成人依附的測量：成人世界中不同依附對象的測量差異與關連

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(1)the frequency tty consistent. lctices as less tions between !n and fathers. ween mothers )erceptions of uso examined. :atively related :ir perceptions vely related to lect parenting practices were ationship, and ~as positively ld relationship. tive parenting ing attribution lted to positive ~d to negative lcted to assess s perception of approximately ns of parenting ld (c) children' 1% of variances )rs for children' ained, though. :' perception of children's side, ship. Moreover, ture study. For 1 underestimate llyze perceptual , and father-son. I. on parenting,. tfJ.JC.,J!IHti~~fU. m=+~ (2007) ~-M. 31-5tl"!. ~Am~oom.:~Amw~~~m~fi. ~ OOiJt~ If it. ilm.fi!. ~$iR* ti1F1i: 13 rt-J :. ~~1!M. *tttfJ'GW:.l::t~lHlflM~jf~rtJCfH~~f;t~. 'Il~rtJ(~~}Ef;t~)~ J7-®filJlU :ltfflGA *~1 iI.*~ i¥J ~~jl1. , §fI5)(. ,. a ' ~'IW)WflA~. ' s]!*ffP.lGA *~1J't~tr®~W*~1. • • • ~'.Hffi~.:It~*~OO-.J't.i¥JIHl~tt'~&~m*mWflA~jf*mil. mWmT*~1i1.m~f§1Hl i1f1i:1.i5~ : liJfJ'Gf**~H185iS*~~ , ~'l:159A ' -9::'1:1125 A ' S¥~1f~*kJ19.95~ j;),BartholomewfflGA*~1~)(ra'i~{jj~liJfJ'GIJt ' ~w51:~=lf* :f[qJf;t~jlHJIMUJi ' s]!j;), -t::1J~}EWMDS5HJT i1f~~~ : 1.#~~}E:tt~i¥J*~1 mm M~Ua*Jt~~tt ; 2.J't.1~~*1it~3Z:ft ' fEI.~'IW*~1i1.t~W1~A~jt*~1i1.mJ7-®=lf5j 0. 0. 0. jjUWmT*1If1i1.mi¥J5j-~*a*1fIHl~. 0. i1f1i:~~. :. :E*1If1.:It~~+f;t~~f;t~tlPj;),~~. }Eti.::1J~_fi.:It'*1f~~:f~~*m.~i¥Jm~;mA~jt~i¥J:f~~*m.~. ~*wmTi¥J:f~~*m1fIHl'~mlHl~~i¥J~~*m.~~*~WmTi¥J~~*m1f rDl o 1iiI.~. : fflGA*1If1 '. P.lGA*~1J't~tr®~. , *1If1:tt~ , *1If1"'.fJ~. UR : l!mj'[i&tEl**{j'fIIl.**liJf~Ffitt±f~~A. (~gf\f'F1"f; ••11 : l!mj'[i&tEl**jc..'fIIl.**!iiU~t)'ZIi~:.c..'fIIl.jjjliflijcp{j':±f'f 0. 0. 1&m: 2004iF12fj30B ; ft~: 2006iFOlfjI9B'. E-mail: [email protected] ).

