高中職餐旅群學生國際教育指標建構之研究：層級分析法之應用 - 政大學術集成

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(1)5. 8. 立. 政治大. ‧ 國. 學 ‧. A Research on the Indicators Construction for International Education of Students of Tourism and Restaurant Department in High and Vocational Schools: An Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. 8. Ch. engchi. 108. i n U. 1. v.

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(3) 1980. 6. 3. 6. ( 1. 」. 政治大. 立. 0. ‧ 國. 學 4. 0. Nat. (15.6%). i. n. al. h. sit. io. 0. (29.0%). y. (36.9%). i. er. i. ‧. 4. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 40 (18.6%).

(4) Abstract Tourism is always considered as the most international business because tourists come from every corner of the world. From 1980s, tourism becomes an important business in Taiwanese industrial market. More and more departments were established in vocational schools, as well as tourism college in advance education. However, the researches focused on the international education among students in tourism and restaurant department in high and vocational schools are limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to construct indicators for international education of students of tourism and restaurant department in high and vocational schools.. 政治大 Following the Delphi method, ten experts including scholars’ expert in international 立. ‧ 國. 學. education, teachers and educational administrators from tourism related high schools were invited to have two Delphi rounds questionnaire. Based on the determined indicator system. ‧. and attributes, further surveys were conducted, in conjunction with analytic hierarchy process. sit. y. Nat. (AHP), to determine the priority weigh for each indicator.. n. al. er. io. There are: four criteria and 40 indicators for the indicators for international education of. i n U. v. students of tourism and restaurant department in high and vocational schools. In the order of. Ch. engchi. importance, they are (1) Affective (36.9%), (2) Cognitive (29.0%), (3) Psychomotor (18.6%) and (4) Support (15.6%). According to the findings, suggestions were provided to educational administration authorities to provide guidelines for promoting international education in tourism and restaurant department in high and vocational schools.. Keywords: high and vocational schools, tourism and restaurant department international education analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

(5) ............................................................................................................................................................ i ......................................................................................................................................................... iii .......................................................................................................................................................... iv. ............................................................................................................................... 1. P........................................................................................................... 7. A. ................................................................................................................... 9. ................................................................................................................. 11. 立. ............................................................................................................................. 13. 7. ..................................................................................... 19. y. sit. ............................................................................................. 28. al. n. io. ................................................................................................................. 15. Nat. ..................................................................................................... 13. ‧. 學. 7. 政治大. er. 7. ............................................................................................................................... 8. ‧ 國. 7. ....................................................................................................................................... 1. Ch. i n U. v. ............................................................................. 33. engchi. ................................................................................................................. 41. ............................................................................................................................. 41. ......................................................................................................... 43. ............................................................................................................................. 46. ............................................................................................................................. 50. ......................................................................................................... 54 ................................................................................................................. 61.

(6) . H. 7. 7. ................................................................................................. 61 ............................................................. 93. ........................................................................................................................... 106 ....................................................................................................................... 111. ................................................................................................................................... 111. ................................................................................................................................... 116. ............................................................................................................................................... 119 ................................................................................................................................... 125 ................................................................................................................................................... 125. 治政 7................................................................................................................................................... 126 大立 ................................................................................................................................................... 133. ‧ 國. 學. ................................................................................................................................................... 144. ‧. ................................................................................................................................................... 155. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(7) 2-1. .......................................................................................................... 17. 3-1. .................................................................................................................................. 42. 4-1. .......................................... 94. 4-2. .................................................................. 95. 4-3. .................................................................. 97. 4-4. .................................................................. 98. 4-5. ........................................................ 100. 4-6. .................................... 103. 4-7. 政治大........................................................ 106. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(8) 2-1. .......................................................................................................... 39. 3-1. .................................................................................................. 45. 0. 3-2 AHP. ......................................................................................................................... 48. 4-1. p. .......................................................................................... 70. 4-2. .............................................................................. 74. 4-3. .............................................................................. 75. 4-4. .............................................................................. 77. 4-5. ...................................................................... 79. 4-6. p. 4-7. 7. 4-12. ....................................................................... 94. al. ........................................................................ 95. n. 4-14. io. 4-13. ........................................................................................ 90. p. y. 4-11. .................................................................... 88. ‧. 7. Nat. 4-10. .............................................................................. 87. sit. 7. .............................................................................. 85. er. 4-9. 立. ‧ 國. 7. 治政 .............................................................................. 84 大學. 4-8. .......................................................................................... 80. Ch. i n U. v. 96 e n g c........................................................................ hi. 4-15. ........................................................................ 98. 4-16. ................................................................ 99. 4-17. ..................................... 100. 4-18. ..................................................................... 104. 5-1. ........................................................................................ 111. 5-2. ................................................................................ 114.

