˪㔁做埴㓧冯姽揹⬠↲˫ 2011 ⸜ 6 㚰炻䫔⋩ᶨ㛇炻枩 63-88
ҕϛωᏰසኋၥҏᇄᏰਮഺཱིငᕊਝᜰ
߽Ϟंـġ
点 嫅⁛ⲯˣ点点∱Ἓ岊ġᄢौ
⛐屯妲⊾冯ℐ䎫⊾䘬㴒㼖ᶳ炻䣦㚫䑘⠫䘬嬲怟⾓忇炻寸⍂䘬䳬䷼䞍嬀冯㈨埻炻ㇵ傥 䁢⬠㟉㔁做䘬∝㕘冯䷦㓰ⷞἮ嬲朑ㆸ攟䘬≃慷炻ḇㇵ傥㍸㖯㔜橼⬠㟉䘬䪞䇕≃ˤ㛔 䞼䨞㖐⛐婧㞍⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬⼙枧ˤ⛐䞼䨞㕡㱽ᶲ ㍉䓐⓷⌟婧㞍㱽炻᷎䶐墥ˬ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥婧㞍⓷ ⌟˭炻憅⮵㟫⚺䷋ˣ㕘䪡ⶪˣ㕘䪡䷋䘬 675 ỵ℔灅⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠㔁ⷓ䁢婧㞍⮵尉ˤ㛔䞼 䨞ἧ䓐䳸㥳㕡䦳㧉⺷≈ẍ槿嫱⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬䶂⿏斄Ὢ炻䳸㝄 栗䣢℟㚱濊⤥怑惵灏冯澹澷Ộ妰ˤ㛔䞼䨞⺢嬘⬠㟉⭄⃭⮎㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻ẍ㍸⋯⬠㟉∝ 㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ˤ 斄挝娆烉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ˣ∝㕘䴻䆇ˣ∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 ____________________ 点 嫅⁛ⲯ烉⚳䩳㕘䪡㔁做⣏⬠≑䎮㔁㌰ 点点 ∱Ἓ岊烉㕘䪡䷋㨓Ⱉ⚳㮹⮷⬠㔁⊁ᷣả 暣⫸悝ẞ烉hsiehcc@mail.nhcue.edu.twˣhs0999@nc.hcc.edu.tw 㓞ẞ㖍㛇烉2010.10.27烊ᾖ㓡㖍㛇烉2011.3.07烊㍍⍿㖍㛇烉2011.6.01Journal of Educational Administration and Evaluation June, 2011, Vol. 11, pp. 63-88
A Study of the Relationships between School
Intellectual Capital and Effectiveness of
School Innovation Management
点
Chuan-Chung Hsieh
点点Jia-Sian Liou
Abstract
Rich organizational knowledge and technology innovation not only bring about the power of change and growth for school innovation and performance, but also improve the overall competitiveness of the school. This study aims to investigate the influence of intellectual capital on the effectiveness of innovation management in primary and secondary schools. The researcher developed “The School Intellectual Capital and School Innovation Management Questionnaire” to carry out the study. The survey objects are 675 primary and secondary school teachers across Taoyuan County, Hsinchu City, and Hsinchu County. The study uses structural equation modeling to verify the linear relationship between school intellectual capital and the effectiveness of school innovation management. The results show a good degree of fit with the parameter estimates. Accordingly, the study suggests that schools should enrich intellectual capital to enhance the effectiveness of school innovation management.
Keywords: intellectual capital, innovation management, effectiveness of school,
innovation management ____________________
点
Chuan-Chung Hsieh: Assistant Professor / National Hsin-Chu University of Education
点点
Jia-Sian Liou: Director of Educational Affairs Division / Hsinchu County Hengshan Primary School
E-mail : hsiehcc@mail.nhcue.edu.tw; hs0999@nc.hcc.edu.tw
⢡ˣ䵺婾
Ιȃंـଢ଼ᐠ!
Ḵ⋩ᶨᶾ䲨㗗䞍嬀䴻㾇䘬㗪ẋ炻⛐屯妲⊾冯ℐ䎫⊾䘬㍐㲊≑㿦ᶳ炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔 ⍾ẋ⁛䴙彚㤕㗪ẋ䘬⊆≃屯㛔冯ⶍ㤕㗪ẋ䘬姕⁁屯㛔炻ㆸ䁢ẩ㤕㚨慵天䘬屯䓊烊⁛ 䴙䘬ẩ㤕䴻䆇䎮⾝炻䃉㱽⚈ㅱ⾓忇嬲怟䘬䴻䆇䑘⠫炻⽭枰㚱㓰廱✳炻ㇵ傥㯠临䴻 䆇ᶳ⍣炷⻝㖶廅炻2001炸ˤ⚈㬌⛐ẍˬ䞍嬀˭冯ˬ㘢ㄏ˭䁢㟠⽫䘬䞍嬀䴻㾇㗪ẋ炻婘 傥㌴㎉ˣ忳䓐䳬䷼ᷳ䞍嬀冯㘢ㄏ炻婘⯙傥⛐䪞䇕㽨䁰䘬ℐ䎫⊾ⶪ⟜墉㯪⼿䓇⬀冯䘤 ⯽ˤ 役⸜Ἦ炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬㤪⾝⛐⬠䓴⍲ẩ㤕䓴ᷳㅱ䓐冯䞼䨞ㆸ䁢ᶨ偉桐㼖ˤ㘢ㄏ 屯㛔㟡㸸㕤䳬䷼䞍嬀䘬呬䧵炻ᷫ䁢䳬䷼䃉⼊ᶼ慵天ᷳ屯䓊炻晐叿䴻㾇冯䥹㈨䘬䘤⯽炻 㘢ㄏ屯㛔℞慵天⿏Ṏ晐ᷳ冯㖍ᾙ⡆ˤ媪䘬㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻ᷫ㊯䳬䷼ℏ悐ᷳṢ⒉ˣ姕㕥ˣ 㳩䦳ˣ⑩䇴ˣ栏⭊㺧シˣ⢾悐斄Ὢ䫱傥䁢䳬䷼ⷞἮ䪞䇕⃒⊊䘬䞍嬀冯傥≃䘬䷥ˤ ⛐㬌嬲≽⿍∯䘬䞍嬀䴻㾇㗪ẋ炻⬠㟉朊冐媠⣂䘬堅㑲冯㊹㇘炻䣦㚫⮵⬠㟉ᷳ㔁做䓊 ↢ˣ⑩岒ˣ⍲㓰傥䫱岎Ḱ媠⣂䘬㛇⼭冯⡻≃炻⮵⬠㟉䳬䷼侴妨炻劍傥⮯忁ṃ晙侴ᶵ 栗䘬㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻⮶⺽⍲廱⊾ˣ忳䓐㕤⬠㟉䘬䴻䆇ᶲ炻䚠ᾉ⬫傥䁢⬠㟉ᷳ䘤⯽ⷞἮ䃉 㭼䘬傥慷炻忚侴㍸㖯⬠㟉ᷳ彎⬠䷦㓰冯⑩岒ˤ⚈㬌炻⛐⻟婧⑩岒冯䷦㓰䘬䞍嬀䴻㾇 㗪ẋ炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔㚜栗℞シ佑冯慵天⿏ˤ 侴ᶼ炻冒㮹⚳ℓ⋩⸜ẋẍἮ炻媠⤪㔁做檮䴩㓧䫾ˣ㔁ⷓ㱽䩳㱽ˣ㟉⚺㮹ᷣ⊾ˣ 㔁ⷓ⮰㤕冒ᷣ㪲䘬㍸㖯ˣ⭞攟㔁做怠㑯㪲䘬⮲慵ˣ⮹⫸⊾䘬嵐⊊ˣḅ⸜ᶨ屓婚䦳䘬 ⮎㕥ˣ㓧⹄屉㓧䘬䵲䷖ˣ⬠㟉䴻䆇䷦㓰䘬慵夾䫱⚈䳈炻忁ṃ堅㑲⚈䳈忈ㆸ⬠㟉䑘⠫ ᷳ㓡嬲炻Ṏ従ἧ⬠㟉ᶵ⼿ᶵ朊⮵㗪ẋᷳ暨㯪炻䧵㤝⮳㯪嬲朑冯∝㕘炻ẍ媨⬠㟉ᷳ㯠 临冯䘤⯽ˤ⏛㶭Ⱉ炷2004炸ḇ㊯↢ˬᶵ∝㕘炻⯙㹭ṉ˭炷innovate or die炸炻⬠㟉䳬䷼ ㅱẍ㓰䌯⊾䘬∝シ柀凒炻㓰傥⊾䘬∝㕘埴≽炻᷎庼ẍ䲣䴙⊾䘬㕡㱽⍲₡ῤ⊾䘬䞍嬀 Ἦ㶙侽䴻䆇炻㕡傥ἧ⬠㟉䩳㕤ᶵ㓿ᷳ⛘ˤ⚈㬌炻⛐嬲≽⿍∯䘬Ḵ⋩ᶨᶾ䲨炻䁢㯪⬠ 㟉ᷳ䓇⬀冯㯠临炻⬠㟉ㅱ≯㕤徥㯪᷎㍸㖯∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ㓰傥炻䧵㤝⺢㥳㓰傥⊾ˣ㓰䌯 ⊾ˣ䲣䴙⊾ˣ₡ῤ⊾䘬䳬䷼冯⛀昲炻嬻䳬䷼ᷕ䘬䞍嬀ˣ䴻槿冯傥≃炻傥⣈㚱㓰䘬↮ ṓˣ㳩忂ˣ廱⊾ˣ∝忈冯≈ῤ炻忚侴ᶵ㕟䓊䓇∝㕘⿏䘬㔁做姕㕥ˣ婚䦳㔁㛸冯⮰㤕 Ṣ≃炻ẍ㍸㖯℞䪞䇕≃冯㯠临傥≃ˤ ⛐⿍∯嬲怟䘬㔜橼䣦㚫䑘⠫ᷕ炻ẩ㤕䳬䷼⽭枰ⷠᾅ∝㕘㕡傥㕤塓ⶪ⟜㶀㰘䘬␥忳烊⚈㬌炻役⸜Ἦẩ㤕柀➇㚱姙⣂䞼䨞䘤䎦炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷫ䁢⼙枧䳬䷼∝㕘䷦㓰ᷳ 慵天⚈䳈ˤ⚈㬌炻⽆ẩ㤕柀➇⮵㕤㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䷦㓰䞼䨞䘬┇䘤炻㛔䞼䨞㍊妶⬠ 㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ斄Ὢ炻忚侴⃭⮎⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻ẍ℟橼㍸⋯⬠㟉∝㕘 䴻䆇㓰傥炻᷎忚ᶨ㬍Ḯ妋⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㗗⏎䚜㍍⼙枧⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ˤ
ΠȃंـҬޟ!
➢㕤ᶲ徘䘬䞼䨞≽㨇炻㛔䞼䨞ᷳ䚖䘬⤪ᶳ烉 炷ᶨ炸↮㜸⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㔜橼冯⎬Ⰼ朊ᷳ䎦㱩ˤ 炷Ḵ炸㍊䨞⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ慵天⿏ˤ 炷ᶱ炸㍊妶⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ䶂⿏斄ὪˤຯȃМᝦଆ
ΙȃᏰਮසኋၥҏޟཎဎᇄϱొ!
