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ/ŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƚŝŽŶ
ϭˊDĂLJ/ƉƌŽƉŽƐĞĂƚŽĂƐƚƚŽϭĂůůŽĨLJŽƵĂŶĚƚŽƚŚĞEĂƚŝŽŶĂů ĂLJŽĨŚŝŶĂ͊ŚĞĞƌƐ͊ ϮˊEŽǁ / ĚĞĐůĂƌĞ ƚŚĞ ŽƉĞŶŝŶŐϮ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ϭϰƚŚ &ŽƌƵŵ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ WƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŽŶŽĨŚŝůĚƌĞŶĂŶĚtŽŵĞŶΖƐZŝŐŚƚƐ͊ ϯˊ/ ŶŽǁ ŚĂǀĞ ƚŚĞ ŚŽŶŽƌ ŽĨ ĂƐŬŝŶŐϯ ƚŚĞ WƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ WĞŽƉůĞΖƐZĞƉƵďůŝĐŽĨŚŝŶĂƚŽŽƉĞŶƚŚĞ'ĂŵĞƐŽĨƚŚĞϮϵƚŚ KůLJŵƉŝĂĚŽĨƚŚĞŵŽĚĞƌŶĞƌĂ͘ ϰˊKŶďĞŚĂůĨŽĨƚŚĞ&ŽƌĞŝŐŶDŝŶŝƐƚƌLJŽĨƚŚĞWĞŽƉůĞΖƐZĞƉƵďůŝĐ ŽĨ ŚŝŶĂ ĂŶĚ ŝŶ ŵLJ ŽǁŶ ŶĂŵĞϰ͕ / ǁŝƐŚ ƚŽ ĞdžƚĞŶĚ ƚŚĞ ǁĂƌŵĞƐƚĨĞƐƚŝǀĞŐƌĞĞƚŝŶŐƐƚŽLJŽƵĂůů͘ ϱˊ/ ǁŽƵůĚ ůŝŬĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĂŶŬ Ăůů ŽĨ LJŽƵ ĨŽƌ ũŽŝŶŝŶŐ ƵƐ ŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ĐĞůĞďƌĂƚŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ϲϬƚŚ ĂŶŶŝǀĞƌƐĂƌLJ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƵŶĚŝŶŐϱ ŽĨ ƚŚĞWĞŽƉůĞΖƐZĞƉƵďůŝĐŽĨŚŝŶĂ͘ ϲˊ/ƚ ŝƐ Ă ƉƌŝǀŝůĞŐĞ ƚŽ ŽƉĞŶ ƚŚŝƐ ŝŶĂƵŐƵƌĂů ŵĞĞƚŝŶŐϲ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ^ƚƌĂƚĞŐŝĐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶŽŵŝĐ ŝĂůŽŐƵĞ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ hŶŝƚĞĚ ^ƚĂƚĞƐĂŶĚŚŝŶĂ͘ ϳˊ/ΖŵŐůĂĚƚŽǀŝƐŝƚƚŚĞhŶŝƚĞĚ^ƚĂƚĞƐŝŶƚŚĞůŽǀĞůLJƐĞĂƐŽŶŽĨ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ͕ĂƚLJŽƵƌŝŶǀŝƚĂƚŝŽŶϳ͕Dƌ͘WƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚ͘ ϴˊdŽŶŝŐŚƚ͕ƚŚĞ,ŽŶŐ<ŽŶŐϮϬϬϵ ĂƐƚƐŝĂŶ'ĂŵĞƐĂƌĞĐŽŵŝŶŐ ƚŽĂƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůĐŽŶĐůƵƐŝŽŶϴ͘KŶďĞŚĂůĨŽĨƚŚĞ,ŽŶŐ<ŽŶŐ ^ƉĞĐŝĂů ĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƚŝǀĞ ZĞŐŝŽŶ 'ŽǀĞƌŶŵĞŶƚ͕ / ĞdžƚĞŶĚ Ă ǀĞƌLJ ǁĂƌŵ ǁĞůĐŽŵĞ ƚŽ LJŽƵ ĨŽƌ ũŽŝŶŝŶŐ ƚŽŶŝŐŚƚΖƐ 1ĕඔ࿐นĂĂؤͶ 2ĕ༦ϣĂĂ 3ĕఔԙ྄ை 4ĕྻّఆ࿌ 5ĕᅠߙڳ 60 ᄻભ 6ĕұݖ࿐ 7ĕĂĂԅ྄ை 8ĕၕਁࠒ೯ĐĞƌĞŵŽŶLJ͘ ϵˊЁ᳝হস䆱䇈˖᳝᳟㞾䖰ᮍᴹˈϡѺФТ˛ ϭϬˊ៥ᕜ㤷ᑌഄҷ㸼ЁᬓᑰҎ⇥䌉ҷ㸼ಶ㸼⼎⛁⚜ ⱘ䖢 DŽ ϭϭˊ䇋ܕ䆌៥䖰䘧㗠ᴹⱘ䌉ᆒӀ 㸼⼎⛁⚜ⱘ䖢҆ ߛⱘ䯂DŽ ϭϮˊ䖭ᰃϔϾ䴲ᐌᛝᖿҸҎ䲒ᖬⱘᴎӮDŽ ϭϯˊ䖭Փ៥᳝ᵕདⱘᴎӮᴹᢰ䆓㗕᳟টˈ㒧䆚ᮄ᳟টDŽ ϭϰˊ៥ᜓ׳ℸᴎӮ ᛳ䇶ԴӀⱘ⛁ᚙདᅶ਼ࠄᅝᥦDŽ ϭϱˊ៥ⱘথ㿔ࠄℸ㒧ᴳˈ䇶䇶ԡʽ ϭϲˊᙼϔᅮᰃ៥ӀᳳⳐᏆЙⱘᅶҎDŽ
9ĕextend warm welcome to… 10ĕdistinguished guests 11ĕmemorable
12ĕan excellent opportunity 13ĕtake this opportunity 14ĕend/conclude one's speech 15ĕlong-expected
WĂƌƚ//͗ŝĂůŽŐƵĞ/ŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƚŝŽŶ
Work in pairs or groups of three and interpret the following two dialogues.
Dialogue 1:
A Visit by Gary Locke, U.S. Secretary of Commerce at Cummins Beijing Plant 㕢ଚࡵ䚼䭓做ᆊ䕝খ㾖ᒋᯢᮃ࣫ҀᎹॖ
Ꮉॖ乚ᇐ˖做ᆊ䕝䚼䭓ˈ䖢ᙼখ㾖៥Ӏⱘॖ᠓DŽᙼⱒᖭПЁ䖬㛑ᢑぎᴹ៥Ӏ䖭䞠ˈ ៥Ӏסᛳ㤷ᑌDŽ
Gary Locke: My pleasure, too. We are in China this time to foster cooperation in protecting the environment, reducing emission and new energy between these two big powers. I think Cummins, by its wonderful technology and products, is a key player.
Ꮉॖ乚ᇐ˖៥Ӏⶹ䘧Ё㕢ϸℷᓔሩĀ㓓㡆Ѹā(1)ˈ៥ӀгᏠᳯ߽⫼㞾Ꮕⱘ㓓㡆 ᡔᴃᐂࡽᬓᑰ⼒Ӯ㾷އ⦃๗Ϟⱘϔѯ䯂乬ˈሑ៥Ӏⱘᖂ㭘ПDŽ
Gary Locke˖I am very interested in knowing more about your state-of-the-art clean engine technology. America, to me, is heavily polluted by the emission from cars. And China, unfortunately, is following suit with tens of thousands of cars being sold every day. We need to do something about it.