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(76) 1. (. ). 4-8. p. 1. ). 4-9 1.. 0. 4-11. 立. 1.. ‧ 國. 4-12. p. io. 1.. p. e. al. n. (2) 1. (. ). 4-13. p. 4-15. ‧. ). Nat. (. 政治 p大. 學. 2.. e. y. ). p. p. sit. (. 0. er. (. Ch. e n g cph i. i n U. v. e. h. p. 1.. p. h. 2.. p. h. e. e.

(77) 3.. 1. 4.. ) 1.. h. p. p. h. 2.. 4-15. 3.. 1. ‧ 國 io. sit. y. Nat. ). 政治大. ‧. 5.. 立. e. 學. 4.. (. 4-16. ?. n. al. er. (. ?. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. p. p. p. p 0. p.

(78) h0. 0. 0. 0. 0 48. p 15. 立. 1-5.. ‧ 國. 1-3.. al. 1-4.. Ch. engchi. i n 1-5. U. 1-6.. 1-6.. 1-7.. 1-7.. 1-8.. y. 1-2.. n. 1-4.. io. 1-3.. 2. 1-1.. Nat. 1-2.. 政治大. ‧. 1-1.. 8. 學. 4-1. 40. sit. 25. p. er. 4-1. 1-8.. 1-9.. 1-9.. 1-10.. 1-10.. 2-1.. 2-1.. 2-2.. 2-2.. 2-3.. 2-3.. v. 2. p.

(79) 4-1 2-4.. 2-4. 2. 2-5.. 2-5.. 2-6.. 2-6.. 2-7.. 2-7.. 2-8.. 2-8.. 2-9.. 2-9.. 2-10.. 2-10.. 3-1.. 立. 3-2.. 3-9.. 3-10.. y 3-6.. al. 3-7.. n. 3-8.. io. 3-7.. 3-5.. Nat. 3-6.. ). sit. 3-5.. (. ‧. ). 3-4.. Ch. engchi. er. (. 3-3.. ‧ 國. 3-4.. 3-2.. 學. 3-3.. 政治 3-1. 大. i n 3-8. U 3-9. 3-10.. 3-11.. 3-11.. 3-12.. 3-12.. 4-1.. 4-1.. 4-2.. 4-2.. v.

(80) 4-1. 4-3.. 4-3. 4-4.. 4-4.. 4-5.. 4-5.. 4-6.. 4-6.. 4-7.. 4-7.. 4-8.. 4-8.. 4-9.. al. sit. 4-15.. y. 4-14.. 4-16.. n. 4-16.. 4-13.. io. 4-15.. 4-12.. Nat. 4-14.. 4-11.. er. 4-13.. 2. ‧. 4-12.. ‧ 國. 4-11.. 4-10.. 學. 4-10.. 立. 政治 4-9. 大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 2.

(81) p. 0 h0. p. 7. p 4. 10. 政治大 0. 立. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ). al. n 41-90 9. Ch. 0.5( Q > 0.5 ) 1- 8 1- 8. 1-9. 。. 0. engchi. 《. y. 0. sit. 41-90. er. io. 5(Mo = 5). Nat. 4-2. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 1.. 40. 0. v 1i ( SD ≤ 1.0 ) n U. 1-8. 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). 1-9 n. 7. 0. 。. 1-.

(82) 4-2 M. SD. Mo. Q. 4.6. 0.70. 5. 0.38. 4.7. 0.48. 5. 0.38. 1-3.. 4.5. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 1-4.. 4.8. 0.42. 5. 0.00. 0.52. 5. 0.50. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 4.3. 0.82. ‧. 5. 0.50. 4.1. 0.88. 5. 0.88. 1.18. 4. 0.88. 0.99. 5. 0.50. 1-1. 2. 1-5.. Nat. 1-8.. io. 1-9.. al. n. 1-10.. 3.5. y. 1-7.. 4.6. sit. 1-6.. 學. ‧ 國. 立. 政治大 4.6. er. 1-2.. i 4.1 n Ch engchi U. 2. p. 3.. v.