㘢ㄏ屯㛔㸸冒㕤䳬䷼䞍嬀䘬䳗䧵炻ᷫ䁢䳬䷼䃉⼊ᷳ屯䓊炻⛐㬌嬲≽⿍∯䘬㗪ẋ炻 ⬠㟉朊冐媠⣂䘬堅㑲冯㊹㇘炻䣦㚫⮵⬠㟉ᷳ㔁做䓊↢ˣ⑩岒ˣ⍲㓰傥䫱岎Ḱ媠⣂䘬 㛇⼭冯⡻≃炻侴➢㕤⬠㟉䑘⠫⿍急嬲怟䘬䎦⮎炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔㤪⾝ᷳ⺽ℍ⮎㚱℞⽭天⿏ 冯慵天⿏ˤ 炷ᶨ炸㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬シ佑㘢ㄏ屯㛔忁ᾳ㤪⾝炻㚨㖑䁢 John Kenneth Galbraith 㕤 1969 ⸜㍸↢炷Masoulas,
1998炸ˤ侴⼴怑ῤ䞍嬀䭉䎮ˣ䞍嬀䴻㾇䎮⾝咔≫䘤⯽䘬ᶾẋ炻ẩ㤕䳬䷼冯⬠䓴ḇ映临
憅⮵㘢ㄏ屯㛔㈽ℍ䚠斄䞼䨞冯ㅱ䓐ˤ
㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬䞼䨞炻晐叿ᶵ⎴䞼䨞侭ˣᶵ⎴䘬䘤⯽㗪㛇冯↯ℍ奨溆炻㚱ᶵ⎴䘬⭂ 佑冯婾徘ˤ䵄⎰⎬㕡ᷳ婾徘炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔⎗㬠䲵䁢⚃䧖奨溆烉1. 屉⊁奨溆烉ẍˬ屉⊁ ₡ῤ˭ㆾ⎹㚫妰屯㛔⮶⎹䘬ˬ∝忈䪞䇕⃒⊊˭ˣˬ∝忈₡㟤ⶖ澰˭䘬奺灏潻䚳⼭㘢 ㄏ屯㛔炷Bontis, 1996; Dzinkowski, 2000; Nazari & Herremans, 2007; Stewart, 1994炸ˤ ṾᾹ娵䁢媪䘬㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷫ㗗ⶪ⟜₡ῤ冯ⷛ朊₡ῤᷳⶖ柵炻Ṏ⌛ẩ㤕ᷳⶪ⟜₡ῤ炻 ᷫ℞㑩㚱ᷳ㚱⼊屯㛔冯䃉⼊䘬㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳ䷥⎰ˤ2. 䞍嬀奨溆烉ẍ䳬䷼ˬ䞍灊˭ㆾ
ˬ䞍灊䭉瀲˭䘬奺灏潻㍊妶㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻娵䁢㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷫ㗗䳬䷼⍲㚱⒉ⶍ䞍嬀冯傥 ≃䘬䷥炷Abdolmohammadi, 2005; Boekestein, 2006; Dzinkowski, 2000; Kamath, 2007; Nazari & Herremans, 2007; Warren, 2008炸ˤ3. Ṣㇵ奨溆烉䈡⇍⻟婧Ṣ⛐㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷕ䘬 㟠⽫₡ῤˤ瀃⤪炻Stewart炷1994炸娵䁢㘢ㄏ屯㛔㗗㭷ᾳṢ傥䁢℔⎠ⷞ潻䪞䇕⃒⊊䘬 ᶨ灎䞍灊⍲傥濘䘬≈䷥烊Ulrich炷1998炸娵䁢㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷫ喲啷㕤⒉ⶍᷳ攻䘬傥濘冯㈧ 澫䘬Ḁ䧵ˤBassi 冯 Van Buren炷1999炸ḇ娵䁢㘢ㄏ屯㛔㗗⒉ⶍ䘬儎濘ˣknow-howˣ 䞍灊冯ἄ㤕瀘䦳炻ẍ⍲㚱斄栏⭊䘬䞍灊炻⼴临䘬姙⣂䞼䨞灴⻟婧ˬṢ˭⛐㘢ㄏ屯㛔 瀶⏰䎦䘬㟠⽫₡ῤ炷Abdolmohammadi, 2005; Boekestein, 2006; Lönnqvist, 2004炸ˤ 4. 㔜⎰奨溆烉娵䁢㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷫ㗗䳬䷼⎬䧖䃉⼊屯㛔炻⤪䞍嬀ˣ屯妲ˣ㈨埻ˣ㘢ㄏ屉 䓊ˣ䴻槿ˣ䳬䷼⬠佺傥≃ˣ⛀昲㹅忂㨇⇞ˣ栏⭊斄Ὢˣ⑩䇴⛘ỵ䘬忋䳸炷Botkin, 1999; Hudson, Wiley, & Sons, 1993; Stewart, 1997炸ˤ
晾䃞⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯ẩ㤕徥㯪䘬㘢ㄏ屯㛔⛐₡ῤ冯奨溆ᶲ㚱ⶖ䔘炻⯌℞ẩ 㤕ẍ屉⊁₡ῤㆾ⎹㚫妰屯㛔⮶⎹䘬ˬ∝忈䪞䇕⃒⊊˭ˣˬ∝忈₡㟤ⶖ澰˭䘬奺灏潻 䚳⼭㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻ᶵ忶ẩ㤕㍐≽㘢ㄏ屯㛔⛐㕤㚱㓰忳䓐Ṣ⒉䞍嬀ˣ傥≃炻᷎䳸⎰䳬䷼ ℏ⢾悐⎬枭㚱⼊ˣ䃉⼊屯䓊炻ẍ㍸⋯䳬䷼₡ῤ冯䪞䇕≃炻⎗㍸ὃ⬠㟉忳䓐冯䳸⎰Ṣ ⒉冯䞍嬀炻➡做Ṣㇵ冯㍸㖯⬠㟉㓰傥ᷳ⍫侫ˤ⚈㬌炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㗗㊯⬠㟉德忶䲣 䴙⊾䘬㕡㱽炻⮯⬠㟉㔁做忳ἄ䚠斄ᷳ䞍嬀冯䴻槿ˣṢ⒉傥≃⍲姕㕥䫱䃉⼊屯䓊䘬㔜 ⎰炻啱ẍ㍸㖯⬠㟉ᷳ䪞䇕≃冯₡ῤˤ 炷Ḵ炸⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬ℏ㵝 㘢ㄏ屯㛔⻟婧䳬䷼ℏ悐䃉⼊屯㛔ᷳ䳗䧵冯㔜⎰炻℞䞼䨞䭬⚵Ṏ䚠䔞⮔⺋炻⚈㬌 㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳℏ㵝炻ḇ㚫⚈ᶵ⎴⬠侭⍲℞⻟婧慵溆ᷳ澵⎴炻侴㚱ᶵ⎴炻䞼䨞侭⮯㘢 ㄏ屯㛔ᷳℏ㵝↮瀞⤪堐 1ˤ 晾䃞炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔⛐ℏ㵝ᶲ㚱ᶵ⎴炻ᶵ忶⣂㔠䘬䞼䨞侭㍉䓐Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯 㛔冯斄Ὢ屯㛔忁ᶱᾳⰌ朊炷Grantham & Nichols, 1997; Hubert, 1996; Stewart, 1994炸烉 1. Ṣ≃屯㛔烉⊭⏓ㆸ⒉冯柀⮶侭㘖念⿏䘬傥≃炻ἳ⤪ㆸ⒉ᷳ䞍嬀ˣ䴻槿ˣ∝忈≃ˣ ン⹎冯㈨傥䫱ˤ2. 䳸㥳屯㛔烉斄᷶䳬䷼ℏ悐䘬忳ἄˣ姕㕥ˣ㳩䦳ˣ䴻䆇䭉䎮䫱䞍嬀 冯㈨埻䫱ˤ3. 斄Ὢ屯㛔烉斄Ὢ屯㛔䁢䳬䷼冯⢾悐屯㸸炻⤪ὃㅱ⓮ˣ屑岋⓮ˣ栏⭊ˣ ⎰ἄ⺈⓮䫱Ḻ≽∝忈ᷳ䃉⼊屯㛔炻忁ṃ屯㛔⏰䎦㕤Ṣ傰斄Ὢˣ扟ⓖ忂嶗ˣ⭊㇞⾈ 婈⹎冯㺧シ⹎ˣ冯℞Ṿ䳬䷼䘬⎰䲬冯⣹䲬ˣẩ㤕倚嬥ᷳᷕˤ ⚈䁢ẩ㤕䳬䷼冯⬠㟉䳬䷼ᷳ䚖㧁冯䈡⿏ᶵ⎴炻⚈㬌炻㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬ℏ㵝⛐⬠㟉㔁 做䘬ㅱ䓐ᶲṎㅱ㚱ᶵ⎴ˤẩ㤕ㅱ䓐㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳ䚖䘬⛐㕤㍸㖯䆇㓞⍲∝忈䳬䷼㕤ⶪ ⟜ᷳ㚨⣏₡ῤ炻ẍ㯪䳬䷼ᷳ㯠临䘤⯽⍲䪞䇕≃ˤ侴⬠㟉䳬䷼㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳ䘤⯽⛐㕤Ὣ
堐 1 㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳℏ㵝 ⍾⎹ 䞼䨞侭炷⸜ẋ炸 㘢ㄏ屯㛔ℏ㵝 暁 Ⰼ 朊 Edvinsson 冯 Malone炷1997炸 RoosˣRoosˣEdvinsson 冯 Dragonetti炷1997炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔 Lynn 冯 Dallimore炷2004炸 ㇘䔍䭉䎮ˣ㇘䔍埴扟 ᶱ Ⰼ 朊 Grantham 冯 Nichols炷1997炸 Hubert炷1996炸 Stewart炷1994炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ栏⭊屯㛔 Lynn炷1998炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳬䷼屯㛔ˣ斄Ὢ屯㛔 ⏛⬱⥖炷2002炸 Bontis炷1996炸 Johnson炷1999炸 Molyneux炷1998炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ斄Ὢ屯㛔 Sveiby炷1998炸 ᾳṢ⊅ả傥≃ˣℏ悐䳸㥳ˣ⢾悐䳸㥳 Dzinkowski炷2000炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳬䷼屯㛔ˣ栏⭊冯斄Ὢ屯㛔 McElroy炷2002炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ䣦㚫屯㛔 ⣂ Ⰼ 朊 Brooking炷1996炸 Ṣ≃屯䓊ˣ㘢ㄏ屉䓊屯䓊ˣ➢㛔姕㕥屯䓊ˣ ⶪ⟜屯䓊 Booth炷1998炸 Ṣ≃屯䓊ˣ䞍嬀屯䓊ˣ➢䢶⺢姕屯䓊ˣ㚱㪲ˣⶪ ⟜屯䓊
Bassi 冯 Van Buren炷1999炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ栏⭊屯㛔ˣ䳬䷼屯㛔ˣ ∝㕘屯㛔ˣ䦳⸷屯㛔 Knight炷1999炸 Ṣ濘屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ⢾悐屯㛔ˣ屉⊁䷦㓰 Bayburina 冯 Ivashkovskaya 炷2007炸 Bayburina 冯 Golovko炷2008炸 Bayburina 冯 Golovko炷2009炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ∝㕘屯㛔ˣ㳩䦳屯㛔ˣ⭊㇞屯㛔ˣ 䵚䴉屯㛔 Giovanni 冯 Antonio炷2008炸 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ斄Ὢ屯㛔ˣ䣦㚫屯㛔 屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉䞼䨞侭㔜䎮ˤ 忚䳬䷼䃉⼊屯䓊ᷳ㔜⎰冯忳䓐炻ẍὫ忚⬠䓇⬠佺ˣ㔁ⷓ㔁⬠冯⬠㟉䴻䆇䭉䎮䷦㓰䫱 ⎬㕡朊㓰傥ᷳ㍸㖯炻啱ẍ㍸㖯⬠㟉ᷳ䪞䇕≃冯₡ῤˤ Kelly炷2004炸⛐˪⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔˫ᶨ㚠ᷕ炻娵䁢⬠㟉䳬䷼₡ῤ⊭⏓Ḯ㚱⼊䘬屉 ⊁屯㛔冯㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻侴⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⎗↮䁢⿅゛屯㛔朆⿅゛屯㛔炷⤪⚾ 1炸ˤ⛐ẩ 㤕㨇㥳婯䘬㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻⎒䲵ℍ䓙⒉ⶍˣ⭊㇞⍲䳬䷼䳸㥳䫱ᶱ悐ấ䳬ㆸ䘬㘢ㄏ屯 㛔炻侴忁䧖⋨↮⮵⬠㟉侴妨㗗⣒忶㕤䰿䲁䘬烊⚈䁢⬠㟉暋ẍ⋨↮婘㗗栏⭊炻㚱㗪㗗 ⬠䓇ˣ⭞攟炻㚱㗪㗗㓧⹄ㆾ⚳⭞烊⚈㬌炻Kelly ⮯⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔↮䁢⿅゛屯㛔冯朆⿅