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(17) ~ij! tE W. x: £.U~. ~Jt1f -~'[j:. ~~ , fj!~1=rfJi "'At:;,',f:f:/.-~~m. :tFlb)efr~'IJ.t~ lin. B'. -NA~OO. .=EJHi(2000) : <M'~:&~l::tz::&. tiHJ'e). 0. {tp.$ifj~~¥rU. : A~~Ilf~J!l~~j~ja~ ,. ' sM ' ]:[1l7-201. ~'rwIm1*WIm1*d@!H!z. 0. filJW~(2000) : {*~§:'l¥Jffr±Wr1~;riWJtt§ImlZ9*ZUJfJ'e}. 0. ~JLI&15*~fJ(~tiHJ'epJT. UJ[±Wuy:"o ~~~Ilf~zAIj. ~ffi!~~Ilf~1¥J A. t~z~Ilf~J!l~. if'**~~(1999) : {jfj~*~§:'~IlfH~~WJt'tlJ;O~ , 'ri~N ' 'ri1=r~zfIM1*UJf~}. 1Ir'SJ:at gffi iB*~$ifj~UJf~PJTUJ[ ±. §lW. ~ PXA ~1lf~1¥J~ cfJi~tftpxA~ !.::::F:iUf;~-:t=:m 1!g:.Il~ 'FJ. R. J5C..J3<:. ~g~5t~~J!~. ~lfU Y:... 0. ~. 0. 1if5~1tsl(1994) : pf'[p]~Ilf~m~zpxAtEA~1LlbtpI¥JMlZ9~:~O PJT~j±Wuy:". ~tpPJJ;O '. ::. D. ~~)(~. ,. tpM(*~{,\~UJfJ'e. 0. 0. II*JlJJ!(2000) : {mnl~J§~Ilf~B'9:tz:*~§:'Z'rwf!~l,~tiH~}. Ie.\~ W$ifj~UJfJ'epJT~j ± ~lfU Y:... 0. mJL#Hf,[gffiiB~~jG~W. 0. ~T~~(1994) : {'[j:51U ' ~1lf~J!l~W§~j:I3& ' ~~ , ffiHlzIm1*} WtiJf~PJTuj±Wuy:". 0. ~JLI&15*~~. 0. Ji~~(199S) : Pf'[P]~Ilf~J!l~~~zIm1*M~ , ~~~IN~f!JJiiW~~~IN~~zt§ImUJf~}. 0. ~J'I~:m~~*~$ifj~UJf~PJTUJ[±Wuy:"°. ~J't.(2002) : (r 1m1*:±~ mj[j(::±*~. J :. ~lfU.AA~1L1b1m1*B'9~* ' *1jEdIHtJ1U~D. : Hf£ij!f~¥U::$:±) (]:[229-255). .~Jii(I94S) : G~~±tpm}. 0. ~m:. 0. 'E1~t. : JilJ:il.te~&Wt±. : ill/fiE. tE.. 0. 0. mJ'IA(I999) : {*~§:'I¥J~Ilf~J!lf~W~~l§K,zt§lmtiH~} :'Q: J:l§±'?A-rr 71"1-1..... , ilRUA. 0. 0. mJL~;1tgffiiB*~$ifj~~. 0. Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology, 61,226-244. Bartholomew, K., & Shaver, P. R. (199S). Method of assessing adult attachment: Do they converge? In J. A. Simpson, & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationship (pp.25-45). NY: The Guilford Press.. Berlin, L. J., & Cassidy, J. (2001). Enhancing early child-parent relationships: Implications of adult attachment research. Infant and Young Children, 14(2),64-76.. ~A*m~. ••. :~A~~~~~*mti.~. •• £A~I~. ~.

(18) Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models and relationship quality in dating couples, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 644-663.. Pinsof, W. M process. Duemmler, S. L., & Kobak, R. (2001). The development of commitment and attachment. Solomon, R.. in dating relationships: Attachment security as relationship construct. Journal of. Universi. Adolescence, 24,401-415.. Teyber, E. (2(. Feeney, J. A. (1999). Adult romantic attachment and couple relationships. In J. Cassidy & P.. Calif.: B. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical application. Weiss, R. S.. (pp.355-377). NY: The Guilford Press. Fraley, R.. c., & Waller, N. G. (1998). Adult attachment patterns: A test of the typological.. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationship (pp.77-114). NY: The Guilford Press. George,. c., Kaplan, N., & Main, M. (1985). An adult attachment interview: Interview. protocol. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley. Green, R. G., & Vosler, N. R. (1992). Issues in the assessment of family practice: An empirical study. Journal of Social Service Research, /5(3/4), 1-19. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 270-280. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1994). Attachment as an organizational framework for research on close relationships. Psychological Inquiry, 5(1),1-22. Johnson, S. M. (2003). Introduction to attachment: A therapist's guide to primary relationships and their renewal. In S. M. Johnson & V. E. Whiffen (Eds.), Attachment. processes in couple and family therapy (pp .3-17). NY: The Guilford Press. Johnson, S. M., & Whiffen, V. E. (2003). Attachment processes in couple andfamily therapy. NY: The Guilford Press. Lewis, M. (1994). Does attachment imply a relationship or multiple relationships?. Psychological Inquiry, 5(1), 47-51.. attachmt.

(19) relationship. j. ;8,644-663.. ld attachment. :t.. Journal of. Pinsof, W. M. (1992). Toward a scientific paradigm for family psychology: The integrative process systems perspective. Journal ofFamily Psychology, 5(3/4),432-447. Solomon, R. H. (1971). Mao's revolution and the Chinese political culture. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Teyber, E. (2000). Interpersonal process in psychotherapy: A relational approach. Belmont,. , Cassidy & P.. '11 application. Calif.: Brooks/Cole. Weiss, R. S. (1994). Is the attachment system of adults a development of Bowlby's attachment system of childhood? Psychological Inquiry, 5(1), 65-67.. e typological. relationship. ?. ?w: Interview. of California,. practice: An. lment process.. ·k for research. Ie to primary .), Attachment. s.. amily therapy.. elationships?. ~A~m~~.:~A~~~~~~mfi.~~.~.~I~. ~.