(83) 7 10. 0. 1. 4-3. 0. 。 n. 7. ‧. ‧ 國. 。. 1. 0. 學. 2-10. io. sit. y. Nat. 4-3. 42-7 2-100 政治大 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). 立. 2-7. 0. 0. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ). 42-10. ( SD ≤ 1.0 ). 2-100. al. v ni. SD. Mo. Q. 4.8. 0.42. 5. 0.00. 2-2.. 4.8. 0.42. 5. 0.00. 2-3.. 4.6. 0.70. 5. 0.38. 2-4.. 4.6. 0.70. 5. 0.38. 2-5.. 4.3. 0.71. 5. 0.50. 2-6.. 4.9. 0.32. 5. 0.00. n. M. er. 5(Mo = 5). 42-9. 2-1.. Ch. engchi U.

(84) 4-3 2-7.. 4.1. 1.27. 5. 0.50. 2-8.. 4.6. 0.70. 5. 0.38. 2-9.. 4.1. 0.74. 4. 0.38. 2-10.. 3.5. 1.27. 4. 0.50. 2. p. 立. 3.. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat 10. Ch. 0. engchi. i n U. v. 3-6. 3-80. 1. 4-4 0. 43-4 5(Mo = 5). 4. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ) 43-7. 0.

(85) 1 ( SD ≤ 1.0 );. 43-7. 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). 0. 。. 4-4 M. SD. Mo. Q. 3-1.. 4.9. 0.32. 5. 0.00. 3-2.. 4.4. 0.73. 5. 0.50. 0.84. 5. 0.50. 4. 0.50. 0.50. 3-3.. 立. (. 3-8. 3-9.. 5. 4.1. 0.74. 4. 0.38. 1.10. 5. 0.88. 0.63. 4. 0.38. 4.6. 0.52. 5. 0.50. 4.6. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 4.1. n. al. 0.70. y. io. 3-7.. 4.4. Ch. sit. Nat. 3-6.. 0.53. ‧. 3-5.. 4.5. er. ). 學. ‧ 國. 3-4.. 政治 4.4大. n U engchi 4.2. iv. 3-10.. 2. p.

(86) 3.. 10. 0. 1.. 4-8. 5(Mo = 5). 4-90. 4. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ). ‧ 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). y. 3. io. sit. 1 ( SD ≤ 1.0 ). n. al. er. Nat. 0. ‧ 國. 0. 4-7. 44-4. 學. 4-5. 立. 政治大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 。.

(87) 4-5 M. SD. Mo. Q. 4.8. 0.42. 5. 0.00. 4.5. 0.71. 5. 0.50. 0.48. 5. 0.38. 4. 0.50. 0.50. 0.52. 0.50. 0.52. 4. 0.50. 4.3. 0.67. 4. 0.50. 4-9.. 4.3. 0.67. 4. 0.50. 4-10.. 4.5. 0.85. 5. 0.38. 4-1.. 4-2.. 4-3.. 立. 政治大 4.7. ‧ 國. 學 y. 5. 4.6. 5. n. al. 4.2. sit. io. 4-6. 4-7. 4-8.. 0.52. ‧. Nat. 4-5.. 4.4. Ch. i n U. 4.4. engchi. 0.79. er. 4-4.. v. 2. p.

(88) 3.. p. p. 立. 0. p. 政治大. 1-4. 1-5. 1-6. 1-7. 1-8.. sit. n. 1-3.. al. er. io. 1-2.. y. Nat. 1-1. 2. Ch. engchi. i n U. 4 。. ‧. 4-6. 4-6. 學. ‧ 國. 40. p. v.

(89) 4-6 1-9. 1-10. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5.. 立. 2-6.. 2-8. 2-9.. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 2-7.. 政治大. sit. n. al. er. io. 3-1.. y. Nat. 2-10.. 3-2.. Ch. engchi. 3-3. 3-4. 3-5. 3-6. 3-7. 3-8.. (. ). i n U. v.

(90) 4-6 3-9. 3-10. 4-1. 4-2.. 4-3. 4-4. 4-5.. 立. 4-6.. ‧ 國. y. sit. n. al. er. io. 4-10.. Nat. 4-9.. ‧. 4-8.. 學. 4-7.. 政治大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(91) 7. p. 7. 0. h0. p. 7. p 4. 立. 10. ‧ 國 n. al. 1.0 ). 0. 1-9. 1-100. sit. 1-8. 4. 《. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ). er. io. 5(Mo = 5). 41-7. y. ‧. Nat. 4-7 0. 政治大 0. 學. 1.. 40. Ch. engchi. 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). iv n U 0 。. 1 ( SD ≤.

