菸品健康福利捐對目前吸菸者之戒菸想法及吸菸行為變化之影響探討

菸品健康福利捐對目前吸菸者之戒菸想法及吸菸行為變化之影響探討 - 以台北市萬華區為例

 中文摘要

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根據世界衛生組織 2005 年的資料顯示，全球人口中有十三億人

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口吸菸，平均每年約有五百萬人口死於吸菸所引起的疾病，在台灣每年有超過一萬八千 八百人是死於和吸菸有關的疾病。吸菸不但增加疾病風險、減少生命、而且增加社會醫 療成本， 避免吸菸對健康的危害， 爲 95 年立法院通過菸害防制修正案，調漲菸品健康福 利捐。本研究之目的是以台北市萬華區里民為例探討在 2006 年 2 月三讀通過菸品健康福 利捐由 5 元調漲為 10 元後，其吸菸民眾是否會因菸品健康福利捐價格改變，提升吸菸民 眾之戒菸想法及改變吸菸行為。於 97 年 1 月至 3 月間，在台北市萬華區 36 里以每里 20 名目前吸菸民眾為研究對象，以問卷填寫方式，收集目前吸菸者之戒菸想法及吸菸行為 的變化情形，共計收集 720 份。本研究結果顯示：

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一、在菸品健康福利捐調漲後曾經嘗試戒菸者約二成五。三成以上減少每天吸菸支數，

及減少每日吸菸天數。另外三成七改變其購菸習慣，其中七成減少買菸量。二、高達八 成以上之目前吸菸者，知道菸品價格已內含菸品健康福利捐，以及菸品健康福利捐已調 漲 10 元。另外高達六成六之受訪者表示若繼續調漲菸品價格將考慮戒菸。三、有偶者在 菸品健康福利捐調漲後顯著減少吸菸支數；年紀較大者在菸品健康福利捐調漲後顯著減 少吸菸支數、吸菸天數及改變購菸習慣；好友沒有習慣吸菸者在菸品健康福利捐調漲後 顯著減少吸菸支數；低教育程度及無工作者在菸品健康福利捐調漲後顯著改變購菸習慣。

四、對目前菸品健康福利捐之認知不同，雖然目前之吸菸行為變化無顯著差異，但知道 菸品健康福利捐者，未來考慮改吸較便宜品牌的比例顯著較高。

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根據本研究提出下列建議：一、配合菸害防制法修案，繼續調漲

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菸稅價格。二、持續追蹤菸品價格對戒菸想法及吸菸行為變化之影響。三、未來研究對

象應包含已戒菸者對菸品健康福利捐的看法及對其戒菸的影響。

The Effect of Health Welfare Tax on Smoking Cessation Intention and Smoking Behavior among Smokes in Wanhwa, Taipai, Taiwan

 英文摘要

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According to the data shown by World Health Organization in 2005, there are 1,3oo,ooo,ooo smokers arou nd the world and about 5,000,000 people die of diseases caused by smoking. In Taiwan, more than 18800 p eople die of the diseases which are related to smoking. Smoking not only increases the risk of getting disea se and shortening life span but also augments the cost of medical treatment. In order to avoid the harm caus ed by smoking, Legislative Yuan enacts the bills of fighting against smoking and increases the tax posed o n cigarettes. The research purpose was determine the effect of health welfare tax on smoking cessation inte ntion and smoking behaviors among smokers.Twenty current smokers were recruited in each districts in W anhua area of Taipei city （ 36 districts ） .In total, 720 participants completed questionnaires.

The results of the study were shown as :

（ 1 ） About 25% of smokers had tried to quit smoking after the rising of heath welfare tax. More than 30

% of smokers reduced the frequency of smoking. In addition, 37 % of smokers changed their habits of purc hasing cigarettes and 70% among them reduced their purchasing. （ 2 ） More than 80% of smokers know n that the health welfare tax had already added into the price of cigarettes and the health welfare tax had in creased 10 dollars. Around 66 % of respondents considered giving up smoking if the price of cigarettes con tinues soaring. （ 3 ） Married smokers significantly decreased numbers of cigarettes per day than un-mar ried smokers. Elders significantly decreased numbers of cigarettes, smoking days, and changed smoking ha bits than younger smokers. Smokers without best friends who were smokers significantly decreased numbe rs of cigarettes.Smokers with lower education or without jobs significantly changed their cigarettes purchas e habits than smokers with higher education or with job. （ 4 ） In spite of the fact that there were no signi ficantly difference of smoking behavior, people who are aware of the health welfare tax will consider purc hasing certain brands at cheaper price.

Based on the study result, following suggestions were ：（ 1 ） Continuity increase the health fare tax wa

y decrease the smoking prevalence. （ 2 ） keeping track of the influence of price on the behaviors of smo

kers. （ 3 ） The opinions and the perceptions of ex-smokers showed be included in the future study.