⚾ 1 Kelly 䘬⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㝞㥳
屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉Kelly, A. (2004). The intellectual capital of schools: Analyzing government policy statements on school improvement in light of a new theorization. Journal of
Education Policy, 19(5), 618. ゛屯㛔ˤ⿅゛屯㛔⊭㊔㟉攟ˣ㔁ⷓˣ⬠䓇䘬傥≃ˣン⹎⍲㘢ㄏ㨇㓷䫱䘬䞍嬀ㆾ傥≃烊 傥≃屯㛔㗗㈨傥⮰㤕䞍嬀䘬↮ṓ冯⁛㑕傥≃䘬䷥烊ン⹎屯㛔㗗䓙⊭㊔ⶍἄ≽ 㨇ˣⶍἄΐ䎮ˣⶍἄ埴䁢䫱䳬ㆸ烊㘢ㄏ㨇㓷屯㛔㗗㟉攟ˣ㔁ⷓ⬠䓇䘬∝㕘ˣ嬲朑 冯怑ㅱ傥≃ˤ朆⿅゛屯㛔㗗⬠㟉䘬䳸㥳⿏屯㛔炻⊭㊔㚱傥Ὣ忚⬠㟉₡ῤ䘬橼⇞ㆾ 忚䦳ˣ➢䢶姕㕥䫱炻Ữ⬫ᶵ㗗斄㕤䈑䎮䑘⠫䘬䳸㥳炻侴㗗㚱⇑㕤䳬䷼䳸㥳䘤⯽䘬ℏ 悐斄Ὢ⢾悐斄Ὢ炻⍲㓗㊩ㆸ⒉∝㕘䘤⯽䘬䑘⠫ˤ 䵄⎰⚳ℏ⢾⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬䞼䨞炷⤪堐 2炸炻䞼䨞侭⮯⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔↮䁢⬠㟉Ṣ ≃屯㛔ˣ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔冯⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔ᶱᾳⰌ朊ˤ⛐⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔Ⰼ朊炻㟉攟柀⮶ ⬠㟉䳬䷼₡ῤ 屉⊁屯㛔ġ 㘢ㄏ屯㛔 朆⿅゛屯㛔ġ 䳸㥳屯㛔ġ ⿅゛屯㛔 ⬠䓇屯㛔 㔁ⷓ炾䭉䎮侭屯㛔 ⶍἄ㳩䦳ġ ➢䢶姕㕥ġ 㔯⊾䫎嘇ġ ἳ埴℔ḳġ ⚾㚠棐ġ 屯妲䥹㈨㈨埻ġ 冯ὃㅱ⓮炻栏⭊䫱 ⇑䙲䚠斄侭斄Ὢġ ℏ悐 䳬䷼ 屯㛔 ⢾悐 䳬䷼ 屯㛔ġ ∝㕘䘤 ⯽屯㛔ġ 柀⃰㈨埻ġ 栏⓷㊯⮶ġ ㆸ⒉䌐䈡⮰攟ġ 䅰⟼⛘ỵġ ⮰⭞⬠㟉ġ 㨇㥳䘬⮰攟ġ ⺢ 䭱 姕 ⁁ġ 屐 ⸋ 屯 㛔ġ 朑㕘ġ 㧉ầġ 怑ㅱġ ⶍἄ≽㨇ġ ⶍἄ埴䁢ġ ⶍἄΐ䎮ġ Know-how ⎗廱䦣䘬傥≃ ⓷柴妋㰢傥≃ ン⹎屯㛔 㘢ㄏ㨇㓷 傥≃屯㛔ġ
傥≃ˣ㔁ⷓ⮰㤕傥≃ˣ㔁ⷓ∝㕘傥≃䁢⣂㔠䞼䨞侭㓗㊩ˤ⛐⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔Ⰼ朊炻 ⬠㟉➢䢶姕㕥ˣ⬠㟉ἄ㤕㳩䦳ˣ屯妲䥹㈨䘬ㅱ䓐ˣ⬠㟉ㆸ攟冯朑㕘䁢⣂㔠䞼䨞侭 娵⎴ˤ⛐⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔Ⰼ朊炻⣂㔠䞼䨞侭娵䁢斄Ὢ屯㛔冯䣦⋨⍲⭞攟Ḻ≽ˣ䣦⋨冯 ⭞攟⍲⬠䓇⮵⬠㟉䘬㺧シ⹎⍲⭞攟⍫冯㚱斄ˤ ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㤪⾝ᷳ䘤⯽⛐㕤Ὣ忚䳬䷼䃉⼊屯䓊ᷳ㔜⎰冯忳䓐炻ẍὫ忚⬠䓇⬠ 佺ˣ㔁ⷓ㔁⬠冯⬠㟉䴻䆇䭉䎮䷦㓰䫱⎬㕡朊㓰傥ᷳ㍸㖯炻啱ẍ㍸㖯⬠㟉ᷳ䪞䇕≃冯 ₡ῤ炻䵄⎰⚳ℏ⢾䚠斄䞼䨞炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳᶱᾳⰌ朊⤪ᶳ烉 1. ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔烉⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔䁢㔁ⷓ⮰㤕䞍嬀ˣ⮰㤕傥≃⍲∝㕘傥≃ᷳ㔜橼堐䎦ˤ 2. ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔烉⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔㊯Ὣ忚⬠㟉₡ῤ䘬橼⇞ㆾ忚䦳ˣ➢䢶姕㕥ᷕ䘬䞍嬀 ㆾ傥≃炻⊭㊔⬠㟉➢䢶姕㕥ˣἄ㤕㳩䦳ˣ屯妲䥹㈨䘬ㅱ䓐ˣ冯⬠ 㟉ㆸ攟朑㕘䫱䞍嬀冯傥≃䘬㔜橼堐䎦ˤ 3. ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔烉⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔ᷫ䁢⬠㟉冯䣦⋨ˣ⭞攟ᷳḺ≽⍲䣦⋨ˣ⭞攟ᷳ⍫冯 ⍲℞⮵⬠㟉ᷳ㺧シ⹎ˤ
ΠȃᏰਮഺཱིငᕊਝޟཎဎᇄϱొ!
⛐∯嬲䘬䞍嬀䴻㾇㗪ẋ炻⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ㤪⾝䙲⼊慵天烊∝㕘᷎朆䚚䚖䘬徥㯪 嬲⊾冯朑㕘炻∝㕘⽭枰嫃㯪ˬ䷦㓰˭ㆾˬ㓰傥˭炻㕡傥䁢䳬䷼ⷞἮ㯠临䘬≃慷ˤ⛐ẩ 㤕柀➇炻⮵㕤䳬䷼∝㕘䷦㓰ᷳ䞼䨞㚱枿⣂烊侴⛐㔁做柀➇炻䳸⎰ˬ∝㕘˭冯ˬ䷦ 㓰˭䘬䞼䨞炻䚖⇵䁢㔠ṵ䃞ᶵ⣂炻ῤ⼿䞼䨞冯㍊妶ˤ ∝㕘㗗ᶨ䧖⺽忚∝シ䘬ㇳ㭝⍲㕡⺷炻啱ẍ嬲朑䳬䷼冲㚱ᷳ奨⾝ˣ㧉⺷ˣ㕡㱽ˣ 㳩䦳䫱炻℞㚨䳪䚖䘬㗗䁢㍸㖯䓊⑩ᷳ₡ῤ⍲∝忈䳬䷼䘬䪞䇕≃冯㯠临傥≃ˤ冒⽆ Schumpete ⛐ 1930 ⸜ẋ㍸↢∝㕘䘬㤪⾝炻⻟婧德忶∝㕘炻ẩ㤕䳬䷼⎗ẍℵ∝₡ῤ炷㜿 佑⯷炻2001炸ˤ㬌⼴炻∝㕘䘬㤪⾝攳⥳䌚⼿⬠埻䓴䘬慵夾冯㍊妶炻⼴临ᷳ䞼䨞ḇ⤪暐 ⼴㗍䫵凔䳃䳃㍸↢ˤ 炷ᶨ炸⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬シ佑 ∝㕘䴻䆇䘬ㅱ䓐㸸㕤ẩ㤕䳬䷼炻Ữẩ㤕䳬䷼冯⬠㟉䳬䷼⛐䴻䆇ᶲ炻℞㛔岒㗗ᶵ 䚉䚠⎴䘬ˤẩ㤕䳬䷼∝㕘䴻䆇䘬䚖䘬⛐㕤∝忈ˬ₡㟤˭冯ˬ⇑㼌˭烊侴⬠㟉䳬䷼ᷳ∝ 㕘䴻䆇炻℞䚖䘬⛐㕤徥㯪㔁做䓊⑩冯㚵⊁⑩岒ᷳ㍸㖯炻ẍ㺧嵛栏⭊ᷳ㛇⼭冯暨㯪炻 ᷎㍸㖯⬠㟉ᷳ䪞䇕≃冯㯠临䘤⯽傥≃ˤ ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㗗∝㕘䘬䲣䴙⊾冯䳸㥳⊾㬟䦳炻⤪ỽ㔜⎰㟉ℏ⢾⎬枭㚱⼊ˣ䃉⼊ ᶼ㚱≑㕤⬠㟉∝㕘䘬屯㸸炻㽨䘤ㆸ⒉㓡嬲䎦䉨䘬シ栀冯娵䞍炻✳⟹∝㕘㔯⊾炻曰㳣堐 2 ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳℏ㵝 ℏ 㵝 䞼䨞侭炷⸜ẋ炸 㮃㥖㔔 炷2004炸 嫅ㄏ枛 炷2004炸 昛⭞䲳 炷2006炸 㕡Ἓ㠭 炷2006炸 湫㴟Ⱉ 炷2008炸 Kelly 炷2004炸 ⬠ 㟉 Ṣ ≃ 屯 㛔 㟉攟柀⮶傥≃ 㔁ⷓ⮰㤕傥≃ 㔁ⷓ∝㕘傥≃ 㔁ⷓ⮰㤕㈧媦 㔁ⷓⶍἄ≽㨇 㔁ⷓ⮰㤕ㆸ攟 ⬠䓇傥≃ ⬠ 㟉 䳸 㥳 屯 㛔 屯妲䥹㈨䘬ㅱ䓐 䳬䷼䘬㹅忂 ⬠㟉↢䇰⑩ ⬠㟉ㆸ攟冯朑㕘 䞍嬀↮ṓ䘬㔯⊾ ⬠㟉➢䢶姕㕥 ⬠㟉ἄ㤕㳩䦳 䞍嬀䭉䎮㨇⇞ ⬠ 㟉 斄 Ὢ 屯 㛔 冯䣦⋨⍲⭞攟Ḻ≽ 䣦⋨ˣ⭞攟ˣ⬠䓇 ⮵⬠㟉䘬㺧シ⹎ ⭞攟⍫冯 ⬠㟉㚵⊁⑩岒 ⬠㟉冯⁛㑕⨺橼䘬 ℔ℙ斄Ὢ 屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉䞼䨞侭㔜䎮ˤ 廱⊾䳬䷼䞍嬀ˣ姕⁁ˣ屯妲ˣ㈨埻ˣ㳩䦳⍲ℏ⢾悐斄Ὢ炻ἧ℞㈽ℍ⬠㟉䳬䷼䘬∝㕘 㬟䦳ᷕ炻㬌ᷫ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䘬ᶨ⣏ⶍ䦳ˤ䵄⎰⎬䞼䨞侭⮵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䘬䚳㱽炻㬠 䲵䁢ẍᶳḼ䧖奨溆炷⏛㶭Ⱉ炻2004烊㜿㖶⛘炻2004烊㜿䬙䐑炻2005烊㸗⽿㮹炻2006烊 湫⬿栗炻2004烊哉䲼⦧炻2005烊岜㋗㪲炻2008炸烉1. ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㗗∝シ忳䓐䘬㬟䦳烉 ⬠㟉德忶㟉ℏ⢾⎬枭㚱⼊冯䃉⼊屯㸸ᷳ㔜⎰炻㽨䘤ㆸ⒉ᷳ∝シ炻忳䓐怑↯ᷳ㕡㱽冯 㬟䦳炻⮯∝シ忳ἄ⇘⬠㟉䳬䷼䲣䴙ᷳᷕˤ2. ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㗗怑ㅱ䑘⠫冯䵕㊩䲣䴙䘬 ⸛堉烉⬠㟉䳬䷼䁢怑ㅱℏ⢾⛐䑘⠫堅㑲冯嬲怟炻廱⊾⬠㟉ᷳ忳ἄ炻ẍ䵕㊩⬠㟉䓇ン ᷳ⸛堉ˤ3. ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇廱⊾娵䞍冯㍸㖯䳬䷼∝㕘≽傥烉⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇⎗ẍ廱⊾ㆸ ⒉娵䞍炻䆇忈㚱⇑㕤⬠㟉䳬䷼㊩临䘤⯽䘬㔯⊾ˤ4. ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㍸㋗⬠㟉㚵⊁冯䓊 ⑩ᷳ⑩岒烉⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇⎗ẍ㓡┬⬠㟉ⶍἄ冯㕡㱽炻㍸㖯⬠㟉䴻䆇㓰傥ˤ5. ⬠㟉∝