(92) 4-7 M. SD. Mo. Q. 5.0. 0.00. 5. 0.00. 4.9. 0.32. 5. 0.00. 1-3.. 4.7. 0.48. 5. 0.38. 1-4.. 5.0. 0.00. 5. 0.00. 0.42. 5. 0.00. 0.63. 5. 0.00. 4.4. 0.52. 4. 0.50. 4.2. 0.63. 4. 0.38. 0.67. 4. 0.50. 0.52. 4. 0.50. 1-1. 2. 1-5.. io. 1-9.. 4.3. al. n. 1-10.. Ch. y. Nat. 1-8.. ‧. 1-7.. 4.8. sit. 1-6.. 學. ‧ 國. 立. 政治大 4.8. er. 1-2.. i n U. 4.4. engchi. 2. p. 3.. v.

(93) 7 10. 0. 1. 4-8. 42-5. 5(Mo = 5). 4. 《. 0. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ) 0 。. 立. 1 ( SD ≤ 1.0 ) 政治大. 0. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 Q. 5. 0.00. v 0.32. 5. 0.00. e n g c h i5.0. 0.00. 5. 0.00. 2-4.. 5.0. 0.00. 5. 0.00. 2-5.. 4.4. 0.52. 4. 0.50. 2-6.. 5.0. 0.00. 5. 0.00. 2-7.. 4.6. 0.52. 5. 0.50. 2-8.. 4.9. 0.32. 5. 0.00. 2-9.. 4.4. 0.52. 4. 0.50. 5.0. y. SD. Ch. 4.9. 0.00. er. al. n. 2-3.. io. 2-2.. Nat. Mo. 2-1.. M. sit. 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). 4-8. 2-90. i n U.

(94) 4-8 2-10.. 4.5. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 2. p. 3.. 10. 0. 學. ‧ 國. 立. 政治大. ‧ sit 43-70. n. 5(Mo = 5). Ch. engchi U. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ) 0. 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). al. 。. er. io. 4-9. y. Nat. 1.. v ni. 1 ( SD ≤ 1.0 ). 4. 《. 0. 0.

(95) M. SD. Mo. Q. 3-1.. 5.0. 0.00. 5. 0.00. 3-2.. 4.9. 0.32. 5. 0.00. 3-3.. 4.5. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 5.0. 0.00. 5. 0.00. 0.52. 5. 0.50. 0.95. 5. 0.50. 4.3. 0.67. 4. 0.50. 4.4. 0.70. 5. 0.50. 5.0. sit. 4-9. 5. 0.00. 5. 0.00. (. ). 立. 3-5.. ‧ 國. 3-9.. y. Nat. 3-8.. 4.3. io. al. n. 3-10.. ‧. 3-7.. 學. 3-6.. 政治大 4.6. 0.00. er. 3-4.. i n Ch e n g c h i5.0U. 2. p. 3.. v. 0.00.

(96) 10. 0. 1. 4-10. 5(Mo = 5). 0. 4 ( M ≥ 4.0 ) 1 ( SD ≤ 1.0 ). 0. 立. 。. Nat. n. al. SD. Mo. Q. 0.63. 5. 0.00. 4.9. 0.32. 5. 0.00. 4.7. 0.48. 5. 0.38. 4.8. 0.42. 5. 0.00. sit. M. er. io. 4-1.. y. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 4-10. 0.5( Q ≤ 0.5 ). 0 政治大. i n Ch e n g c h i4.8U. v. 4-2.. 4-3.. 4-4..

(97) 4-10. 4-5.. 4.5. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 4-6.. 4.9. 0.32. 5. 0.00. 4-7.. 4.5. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 4-8.. 4.5. 0.53. 5. 0.50. 4-9.. 4.7. 0.48. 5. 0.38. 4.7. 0.48. 5. 0.38. 4-10.. 政治大. 立. 2.. ‧ 國. 學 ‧. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. 3.. p. 7. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. p. 7 p. p 7. p 4-11. 4.