Ꮉॖ乚ᇐ˖៥Ӏⱘ⏙⋕থࡼᴎ㛑䰡Ԣ∂⇻࣪⠽乫㉦⠽ⱘᥦᬒˈ᳝ϡৠℒᓣⱘѻક 䗖⫼Ѣϡৠ㉏ൟⱘ䔺䕚DŽϔӮܓ៥ӀӮᙼሩ⼎⏙⋕থࡼᴎⱘᅝ㺙ᗻ㛑DŽ
Gary Locke: Great. Hope your technicians can explain everything in a clear and, most important of all, simple way to this layman.
Ꮉॖ乚ᇐ˖જજˈᙼⳳᑑ咬DŽ៥Ӏ偀Ϟᏺᙼএᡔᴃሩ⼎ख़ˈᡔᴃҎਬӮᡞ IV ⏙
⋕থࡼᴎᅝ㺙ϔ䕚⏋ড়ࡼ(2)݀Ѹᅶ䔺Ϟˈ✊ৢݡ䎳ᙼ㾷䞞ϔϟᥦᬒ㛑㗫ᗻ㛑ᮍ䴶
㒗д䆆㾷˖
ď1ĐܬࡂͬܙႊྸюนӲӝಓݣԅᅖඕēqܬͬrྙࢶࠁᆴqܬࡂဖۚrcqౄr ԉdqౄෳ߬rಾ green diplomacyē࿉ၽҼࠩᄯਥܬͬক့ԅഀۦᆴdౄಪଶಾ Ϣಾ green food છĦೋΑࠀౄಪଶcပݯಪଶۤํ٤ڽСଶԅ֪࿒ďgreen food, organic food and safe cropĐd
ď2ĐqݡۦՎॏrಾ hybridēဒԨࠒۦē૦ׂٗԎēٗަܬͬdճܥऺѻຣࠀտܬ ͬ೬ဴē࿒ၔޛྑᆳٟۚࢻēရྑၽ଼ನᅟ࿉տݲदēߜӖ२ᅥྜҭݘӉ҅ၽЩޚ࿋ ऺē഻ನԸဈd Dialogue 2: Visit by an EU Delegation ⲳҷ㸼ಶ䆓䯂 ߬к䆄˖ᆚᮃܜ⫳ˈ䴲ᐌ催݈ᙼᙼ᠔⥛乚ⱘҷ㸼ಶ㛑ᴹ៥䆓䯂DŽ
Mr. Smith: Thank you! I feel very privileged that I can visit China again within such a short period of time. I think this showcases the close relationship between the EU and China. We thank you for the kind invitation and warm welcome.
߬к䆄˖ⱘ⹂བℸˈᬍ䴽ᓔᬒҹᴹˈЁϢϪ⬠ሩᓔᑓ⊯ড়˗ࡴܹϪ䌌Пৢˈ Ёড়ᰃ᮹Ⲟ䞡㽕DŽ
Mr. Smith: Yes, indeed. The cooperation between European countries and China in the economic as well as political field has reached an unprecedented stage in the new century. EU, as an international organization, will make use of its great potential and become a stable factor to the global community.
߬к䆄˖ᙼ䇈ᕫ䴲ᐌᇍDŽ⦄ҎӀ䍞ᴹ䍞䅸䆚ࠄ˄1˅⌆ৃҹЎ䰙ᑇᅝܼҹঞܼ⧗
㐕㤷থⱘ⫼DŽЁϰㄝ䯂乬Ϟˈⲳⱘ⿃ᵕখϢᇍ〇ᅮϪ⬠ሔकߚ᳝ⲞDŽ Mr. Smith: Asia also plays a more and more important role in the international affairs. Since the 1980s, Asia has witnessed˄2˅ a rapid rise to prosperity. And China particularly has attracted the world's attention over the past few decades with its remarkable achievement.
㒗д䆆㾷˖
ď1Đჿᄭ׀ูԅဴ՛ΑࠀჾēqၠࣿၠఊಭӾrఢڴ֪࿒ю many people have realized ݖມԄ۳ಓݣܤēϢುۦჾ׀ูd࿙ҮēუऺࢶྻЧೋݣರဈ΄Վဴൟē ैఢēthere is an increasing recognition that ...ࢶರ࿒ำࢺڔcԄd
WĂƌƚ///͗WĂƐƐĂŐĞ/ŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƚŝŽŶ
Passage 1: Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese President Obama's Message for the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II
June 5, 2012 Your Majesty˄1˅,
On the historic occasion of your diamond jubilee˄2˅, Michelle and I send you and all the British people and members of the Commonwealth the heartfelt congratulations of the American people.
In war and in peace, in times of plenty and in times of hardship, the United States and the United Kingdom have shared a special relationship. We've stood tall and strong. And together we've faced some of the greatest challenges this world has known.
And while many presidents and prime ministers have come and gone, Your Majesty's reign has endured. As I said last year at Buckingham Palace, that makes Your Majesty both a living witness to the power of our alliance and a chief source of its resilience. As a steadfast ally, loyal friend and tireless leader, Your Majesty has set an example of resolve that will be long celebrated.
And as we work together to build a better future for the next generation, it is gratifying to know that the bonds between our nations remain indispensable to our two countries and to the world.