㕘䴻䆇㗗㺧嵛栏⭊ᷳ㛇⼭冯暨㯪烉⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇⛐㚜䧵㤝䘬シ佑ᶲ炻ᷫ⛐㕤徥㯪㔁 做₡ῤ䘬⮎嶸⍲㍸㖯⬠㟉䪞䇕≃⍲㯠临䘤⯽傥≃ˤ ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷫὪ㊯⬠㟉䳬䷼䁢怑ㅱ䑘⠫ᷳ嬲怟炻德忶柀⮶冯∝㕘䫾䔍䘬 廠ℍ炻㔜⎰䳬䷼ℏ⢾悐ᷳ䚠斄Ṣ⒉ˣ屯㸸ˣ䑘⠫䫱炻ẍὫ忚⬠㟉ᷳ埴㓧䭉䎮ˣ婚䦳 冯㔁⬠ˣ㔁ⷓ⮰㤕䘤⯽ˣ⬠䓇⬠佺㳣≽ˣ⭞攟冯䣦⋨屯㸸䫱㕡朊⯽䎦∝㕘䷦㓰ᷳἄ 䁢炻ẍ忼ㆸ㔁做䚖㧁炻᷎㍸㖯⬠㟉䪞䇕≃冯㯠临傥≃ˤ 炷Ḵ炸⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬ℏ㵝 ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䎮⾝⛐⚳ℏᷳ䘤⯽炻ᷫ冒ˬᷕ厗∝シ䘤⯽⋼㚫˭彎䎮䘬ˬℐ ⚳⬠㟉䴻䆇∝㕘䋶˭ᷳ䞼䨞攳⥳炷㳒㥖㗕ˣ䌳⃫䍲炻2005炸ˤ℞䎮⾝ᷫ䳸⎰ˬ⬠㟉∝ 㕘䴻䆇˭ˬ⬠㟉㓰傥˭Ḵ侭ᷳ㤪⾝埵䓇侴Ἦˤ䵄⎰⚳ℏ⎬䞼䨞侭ᷳ䚳㱽炻䞼䨞侭 ⮯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㬠䲵䁢ẍᶳᶱᾳ㤪⾝炷㜿㕘䘤炻2003烊檀㵹䛇炻2008烊昛Ἓ䥨炻 2007烊湫䥳搦炻2009烊湫䑲楁炻2007烊∱㖶炻2008烊嫅⁛ⲯ炻2007炸烉 1. ℤ栏⬠㟉⎬Ⰼ朊∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ䘤⯽ ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᶵ斄⽫⬠㟉屯㸸ˣ婚䦳冯㔁⬠ˣ埴㓧ˣ䑘⠫冯㚵⊁ᷳ㔜⎰ 冯∝㕘䷦㓰烊ḇ斄⽫㟉攟ˣ埴㓧Ṣ⒉ˣ㔁ⷓˣ⭞攟冯⬠䓇䫱䚠斄Ṣ⒉ᷳ≒≃冯㈽ℍ炻 德忶⬠㟉⛀昲⛐∝㕘䴻䆇忳ἄ冯屯㸸㔜⎰ᷳ⯽䎦炻ẍ∝忈⃒岒ᷳ⬠㟉㔁做⑩岒ˤ 2. 㗗⬠㟉㈽ℍ∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ䓊↢䷦㓰 ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷫ㗗⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇冯䭉䎮䫾䔍㈽ℍ⼴ᷳ䓊↢䷦㓰ˤ德忶㟉攟 ᷳ㚱㓰柀⮶炻᷎廠ℍ怑↯ᷳ∝㕘䴻䆇䭉䎮䫾䔍炻ẍ㔜⎰䚠斄Ṣ⒉ˣ屯㸸炻᷎㍸㖯⬠ 㟉䪞䇕≃ˤ 3. ⛐㕤姽Ộ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇忼ㆸ㔁做䚖㧁ᷳ䦳⹎ ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ䚖䘬炻ᷫ⛐姽Ộ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䫾䔍⛐Ṣ⒉ˣ屯㸸ˣ䑘⠫冯 姕⁁ˣ㔯⊾䫱⎬Ⰼ朊炻ẍ㛇傥忼ㆸ㔁做䚖㧁⍲㔁做⑩岒䘬㍸㖯炻忚侴ἧ⬠㟉㓰傥⛐ 慷䘬㒜⃭冯岒䘬㍸⋯㕡朊ᶵ㕟䱦忚炻ẍ㺧嵛㔜橼䣦㚫䘬㛇⼭冯⬠㟉㯠临䘤⯽ˤ 役⸜Ἦ炻⚳ℏ姙⣂⬠㟉䘮䧵㤝䘬⛐㍐≽⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇炻䁢⬠㟉䘬㔁做䘤⯽㲐 ℍᶨ偉㳣㯜炻侴⛐⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㕡朊䘬䞼䨞ḇ映临咔≫攳⯽ˤ㬠䲵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻 䆇㓰傥ᷳ㔯䌣炻⣂㔠䞼䨞侭⮯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥↮䁢ˬ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥˭ˣˬ∝㕘 婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥˭ˣˬ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥˭ˣˬ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥˭⍲ˬ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰
傥˭䫱Ḽ枭ℏ㵝炷檀㵹䛇炻2008烊湫䥳搦炻2009烊湫㘢炻2009烊嫅㖶㖯炻2008炸烉 1. ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥烉⬠㟉忳䓐∝㕘䫾䔍冯㈨埻炻啱ẍ朑㕘᷎㍸⋯埴㓧㓰䌯冯㚵⊁ ⑩岒ˤ 2. ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥烉⬠㟉傥㽨⊝㔁ⷓ⯽䎦∝シ㕤婚䦳姕妰ˣ㔁㛸䞼䘤ˣ㔁⬠㕡㱽 ⍲⬠佺姽慷ᷳᷕ炻啱ẍ㍸⋯㔁ⷓ⮰㤕䞍傥冯㔁⬠㓰傥ˤ 3. ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥烉⬠㟉傥忳䓐∝㕘⿅䵕㕤夷∫⬠䓇⣂⃫ˣ∝㕘婚䦳冯㳣≽炻ẍ 㽨䘤⬠䓇ᷳ⬠佺冰嵋冯㍸檀⬠䓇傥≃堐䎦㯜㸾ˤ 4. ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥烉⬠㟉傥夷∫℟∝シᷳ㟉⚺䑘⠫冯㔁⬠姕㕥炻᷎䆇忈⃒岒ᶼ⬱ ℐ䘬⬠佺ね⠫炻啱ẍ⋼≑㔁ⷓ㔁⬠㓰傥㍸⋯冯Ὣ忚⬠䓇⬠佺 ㆸ㓰ˤ 5. ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥烉⬠㟉傥忳䓐㕘⿅䵕炻冯⭞攟⍲䣦⋨⺢䩳列┬ᷳḺ≽斄Ὢ炻᷎ ⮶⺽⭞攟冯䣦⋨屯㸸㈽ℍ⬠㟉炻ẍ㍸㖯⬠䓇⬠佺堐䎦冯⬠㟉 㔁做㓰傥ˤ ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ⯽䎦炻ᷫ㟉ℏˣ㟉⢾⎬䧖屯㸸ᷳ㔜⎰冯Ḻ≽ᷳ䷥⎰ˤ䳸⎰ 㟉ℏ⢾⎬枭Ṣ濘屯㸸炻㽨䘤∝㕘娵䞍冯灖≽炻Ὣ℞⮎嶸㕤婚䦳ˣ㔁⬠冯⬠䓇㳣≽ᷕ炻 ẍ⡆忚⬠䓇⬠佺㓰㝄ˤ㬌⢾炻瀂⮶侭Ṏㅱ德忶瀂⮶䫾濄炻㽨䘤ㆸ⒉䞍灊↮ṓ炻⺢㥳 䞍灊䭉瀲⸛冢炻Ὣἧ䳬䷼䞍灊傥㚱㓰䘬⃚⬀ˣ↮ṓˣ㒜㔋ˣ廱⊾冯∝㕘炻嬻䞍灊䘬 ⼙枧䓙溆⇘朊炻䓙ᾳṢ⇘ℐ橼炻ẍ䆇忈ᶨᾳ∝㕘䘬㔯⊾㯃⚵ˤℵ⇯炻⬠㟉冯䣦⋨⍲ 䣦㚫ᷫᶨ≽ン䘬Ḻ≽䲣䴙炻⬠㟉䃉㱽⬌灅㕤䣦㚫ᷳ⢾侴⬀⛐炻┬䓐⢾悐斄Ὢ炻傥䁢 ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ⷞ潻㳣㯜㸸㱱炻㳣⊾㟉⚺∝㕘屯㸸炻嬻⬠㟉ᷳ∝㕘≽傥㸸㸸澵䳽ˤ
έȃᏰਮසኋၥҏᇄᏰਮഺཱིငᕊਝϞᜰ߽!
ẍ⼨⮵⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔䳸⎰⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ䞼䨞⼰⮹炻Ữ㗗ẩ㤕䓴䁢㍊䨞䳬 ䷼㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳ慵天⿏冯䝕妋㘢ㄏ屯㛔槭≽䳬䷼∝㕘䷦㓰ᷳ䚠斄⿏炻忚埴Ḯ姙⣂䘬㘢 ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䷦㓰ᷳ䚠斄䞼䨞炻侴媠⣂ᷳ䞼䨞䳸㝄ḇ栗䣢㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 ⬀㚱⭮↯ᷳ斄Ὢˤἳ⤪伭⚳Ⲙ炷2008炸憅⮵⍫冯䴻㾇悐㤕䓴䥹⮰妰䔓䘬 60 ⺈⓮䘬˪㘢 ㄏ屯㛔ˣ䵚䴉Ḻ≽⮵∝㕘䷦㓰䘬⼙枧˫䘬䞼䨞炻䘤䎦ẩ㤕㑩㚱ᷳ㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᶱ㥳朊 Ṣ濘屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ斄Ὢ屯㛔炻㚫⼙枧䳬䷼ᷳ∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥烊⛐㳒⚳炷2009炸 憅⮵⚳幵䞼䘤ˣ䓇䓊⍲ᾖ墥ἄ㤕⛀昲忚埴䘬˪⛀昲㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䷦㓰ᷳ斄倗 ⿏——ẍ普橼㓰傥䁢ᷕṳ嬲枭˫䞼䨞炻ḇ䘤䎦⛀昲㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥℟㚱栗 叿ᷳ㬋⎹⼙枧ˤ侴斄㕤⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䚠斄䘬㔯䌣冯䞼䨞炻䚖⇵㔠慷㚱旸炻 ℞ᷕ湫㴟Ⱉ炷2008炸憅⮵冢⋿䷋ⶪ⚳⮷㔁ⷓ忚埴ᷳ˪冢⋿䷋ⶪ⚳㮹⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯 ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞˫冯㛔䞼䨞ᷳ斄倗㚨䁢⭮↯烊⛐湫㴟Ⱉ䘬䞼䨞䘤䎦炻⎘⋿ ䷋ⶪ⚳㮹⮷⬠⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㔜橼℞Ṿ⎬Ⰼ朊䘮℟㚱ᷕˣ檀䦳⹎㬋 䚠斄ˤ侴⛐℞Ṿ⬠㟉䴻䆇㕡朊䘬䞼䨞炻ḇ⎗ẍ䘤䎦⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵⬠㟉ᷳ∝㕘䴻䆇 ℟㚱⭮↯䘬斄Ὢˤ 椾⃰炻⛐⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔冯∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㕡朊炻昛䳈⮔炷2008炸憅⮵冢ᷕⶪ⚳㮹 ⮷⬠㔁ⷓ忚埴䘬˪⚳㮹⮷⬠㔁ⷓ䞍嬀䦣廱傥≃ˣ䳬䷼➟埴≃冯䳬䷼∝㕘䷦㓰斄Ὢ ᷳ䞼䨞——ẍ冢ᷕⶪ䁢ἳ˫䞼䨞炻䳸㝄䘤䎦炻㔁ⷓ䞍嬀䦣廱傥≃崲檀炻䳬䷼∝㕘䷦ 㓰崲Ἓˤ㜿⬇䏒炷2008炸憅⮵檀晬䷋ⶪ℔䩳⚳㮹⮷⬠㔁ⷓ忚埴䘬˪檀晬䷋ⶪ⚳㮹⮷ ⬠㟉攟⮰㤕柀⮶ˣ㔁ⷓ⮰㤕䘤⯽冯⬠㟉䳬䷼∝㕘斄Ὢ˫ᷳ䞼䨞ḇ䘤䎦炻㔁ⷓ⛐℞⮰ 㤕䘤⯽ᶲ傥㬋⎹䧵㤝炻⇯⬠㟉䳬䷼∝㕘グἛˤ⽆ẍᶲ䞼䨞䳸㝄炻⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔䘬㟠 ⽫Ṣ䈑ˬ㔁ⷓ˭炻℞⮰㤕堐䎦冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥℟⬀⛐叿⭮ᶵ⎗↮䘬斄Ὢ炻㔁ⷓ䘬 