(98) 40. 0 0. 4-11. 1-1. 2. 1-3.. 立. 1-10. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5.. y. sit. al. n. 1-9.. io. 1-8.. Nat. 1-7.. ‧. 1-6.. ‧ 國. 1-5.. 學. 1-4.. 政治大. er. 1-2.. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(99) 4-11 2-6. 2-7. 2-8. 2-9. 2-10. 3-1. 3-2.. 立. 3-3.. 3-10. 4-1. 4-2. 4-3. 4-4. 4-5.. sit. n. 3-9.. al. er. io. 3-8.. y. Nat. 3-7.. ‧. 3-6.. ). ‧ 國. 3-5.. (. 學. 3-4.. 政治大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(100) 4-11 4-6. 4-7. 4-8. 4-9. 4-10.. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(101) H. 7. h. e. 0 2. 0. 學. ‧ 國. i. ( inconsistency ratio index, I.R.) 0.1. Nat. io. 0. 0. al. n 100%. i. sit. 5. er. 0.1. ‧. inconsistency ratio index, O.I.I.). Ch. (overall. y. e. 治政 Expert Choice 2000 大立. engchi. i n U. 10. v. 4. (36.9%) (29.0%). 《 (18.6%). 0. i (15.6%). 10. 4-12. (36.9%).

(102) 4-12. 0. 立. 36.9%. 1. 18.6%. 3. 15.6%. 4. 政治大. ‧ 國. ‧ sit. y. Nat. 7. 2. 學. 4-1. 29.0%. io. n. al. er. 40. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 0 (17.8%). (15.2%) 0. (13.7%). (10.1%) (9.6%). 0 0. (11.4%) (10.0%) (5.3%).

(103) (4.0%). 0. (2.9%). p. 4-13. 0. 17.8%. 1. 15.2%. 2. 9.6%. 7. 11.4%. 4. 13.7%. 3. 10.1%. 5. 5.3%. 8. ‧. 4.0%. 9. y. 10.0%. 6. sit. 4-13. 2.9%. 10. 1-1. 2. 1-3. 1-4.. 立. 1-5.. 1-8.. io. 1-10.. Nat. 1-9.. ‧ 國. 1-7.. 學. 1-6.. 政治大. n. al. er. 1-2.. 4-2. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(104) (19.1%). (13.8%). (12.1%). (12.1%). (11.7%). ) (9.9%). 9i (8.5%). (4.5%) (3.7%). 60. (3.6%). 0. 政治大. 4-14. 立. 4-14. 19.1%. 1. 13.8%. y. 2. sit. ‧ 國. ‧. 4. 12.1%. al. er. io. 2-3.. Nat. 2-2.. 學. 2-1.. 3. 9.9%. 6. 2-6.. 11.7%. 5. 2-7.. 8.5%. 7. 2-8.. 3.7%. 9. 2-9.. 4.5%. 8. 2-10.. 3.6%. 10. 2-5.. n. v 13.1% i n. 2-4.. Ch. e n g c h i 9U.

(105) 4-3. 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 y. Nat. (13.7%). io. a l). 0!. n. (11.8%) 0 0. Ch. (13.7%). e n0 gchi. iv n (10.2%) U. ). (9.9%). (9.7%). (6.5%) 0. 4-15. (. sit. (13.8%). er. 0. 0 (4.4%). 0. (6.3%).

(106) 4-15. 3-1.. 13.8%. 1. 3-2.. 13.7%. 2. 3-3.. 11.8%. 4. 13.7%. 2. 10.2%. 5. 6.3%. 9. 9.7%. 7. 6.5%. 8. 4.4%. 10. 9.9%. 6. 3-4.. ( ). 3-5. 3-6. 3-7.. 立. 3-8.. ‧. ‧ 國. 3-10.. 學. 3-9.. 政治大. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. 4-4. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(107) (19.0%). 0 (15.8%) (12.7%) (12.1%). (9.2%). 0 (8.5%). (8.2%). (5.7%). ‧. Nat. io. sit. y. 15.8%. al. er. 4-1.. 學. 4-16. 立. 0. ‧ 國. (4.0%). 政治大(4.7%) 4-16. 2. 4. 12.7%. 3. 4-4.. 19.0%. 1. 4-5.. 8.2%. 7. 4-6.. 9.2%. 5. 4-7.. 4.7%. 9. 4-8.. 8.5%. 6. 4-9.. 5.7%. 8. 4-3.. n. 12.1%. 4-2.. Ch. engchi U 3. v ni.