In honor of your sixty extraordinary years on the throne, communities across the Commonwealth have lit thousands of jubilee beacons. And may the light of Your Majesty's crown continue to reign supreme for many years to come.˄3˅
㒗д䆆㾷˖
ď1ĐMajesty ྡྷҭᄍړྻൎပٌຫՇҭēဈྻы܋ݧඔރฆఆၔē·ำᄗڳ ฆྨुై͂֝ಷē֪࿒юqฆΦຏrd
ď2ĐwकำӲӝဴҭԥxճ 'LDPRQG-XELOHHԅࠓೄน the date that is exactly 60 years after the date of an important event, especially of someone becoming a king or queenēၽ უऺᄗڳฆྨुై͂֝ಷԈݮ 60 ᄻભޠԥēࢶྻ֪࿒นqᆧᥩԥrd
ď3Đ·ำนਥڳᆙහ̸̭৴ճڳฆྨुై͂֝ಷᆧᥩԥԅᄡҪē௦ำဈҭჾ ē֪࿒юۑဴನྡྷՇྑ༪ဈჾԅҭဴēྻζຣუྡྷনᄷԅЦۦēωζವճฆԅᆭ ᄷྻރճୣൎᆳ٪ԅѩדࢼՇۤثݷd
Passage 2: Interpret the following passage from Chinese into English ݅߯Ѧ߽݅䌶ǃ݅ৠথሩⱘ㕢དᴹ üüၽԛಥ๔ࠝಜΔԄͭڳޝ࠼ޖৢ൦౨ԅསߣ ᄯܟఆ٫ۤڳᅖ ܑࠦඁ 2011ભ 6 ၥ 17 ఐēಜΔԄͭ ᇞᭀⱘṙᖋ䶺ᵄᘏ㒳ˈ ԡᴹᆒˈ ཇӀˈܜ⫳Ӏˈ ᳟টӀ˖ ᕜ催݈᳝ᴎӮᴹࠄ֘㔫ᮃ㕢Бⱘ࣫ᮍП䛑ߎᐁकѨሞᕐᕫ䰙㒣⌢䆎യDŽ佪ܜˈ ៥ᇍ䆎യ៤ࡳВ㸠ˈ㸼⼎⛁⚜ⱘ⼱䌎ʽ ᕐᕫ䰙㒣⌢䆎യ㞾 1997 ᑈ߯ࡲҹᴹˈ᮹Ⲟ៤Ў⬠㊒㣅݅ଚ֘㔫ᮃܼ⧗㒣⌢ থሩ䅵ⱘ䞡㽕ᑇৄ(1)ˈ䰙ᕅડ䍞ᴹ䍞ᑓ⊯DŽ15 ᑈᴹˈ䖭Ͼ䆎യ㾕䆕њ֘㔫ᮃ㒣⌢ᣕ㓁 ᖿ䗳থሩˈ֗䖯њ䰙㒣⌢Ѹ⌕ড়DŽ៥Ӏᇍ䆎യ䍋ࠄⱘ⿃ᵕ⫼㸼⼎䌲䌣DŽ ᔧҞϪ⬠ℷ໘থሩǃব䴽ǃ䇗ᭈᯊᳳˈᑇǃথሩǃড়ⱘ⧚ᗉࡴ⏅ܹҎ ᖗ(2)DŽϪ⬠ᵕ࣪ǃ㒣⌢ܼ⧗࣪⏅ܹথሩˈ㒣⌢ⳌѦձᄬ᮹Ⲟࡴ⏅ˈᮄ݈Ꮦഎᆊ(3) থሩЁᆊᖿ䗳៤䭓ˈऎඳ㒣⌢ড়ᮍ݈㡒ˈ⾥ᡔ߯ᮄᄩ㚆ᮄさ⸈ˈ䰙㒣⌢⾽ᑣ⏅ ࠏব࣪DŽৠᯊˈ៥Ӏгᑨ䆹ⳟࠄˈ䰙䞥㵡ॅᴎথ⫳ϸᑈᴹˈϪ⬠㒣⌢㢣ℹӤҡ✊㓧 ᜶ˈ⸔ձ✊㭘ᔅˈ䖬ᄬ䇌ϡ⹂ᅮ㋴ˈॅᴎⱘ⏅ሖᕅડҡ⍜䰸DŽ䰙ഄऎ⛁ ⚍䯂乬ℸ䍋ᕐӣˈफ࣫থሩϡᑇ㸵䯂乬ࡴさߎˈ⾡ᔶᓣⱘֱᡸЏН䞡ᮄᢀ༈DŽҎ㉏⫳ ᄬথሩ䴶Јⴔ⇨ব࣪ǃ㛑⑤ᅝܼǃ㊂亳ᅝܼㄝϔ㋏߫ᮄⱘܼ⧗ᗻᣥDŽ Ёᜓ⿃ᵕখϢ䅼䆎㾷އϪ⬠㒣⌢থሩЁⱘ䞡䯂乬ˈৠϔ䘧ᑨᇍᣥDŽ 㒗д䆆㾷˖
ď1ĐqĂĂԅ଼൛rࢶྻ֪࿒น “a platform for…”d
ď2Đqಇదఆrၽڳઝকӽఆԅߣܥऺੋ֮ѻຣēၽဴऺੋ௯ਠပྡྷّճ ԅcγᅹԅ࿒֥ēᄚટٔெࣣݣ҉सd·ำᄯq଼ۤc֟Ⴚcۦᆴԅसٗަಇద ఆrēಬޝ౨ಾᄗఆਬٗަӠۤࢷฌq଼ۤc֟Ⴚူۦᆴrēࢶྻ֪࿒น“There is a stronger call for peace, development and cooperation among the people”d
ď3ĐೇЦڳޥน“emerging markets”d
WĂƌƚ/s͗^ƵƉƉůĞŵĞŶƚƐ
Dialogue 1:
A Visit by Canadian Trade Minister in Shenyang ࡴᣓ䌌ᯧ䚼䭓䆓䯂≜䰇
Ꮦ䭓˖䖢ˈ䖢ʽ䚼䭓ܜ⫳ˈ䇋ܕ䆌៥ҷ㸼≜䰇Ꮦᬓᑰݡϔᇍᙼҷ㸼ಶܼԧ៤ ਬⱘᴹ䆓㸼⼎⛁⚜ⱘ䖢DŽϔ䏃Ϟ乎߽৻˛
Minister Day: It's a long journey indeed. However, the flight was smooth and the flight service on the plane was excellent.
Ꮦ䭓˖䚼䭓ܜ⫳ˈ䖭ᰃᙼϔᴹЁ৫˛ҹ᳝ࠡ≵᳝䇈䖛≜䰇ਸ਼˛
Minister Day: Well, I was here in Shenyang once, but it was nearly 20 years ago, not long since China's reform and opening-up. I can see that Shenyang has undergone tremendous changes during the past two decades.
Ꮦ䭓˖ᰃⱘˈᬍ䴽ᓔᬒПৢˈܼഄ䛑᳝ᕜⱘথሩDŽᙼ䖭ᇚ≜䰇ЎЁ䆓䯂 ⱘϔキˈ៥Ӏᛳࠄ䴲ᐌ㤷ᑌʽ
Minister Day: Thank you very much. Shenyang is the most important economic, cultural, transportation and trade center in Northeast China which is undergoing rapid development. By visiting Shenyang, we want to learn about recent developments and future trends affecting the northeastern China.
Ꮦ䭓˖ᰃⱘDŽⳟⳟ≜䰇ⱘথሩ䍟ህӮথ⦄ˈ䖛এ 20 ᑈᴹ៥Ꮦ GDP ϔⳈֱᣕᖿ䗳 䭓ˈ៥ӀᇍѢҞᑈⱘ㒣⌢থሩᔶгकߚФ㾖DŽ
Dialogue 2:
The U.K. Technology Delegation at Shenzhen Hi-tech Industrial Park (SHIP) 㣅⾥ᡔҷ㸼ಶখ㾖⏅ഇ催ᮄऎ
ುऎ乚ᇐ˖ԡ㣅⾥ᡔ⬠ⱘҷ㸼ˈ䖢ԴӀᴹࠄ⏅ഇ催ᮄऎʽҞ៥Џ㽕ᆊㅔ ऩҟ㒡ϔϟ៥Ӏುऎⱘ⡍⚍DŽ
U.K. Delegate: That would be great! Though we did some homework before we came, we'd still love to know more about your park with its picturesque scenery and modern architecture. By the way, do you mind if we interrupt you and raise a few questions?
ುऎ乚ᇐ˖≵䯂乬ʽ៥Ӏⱘᓎㄥ䛑ᕜ᳝⡍㡆ˈ㗠Ϩ⊼䞡⦃ֱˈЎ៥Ӏ㾝ᕫˈ⾥ᡔᑨ 䆹དഄ᳡ࡵ⦃๗ˈ㕢࣪⦃๗DŽ
U.K. Delegate: We couldn't agree with you more. If the technology only devastates our earth, then we'd rather do without it.