䞍嬀䦣廱傥≃ˣ㔁⬠∝㕘傥≃ˣ䳬䷼㈧媦冯ⶍἄ㈽ℍ炻ᶵ⼙枧℞㔁⬠⮰㤕堐䎦炻 ḇ㚫⼙枧⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ㓰傥ˤ ℞㫉炻⛐⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬斄Ὢ㕡朊炻榙㗙⏃炷2008炸憅⮵ 冢⊿䷋ⶪ 2003 ⸜军 2008 ⸜ᷳ InnoSchool 䌚䋶㔁ⷓ忚埴婧㞍炻䘤䎦忁ṃ䌚䋶⬠㟉⛐ ∝㕘㟉⚺䑘⠫⺢㥳Ⰼ朊冯䞍嬀䭉䎮Ⰼ朊䘮㚱ᶵ拗䘬䘤⯽ˤ∱㖶炷2008炸䘬䞼䨞ᷕ ḇ䘤䎦⬠㟉⛀昲䳬䷼ᷳ忳ἄ冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㚱檀⹎ᷳ䚠斄炻ᶼ℟枸㷔≃ˤ侴叱 㗍㪣炷2008炸˪⬠㟉䳬䷼屯㛔⍲℞∝㕘䴻䆇䫾濄ᷳ䞼䨞——ẍ㟫⚺䷋⚳㮹⮷⬠䁢瀃˫ ᷳ䞼䨞䳸㝄炻ḇ℟橼㊯↢⬠㟉䳬䷼屯㛔冯∝㕘䴻䆇䫾䔍㚱㤝栗叿䘬㬋䚠斄炻侴ᶼ⬠ 㟉䘬䳬䷼屯㛔崲寸炻℞∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳㆸ㓰ḇ崲栗叿ˤ⚈㬌ㆹᾹ䘤䎦炻ᶨᾳ℟㚱⍂⮎ ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔䘬⬠㟉炻℞∝㕘㟉⚺䑘⠫姕㕥ˣ⃒岒䞍嬀䭉䎮㨇⇞冯⛀昲忳ἄ炻傥䁢 ⬠㟉ᷳ∝㕘䴻䆇ⷞἮ㬋朊ᷳㆸ㓰ˤ ℵ⇯炻⽆⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬斄ὪἮ䚳炻昛ⅈ呱炷2006炸憅⮵ ➢昮ⶪ⚳㮹⮷⬠㔁ⷓ䘬˪⚳㮹⮷⬠℔ℙ斄Ὢ冯⬠㟉㓰傥˫䞼䨞㊯↢炻⭞攟⍫冯⬠ 㟉㓰傥℟栗叿斄Ὢˤ⛐⼸㖻䓟炷2008炸憅⮵⎘䀋⛘⋨℔灅⚳㮹⮷⬠䘬㔁ⷓ忚埴䘬 ˪⚳㮹⮷⬠℔ℙ斄Ὢˣ䳬䷼∝㕘䴻䆇冯⬠㟉㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞˫炻䳸㝄栗䣢炻斄Ὢ屯㸸 䘬ㅱ䓐冯⍫冯ˣ栏⭊㺧シ⹎䘬㍸㖯䫱炻傥⡆⻟⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䘬㓰傥ˤ 䵄ᶲ徘炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ攻⬀⛐叿⭮↯䘬斄Ὢ烊德忶㟉 ℏ⢾⎬䧖⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔屯㸸ᷳ呬䧵ˣ㔜⎰冯忋䳸炻⮯傥㽨䘤∝㕘䘬娵䞍冯埴≽炻✳ ⟹ᶨᾳ㓗㊩∝㕘䴻䆇䘬㔯⊾㯃⚵炻忚侴㍸㖯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ㓰傥ˤ⚈㬌炻㛔䞼䨞` 姕⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㬋朊⼙枧⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥炷⤪⚾ 2 䣢炸ˤ⚾ 2 䘬䞼䨞`姕㧉⺷栗
䣢炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔炷Ὢ䁢㼃⛐嬲枭炻ẍ⚻⼊堐䣢炸⎗ẍ䓐ᶱᾳ奨⮇嬲枭炷⊭㊔⬠㟉 Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ䳸㥳屯㛔冯斄Ὢ屯㛔䫱炻ẍ攟㕡⼊堐䣢炸≈ẍ㷔慷烊侴⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰 傥⎗ẍ䓐Ḽᾳ奨⮇嬲枭炷⊭㊔∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁ˣ婚䦳㔁⬠ˣ⬠䓇堐䎦ˣ䑘⠫姕⁁ˣ屯 㸸忳䓐䫱㓰傥炻ẍ攟㕡⼊堐䣢炸≈ẍ㷔慷ˤ侴 1 ⇘ 3ˣ!1 ⇘ !5 ↮⇍ẋ堐奨⮇嬲枭 ⮵㼃⛐嬲枭炷⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ˣ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥炸䘬Ộ妰婌ⶖˤ ⚾ 2 䞼䨞`姕㧉⺷
ȃंـ೩ॎᇄᄂࢊ!
Ιȃंـኺҏ!
䁢㍊䨞⎘䀋ᶵ⎴✳ン⋨➇䘬⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ䎦㱩炻㛔䞼䨞 ẍ㟫⚺䷋ˣ㕘䪡䷋ˣ㕘䪡ⶪ℔䩳⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠㔁做Ṣ⒉炷⊭⏓㟉攟ˣ㔁ⷓℤᷣảˣ㔁 ⷓℤ䳬攟ˣ䥹ả㔁ⷓˣ䳂ả㔁ⷓ炸䁢㭵佌橼炻᷎㍉↮Ⰼ晐㨇㉥㧋ᷳ㕡⺷炻㉥⍾枸娎 㧋㛔⍲㬋⺷㧋㛔ˤ⛐枸娎昶㭝炻ℙ⭬↢⓷⌟ 269 ấ炻⚆㓞⓷⌟ 238 ấ炻⚆㓞䌯䁢 88%炻 㚱㓰㧋㛔䁢 231 ấ炻⓷⌟ᷳ⎗䓐䌯忼 86%炻ἄ䁢㷔慷ⶍ℟ᾉ⹎ˣ㓰⹎↮㜸ἧ䓐ˤ ⛐㬋⺷㕥㷔昶㭝炻Sudman炷1976炸⺢嬘䞼䨞侭炻劍㗗⛘⋨⿏䞼䨞炻⇯⸛⛯㧋㛔 Ṣ㔠䲬⛐ 500 Ṣ军 1,000 Ṣᷳ攻炷⺽冒⏛㖶㶭炻2007炸ˤ㛔䞼䨞ὅ⬠㟉⋨➇冯夷㧉⣏ ⮷㍉↮Ⰼ晐㨇㉥㧋㕡⺷炻ℙ㉥⍾ 852 ⎵⚳ᷕ⮷㔁做Ṣ⒉炻⚆㓞⓷⌟ 702 ấ炻⚆㓞䌯 82%烊㚱㓰㧋㛔 675 ấ炻⎗䓐䌯忼 79%ˤ㬋⺷⓷⌟婧㞍㧋㛔➢㛔屯瀌炻娛⤪堐 3ˤ
Πȃंـώڎ!
⛐䞼䨞ⶍ℟ᶲ炻ˬ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔慷堐˭Ὢᾖ㬋冒嫅ㄏ枛炷2004炸ˣ昛⭞䲳炷2006炸ˣ 湫㴟Ⱉ炷2008炸䫱䞼䨞侴Ἦ炻⓷⌟柴䚖ℙ⊭⏓⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔冯⬠㟉 斄Ὢ屯㛔ᶱᾳⰌ朊炻⎰妰 18 柴ˤ侴ˬ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥慷堐˭Ὢᾖ㬋冒昛Ἓ䥨炷2007炸ˣ 湫䥳搦炷2009炸⍲湫㘢炷2009炸䫱䞼䨞侴Ἦ炻⓷⌟柴䚖ℙ⊭⏓∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥ˣ ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥ˣ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥ˣ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥ˣ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥䫱 5 ᾳⰌ朊ℙ 22 柴ˤ 䞼䨞䳸㝄栗䣢炻㛔䞼䨞ⶍ℟ᷳᾉ⹎↮㜸列⤥炻ˬ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔慷堐˭㔜橼ᷳ Cronbach’s Ὢ澷ῤ䁢.93烊⎬↮Ⰼ朊 Cronbach’s Ὢ澷⤪ᶳ烉⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔炷.88炸ˣ ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔炷.87炸ˣ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔炷.88炸ˤˬ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥慷堐˭㔜橼ᷳ Cronbach’s Ὢ澷ῤ䁢.95烊⎬↮Ⰼ朊ᷳ Cronbach’s Ὢ澷⤪ᶳ烉∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥炷.89炸ˣ∝㕘 婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥炷.83炸ˣ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥炷.86炸ˣ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥炷.86炸ˣ∝㕘屯 㸸忳䓐㓰傥炷.89炸ˤ㛔䞼䨞⓷⌟ᷳ慷堐Ὢἧ䓐㛶䈡㮷⚃溆慷堐炻℞怠枭↮⇍䁢ˬ朆 ⷠ䫎⎰˭ˣˬ䫎⎰˭ˣˬ⮹悐↮䫎⎰˭ˣˬ朆ⷠᶵ䫎⎰˭䫱⚃ᾳ怠枭炻⍿娎侭ὅ㒂冒幓䘬 ⮇奢冯デ⍿≈ẍ⠓䫼ˤ妰↮㗪ὅ⸷䁢 4 军 1 ↮ˤέȃၥਟϷݙ!
㛔䞼䨞忚埴屯㕁↮㜸㗪炻ἧ䓐䴙妰⣿墅庇橼 SPSS 13.0 for Windows炻忚埴㍷徘 ⿏䴙妰ˣᾉ㓰⹎↮㜸ẍ⍲䙖䇦㢖䧵ⶖ䚠斄↮㜸烊᷎忚ᶨ㬍德忶 AMOS 18.0 庇橼炻㩊 夾⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬䳸㥳㕡䦳㧉⺷炷structural equation modeling炻 䯉䧙 SEM炸斄Ὢˤ堐 3 㬋⺷⓷⌟婧㞍㧋㛔➢㛔屯㕁↮㜸 栆 ⇍ 枭䚖 Ṣ㔠 䘦↮㭼 ⿏ ⇍ 䓟 222 33% ⤛ 453 67% ⸜ 漉 34 㬚ẍᶳ 193 29% 35~44 㬚 333 49% 45 㬚ẍᶲ 149 22% 㚨檀⬠㬟 ⣏⬠ 410 61% 䞼䨞炷⏓ 40 ⬠↮䎕炸ẍᶲ 259 38% ℞Ṿ 6 1% 㚵⊁⸜屯 10 ⸜ẍᶳ 264 39% 11~20 ⸜ 273 41% 21 ⸜ẍᶲ 138 20% 㑼ả借⊁ 㟉攟 23 3% 㔁ⷓℤᷣả 98 15% 㔁ⷓℤ䳬攟炷⏓⬠⸜ᷣả炸 198 29% 䳂ả㔁ⷓㆾ䥹炷⮰炸ả㔁ⷓ 356 53% ⬠㟉⋨➇ 㟫⚺䷋ 366 54% 㕘䪡䷋ 208 31% 㕘䪡ⶪ 101 15% ⬠ 㟉 ⇍ ⚳ᷕ 127 19% ⚳⮷ 548 81% ⬠㟉夷㧉 12 䎕ẍᶳ 77 11% 13~36 䎕 296 44% 37 䎕ẍᶲ 302 45% ⬠㟉㬟⎚ 10 ⸜ẍᶳ 70 10% 11~30 ⸜ 48 7% 31 ⸜ẍᶲ 557 83%
ဓȃंـ๖ݎᇄଆ፣!
ΙȃҕϛωᏰᏰਮසኋၥҏϞ౪ݷϷݙ!
⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㔜橼⸛⛯澷䁢 3.20炷SD = 0.38炸炻檀㕤 2.5 ↮ẍᶲ炻堐䣢㔁做Ṣ⒉ 䞍奢⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔䎦㱩列⤥ˤ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷕ炻ẍˬ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔˭䘬⸛⛯㔠㚨檀炷Mean = 3.23炻SD = 0.41炸炻℞㫉ὅ⸷䁢ˬ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔˭炷Mean = 3.21炻SD = 0.46炸 ẍ⍲ˬ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔˭炷Mean = 3.16炻SD = 0.45炸ˤ䵄⎰↮㜸䳸㝄炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᶱ 枭Ⰼ朊䘬⸛⛯ῤ䘮⣏㕤 2.50炻栗䣢⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠㔁做Ṣ⒉䞍奢⇘⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⎬Ⰼ朊 䎦㱩列⤥ˤ℞ᷕẍˬ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔˭ˣˬ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔˭Ⰼ朊⼿↮庫檀炻栗䣢⚳㮹ᷕ ⮷⬠㛅⎹⮰㤕⊾䘤⯽炻⎬㟉慵夾㔁ⷓ⮰㤕䞍嬀ˣ⮰㤕傥≃⍲∝㕘傥≃䫱Ṣ≃屯㛔 ᷳ⍂㢵烊ḇ⻟婧⬠㟉➢䢶姕㕥ˣἄ㤕㳩䦳⍲屯妲䥹㈨ㅱ䓐䘬堐䎦炻ẍ㍸⋯㔁⬠冯埴 㓧ㆸ㓰ˤˬ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔˭䘬⼿↮䦵Ỷ炻栗䣢⬠㟉㚨暨天≈⻟冯䣦⋨ˣ⭞攟ᷳḺ≽⍲ 䣦⋨⭞攟ᷳ⍫冯⍲℞⮵⬠㟉ᷳ㺧シ⹎ˤ⭞攟䣦⋨㛇⼭⬠㟉㗗ˬℐ朊㚵⊁˭⬠㟉 炷Rothstein, 2004炸炻䃞侴⬠㟉⌣⾥夾⭞攟䣦⋨䘬⼙枧≃炷Epstein & Sanders, 2006炸ˤ
堐 4 㔁做Ṣ⒉䞍奢⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳ䎦㱩 Ⰼ朊 ⸛⛯㔠 㧁㸾ⶖ ㌺⸷ ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔 3.23 0.41 1 ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔 3.21 0.46 2 ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔 3.16 0.45 3 㔜 橼 3.20 0.38
ΠȃҕϛωᏰᏰਮഺཱིငᕊਝϞ౪ݷϷݙ!
⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㔜橼⸛⛯澷䁢 3.14炷SD = 0.41炸炻檀㕤 2.5 ↮ẍᶲ炻堐䣢㔁做 Ṣ⒉䞍奢⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䎦㱩列⤥ˤ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷕ炻ẍˬ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰 傥˭⍲ˬ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥˭䘬⸛⛯㔠㚨檀炷Mean = 3.24炻SD = 0.50烊Mean = 3.24炻 SD = 0.46炸炻℞㫉ὅ⸷䁢ˬ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥˭炷Mean = 3.12炻SD = 0.50炸ˣˬ∝㕘婚 䦳㔁⬠㓰傥˭炷Mean = 3.08炻SD = 0.47炸ˣˬ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥˭炷Mean = 3.04炻SD = 0.50炸ˤ䵄⎰↮㜸䳸㝄炻⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥Ḽ枭Ⰼ朊䘬⸛⛯ῤ䘮⣏㕤 2.50炻栗䣢⚳㮹 ᷕ⮷⬠㔁做Ṣ⒉䞍奢⇘䘬⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥⎬Ⰼ朊䎦㱩列⤥ˤ℞ᷕẍˬ∝㕘⬠䓇 堐䎦㓰傥˭⍲ˬ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥˭⼿↮庫檀炻栗䣢⬠㟉傥忳䓐∝㕘⿅䵕炻夷∫⬠ 䓇⣂⃫∝㕘㳣≽炻ẍ㽨䘤⬠䓇ᷳ⬠佺冰嵋ˤ⛐䑘⠫ᶲḇ傥夷∫℟∝シᷳ㟉⚺䑘⠫冯 㔁⬠姕㕥炻᷎䆇忈⃒岒䘬⬠佺ね⠫ˤ侴ˬ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥˭冯ˬ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰 傥˭䘬⼿↮庫Ỷ炻栗䣢⬠㟉㚨暨天≈⻟朑㕘埴㓧㓰䌯冯㚵⊁⑩岒炻⍲㽨⊝㔁ⷓ⯽䎦堐 5 㔁做Ṣ⒉䞍奢⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ䎦㱩 Ⰼ朊 ⸛⛯㔠 㧁㸾ⶖ ㌺⸷ ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥 3.04 0.50 5 ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥 3.08 0.47 4 ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥 3.24 0.50 1 ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥 3.24 0.46 1 ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥 3.12 0.50 3 㔜 橼 3.14 0.41 ∝シ㕤婚䦳姕妰ˣ㔁㛸䞼䘤ˣ㔁⬠㕡㱽⍲⬠佺姽慷ˤ
έȃᏰਮසኋၥҏᇄഺཱིငᕊਝϞᜰ߽!
㛔䞼䨞㍉䓐䳸㥳㕡䦳㧉⺷炷SEM炸炻⃰↮㜸侫槿`姕㧉⺷ᷳ忽䉗Ộ妰ˣℏ⛐⑩岒ˣ ⢾⛐⑩岒炻ℵ忚ᶨ㬍㍊妶⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ䶂⿏斄Ὢˤ 炷ᶨ炸怑惵⹎↮㜸 㛔䞼䨞 SEM 䶂⿏斄Ὢᷳ`姕㧉⺷冒䓙⹎䁢 18炻⌉㕡㩊⭂ῤ 46.78炷p<.05炸ˤ SRMRˣRMSEAˣGFIˣAGFIˣNFIˣCFI 冯 PNFI 䘬ῤ↮⇍䁢.02ˣ.05ˣ.98ˣ.97ˣ.98ˣ.99 冯.68ˤ䵄⎰⎬怑惵⹎㊯㧁⎗䞍炻㛔䞼䨞㍸↢䘬`姕㧉✳忼⇘列⤥䘬怑⎰奨⮇ῤ炻 怑惵⹎↮㜸⤪堐 6 䣢ˤ 炷Ḵ炸㧁㸾⊾⍫㔠Ộ妰 ⛐䡢娵䎮婾㧉✳怑惵㕤奨⮇屯㕁ᷳ⼴炻暨天忚ᶨ㬍侫ㄖ䳸㥳㕡䦳㧉⺷䘬㧁㸾⊾ ⍫㔠Ộ妰炻㛔䞼䨞澹䄏⏛㖶昮炷2009炸ᷳシ灘炻ẍ⣂枭㊯㧁忚灖㔜橼㧉⺷怑惵灏䘬 㩊⭂炻᷎⮯⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄Ὢ䳸㥳㧉⺷ᷳ㷔慷ῤ㐀天㔜䎮ㆸ堐 7ˤ 堐 7 栗䣢↢⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔ˣ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔ˣ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔䫱ᶱ枭Ⰼ朊㥳ㆸḮ⬠ 㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬天䳈炻侴㚱䘬㧁㸾⊾⍫㔠悥忼栗叿烊℞ᷕẍˬ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔˭炷.83炸 冯ˬ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔˭炷.83炸㚨檀炻ˬ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔˭炷.72炸庫Ỷ烊婌ⶖ嬲䔘㔠ẍˬ⬠ 㟉䳸㥳屯㛔˭炷.07炸冯ˬ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔˭炷.07炸㚨Ỷ炻㚨⼴䁢ˬ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔˭炷.08炸ˤ 侴∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥ˣ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥ˣ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥ˣ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁ 㓰傥冯∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥䫱Ḽ枭Ⰼ朊䳬ㆸḮ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬天䳈炻᷎ᶼ⛐㚱堐 6 ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄Ὢ㧉⺷怑惵灏↮㜸 ↮㜸枭䚖 㩊⭂䳸㝄㔠㒂 怑惵㧁㸾⺢嬘ῤ 㧉⺷怑惵⇌㕟 㷔慷ῤ 㰢㕟ῤ(CR) 19.53 >1.96 忼栗叿㯜㸾 㧁㸾⊾徜㬠Ὢ㔠 .93*** 妋慳嬲䔘慷(R2) .87 䳽⮵怑惵⹎㊯㔠 ⌉㕡ῤ !烁 46.78炷p<.05炸 グ⮷グ⤥炷p>.05炸 ⏎ SRMR .02 <.05 ⎗ RMSEA .05 <.05 ⃒炻<.08 列炻<.10 ⯂⎗ ⎗ GFI .98 >.90 ⎗ AGFI .97 >.90 ⎗ ⡆ῤ怑惵⹎㊯㔠 NFI .98 >.90 ⎗ CFI .99 >.90 ⎗ 䯉䲬怑惵⹎㊯㔠 ⌉㕡冒䓙⹎㭼 2.60炷df = 18炸 ⣏㕤 1炻⮷㕤 3 ⎗ PNFI .63 >.50 ⎗ ***p<.001 堐 7 ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄Ὢ䳸㥳㧉⺷ᷳ⑩岒㩊⭂ 㧁㸾⊾ 徜㬠Ὢ 㔠 婌ⶖ嬲 䔘㔠 䳬⎰ ᾉ⹎ ⸛⛯嬲 䔘㔠㉥ ⍾慷 ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 <- ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔 .93 .02 ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔 <- ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔 .83 .07 .79 .55 ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔 <- ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔 .83 .07 ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔 <- ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔 .72 .08 ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥 <- ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 .79 .09 .87 .58 ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥 <- ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 .84 .06 ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥 <- ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 .74 .11 ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥 <- ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 .81 .08 ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥 <- ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 .82 .08
䘬㧁㸾⊾⍫㔠悥忼栗叿ˤ℞ᷕẍˬ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥˭炷.84炸㚨檀炻℞Ṿὅ⸷䁢ˬ∝ 㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥˭炷.82炸ˣˬ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥˭炷.81炸ˣˬ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥˭炷.79炸 ẍ⍲ˬ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥˭炷.74炸烊ᶼ婌ⶖ䘮⛐.11 ẍᶳ炻ẍˬ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥˭炷.06炸 㚨Ỷ炻℞Ṿὅ⸷䁢ˬ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥˭炷.08炸ˣˬ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥˭炷.08炸ˣˬ∝㕘 屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥˭炷.09炸ẍ⍲ˬ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥˭炷.11炸ˤ 㛔䞼䨞䘬 SEM 䶂⿏斄Ὢ䳸㥳㧉⺷栗䣢炷夳⚾ 3炸炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇 㓰傥㚱栗叿ᶼ㬋⎹䘬⼙枧炷.93炸炻ᶼ⼤㬌攻䘬斄Ὢ忼⇘㤝栗叿㯜㸾炷p<.001炸炻⬠㟉 㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬妋慳嬲䔘慷炷R2炸忼⇘ 87%䘬㯜㸾ˤ㬌䳸㝄槿嫱Ḯ ⃰⇵䘬㔯䌣䘤䎦䳸㝄炻Ṏ⌛㛔䞼䨞`姕㧉✳炷夳⚾ 2炸ㆸ䩳炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㬋朊⼙枧 ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ˤ ⚾ 3 ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇斄Ὢᷳ䳸㥳㧉⺷
ӂȃ๖፣ᇄ࡚ដ!
Ιȃ๖፣!