(108) 4-16 4.0%. 4-10.. 立. sit. io. 0. al. n. 4-17. Ch. engchi U. v ni. %. %%. ) . 1. )% . .7. %. 40. 4-17. %. (. 3. y. 4. er. ‧ 國. ‧. Nat. Expert Choice. 政治大. 學. 4-5. 10. 4. (. (. (). ). ((.

(109) 4-17 1. .. (. %). 8. ). 2. (. .. -. %(. % 1. .. ((. % .. %% %. %. -. %. %. -. %(. %-. %). % 1. .. 立. (. ‧ 國. 學. (%. %. 政治大. 8. %-. sit. 1. -. ). %. 7. Ch. .3 .. 9.. engchi U. er. al. . %. %. %-. n. (. ). y. 3. io. ). Nat. .. %. ‧. .. (. ). v ni. %%. (. %. ). %. %. %) %( %. 6. %(. (. %. (). %. ( %. .. % %. %.

(110) 4-17 %. (. %. ). (-. -. %% (. -. (%. (. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(111) (L: .290). (L: .369). (L: .186). (L: .156). (L: .191) (L: .178) (L: .138) (L: .131) (L: .121). 立. 0.052 0.051 0.048 0.045 0.044. (L: .152) (L: .117) (L: .137) (L: .099) (L: .114) (L: .085) (L: .190) (L: .101) (L: .100) (L: .096) (L: .138). 0.043 0.04 0.037 0.033 0.031. 政治大. 0.026. …. ‧ 國. (. ). … (L: .118) (L: .127). n. y. sit er. io. 0.02 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.015. ‧. Nat. Ch. (L: .102) (L: .099) (L: .097) (L: .045) (L: .053) (L: .037) (L: .092) (L: .036) (L: .085) (L: .082) (L: .065) (L: .063) (L: .040) (L: .057) (L: .029) (L: .044) (L: .047) (L: .040). 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.022. 學. (L: .137). al. 0.03 0.029 0.029 0.028. n U engchi. iv. 0.014. 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.009 0.008 0.008. 0.007 0.006. 4-6 4-18 7. 4-6. 4-. 0.07.

(112) 4-18. 5.2%. 1-1.. 4.4%. 2. 1-2. 1-3.. 2.8%. 1-4.. 3.3%. 1-5.. 4.0%. 1-6.. 2.9%. 1-7.. 1.5%. 1-8. 1-9.. 立. 1-10.. y. sit. io. 2-6.. n. al. er. 2-5.. Nat. 2-4.. 2-7.. 7.0% 5.1%. ‧. 2-3.. 2.8% 0.8%. ‧ 國. 2-2.. 1.2%. 學. 2-1.. 政治大. 2-8.. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 4.5% 4.8% 3.7% 4.3% 3.1% 1.4%. 2-9.. 1.7%. 2-10.. 1.4%. 3-1.. 2.6%. 3-2.. 2.5%. 3-3.. 2.2%. 3-4.. (. ). 2.5%. 3-5.. 1.9%. 3-6.. 1.2%.

(113) 4-18 3-7.. 1.8%. 3-8.. 1.2%. 3-9.. 0.8%. 3-10.. 1.8%. 4-1.. 2.5%. 4-2.. 1.9%. 4-3.. 2.0%. 4-4. 4-5.. 立. 4-6.. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. 4-10.. 0.7% 1.3%. ‧. 4-9.. 1.4%. ‧ 國. 4-8.. 1.3%. 學. 4-7.. 3.0%. 政治大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 0.9% 0.6%.

(114) 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. 4-7. Ch. engchi. i 0 0. 7. i n U. v.

(115) 0. i. 0 4. 48. 10. p. 0 (1). 4 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. (2). n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. (3). 「. p. Cph. (4). engchi U 48. 8. 19. 7 (1). 0 4. 4. v ni. 「. 21.

(116) (2). 0. (3). 7. 0 4. 40. 0. 政治大4. 立 (29.0%). (36.9%). (15.6%). ‧ 國. ‧. 0. 40. io. 0. (1). i. al. n. 0. sit. y. Nat. 7. er. 7. (18.6%). 學. 。. i. i. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 0. ) 4. (2). 4.

(117) 0. (3). 0 0. 。. !. 4. 0. (4). 0. 0. 政治大. 立. (. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 (7.0%). n. al. 。. Ch. i n U. (5.1%). engchi. 0. er. io. sit. Nat. (5.2%). y. 40. 0. v. 3 3 ) 37. 3. 《.


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