青少年家庭心理環境因素與童年受不當對待之研究 林淑珍、黃德祥
E-mail: [email protected]
摘 要
本研究之主要目的在調查國中階段之青少年童年受不當對待的情形，瞭解性別因素是否會影響他們受虐的程度，並探討親 子溝通、家庭氛圍、親子衝突等家庭心理環境因素與兒童受不當對待的關聯、相互作用與因果關係。本研究以便利取樣的 方式抽取台北縣、苗栗縣、台中縣、台中市、彰化縣、雲林縣以及台南縣等七個縣市各一所國中共計311名學生為研究對 象，經施以基本資料調查表、親子溝通量表、家庭氣氛量表、親子衝突量表、童年受不當對待量表等研究工具，所得之資 料經描述性統計、t考驗、皮爾森積差相關、逐步迴歸分析與線性結構關係分析方法加以分析考驗，獲致以下各項研究結 果。 一、童年受不當對待各類型的盛行率頗高，依比率的高低排列，情感忽視所佔的比率最高（90%），其次是精神虐待
（76%）、生理忽視（74%），最後為身體虐待（44%）。 二、不同性別在身體虐待、生理忽視、精神虐待、情感忽視等 不當對待類型上，並未存在顯著性的差異。 三、親子溝通、家庭氛圍、親子衝突等主要變項內含的七個因素間有顯著相關
。親子溝通變項、家庭氛圍變項與親子衝突有負相關。 四、主要變項內含的因素中，親人溝通技巧、個人溝通技巧、凝聚 力、和諧、衝突頻率等五個因素分別對身體虐待、生理忽視、精神虐待、情感忽視，具有顯著預測作用。 五、本研究所建 構的主要變項結構模式圖經AMOS考驗後，發現大部份的變項因果關係獲得支持。 最後本研究根據研究發現，對家長、政 府機構、兒童福利單位與未來研究提供各項建議。
關鍵詞 : 童年受不當對待 ; 親子溝通 ; 家庭氛圍
目錄
中文摘要 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iii 英文摘要 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
iv 目次 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vii 表次 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
ix 圖次 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． x 第一章 緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
1 第一節 研究動機與目的．．．．．．．．．．．． 1 第二節 問題與假設．．．．．．．．．．．．．
． 10 第三節 名詞解釋．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 12 第二章 文獻探討．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．． 14 第一節 童年受不當對待之意義與類型．．．．．． 14 第二節 童年受不當對待之盛行率．．．
．．．．． 18 第三節 性別與童年受不當對待之關聯．．．．．． 24 第四節 親子溝通與童年受不當對待 之關聯．．．． 29 第五節 童年受不當對待與家庭氣氛之相關研究．． 36 第六節 親子衝突與童年受不當 對待之相關研究．． 40 第七節 童年受不當對待、親子溝通、家庭氣氛及 親子衝突之相關研究．．．．．．．．
．． 45 第三章 研究方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 50 第一節 研究架構．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．． 50 第二節 研究對象．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 55 第三節 研究工具．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．． 56 第四節 分析方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 72 第五節 研究程序．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．． 75 第四章 研究結果．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 77 第一節 國中學生童年受不當 對待之盛行率．．．． 77 第二節 不同性別對童年受不當對待各類型的差異 第二節 考驗．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．． 81 第三節 各家庭心理變項間之關聯．．．．．．．． 83 第四節 家庭心理環境各 變項對童年受不當對待變項 86 第二節 的預測效果．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 第五節 各變項結構模 式考驗．．．．．．．．．． 91 第五章 結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 99 第一節 結論．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 99 第二節 建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 103 參考文獻 ．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 109 附錄 青少年生活經驗問卷．．．．．．．．．．．．． 123 參考文獻
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