㔜橼侴妨炻䞼䨞䳸㝄䘤䎦⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵㕤⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㚱栗叿䘬㬋朊⼙ 枧炻㬌䳸㝄栗䣢⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵㕤∝忈䳬䷼䘬₡ῤ冯䳬䷼䪞䇕≃炻℟㚱慵⣏䘬⼙枧 ⬠㟉㘢ġ ㄏ屯㛔ġ IC1 0.08 0.72 0.07 IC2 0.83 0.07 IC3 0.83 ⬠㟉∝㕘 䴻䆇㓰傥 IM1 0.81 0.82 0.74 0.84 0.79 0.08 IM2 IM3 IM4 IM5 0.08 0.11 0.06 0.09 0.93≃ˤ㬌⢾炻㟡㒂䞼䨞䘤䎦⎗㬠䲵ẍᶳ䳸婾烉 炷ᶨ炸⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㔜橼ᷳ䎦㱩列⤥炻斄Ὢ屯㛔⯂⼭⻟⊾ 㛔䞼䨞䳸㝄栗䣢炻⚳ᷕ⮷㔁做Ṣ⒉䞍奢⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㔜橼ᷳ䎦㱩列⤥ˤ⬠㟉傥 德忶䲣䴙⊾䘬㕡㱽炻⮯⬠㟉㔁做ᷳ䚠斄䞍嬀冯䴻槿ˣ㔁ⷓ傥≃⍲姕㕥䫱䃉⼊屯䓊≈ ẍ㔜⎰炻ẍ㍸㖯⬠㟉䪞䇕≃冯₡ῤˤ⯌℞ˬ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔˭冯ˬ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔˭庫 䁢列⤥炻⬠㟉㔁ⷓ⣏悥℟㚱⃒䔘䘬⮰㤕傥≃⍲∝㕘傥≃炻⎴㗪⬠㟉䘬➢䢶姕㕥ˣἄ 㤕㳩䦳炻⍲屯妲䥹㈨䘬ㅱ䓐悥堐䎦列⤥ˤỮ㗗⬠㟉冯䣦⋨ˣ⭞攟Ḻ≽ᷳˬ⬠㟉斄Ὢ 屯㛔˭⯂㚱≒≃䨢攻ˤ 炷Ḵ炸⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㔜橼ᷳ䎦㱩列⤥炻∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁冯婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥⯂⼭ ㍸⋯ 㛔䞼䨞䳸㝄栗䣢炻⚳ᷕ⮷㔁做Ṣ⒉䞍奢⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㔜橼ᷳ䎦㱩列⤥ˤ⬠ 㟉䁢⚈ㅱ䑘⠫⍲㗪ẋ嬲怟炻傥忳䓐∝㕘䴻䆇䫾䔍炻㔜⎰ℏˣ⢾悐屯㸸炻⛐⬠䓇㳣≽ˣ 䑘⠫姕⁁ˣ屯㸸忳䓐䫱㕡朊炻䓊↢⃒岒ᶼ䌐℟䈡刚ᷳ䪞䇕≃ˤ⯌℞ˬ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦 㓰傥˭冯ˬ∝㕘䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥˭庫䁢列⤥炻⬠㟉傥夷∫⬠䓇⣂⃫∝㕘䘬婚ℏ冯婚⢾ 㳣≽炻啱ẍ㍸檀⬠䓇䘬傥≃堐䎦㯜㸾烊⬠㟉ḇ傥⚈ㅱ㔁做䘤⯽暨天炻夷∫姕妰↢ ∝シ䘬㟉⚺䑘⠫炻⍲㍸ὃ⥍┬䘬㔁⬠䑘⠫姕㕥炻忚侴䆇忈↢⃒岒䘬⬠㟉ね⠫ˤᶵ忶 ⛐ˬ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥˭冯ˬ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥˭ℑⰌ朊⯂⼭≈⻟炻栗䣢⬠㟉⛐朑 㕘埴㓧㕡㱽ˣ㈨埻炻ẍ㍸⋯埴㓧㓰䌯冯㚵⊁⑩岒ᶲṵ㚱≒≃䨢攻ˤ侴ᶼ⬠㟉ṵ天两 临㽨⊝㔁ⷓ忳䓐∝シ炻䞼䘤㕘㔁㛸ˣ㔁㱽冯姽慷炻啱ẍ㍸⋯㔁ⷓ⮰㤕冯⡆忚㔁⬠ㆸ 㓰ˤ 炷ᶱ炸⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔傥㚱㓰㍸⋯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥 㛔䞼䨞⽆㔯䌣䘤䎦炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ攻⬀⛐叿⭮↯䘬斄 Ὢ烊德忶㟉ℏ⢾⎬䧖㘢ㄏ屯㛔屯㸸ᷳ忋䳸ˣ呬䧵冯㔜⎰炻⮯傥㽨䘤∝㕘䘬娵䞍冯埴 ≽炻✳⟹ᶨᾳ㓗㊩∝㕘䴻䆇䘬㔯⊾㯃⚵炻忚侴㍸⋯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ㓰傥ˤℵ⽆䞼䨞 䳸㝄栗䣢炻⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⻟⊾⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔㚱≑㕤㍸⋯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ˤ⚈㬌炻⚳ 㮹ᷕ⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ攻⬀⛐⭮↯ᷳ斄Ὢ烊德忶⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳ ⺽忚ˣ呬䧵冯㔜⎰炻⮯傥㽨䘤↢⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ娵䞍冯⮎嶸炻⟹忈↢ᶨᾳ㓗㊩∝㕘 䴻䆇䘬䳬䷼㯃⚵炻忚侴㍸⋯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ㓰傥ˤ 炷⚃炸㛔䞼䨞㍸ᷳ`姕㧉⺷℟㚱列⤥怑惵⹎冯⍫㔠Ộ妰
㛔䞼䨞㍸ᷳ`姕㧉⺷℟㚱列⤥䘬怑惵⹎炻᷎槿嫱⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔䘬ᶱ枭Ⰼ朊䁢 ˬ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔˭ˣˬ⬠㟉䳸㥳屯㛔˭冯ˬ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔˭烊⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬Ḽ枭 Ⰼ朊䁢ˬ∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰傥˭ˣˬ∝㕘婚䦳㔁⬠㓰傥˭ˣˬ∝㕘⬠䓇堐䎦㓰傥˭ˣˬ∝㕘 䑘⠫姕⁁㓰傥˭冯ˬ∝㕘屯㸸忳䓐㓰傥˭ˤ㛔䞼䨞䘬䳸㥳㧉⺷㚜栗䣢⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉 㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㚱栗叿ᶼ㬋⎹䘬⼙枧ˤ
Πȃ࡚ដ!
㛔䞼䨞↮㜸䘤䎦炻⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥⛯㚱枿Ἓᷳ䘤 ⯽炻侴ᶼ⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔⮵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㚱㤝Ἓᷳ枸㷔≃冯妋慳≃ˤ⚈㬌炻㛔䞼 䨞⺢嬘⻟⊾⬠㟉冯⭞攟䣦⋨ᷳ倗专ˣ┬䓐䞍嬀䭉䎮⮶ℍ㧁㸾㳩䦳ˣ䘤⯽≽ン冯⮰㤕 ᷳṢ≃屯㛔炻ẍ㍸㖯⬠㟉ᷳ㘢ㄏ屯㛔炻呬䧵㔁做∝㕘䘬≽傥炻忚侴Ὣ忚⬠㟉∝㕘㓰 傥ᷳ䘤⯽ˤ 炷ᶨ炸⻟⊾⬠㟉冯⭞攟䣦⋨ᷳ倗专炻⍂㢵⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔 ⽆㛔䞼䨞䳸㝄栗䣢炻⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷕ䘬⬠㟉冯⭞攟䣦⋨Ḻ≽ᷳˬ⬠㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔˭ ⯂㚱≒≃䨢攻ˤ䎦昶㭝⬠㟉晾䃞慵夾⭞攟⍲䣦⋨䘬⍵ㅱ冯シ夳炻ḇ傥冯䣦⋨ˣ⭞攟 ᾅ㊩列⤥䘬Ḻ≽斄Ὢ烊Ữ㗗炻冯䣦⋨⭞攟䘬倗专⍲䚠斄屯㸸䘬⺽ℍᶲ炻⇯栗⼿䚠⮵ 庫⻙ˤ⚈㬌炻⬠㟉ㅱ⻟⊾冯⭞攟䣦⋨䘬倗专炻嬻⭞攟冯䣦⋨䘬≃慷炻ᶵ㗗⛐䈑岒 Ⰼ朊䘬䴻屣ˣ䈑屯ˣ姕⁁ᶲ㓗㎜⬠㟉彎⬠炻㚜傥⛐Ṣ≃冯⮰攟㕡朊 㚜㶙ℍ䘬⺽ℍ 冯忳䓐炻啱䓙Ṣ⒉ˣ䴻屣ˣ䈑屯ˣ姕⁁ˣ䑘⠫㔜橼䘬䳸⎰ˣḺ≽冯忳䓐炻ẍ⍂㢵⬠ 㟉斄Ὢ屯㛔炻㍸㖯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ˤ 炷Ḵ炸┬䓐䞍嬀䭉䎮⮶ℍ㧁㸾㳩䦳炻Ὣ忚埴㓧㚵⊁∝㕘 ⽆㛔䞼䨞䘬↮㜸䘤䎦炻⛐⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥⎬Ⰼ朊䘬⼿↮ᶲ炻∝㕘埴㓧㚵⊁㓰 傥䘬⼿↮䁢㚨Ỷ炻栗䣢⬠㟉㔁ⷓ⮵㕤⬠㟉埴㓧㚵⊁ᷳ堐䎦庫ᶵ娵⎴ˤ⛐屯妲⊾䘬㕘 㗪ẋ炻䥹Ⰼ橼⇞䘬ˬⰌⰌ䭨⇞˭⇞⹎炻忈ㆸ⬠㟉埴㓧䘬⊾烊⚈㬌炻⬠㟉ㅱㇻ䟜冲 㚱䘬䥹Ⰼ⿅䵕炻⫽做ᾉả䘬⬠㟉㯋㯃炻忳䓐屯妲䥹㈨ⶍ℟⺢䩳䞍嬀䭉䎮䲣䴙炻᷎⻰ ⿏婧㔜⬠㟉埴㓧⇞⹎炻⮶ℍ㧁㸾⊾ἄ㤕㳩䦳炷Standard Operating Procedure, S.O.P.炸炻 ẍ㓡┬⬠㟉ℏ悐ᷳⶍἄ㳩䦳炻Ὣ忚䳬䷼䞍嬀䘬呬䧵ˣ㳩≽ˣ↮ṓ冯ㅱ䓐炻ↅ倂㓡朑ˣ ∝㕘ˣ⎰ἄˣ↮ṓ䘬埴㓧㔯⊾㯃⚵炻啱ẍ㍸⋯⬠㟉㔜橼ᷳ䴻䆇㓰傥冯䪞䇕≃ˤ㛔䞼䨞䳸㝄栗䣢炻⎬㟉ᷳ⬠㟉Ṣ≃屯㛔列⤥炻䃞侴ḇ䘤䎦㔁ⷓ⛐婚䦳㔁⬠䱦忚炻 ⍲∝㕘㔁㛸䘬䞼䘤ᶲ堐䎦庫⻙烊忁栗䣢炻䔞⇵⬠㟉㔁做Ṣ⒉⛯℟枿Ἓᷳ䳈岒炻㟉ℏ ⬀㚱寸㱃䘬ˬ朄ンṢ≃屯㛔˭烊Ữ㗗炻⛐䎦Ṳ䪞䇕㽨䁰䘬䞍嬀䴻㾇㗪ẋ炻劍天⃭ấ㍸ 㖯⬠㟉㔁做䘬䪞䇕≃炻⯙天㍸㖯㟉ℏ≽ン䘬ˣ㚱㓰䘬Ṣ≃屯㛔ˤ⚈㬌炻⬠㟉昌Ḯ溻 ⊝㔁ⷓ⛐㔁⬠冯婚䦳ᷳ∝㕘冯䞼䘤烊Ṏ⎗ㆸ䩳㔁ⷓ嬨㚠㚫⍲㔁ⷓ⮰㤕䘤⯽䣦佌炻溻 ⊝㔁ⷓ⮰㤕↮ṓ烊ㆾ德忶㔁⬠夾⮶ˣ㔁⬠奨㐑ˣ䋶⊝埴≽䞼䨞䫱Ἦ䱦忚婚䦳㔁⬠傥 ≃炻᷎┬䓐䫾䔍倗䚇䫱㕡⺷炻Ἦ㒜㔋普橼㘢ㄏ炻ẍὫ忚婚䦳㔁⬠ᷳ∝㕘ˤ 炷⚃炸ẍˬ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔ɦ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇˭䎮婾㧉⺷炻ἄ䁢㍸⋯⬠㟉∝ 㕘䴻䆇㓰傥䘬⍫侫ὅ㒂 ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔⛐⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇↮㜸⍲姢㕟ᶲ炻Ὢ䁢䚠䔞⮎䓐䘬䎮婾㟮 㝞炻℞⎗ἧ⏦Ṣẍ䴙㔜ˣ䞍嬀冯⊁⮎䘬奨溆⮑夾媠⣂⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ㆸ㓰ˤ侴劍天ẍ ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔ᷳ奺⹎⮎晃枿㜸⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥炻⇯枰啱↮㜸姢㕟ⶍ℟炻㕡 傥枮⇑䁢ᷳˤ㛔䞼䨞䶐墥ᷳˬ㘢ㄏ屯㛔⓷⌟˭ˬ∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥⓷⌟˭䫱䞼䨞ⶍ ℟炻⛐ᾉˣ㓰⹎ᶲ⯂䧙列⤥ˤ⚈㬌炻⬠㟉⎗ἧ䓐㛔䞼䨞䘤⯽ᷳ⓷⌟炻䓐ẍ㖶䝕⬠ 㟉䘬㘢ㄏ屯㛔⍲∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ˤ䴻忶⓷⌟⭊奨⊾䘬㔠㒂⏰䎦炻ℵ≈ᶲ⮵⬠㟉夷㧉ˣ 㔯⊾傰䴉䣦⋨㛇⼭䘬䎮妋炻廱⊾䁢⬠㟉䴻䆇冯彎⬠䘬㕡⎹炻憅⮵庫㛒叿≃ˣ⾥䔍 ㆾ唬⻙ᷳ嗽⣂≈叿⡐炻ẍ㯪㓡┬⍲㍸⋯ˤ
ՃМᝦ!
