研 究 論 文
台灣民眾對外來配偶移民政策的態度
陳志柔
中央研究院社會學研究所于德林
中央研究院社會學研究所 近年來，台灣社會迅速增加的大陸配偶和東南亞配偶，以及由此 而生的移民政策爭議及社會關懷，都引起政府及國人的注意。在經驗 層次上，本文企圖釐清哪些因素影響了民眾對外來配偶移民政策的態 度；在理論層次上，本文與國外有關移民態度的文獻對話，檢視台灣 經驗在多大程度上呼應了相關的理論命題，同時也參考台灣族群關係 的在地研究與理論命題，以便更適切地解釋相關的經驗現象。分析資 料來自 2004 年 6 月在台灣地區的電話訪問，主要發現包括：族群和 國家認同這兩個因素，都明顯影響了台灣民眾對於大陸配偶和東南亞 配偶取得公民權的態度；政黨支持和族群成見影響了給予大陸配偶公 民權的態度，但卻沒有影響給予東南亞配偶公民權的態度。由此可見 民眾對於社會政策的態度傾向，並不是受到階級利益或與異族接觸經 驗的影響，而是受到政黨動員與政治論述的影響。 關鍵詞：移民政策、大陸配偶／新娘、外籍配偶／新娘、移民態度 台灣社會學第十期，頁 95-148，2005 年 12 月出版。 收稿：2004 年 10 月 21 日；接受：2005 年 12 月 1 日。96 台灣社會學第十期
Public Attitudes toward Taiwan's Immigration Policies
Chih-jou Jay Chen
Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica
Te-lin Yu
Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica
This paper examines the social factors that influence individuals' atti-tudes toward Taiwan's immigration policies. Since the early 1990s, Taiwan has witnessed the number of its "bride immigrants," mainly from China and Vietnam, increase rapidly, thus drawing much attention and concern from policy makers and ordinary citizens. Based on data from a phone survey conducted in 2004, this paper finds (1) ethnicity and national identity both have significant effects on people's attitudes toward immigration policies for bride immigrants emanating from China and Southeast Asia; (2) party support and ethnic bias affect people's attitudes toward immigration policies for Chinese bride immigrants, but not for those from Southeast Asian coun-tries; and (3) social context and cross-group contacts have little effect on pe-ople's attitudes regarding this issue. This paper shows that pepe-ople's attitudes about social policies in Taiwan are shaped mainly by partisan competition and political rhetoric, instead of their economic self-interest and cross-group contacts.
Keywords: immigration policies, Chinese immigrants, Vietnamese immi-grants, public attitudes toward immigration