ುऎ乚ᇐ˖䇋䯂ԡᇍ催ᮄऎાѯᮍ䴶ᛳ݈䍷˛
U.K. Delegate: I read your hi-tech park is home to a group of top universities in China. Education and hi-tech, a perfect match. But, a silly question, where are these universities? I don't think you've enough space to hold them all.
ುऎ乚ᇐ˖જજˈ៥Ӏ䖭ܓᰃ㰮ᢳᄺುˈ⬅⍋ݙ 48 ᠔㨫ৡ䰶᷵㒘៤ˈ䖭ѯᑈᴹ៥ Ӏݏњ᭄ϛৡ催ሖҎᠡˈᑊ៤ࡳᇚⷨお៤ᵰѻϮ࣪DŽ
U.K. Delegate: That explains why I can't find them. This approach lives up to the name of hi-tech, using technology to overcome constraints of distance.
ುऎ乚ᇐ˖䰸ℸПˈ催ᮄऎ䖬∛䲚њϔᡍݙⶹৡӕϮᄺⱘⷨথЁᖗˈ ᳝ѯӕϮⱘⷨথ㒣䌍ऴ䫔ଂ乱ⱘ 10%ҹϞDŽ䖭ḋ៥Ӏᔶ៤њѻǃᄺǃⷨ㒧ড়ⱘऎඳ߯ᮄ ԧ㋏DŽ
also brings about superb outcomes. They are also winning the support from government as well.
Passage 1:
Remarks by Secretary Clinton at the State Department Luncheon Honoring Vice President Xi Jinping of China
Benjamin Franklin Room State Department February 14, 2012
Thank you all very much. Please be seated. And it's an honor to welcome all of you to the State Department this afternoon. It's always good to have Vice President Biden here, and we are particularly pleased to have our very special guest of honor. I'd also like to recognize Ming Tsai, the talented chef who has prepared this delicious lunch for us, fusing the flavors of Chinese and American cuisine. (Applause.)
This year marks the 40th anniversary of President Nixon's historic trip to China. And we are very pleased that Dr. Kissinger is here with us, who, along with Zhou Enlai, was instrumental in transforming the relationship between our two countries. Today, cooperation between the United States and China is imperative to address the many vexing challenges we face, from countering proliferation, to addressing climate change, to promoting global economic security. Now, developing the habits of cooperation is not easy. We have a lot of work to do. But we are both committed to building a lasting framework of trust that will support a cooperative partnership for the next 40 years and beyond.
Vice President Xi first came to the United States on an exchange program over 25 years ago to Iowa. He will travel there tomorrow to see some old friends. That visit illustrates how important the bonds between our people are. That's why we support programs like 100,000 Strong to send more American students to study in China, and many more people-to-people exchanges.
So it is a great pleasure to welcome Vice President Xi and to celebrate the bonds of friendship between our nations' governments and people. And it is now my great honor to introduce Vice President Biden. (Applause.)
Passage 2: ༹Ꮘ偀ᘏ㒳В㸠ⱘ䖢ᆈϞⱘ㟈䕲 ᄯܟఆ٫ۤڳᅖ ܑࠦඁ ਥڳܟಙո ͂٥ ڳද 2011ભ 1 ၥ 19 ఐ ᇞᭀⱘ༹Ꮘ偀ᘏ㒳Ҏˈ ԡᴹᆒˈ ཇӀˈܜ⫳Ӏˈ ᳟টӀ˖ ᰮϞདʽᑨ༹Ꮘ偀ᘏ㒳ⱘ䙔䇋ˈ៥ᕜ催݈ݡᴹࠄ㕢䖯㸠џ䆓䯂DŽϔ䏣Ϟ䖭⠛㕢Б
