偵測荔技露疫病菌之半選擇性培養基

全文

(1)12:27-32, 2003. 1. 1 2 3. 1. 2. [email protected] 92 1 15. 2. 1,3. +886-5-2773630. . 2003.. .. 12:27-32. 10% V-8 juice agar 25% (Prochloraz) E.C 43% (3% Kasugamycin + 40% Carbendazim) W.P. 200 ppm (PIKA ). AMP medium (10% V-8 juice agar. 23.7%. (Iprodione) F.P. 10 ppm ampicilin. 10% V-8 juice agar ampicilin mycostatin PCNB) 69. (6,8). Ko (AMP medium). (7,9). 2001. 11,859. 14 Colletotrichum. Fusarium. Rhizopus. (3). AMP. (1,2,5,6). (Peronophythora litchii Chen ex Ko et al) 1960 Phytophthora Tsao Phytophthora. 1983. 35 (10). LPL001. LPL002 5% CV-8. LPL007 juice agar (5% centrifuged V-8 juice agar: V-8 50 CaCO3 2 20 ) 25 12 106 sporangia/ml.

(2) 28. 12. 5% CV-8 juice agar. 1. 2003 1 mm3. 1.5. V-8 juice 30 ) 20 ml. 3. CaCO3. 0 PDA (potato dextrose agar) agar. ). 5% CV-8 juice. Prochloraz. (7,9). Fusarium. Rhizopus. 10. 50. 100 ppm a.i. 25. 3. AMP (ampicillin 0.1g,. mycostatin 0.05g, PCNB 0.01 g. 1. 26. (. ). Colletotrichum. Geotrichum Geotrichum sp. (4). ampicillin. 10% V-8 juice agar 0.12 ml. 96 LPL001. ampicillin Geotrichum. 1 ml 55. 24. 10% V-8 juice agar (. 100. 10 ppm. PIKA. 10% V-8juice. Table 1. The mycelial growth inhibition of Peronophythora litchii, Colletotrichum spp., Fusarium spp. and Rhizopus spp. on 10% V-8 juice agar ammended with test (10 ppm a.i.) chemical. Fungi. Peronophythora litchii. Colletotrichum spp.. Chemicals Prochloraz Iprodione 43% (Kasugamycin + Carbendazim) Ampicillin Bitertanil Bupirimate Carbendazim Chlorothalonil Ethirimol Fenarimol Flusilazol 81.3% Kasugamycin + Copper oxychloride) Mycostatin Ofurace PCNB Penconazole Pimaricin Polyoxins Procymidone Propiconazole Pyrifenox Rifampicin Thiabendazole Thiophanate-methyl Triadimefon Vinclozolin 1. 2.. 1. : mycelia growth not inhibited absolutely by test chemical : mycelia growth inhibited absolutely by test chemical. 2. Fusarium spp.. Rhizopus spp..

(3) 29. 48. PIKA (PIKA juice agar. AMP. ). 10% V-8. 25. PIKA. 10. PIKA Colletotrichum. Fusarium. Rhizopus. P. litchii. PIKA PIKA. 10% V-8 juice agar. V-8 juice. AMP. PIKA. AMP. 0.5 cm 10% V-8 juice agar. 10 25. 64%. AMP. 2. P. litchii. Fusarium. 7. 10% V-8 juice agar. PIKA AMP. PIKA ( 1 mm 3 PIKA. ). PIKA. 25. ( (. ). PIKA. ) 10 69. 2. 10% V-8 juice agar 10 ppm a.i.. P. litchii. Colletotrichum. Rhizopus Ofurance. PCNB. PIKA. Fusarium. 100 ppm a.i.. 26. Vinclozolin. P. litchii. 69. 100% 3. 50%. 100 ppm P. litchii. 69. 10 ppm. Colletotrichum. Fusarium. Rhizopus 96. 24 PIKA. Collectotrichum Fusarium. 21. P. litchii. Rhizopus (. PIKA. Colletotrichum. ). Fusarium. P. litchii. V-8 juice 100 ml PIKA. 30 55. 25%. (Prochloraz) E.C. 10 ppm a.i.. 23.7%. (Iprodione) F.P. 10 ppm a.i.. CV agar. 10% V-8 juice agar V-8 juice. 43%. (3% Kasugamycin + 40% Carbendazim) 10 ppm a.i. ampicillin 200 ppm. Rhizopus. Rhizopus. AMP Fusarium. Rhizopus. 5%.

