1
(SM) B4 L9 You Kids Are All Alike
1. Gerunds 動名詞 V-ing
(文法書 CH 9)○1 定義：動名詞是指具有動詞性質的名詞，故具所有名詞的特質。
○2 用法：動名詞可當主詞(例 1)、動詞/介系詞的受詞(例 2-3)、主詞補語(例 4)。
例 1: Consuming too much greasy food is harmful to your health.
例 2: After he finished doing the domestic chores, he went out to do some shopping. 例 3: The clown is good at making people laugh, especially children.
例 4: Integrity is doing the right thing when no one is watching.
○1 有些動詞可接動名詞或不定詞，如 like, love, hate, prefer, start, begin, continue, bear。
○2 有些動詞必須接動名詞當受詞，如 enjoy, finish, mind, practice, deny, avoid, delay, consider,
postpone, prohibit, risk, resist, imagine, admit, suggest, quit, keep, involve, include。
○3 有些動詞接動名詞跟不定詞意義不同，如 stop, remember, forget, regret, try, mean。
例 5: Many people like beginning/to begin their day with a cup of fresh coffee. 例 6: He enjoys living in the quiet countryside instead of staying in the bustling city. 例 7: I regret lying to my father. (But I already did.) (後悔做過)
例 8: We regret to tell you a piece of bad news. (遺憾要去做)
○1 有些情形，動名詞可與不定詞互換，例如當主詞及當主詞補語時。
○2 但若主詞表示「目的」，通常使用不定詞。(例 11)
例 9: Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe.
例 10: These animal lovers’ main concern is preventing/to prevent animals from harm or danger. 例 11: To enter medical school is undoubtedly Kevin’s current goal.
2. that-clause as an “apposition”
that 引導名詞子句當同位語 (文法書 p. 186-188)○1 在此句型 that S + V 中，that 單純當連接詞用，無任何意義。
○2 that 子句可當主詞、主詞補語、受詞（置動詞後，不可當介系詞的受詞）。
○3 that 子句可當「同位語」，置於名詞之後，用以補充解釋該名詞，闡明實質內容，使語意
更清楚，前面名詞通常是想法、事實、理論等，常見的有belief, news, fact, idea, theory,
suggestion 等名詞後。
例1: We all know that we should do our best to protect the environment. (that 子句當受詞)
例2: That all men are created equal is a common belief in modern democracies. (that 子句當主詞)
例3: The problem is that we don’t have enough time to finish the project. (that 子句當主詞補語)
例4: The news that the superstar had been secretly married for years astounded everyone. (當同位語)
that 引導的名詞子句（that 非關代） vs. that 引導的形容詞子句（此時 that 為關代=which） 例5: The theory that only the fittest creatures will survive was proposed by Charles Darwin.
2
Exercise Complete the following blanks by filling proper words. [that; which; whether; what]
1. ______________ we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather.
2. ______________ he was unable to finish his study in college disappointed his parents.
3. The announcement ______________ school days would be postponed for two weeks astounded everyone.
4. ______________ bothers us is that he never answers our questions.
5. He lives in Keelung, ______________ is a large seaport, but he commutes to Taipei by car every day.