ⱘೳഄˈ៥Ӏህফࠄ㕢ᬓᑰҎ⇥ⱘⲯᚙℒᕙDŽҞᰮϞˈ༹Ꮘ偀ᘏ㒳জЎ៥ӀВ㸠䖢 ᆈӮˈᑊথ㸼њ⛁ᚙ⋟⑶ⱘ䆆䆱DŽ៥䇼ҷ㸼៥ⱘৠџӀˈᑊҹ៥ϾҎⱘৡНˈ༹Ꮘ偀ᘏ㒳 Ҏˈᑻⱘ㕢᳟টӀˈ㸼⼎㹋ᖗⱘᛳ䇶ˈᑊ䗮䖛ԴӀ⛁ᚙটདⱘ㕢Ҏ⇥䕀䖒Ё Ҏ⇥ⱘ㡃ད⼱ᜓˈ᠔᳝݇ᖗᬃᣕЁ㕢݇㋏থሩⱘ㕢⬠Ҏ㟈ҹ䆮ᣮⱘ䯂DŽ ៥䖭ᑨ༹Ꮘ偀ᘏ㒳ⱘ䙔䇋䆓䯂㕢ˈⳂⱘᰃ䖯Ѧֵˈࡴᔎট䇞ˈ⏅࣪ড়ˈࡼ ѠकϔϪ㑾⿃ᵕǃড়ǃܼ䴶ⱘЁ㕢݇㋏㒻㓁ࠡথሩDŽ䖥ᑈᴹˈ⡍߿ᰃ༹Ꮘ偀ᘏ㒳ህ㘠 ϸᑈᴹˈঠᮍⱘ݅ৠࡾϟˈЁ㕢݇㋏ᕫࠄ䭓䎇থሩˈϸᑓ⊯乚ඳѸ⌕ড়ϡᮁᠽˈ ঠᮍ䞡ⱘ䰙ഄऎ䯂乬Ϟֱᣕᆚߛ≳䗮ण䇗ˈЎ֗䖯ѮഄऎЗ㟇Ϫ⬠ⱘᑇǃ 〇ᅮǃ㐕㤷থњ⿃ᵕ⫼DŽ
ষ䆥ⱒ⾥
∝䇁ЁĀᳱҷāⱘ㗏䆥
ЁᰃϪ⬠ಯ᭛ᯢসПϔˈЁग़䆡∛ⱘℷ⹂㗏䆥ˈᇍ㛑৺དഄӴ䗦ЁЄ ᆠⱘग़᭛࣪ᰒᕫ㟇݇䞡㽕DŽग़ᑈҷ㸼ᰃग़䖯ᳱҷবⱘ㓽ᕅˈℸग़ᑈҷ㸼 ⱘℷ⹂㗏䆥Ӵ᪁Ёग़᭛࣪ǃ֗䖯Ё㽓ᮍњ㾷ǃѸ⌕ᮍ䴶᳝ⴔ䞡㽕ⱘ⫼DŽ ग़ᑈҷ㸼ҹᳱҷߎ⦄ⱘ乎ᑣᥦ߫ˈ⏙᱄ഄ䆄ᔩњᳱҷⱘৡ⿄ǃᣕ㓁ⱘᯊ䯈DŽ᳝ѯग़ ᑈҷ㸼Ӯㅔऩഄҟ㒡োǃᓎ䛑Ѣᶤഄǃ݅ग़ᇥҷǃᇥ⥟ㄝㄝDŽᳱҷৡ᭄䛑ᰃ ∝䇁Ёⱘᐌ⫼䆡∛ˈԚ䛑ᑨҹϧ᳝ৡ䆡ⳟᕙDŽℸ㗏䆥䖛Ёˈ᠔᳝ⱘᳱҷৡ䛑ᑨҹϧ ᳝ৡ䆡ⱘ䆥⊩ЎޚDŽ᳔ᐌ㾕ⱘ䆥⊩Џ㽕᳝ҹϟ⾡˖ 1ĕ࿒֥ ䷇䆥े䆥䷇ˈᰃᣛ⫼ϔ⾡䇁㿔᭛ᄫݭߎ䇏ߎϔ⾡䇁㿔ⱘ䆡䆡㒘ⱘথ䷇DŽ䷇䆥⊩ ᰃϔ⾡ҹ䷇ҷНⱘᮍ⊩DŽЁᳱҷϔ㠀䞛⫼䷇䆥⊩DŽ唤 Qi(479-502) ṕ Liang(502-557) 䰜 Chen(557-589) ਈ Wu(902-937) ਈ䍞 Wu Yue(907-978) 䯑 Min(909-945) Ἦ Chu(927-951)
㤚फ Jing Nan(924-963) 䖑 Liao(916-1125) 䞥 Jin(1115-1234)
ग़ᑈҷ㸼ЁˈᳱҷᏱ⥟ⱘᑈো(reign title)᭄䛑ϔϔ߫ߎDŽᑈোᰃসҷⱛᏱ㑾 ᑈⱘৡোˈ∝ᳱ∝℺ᏱྟᓎᑈোˈϔϾⱛᏱԡᳳ䯈ৃҹ᳝Ͼᑈোˈ↨བ߯ᓎᑈোⱘ∝ ℺Ᏹ᳝݅ 11 ϾᑈোˈЁग़ϞଃϔⱘཇⱛᏱ℺߭ϔ᳝݅ 17 ϾᑈোDŽࠄњᯢ⏙ᯊᳳˈ ϔϾⱛᏱϔ㠀া⫼ϔϾᑈোˈ՟བᯢᳱⱘĀ⋾℺āǃĀ∌Фā˗⏙ᳱⱘĀ乎⊏āǃĀᒋ❭āǃĀђ 䱚āㄝDŽᑈোϔ㠀া᳝ϸᄫ㒘៤ˈг᳝ಯᄫ݁ᄫⱘDŽᑈোⱘ㗏䆥ϔ㠀䛑䞛⫼䷇䆥⊩ˈݡ ᷛᯢЎ reignˈϟ䴶ҹ⏙ᳱⱘᑈোЎ՟˖
乎⊏ The Reign Shun Zhi(1644-1661) ᒋ❭ The Reign Kang Xi(1661-1722) 䲡ℷ The Reign Yong Zheng(1722-1735) ђ䱚 The Reign Qian Long(1735-1795) 2ĕ࿉࿒֥
ᛣ䆥ᰃᣛᇚ䆡䇁ⱘᛣᗱⳈ䆥៤Ⳃⱘ䇁DŽЁग़Ϟˈ㛑䞛⫼ᛣ䆥⊩Ⳉ㗏䆥ⱘᳱ ҷ↨䕗ᇥDŽ䞛⫼䆹䆥⊩ⱘЏ㽕ࣙᣀϾ⡍⅞ⱘᯊᳳˈ䖭ѯᯊᳳࣙᣀ˖ᄨᄤᬍ㓪剕lj ⾟NJ㗠ᕫৡⱘĀ⾟ᯊᳳā˗Ң䶽ǃ䍉ǃ儣Āϝᆊߚᰟā㟇⾺ྟⱛ㒳ϔ݁ⱘĀᯊᳳā˗
儣ǃ㳔ǃਈϝ哢ゟⱘĀϝᯊᳳā˗फ࣫ᇍክⱘĀफ࣫ᳱᯊᳳāࡼхⱘĀѨҷकᯊᳳāDŽ Āᯊᳳāϸᄫϔ㠀ϡ䆥ˈԚĀ⾟ᯊᳳāĀᯊᳳā՟DŽ
⾟ The Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC) The Warring States Period(475-221 BC) ϝ Three Kingdoms(220-280)
फ࣫ᳱ Northern and Southern Dynasties(420-589) Ѩҷक Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms(907-960) (᳝ѯ㗏䆥㗙䆥Ў Five Dynasties and Ten States) 3ĕ࿒֥ަ࿉࿒֥
᳝ѯᳱҷৡ⿄ᰃ⬅ĀোāĀᳱā݅ৠ㒘៤ⱘDŽ㗏䆥ᯊࠡ䴶ⱘĀোāϔ㠀䞛⫼䷇ 䆥⊩ˈĀᳱāϔ㠀䞛⫼ᛣ䆥⊩DŽ՟བग़Ϟᔎⱘᇕᓎ⥟ᳱ˖োЎĀ∝āⱘ∝ᳱ˄ࣙᣀ㽓 ∝ϰ∝˅ǃোЎĀ䱟āⱘ䱟ᳱǃোЎĀāⱘᳱǃোЎĀᅟāⱘᅟᳱ˄ࣙᣀ࣫ᅟǃ फᅟҹঞᑊᄬⱘ䖑ǃ䞥㽓˅ǃোЎĀܗāⱘܗᳱৢᴹⱘᯢᳱ⏙ᳱDŽ
∝ᳱ Han Dynasty(202 BC-220 AD) 䱟ᳱ Sui Dynasty(581-618) ᳱ Tang Dynasty(618-907) ᅟᳱ Song Dynasty(960-1279) ܗᳱ Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368) ᯢᳱ Ming Dynasty(1368-1644) ⏙ᳱ Qing Dynasty(1644-1911) 4ĕ࿉࿒֥ަ࿒֥ Ёग़Ϟˈ᳝ѯᳱҷ⬅Ѣ䛑ජⱘ䖕⿏ǃ⥟ᳱᬓᴗⱘ䞡ᓎǃোⳌৠ㗠ᳱҷܜৢ ᳝߿ㄝॳˈЎњ㛑དഄऎߚ䆄ᔩˈḍ݊䛑ජⱘഄ⧚ԡ㕂ᯊ䯈ߎ⦄ⱘܜৢˈ োⱘ⸔Ϟ⏏ࡴᮍԡ䆡ˈབϰ㽓ǃफ࣫˗োⱘ⸔Ϟ⏏ࡴĀࠡāǃĀৢāˈ䅀བग़Ϟ ᡞ਼ᑇ⥟ϰ䖕Пࠡⱘ਼ᳱ⿄ЎĀ㽓਼āˈҹৢЎĀϰ਼ā˗㽓∝ᳱৢᳳ⥟㦑ㆵԡˈ߬⾔䞡ᓎ ∝ᳱˈᓎ䛑Ѣ⋯䰇ˈ⿄Āϰ∝āĀৢ∝ā˗݀ܗ 265 ᑈˈৌ偀♢ᑳ儣ᏱᑊᬍোЎᰟˈ ग़Ϟ⿄Ў㽓ᰟ⥟ᳱˈৢᴹৌ偀ⵓأᅝ∳फ䞡ᓎᰟᅸˈ⿄ϰᰟ˗݀ܗ 960 ᑈˈ䍉ࣵ㚸ᓎ োЎᅟˈ⿄࣫ᅟ˗䴪ᒋܗᑈˈᅟ催ᅫेԡˈ⊓⫼ᅟোˈ⿄फᅟDŽݡབѨҷक ᯊᳳˈЁॳⳌ㒻ߎ⦄њṕǃǃᰟǃ∝ǃ਼ѨϾᳱҷˈ⿄ৢṕǃৢǃৢᰟǃৢ∝ǃ ৢ਼˗䖬᳝Āࠡ㳔āǃĀৢ㳔āㄝㄝDŽ䖭ѯᳱҷৡϔ㠀䞛⫼ᛣ䆥⊩䷇䆥⊩㒧ড়ⱘ䆥⊩䖯㸠 㗏䆥DŽࠡ䴶ⱘᮍԡ䆡ĀࠡāǃĀৢā䞛⫼ᛣ䆥⊩ˈৢ䴶ⱘো䞛⫼䷇䆥⊩DŽ
㽓਼ Western Zhou(11th Century-771 BC) ϰ਼ Eastern Zhou(770-221BC) 㽓∝ Western Han(206 BC-25 AD) ϰ∝ Eastern Han(25-220 AD) ৢṕ Later Liang(907-923) ৢ Later Tang(923-936) ࠡ㳔 Former Shu(907-925) ৢ㳔 Later Shu(934-965) ࣫ᅟ Northern Song(960-1127) फᅟ Southern Song(1127-1279) 5ĕտᄵ࿒֥ωӉ
᳝ϔѯᳱҷোৠᯊৃ⫼⾡䆥⊩ˈ՟བĀ㽓āৃҹ⫼䷇䆥⊩䆥Ў Xixiaˈгৃҹ ⫼ᛣ䆥⊩䷇䆥⊩㒧ড়䆥Ў Western Xia˗Ā䖑āৃ⫼䷇䆥⊩䆥Ў Liaoˈ⬅Ѣ䖑ҷⱘ߯ᓎ㗙 ᰃ༥ЍᮣҎˈгৃ䆥Ў QidanǃChitan Khitan˗Ā䞥āৃ⫼䷇䆥⊩䆥Ў Jinˈгৃ䆥Ў KinDŽ