(4) 30. 12. 1. 2003. PIKA 1A 1B L F R C Fig. 1. Comparison of inhibitory effect on contaminant fungi during isolating Peronophythora litchii between PIKA medium and 3 other kinds of media. 1B inoculation for 7 days L Peronophythora litchii 1A inoculation for 3 days F Fusarium spp. R Rhizopus sp. C Colletotrichum sp.. 7 Days after. 2 Days after. 10%V-8 Medium. AMP Medium. PIKA Medium. 10%V-8 Medium. AMP Medium. PIKA Medium. PIKA 10% V-8 juice agar AMP A1 B1 C1 D1: A2 B2 C2 D2: Fig. 2. The selectivity of isolation Peronophythora litchii on PIKA medium compared with 10% V-8 juice agar and AMP medium. A1, B1,C1 and D1: 2 days after isolation from litchi fruit debris, leaves, roots and soil in order. A2, B2,C2 and D2: 7 days after isolation from litchi fruit debris, leaves, roots and soil in order..

(5) 31. Fig. 3. The symptom of litchi downy blight on the young leaf inoculated with Peronophythora litchii.. PIKA Fig. 4. The colonies of Peronophythora litchii grown from artificially inoculated litchi young leaf tissue on PIKA medium 2 days after incubation.. PIKA ( Rhizopus. Fusarium. ). Colletotrichum. Prochloraz. Iprodione. 3% Kasugamycin + 40% Carbendazim ampicillin (. PIKA. 10 ppm ). Tsao. pimaricin. (10). mycostatin. polyene. Phytophthora. Phytophthora 35. 20 P. litchii Phytophthora polyene Tsao. (10). P. Phytophthora. litchii (. ) P. litchii PIKA. Pythium.

(6) 32. 12. 1 (. 2003. ) P. litchii. 1.. . 1992.. 2.. . 1982.. . .. 3. 10. 1. 4.. (. ). ). 69. 87 -04. 89. -6.2-. ). 8. 9-14. 5. Ann, P. J., and Ko, W. H. 1984. Blossom blight of litchi in Taiwan caused by Peronophythora litchii. Plant Dis. 68:826.. PIKA. -1.3-. 7:212 (. . 1999. .. (. 18:51-54. . 1998. .. 1998. . 550. -3 (6). -1.3-2 (3-12) 88. 6. Chen, C. C. 1961. A species of Peronophythora gen. nov. parasitic on litchi fruit in Taiwan. Special Publ. Coll. Agric., Natl. Taiwan Univ. 10:1-37. 7. Ho, H. H., Ann, P. J. and Chang, H. S. 1995. The Genus Phytophthora in Taiwan. Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica Monograph Series No. 15. Taipei, 86 pp. 8. Ko, W. H., Chang, H. S., Su, H. J., Chen, C.C. and Leu, L. S. 1978. Peronophythoraceae, a new family of Peronosporales. Mycologia 70: 380-384. 9. Ko, W. H., Chang, H. S. and Su, H. J. 1978. Isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi from Taiwan as evidence for an Asian origin of the species. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 71 496-497. 10. Tsao, P. H. 1983. Factors affecting isolation and quantitation of Phytophthora from soil. Page 219-236. in Phytophthora its Biology, Taxonomy, Ecology, and Pathology. D. C. Erwin, S. Bartmicki-Garcia and P. H. Tsao, eds. APS Press USA, 392 pp.. ABSTRACT Yang, H. R. 1, Ko, W. C. 1, Ann, P. J. 2, Tsai, J. R. 2 and Cheng, Y. H. 1,3 2003. A semi-selective medium for the isolation of litchi downy blight pathogen. Plant Pathol. Bull. 12:27-32. (1. Department of Plant Protection, Chiayi Agricultral Experiment Station, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Chiayi, 60014, Taiwan; 2. Department of Plant Pathology, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, 413, Taichung, Taiwan; 3. Corresponding author, E-mail:[email protected], Fax: +886-5-2773630) Semi-selective medium (PIKA medium) was developed for isolation of Peronophythora litchii which consists of 10 ppm a.i. each of 25% Prochloraz E.C., 23.7% Iprodione F.P., 3% Kasugamycin + 40% Carbendazim W.P and 200 ppm ampicilin in 10% V-8 juice agar. The medium was able to inhibit or delay the growth of various kinds of contaminants including of bacteria, Colletotrichum, Fusarium and Rhizopus commonly found on medium during isolation of P. litchii from litchi fruits debris, leaves, roots and soils. On PIKA medium, P. litchii developed discernible colonies with abundant sporangial production in 2 days. It was more selective than 10% V-8 juice agar or AMP medium (10% V-8 juice agar amended with ampicilin, mycostatin and PCNB) used for isolating Phytophthora. By using this medium, P. litchii was isolated from both diseased and symptomless leaf tissue within 69days after artificial inoculation. Key words: Peronophythora litchii, semi-selective medium, litchi downy blight.

(7)