㕡Ἓ㠭炷2006炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔堉慷㊯㧁ᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳㕘 䪡㔁做⣏⬠炻㕘䪡ⶪˤ 㮃㥖㔔炷2004炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔㍊䳊⿏ᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳ᷕ㬋 ⣏⬠炻▱佑䷋ˤ ⏛⬱⥖炷2002炸ˤ⇾㜸㘢ㄏ屯㛔ˤ㚫妰䞼䨞㚰↲炻204炻57-66ˤ ⏛㖶㶭炷2007炸ˤ㔁做䞼䨞—➢㛔奨⾝冯㕡㱽↮㜸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉Ḽ⋿ˤ ⏛㖶昮炷2009炸ˤAmos 䘬㑵ἄ冯ㅱ䓐ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉Ḽ⋿ˤ ⏛㶭Ⱉ炷2004炸ˤ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䎮⾝冯䫾䔍ˤ㔁ⷓ⣑⛘炻128炻30-44ˤ 㜿㖶⛘炷2004炸ˤ㔁做柀⮶⮎晃䘬∝㕘冯䨩䟜ˤ㔁做䞼䨞㚰↲炻119炻117-122ˤ 㜿⬇䏒炷2008炸ˤ檀晬䷋ⶪ⚳㮹⮷⬠㟉攟⮰㤕柀⮶ˣ㔁ⷓ⮰㤕䘤⯽冯⬠㟉䳬䷼∝㕘斄 Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳⯷㜙㔁做⣏⬠炻⯷㜙䷋ˤ㜿㕘䘤炷2003炸ˤ恲⋨✳⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠䴻䆇∝㕘䫾䔍⍲⮎㕥ㆸ㓰ᷳ䞼䨞ˤ埴㓧昊⚳⭞䥹 ⬠⥼⒉㚫⮰柴䞼䨞ㆸ㝄⟙⏲炷䶐嘇烉92WFA0B00048炸炻㛒↢䇰ˤ 㜿佑⯷炷2001炸ˤⶪ⟜⮶⎹ˣ䳬䷼⬠佺ˣ䳬䷼∝㕘冯䳬䷼䷦㓰攻斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞烉ẍ䥹⬠ ⚺⋨屯妲暣⫸䓊㤕䁢ἳ炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ⌂⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳ᷕⰙ⣏⬠炻檀晬ⶪˤ 㜿䬙䐑炷2005炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⬠∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢䀋 ⷓ䭬⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 㳒⚳炷2009炸ˤ⛀昲㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯∝㕘䷦㓰ᷳ斄倗⿏——ẍ普橼㓰傥䁢ᷕṳ嬲枭炷㛒 ↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳旚⣏⬠䭉䎮⬠昊炻㟫⚺䷋ˤ 㳒㥖㗕ˣ䌳⃫䍲炷2005炸ˤ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䘬㍐ㇳ——Innoschool ⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䋶ˤ㔁 ⷓ⣑⛘炻134炻73-82ˤ ⼸㖻䓟炷2008炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠℔ℙ斄Ὢˣ䳬䷼∝㕘䴻䆇冯⬠㟉㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰 ᷳ⌂⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳灅㓧㱣⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 檀㵹䛇炷2008炸ˤ冢⊿䷋⚳㮹⮷⬠㟉攟柀⮶⍾⎹冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒 ↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ ⻝㖶廅炷2001炸ˤ䞍嬀䴻㾇㗪ẋ䘬⬠㟉䴻䆇䎮⾝ˤᷕ厗㮹⚳⬠㟉埴㓧䞼䨞⬠㚫ᷣ彎烉 ⬠㟉埴㓧婾⡯䫔ᶫ㫉䞼妶㚫ˤ2009 ⸜ 09 㚰 20 㖍炻⍾冒烉 http://web.cc.ntnu.edu.tw/~minfei/artical/schooladmin-14.pdf 昛Ἓ䥨炷2007炸ˤ⚳㮹ᷕ⬠㟉攟嬲朑柀⮶ˣ䞍嬀↮ṓ⮵⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥⼙枧ᷳ䞼 䨞——ẍ冢䀋⛘⋨ᷕ悐ᶱ䷋ⶪ䁢ἳ炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻 冢⊿ⶪˤ 昛ⅈ呱炷2006炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠℔ℙ斄Ὢ冯⬠㟉㓰傥ᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳 ⯷㜙㔁做⣏⬠炻⯷㜙䷋ˤ 昛⭞䲳炷2006炸ˤ℔䩳檀借⬠㟉䳬䷼㔯⊾冯㘢ㄏ屯㛔斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾 㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⋿⣏⬠炻冢⋿ⶪˤ 昛䳈⮔炷2008炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠㔁ⷓ䞍嬀䦣廱傥≃ˣ䳬䷼➟埴≃冯䳬䷼∝㕘䷦㓰斄Ὢᷳ䞼 䨞——ẍ冢ᷕⶪ䁢ἳ炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳⼘⊾ⷓ䭬⣏⬠炻⼘⊾䷋ˤ 㸗⽿㮹炷2006炸ˤ㓧⣏旬ᷕ∝㕘䴻䆇䘬䎮⾝冯䫾䔍ˤ㔁做䞼䨞㚰↲炻145炻59-72ˤ 湫⬿栗炷2004炸⸛堉妰↮⌉䘬➢㛔奨⾝⛐⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᶲ䘬ㅱ䓐ˤ㔁做䞼䨞㚰↲炻 124炻52-58ˤ 湫䥳搦炷2009炸ˤ冢䀋⛘⋨⚳㮹ᷕ⬠㟉攟䞍嬀柀⮶ˣ⬠佺䣦佌冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄 Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ⌂⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 湫㴟Ⱉ炷2008炸ˤ冢⋿䷋ⶪ⚳㮹⮷⬠㘢ㄏ屯㛔冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ 䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⋿⣏⬠炻冢⋿ⶪˤ
湫㘢炷2009炸ˤℑⱠ⇵㛇ᷕ䫱㔁做昶㭝㟉攟䞍嬀柀⮶冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼 䨞——ẍ冢⊿ⶪ⋿Ṕⶪ䁢ἳ炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ ⶪˤ 湫䑲楁炷2007炸ˤ㟫⚺䷋⚳㮹⮷⬠㟉攟䞍嬀柀⮶冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒 ↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 叱㗍㪣炷2008炸ˤ⬠㟉䳬䷼屯㛔⍲℞∝㕘䴻䆇䫾䔍ᷳ䞼䨞——ẍ㟫⚺䷋⚳㮹⮷⬠䁢ἳ 炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ⌂⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ ∱㖶炷2008炸ˤ㟫⚺䷋⚳㮹⮷⬠⛀昲䳬䷼忳ἄ冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒 ↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 哉䲼⦧炷2005炸ˤ⬠㟉䴻䆇∝㕘㧉⺷冯堉慷㊯㧁⺢㥳ᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ⌂⢓婾㔯炸ˤ ⚳䩳冢⋿⣏⬠炻冢⋿ⶪˤ 岜㋗㪲炷2008炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠㟉攟嬲朑柀⮶冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇ᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾 㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳ᷕ㬋⣏⬠炻▱佑ⶪˤ 榙㗙⏃炷2008炸ˤ⬠㟉䞍嬀䭉䎮⮶⎹ˣ栆✳冯∝㕘䴻䆇斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞——ẍ冢⊿䷋ⶪ InnoSchool䌚䋶⬠㟉䁢ἳ炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢䀋ⷓ䭬⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 嫅㖶㖯炷2008炸ˤ冢澱䷋⚳㮹⮷⬠⑩䇴䭉瀲冯⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥ᷳ䚠斄䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰 ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳灅冢澱㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 嫅⁛ⲯ炷2007炸ˤẍ⸛堉妰↮⌉䎮⾝⺢㥳⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠∝㕘䴻䆇㓰傥㊯㧁ᷳ䞼䨞炷㛒↢ 䇰ᷳ⌂⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳䩳冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 嫅ㄏ枛炷2004炸ˤ⚳⮷㔁ⷓ⮵⬠㟉㘢ㄏ屯㛔䉨㱩ᷳ䞍奢䞼䨞炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ ⚳䩳冢⋿ⷓ䭬⬠昊炻冢⋿ⶪˤ 伭⚳Ⲙ炷2008炸ˤ㘢ㄏ屯㛔ˣ⬠䴉Ḻ≽⮵∝㕘䷦㓰䘬⼙枧——ẍ屯㸸㈽ℍ䁢⸚㒦㓰㝄 炷㛒↢䇰ᷳ䡑⢓婾㔯炸ˤ⚳旚⣏⬠䭉䎮⬠昊炻㟫⚺䷋ˤ
Abdolmohammadi, M. J. (2005). Intellectual capital disclosure and market capitalization.
Journal of Intellectual Capital, 6(3), 397-416.
Bassi, L. J., & Van Buren, M. E. (1999). Valuing investment in intellectual capital.
International Journal of Technology Management, 18(5/6/7/8), 414-432.
Bayburina, E., & Golovko, T. V. (2009). Synthesizing the intellectual value analysis for the organic growth: Chinese and large Russian companies case. Journal of
International Scientific Publications Economy & Business, 3(2), 232-253.
Bayburina, E. R., & Golovko, T. V. (2008). Intellectual value of the company and the factors of its growth: A panel study of the large Russian companies. Corporate
Bayburina, E. R., & Ivashkovskaya, I. V. (2007). Role of the intellectual capital in the value creation process of the large Russian companies. Bulletin of Finance Academy,
4, 53-63.
Boekestein, B. (2006). The relation between intellectual capital and intangible assets of pharmaceutical companies. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 7(2), 12.
Bontis, N. (1996). There is price on your head: Managing intellectual capital strategically.
Business Quarterly, Summer, 41-47.
Booth, R. (1998). The measurement of intellectual capital. Management Accounting,
76(10), 26-28.
Botkin, J. W. (1999). Smart business: How knowledge communities can revolutionize your
company. New York: The Free.
Brooking, A. (1996). Intellectual capital: Core asset for the third millennium enterprise. New York: International Thomson Business.
Dzinkowski, R. (2000). The measurement and management of intellectual capital.
Management Accounting, 78(2), 32-36.
Edvinsson, L., & Malone, M. S. (1997). Intellectual capital: Realizing your company’s
true value by finding its hidden roots. New York: Harper Collins.
Epstein, J. L., & Sanders, M. G. (2006). Prospects for change: Preparing educators for school, family, and community partnerships. Peabody Journal of Education, 81(2). 81-120.
Giovanni, S., & Antonio, L. (2008). Knowledge-based capital in building regional innovation capacity. Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(5), 121-136.
Grantham, C. E., & Nichols, L. D. (1997). A framework for the management of intellectual capital in the health care industry. Journal of Health Care Finance, 23(3), 1-19.
Hubert, S. O. (1996). Tacit knowledge: The key to the strategic alignment of intellectual capital. Strategy & Leadership, 24(2), 10-14.
Hudson, W. J., Wiley, J., & Sons (1993). Intellectual capital: How to build it, enhance it,
use it. Retrieved October 2, 2009, from
http://www.sveiby.com.au/IntellectualCapital.html
Johnson, W. H. (1999). An integrative taxonomy of intellectual capital: Measuring the stock and flow of intellectual capital components in the firm. International Journal of
Kamath, G. B. (2007). The intellectual capital performance of Indian banking sector.
Journal of Intellectual Capital, 8(1), 28.
Kelly, A. (2004). The intellectual capital of schools: Analyzing government policy statements on school improvement in light of a new theorization. Journal of
Education Policy, 19(5), 609-629.
Knight, D. J. (1999). Performance measures for increasing intellectual capital. Strategy &
Leadership, 27(March-April), 22-27.
Lönnqvist, A. (2004, September). Are performance measures of intangible success factors useful? Paper presented at the proceedings of the 5th International CINet
Conference, Sydney, Australia.
Lynn, B. E. (1998). Intellectual capital. CMA Magazine, February, 10-15.
Lynn, L. K., & Dallimore, P. (2004). Intellectual capital: Management attitudes in service industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5(1), 181-194.
Masoulas, V. (1998). Organizational requirements definition for intellectual capital management. International Journal of Technology Management, 16(2), 126-143. McElroy, M. W. (2002). Social innovation capital. Journal of Intellectual Capital 3(1),
30-39.
Molyneux, A. (1998). IC and the ASCPA: Seeking competitive advantage. Australian
CAP, 68(5), 27-28.
Nazari, J. A., & Herremans, I. M. (2007). Extended VAIC model: Measuring intellectual capital components. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 8(4), 14.
Roos, J., Roos, G., Edvinsson, L., & Dragonetti, N. C. (1997). Intellectual capital:
Navigating in the new business landscape. New York: New York University.
Rothstein, R. (2004). Class and schools: Using social, economic, and educational reform
to close the black-white achievement gap. New York: Teachers College Press.
Stewart, T. A. (1994). Your company’s most valuable asset: Intellectual capital. Fortune,
130(7), 68-74.
Stewart, T. A. (1997). Intellectual capital: The new wealth of organizations. New York: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group.
Sudman, S. (1976). Applied sampling. New York: Academic Press.
Sveiby, K. (1998). Intellectual capital: Thinking ahead. Australian CPA, 68(5), 18-22. Ulrich, D. (1998). Intellectual capital = Competence × commitment. Sloan Management
Review, 39(2), 15-26.