ग़ᑈҷ㸼ⱘ㗏䆥ᮍ⊩㱑ϡᇥˈԚ݊䆥⊩᳝ϔᅮⱘ㾘ᕟˈ䆥⊩ⱘ䗝ᢽᑨḍԧⱘ䆡 䇁䇁๗އᅮDŽ
খ㗗ㄨḜ
WĂƌƚ/͗^ĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ/ŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƚŝŽŶ
1. 䅽៥Ӏ݅ৠВᵃˈЎԡᆒЁⱘᑚˈᑆᵃʽ 2. ⦄៥ᅷᏗˈ 14 ሞཛཇܓスᴗֱ߽䱰䆎യℷᓣᓔᐩʽ 3. ⦄ˈ៥㤷ᑌഄ䙔䇋ЁढҎ⇥݅Џᐁܜ⫳ᅷᏗ 29 ሞ⦄ҷ༹ᵫऍܟ䖤ࡼӮ ᓔᐩDŽ 4. ៥ҷ㸼ЁढҎ⇥݅Ѹ䚼ˈᑊҹ៥ϾҎⱘৡНˈԡᴹᆒ㟈ҹ᳔㕢དⱘ㡖᮹ ⼱⽣DŽ 5. ؐℸЁढҎ⇥݅៤ゟ 60 ਼ᑈП䰙ˈ៥Ӏ⛁⚜䖢ԡᆒⱘܝЈˈᛳ䇶ᆊ Ϣ៥Ӏϔ䘧ЎЁढҎ⇥݅ⱘ⫳᮹⼱⽣DŽ 6. कߚ㤷ᑌഄᅷᏗ㕢Ёϸ⬹Ϣ㒣⌢ᇍ䆱佪Ӯ䆂ᓔᐩDŽ 7. ᘏ㒳ܜ⫳ˈ៥ᕜ催݈䖭ܝᯢၮⱘ㕢དᯊ㡖ᑨᙼⱘⲯᚙ䙔䇋䆓䯂䌉DŽ 8. Ҟᰮˈ佭␃ 2009 ϰѮ䖤ࡼӮेᇚ⒵㒧ᴳˈ៥䇼ҷ㸼佭␃⡍߿㸠ᬓऎᬓᑰˈ⛁⚜ 䖢ԡߎᐁҞᰮⱘ䯁ᐩᓣDŽ9. There is an old saying in China which goes: "Isn't it a great pleasure to have friends coming from afar?"
10. I have the honor to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people, our warm welcome to your delegation.
11. Please allow me to express our warm welcome and cordial greetings to our distinguished guests coming from afar.
12. This is a very happy and memorable occasion.
13. It provides me with an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and make new ones. 14. I'd like to take this opportunity to thank you for the warm hospitality and thoughtful arrangements.
15. And that concludes my speech./I'd like to end/conclude my speech. Thank you for your attention.
16. You must be our long-expected guest.
WĂƌƚ//͗ŝĂůŽŐƵĞ/ŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƚŝŽŶ
Dialogue 1:
Factory Leader: Welcome, Mr. Secretary of Commerce, to our factory. We are immensely indebted to you for sparing time out of your busy schedule to visit us.
做ᆊ䕝˖៥гᛳࠄᕜ㤷ᑌDŽℸ䆓ढЏ㽕ᰃࡼЁ㕢ϸϾ⦃๗ֱᡸǃ䰡Ԣᥦᬒ ᮄ㛑⑤Ϟⱘড়DŽᒋᯢᮃᢹ᳝ߎ㡆ⱘᡔᴃѻકˈ㛑থ䞡㽕⫼DŽ
Factory Leader: We all know about the Green Diplomacy between China and America. And we hope to make due contribution with our green technologies to help government and society solve certain environmental issues.
做ᆊ䕝˖៥ᇍԴӀ᳔ܜ䖯ⱘ⏙⋕থࡼᴎᡔᴃᕜᛳ݈䍷DŽ៥㾝ᕫˈ㕢Ꮖ㒣㹿≑䔺ᥦᬒ ⱘሒ⇨Ϲ䞡∵ᶧњˈϡᑌⱘᰃˈЁгℹ㕢ⱘৢᇬˈ≑䔺ⱘ᮹䫔䞣䖒ࠄ᭄ϛ䕚DŽ៥Ӏ ᕫ䞛প㸠ࡼњDŽ
Factory Leader: Our clean engine can reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides and particles, with different models for various vehicles. We'll show you its installation and performance later.
做ᆊ䕝˖དњDŽᏠᳯᡔᴃҎਬ㛑៥䖭Ͼ㸠㾷䞞⏙Ἦˈ᳔䞡㽕ⱘᰃˈϡ㛑䆆 ᴖњDŽ
Factory Leader: What a sense of humor! We are taking you to the technology showroom presently where technicians will install a Euro IV clean engine onto a hybrid bus and explain to you the improvement in reducing emission and energy consumption.
Dialogue 2:
Secretary Liu: Mr. Smith, we are very happy that you and your delegation could visit China. ᆚᮃܜ⫳˖䇶䇶DŽ៥䴲ᐌ㤷ᑌ䖭Мⷁⱘᯊ䯈䞠㛑ݡᴹࠄЁDŽ៥ᛇ䖭ℷདሩ ⼎њЁП䯈ⱘᆚߛ݇㋏DŽ䇶䇶ᙼⱘⲯᚙ䙔䇋䖢DŽ
Secretary Liu: Exactly. China has carried out extensive cooperation with countries in the world since the reform and opening-up in 1978. Sino-European cooperation has become more and more important since China's entry into the WTO.