(20) The Measurement of Adult Attachment: Difference and Relation between the Different Objects in the Adult World SUNG-HSIEN SUN*, HUI-LAN HSIU. Purpose: Bartholomew has integrated Bowlby's theory of internal working models in a four category classification scheme. Four prototypical adult attachment styles were measured in this study, including secure, preoccupied, fearful, and dismissing attachment styles. However, in the past, most of adult attachment researches ignored the difference between with-specific-object and without-specific-object measures. Therefore, the past results of adult attachment category had been criticized their over-evaluated or under evaluated trend. This study attempted to compare the difference between the two ways of measuring the adult attachment styles: relationship character approach (with specific objects, e.g., father, mother, or a dating partner) and individual character approach (without specific objects). Based on the hypothetical continuum of adult attachment (Bartholomew & Shaver, 1998) and the model of attachment transfer processes (Hazan & Shaver, 1994), this study also tried to investigate the one-way continuum correlation between the results of the different measurements, and the correlation among the results from dating relationship attachment styles, individual attachment styles, and parental attachment styles. The figure of hypothetical continuum of adult attachment indicated that when appropriate comparisons were drawn, one would find considerable evidence for convergence across various measures of adult attachment. This study supposed that the results of the measurements of adult attachment category with specific objects would be different from the measurements of adult attachment category without specific objects. Besides, according to the model of attachment transfer processes, the results of category in parental attachment styles would be positive correlated with the results of category in dating relationship attachment styles, and the results of category in parental attachment styles would be also positive correlated with the results of category in personal attachment styles. Methods: The study sample consisted of 185 college students, including 59 males and 125 females, and their average age was. Sung-Hsien Sun: Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University. (Corresponding Author) Hui-Lan Hsiu: Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University.. 19.95 years. their parents. attachment SI Results: Fir: attachment Ci specific objec supported b) attachment st parental attac questions ah this study sUi specific-obj( object attach If one adult : relationship, way of meas (with specifi, attachment st with attachm style in persc attachment, : style in parer relationships. Key words:. i.

(21) ment: the. [)rld. lorking models styles were :ing attachment the difference 'efore, the past lated or under l the two ways (with specific )roach (without (Bartholomew Shaver, 1994), :n the results of ng relationship lIes. The figure te comparisons Lfious measures ments of adult ~asurements of ) the model of ;tyles would be lent styles, and correlated with mple consisted 'erage age was ~nt. 19.95 years. None of them were from single family, and 61.6% students were living with their parents. Bartholomew's paragraph-long description form was used to categorize adult attachment styles. In addition, we conducted chi-square test and MOS to analyze the data. Results: First, there were differences between the results of the measurements of adult attachment category with specific objects and the measurements of adult attachment without specific objects. Second, the hypothetical continuum of adult attachment measures was not supported by MOS. Finally, there were positive correlations between dating relationship attachment styles and parental attachment styles, and between personal attachment styles and parental attachment styles. Conclusions: The article concluded with a discussion of unclear questions about adult attachment that rose from various measurement perspectives. First, this study supported that insecure parental attachment would be over-evaluated if without specific-object measurement of attachment styles was used to measure with-specific object attachment styles. There is no 'best choice' between the two measured approaches. If one adult attachment research investigates specific situation (e.g., love relationship, peer relationship, mentor relationship, or parental relationship), the research will suggest that the way of measuring the adult attachment styles should use relationship character approach (with specific objects). Second, according to the model of attachment transfer processes, attachment style in personal character and in dating relationship were both positive correlate with attachment styles in parental relationships. More specifically, the insecure attachment style in personal character was positive related to the insecure attachment style in parental attachment, and the secure style in dating relationship was positive related to the secure style in parental attachment. In addition, implication for adult attachment measures in adult relationships was discussed. Research limitation was also explicated.. Key words: adult attachment, the hypothetical continuum of adult attachment measures, attachment objects, a model of attachment transfer processes. M)dR~tet)P,~ I:. : MA tlt Jf- ~::f ~ 1RMtf ~ et5P'~ I:'£~~ F!Jl J!. 51.

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