ᆚᮃܜ⫳˖ⱘ⹂བℸDŽЁϢ⌆ᆊ㒣⌢ǃᬓ⊏乚ඳⱘড়Ꮖ㒣䖒ࠄњࠡ᠔᳝ ⱘ䰊↉DŽⲳЎϔϾ䰙㒘㒛ˈӮՓ⌆ܙߚথ݊┰ˈ៤Ў䰙⼒ӮЁⱘ〇ᅮ㋴DŽ
Secretary Liu: You made a very good point. Nowadays, there is increasing recognition that Europe could play an even greater role in the interest of international peace and security and of global prosperity. The active participation of the EU in the international arena like the Middle East affairs contributes a lot to the stability of the world.
ᆚᮃܜ⫳˖Ѯ⌆ৠḋ䰙џࡵЁথⴔ䍞ᴹ䍞䞡㽕ⱘ⫼DŽҢ 20 Ϫ㑾 80 ᑈҷ䍋ˈ Ѯ⌆䖙䗳㐕㤷থሩDŽЁ䖛এⱘ᭄कᑈ䞠ҹ݊ᰒ㨫ⱘ៤ህᓩ䍋њܼ⧗ⱘⳂDŽ
WĂƌƚ///͗WĂƐƐĂŐĞ/ŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƚŝŽŶ
Passage 1: 㕢ᘏ㒳༹Ꮘ偀ᇍ㣅ཇ⥟ӞБ㥢ⱑѠϪ䪏⽻ᑚⱘ㟈䕲 2012ᑈ 6 ᳜ 5 ᮹ ཇ⥟䰯ϟ˖ 䖭䪏⽻Пᑈⱘग़ᯊࠏˈ㉇ℛᇨ៥ᙼǃ᠔᳝ⱘ㣅Ҏҹঞ㣅㘨䙺ⱘ៤ਬ㸼䖒 㕢Ҏ⇥ⱘ㹋ᖗ⼱䌎DŽ᮴䆎ѝ䖬ᰃᑇᯊᳳˈ᮴䆎ᆠ㺩䖬ᰃ㡄㢺ቕ᳜ˈ㕢㣅ϔⳈ᳝ⴔ݅ৠⱘ⡍⅞ ݇㋏ˈ៥Ӏϔ䍋ᑊ㙽ࠡˈ݅ৠ䴶ᇍϪ⬠㣗ೈݙⱘ⾡ᎼᣥDŽ ग़㒣ԡᘏ㒳佪Ⳍⱘ䕂ᤶˈ䰯ϟⱘ㒳⊏ϔབ᮶ᕔDŽབএᑈ៥ⱑ䞥∝ᅿ᠔䇈ˈ䰯ϟ ℷᰃ៥Ӏϸ㘨ⲳⱘⳳᅲ㾕䆕䞣⑤⊝DŽЎϔϾമᅮⱘⲳটǃᖴᅲⱘ᳟টᄰᄰϡ ⱘ乚ᇐ㗙ˈ䰯ϟЎ៥Ӏᷥゟњⶶᖫϡ⏱ⱘܝ䕝㣗DŽ ᔧ៥Ӏ݅ৠᨎЎϟϔҷᠧ䗴ࡴ㕢དⱘᴹПᯊˈ៥Ӏ୰ഄ䅸䆚ࠄˈϸП䯈ⱘ 㘨㋏ᇍѢϸЗ㟇Ϫ⬠ҡ✊㟇݇䞡㽕DŽ Ўњᑚ⼱ᙼԡ䖭ϡᑇⱘ݁कᑈˈᭈϾ㣅㘨䙺҂䍋गϛᑻ䪏⽻ⱘֵᷛDŽ⼱ཇ⥟䰯ϟ ⱘ⥟ݴᴹⱘቕ᳜䞠∌ᬒܝ㡦DŽ Passage 2:
Work Together for a Bright Future of Mutual Benefit and Common Development üSpeech by H.E. Hu Jintao
President of the People's Republic of China At the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum 2011
St. Petersburg, 17 June 2011 Your Excellency President Dmitry Medvedev,
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,
It gives me great pleasure to be here in the beautiful northern capital of Russia for the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) 2011. Let me begin by offering my hearty congratulations on the opening of the Forum.
Since its launch in 1997, SPIEF has grown into an important platform for discussions on economic development in Russia and beyond. Attracting outstanding representatives of different sectors, it has enjoyed rising global influence. In the past 15 years, SPIEF has witnessed the sustained and fast growth of the Russian economy and contributed to international economic exchanges and cooperation. We applaud the positive role SPIEF has played over the years.
Our world is experiencing major development, transformation and adjustment. There is a stronger call for peace, development and cooperation among the people. The trend towards a multi-polar world and economic globalization is gaining momentum. Economies around the world are becoming increasingly inter-dependent. Emerging markets and developing countries are growing rapidly, and regional economic cooperation is making robust progress. Science and technology is on the eve of new breakthroughs, and the global economic order is undergoing profound changes. Even with all these positive developments, however, we should not lose sight of the potential risks. More than two years after the international financial crisis, the world economic recovery remains slow and fragile. The underlying impacts of the crisis are still with us, and the outlook of the world economy is uncertain. In addition, international and regional hotspot issues keep flaring up, uneven development between the North and the South is more acute, and
protectionism of various forms is resurfacing. There are a range of new global challenges such as climate change, energy security and food security that threaten the very survival and development of mankind.
China will take an active part in discussing and resolving major issues in the world economic development, and work with all other countries to meet the various challenges.
WĂƌƚ/s͗^ƵƉƉůĞŵĞŶƚƐ
Dialogue 1:
Mayor˖Welcome! Minister Day. Please allow me again, on behalf of the municipal government to extend our warmest welcome to you and all the delegates of the trade mission. How is your journey?
᠈䚼䭓˖ⱘ⹂ᰃᕜ䭓ⱘϔ↉ᮙDŽԚᰃ亲㸠ᕜ乎߽ˈ亲ᴎϞⱘ᳡ࡵгकߚẦDŽ
Mayor˖Minister Day, is it your first time to China? Have you ever heard of Shenyang before?
᠈䚼䭓˖៥᳒㒣ᴹ䖛≜䰇ϔˈԚᰃ䙷Ꮖ㒣ᰃ 20 ᑈࠡⱘџᚙњˈᔧᯊЁ߮߮ᓔྟᬍ 䴽ᓔᬒDŽ៥থ⦄ˈ䖛এⱘ 20 ᑈЁˈ≜䰇Ꮖ㒣থ⫳њ㗏㽚ഄⱘব࣪DŽ
Mayor˖Indeed. Great changes have taken place in the whole country ever since the reform and opening-up. We are much honored to be the first stop of your visit.
᠈䚼䭓˖䇶䇶ᙼDŽ≜䰇ᏖথሩᕜᖿˈᰃЁϰ࣫䚼᳔䞡㽕ⱘ㒣⌢ǃ᭛࣪ǃѸ䗮䌌ᯧ ЁᖗDŽ䗮䖛খ㾖≜䰇ˈ៥ӀᏠᳯ㛑њ㾷Ёϰ࣫Ꮦഎⱘ䖥ᳳথሩᴹ䍟DŽ
Mayor˖Definitely. If you review the development trend of the city, you will see that Shenyang's GDP has remained a rapid growth for the past 20 years. We are very optimistic about the economic growth of this year.
Dialogue 2:
Official of SHIP˖Dear delegates from the circle of science and technology in the U.K., welcome to Shenzhen Hi-tech Industrial Park. I'll brief you on our features today.
㣅ᮍҷ㸼˖དњDŽ㱑✊ᴹПࠡخњѯⷨおˈ៥Ӏ䖬ᰃᛇ䖯ϔℹњ㾷⾥ᡔುˈ䖭ܓ亢 ᱃བ⬏ˈ᳝ϡᇥ⦄ҷᓎㄥDŽᇍњˈҟ㒡ᯊ៥Ӏ㛑ᠧᮁᙼˈ䯂ѯ䯂乬৫˛
Official of SHIP: Sure, I don't mind. Our architecture is unique in style and we value environmental protection in that. To us, technology should serve the best interests of environment and beautify it.
㣅ᮍҷ㸼˖䴲ᐌৠᛣDŽབᵰᡔᴃাᰃ⫼ᴹ⸈ണഄ⧗⦃๗ˈ䙷䖬ϡབϡ㽕DŽ Official of SHIP: What interests do you have in SHIP?
㣅ᮍҷ㸼˖៥ⶹ䘧催ᮄऎᢹ᳝ϔᡍЁৡ᷵DŽᬭ㚆ࡴ催⾥ᡔˈ⹂ᅲᰃᅠ㕢ⱘ㒘ড়DŽϡ 䖛៥᳝ϾԢ㑻䯂乬˖䖭ѯᄺાܓ˛ԴӀৃ≵䙷Мഄᮍᆍ㒇䖭ѯᄺଞDŽ
renowned colleges and universities in China and abroad. During these years we've produced tens of thousands of high-level graduates and successfully industrialized research results.
㣅ᮍҷ㸼˖䲒ᗾ៥ϔϾ䛑㾕ϡⴔDŽ䖭⾡ᮍᓣϡ䋳催⾥ᡔⱘ㕢ৡˈҹᡔᴃᴹ䎼䍞ഄඳⱘ Ꮒ䎱DŽ
Official of SHIP: Besides, SHIP also holds a large group of R&D centers of famous Chinese and international corporations and universities. Some corporations spend more than 10% of their turnover on R&D. In this way, a regional innovation system integrating industries, universities and research institutes is shaped.
㣅ᮍҷ㸼˖㣅ˈѻǃᄺǃⷨ㒧ড়гᏺᴹњᎼ៤ᵰˈᬓᑰг㒭ќᕜᬃᣕDŽ Passage 1: 㕢ࡵ॓ܟᵫ乓䖢ࡃЏᐁд䖥ᑇजᆈϞⱘ䆆䆱 ਥڳڳၝ·ࠍੜ·ؖइࢸॿද 2012ભ 2 ၥ 14 ఐ 䴲ᐌᛳ䇶ԡDŽ䇋ህᑻDŽᕜ㤷ᑌҞϟज㛑᳝ᴎӮ䖢ᆊܝЈࡵ䰶DŽᢰⱏࡃᘏ㒳 ↣ᴹ䖭䞠䛑䅽៥Ӏᛳࠄ催݈DŽ៥Ӏ⡍߿催݈ⱘᰃҞ᳝ϔԡ䌉ᆒDŽ៥⡍߿㽕㸼ᡀ㫵ᯢᯞˈ 䖭ԡᠡⱘॼᏜᮑሩЁ㽓ড়⩻ⱘ⛍䇗ᡔᴃˈЎ៥ӀޚњϔḠ㕢ੇⱘजᆈDŽ˄ᥠໄ˅ Ҟᑈᰃሐܟᵒᘏ㒳ᇍЁ䖯㸠ग़ᗻ䆓䯂ⱘ 40 ਼ᑈDŽ៥Ӏᛳࠄकߚ催݈ⱘᰃˈ䕯Ḑ मҞ៥Ӏϔ䍋DŽᔧᑈҪ਼ᘽᴹϔ䘧ˈЎᬍব៥Ӏϸ݇㋏থњ݇䬂ᗻ⫼DŽ Ҟˈ㕢Ёⱘড়ᇍѢ㾷އ៥Ӏ䴶Јⱘ䇌Ậᣥᖙϡৃᇥˈ䖭ѯᣥࣙᣀࠊℶ Ḍᠽᬷǃᑨᇍ⇨ব࣪ǃ䖯ܼ⧗㒣⌢ᅝܼㄝDŽৃҹ䇈ˈݏ៤ড়ⱘдᛃᑊ䴲ᯧџˈ៥Ӏ ᳝䆌Ꮉ㽕خDŽԚᰃˈ៥Ӏঠᮍ䛑ᡓ䇎ᓎゟϔϾ䭓ᳳѦֵḚᶊˈҹᬃᣕҞৢ 40 ᑈЗ㟇 Й䖰ⱘᴹֱᣕড়ӭԈ݇㋏DŽ 25ᑈࠡˈд䖥ᑇࡃЏᐁ䗮䖛ϔϾѸ⌕乍Ⳃ佪䆓䯂㕢ˈҪএњ㡒༹⪺ᎲDŽҪᯢ㽕 এ䙷䞠ⳟᳯϔѯ㗕᳟টDŽҪⱘ䙷䆓䯂ߌᰒњ៥ӀϸҎ⇥П䯈ⱘ㘨㋏ⱘ䞡㽕ᗻDŽℸˈ ៥ӀᬃᣕĀकϛ⬭ᄺ⫳䅵ߦāঞ㉏Ԑ乍Ⳃˈᡞ㕢ᄺ⫳䗕ࠄЁএᄺдˈᑊᓔሩ ⇥䯈Ѹᕔ⌏ࡼDŽ ℸˈ䴲ᐌ催݈䖢дࡃЏᐁˈᑊᑚ⼱៥ӀϸᬓᑰҎ⇥П䯈ⱘট䇞㒑ᏺDŽ⦄ˈ ៥ᵕЎ㤷ᑌഄ䇋ᢰⱏࡃᘏ㒳䆆䆱DŽ˄ᥠໄ˅ Passage 2:
Remarks in an Exchange of Toasts at State Dinner by H.E. Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China
State Dining Room, White House, Washington January 19, 2011
President Obama and Mrs. Obama, Distinguished guests,
Dear friends,
Good evening. I am delighted to once again come to the United States and pay a state visit at the invitation of President Obama. Since setting foot on this beautiful land, we have received the gracious hospitality of the U.S. government and people. This evening President Obama is hosting this welcoming dinner for us, and has just made warm remarks. On behalf of my colleagues and in my own name, I want to express heartfelt thanks to President and Mrs. Obama and other American friends present today. I also wish to convey through you the best wishes of the Chinese people to the friendly American people and extend cordial greetings to people from various sectors of the United States who have given care and support to the growth of U.S.-China relations.
The purpose of my visit is to increase mutual trust, enhance friendship, deepen cooperation and advance the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relationship for the 21st century. In recent years, particularly over the past two years since President Obama took office, China-U.S. relations have made strong headway, thanks to the joint efforts of both sides. We have increased exchanges in cooperation in a wide range of areas, maintained close communication and coordination on major international and regional issues, and played a positive role in promoting peace, stability and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region and the whole world.
