ඒߛઔߒႃע
รնԼᙀรԲཚʳ 2004 ڣ 6 ִʳ 211-240
࡚ᄺᓺ፴ᄂಬሄᏲცᇄ!
ᇯџఀৱᙛڙ࡙ࣺᜰӰશϞଆ
ሾ ႆ ⭔ ဢ ! ࡌ
ءઔߒڱڇ൶ಘխ՛ᖂඒஃ৬ዌᚌᔆኔ᎖ᖄൣቼፖᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫հઌ ᣂڂైΖຘመം࠴Δᓳ 675 ټխ՛ᖂඒஃऱऄΖം࠴࣠א SPSS ᇘ࿓ڤၞ۩
༴૪อૠΕڂై։࣫Εt ە᧭Εڂ᧢ฆᑇ։࣫֗ڍցດޡಱូቃྒྷၞ۩։࣫Ζ ઔߒ࣠࿇ඒஃࠠໂઔߒࢬᖂᖵΔԼڣאՂհٚඒڣᇷΔۖམᆖᖜٚኔ
᎖ᖄඒஃڣאՂᆖ᧭ृΔ।נለ्ࡳፖ֭৬ዌᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣቼፖ ᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ઌᣂڂైΖ
ڼ؆ΔՈ࿇ٵრေၦ᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΕጉᙇኔ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΕᑗ࣍൷
࠹ေၦ֗ၞ۩֘ઊ৸ەΕᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ڂైΔኙ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣ
ቼΔ݁ࠠڶቃྒྷய࣠Ζ܀ࠡխေၦ᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΔࢬ౨࿇ཀऱᐙԺ࿑ೣ܅Ζ ጵٽᖞ᧯৬ዌᚌᔆኔ᎖ᖄൣቼհດޡ։࣫࣠Δױאංᓵٽኔ᎖ᖄΔ ፖᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ઌᣂڂైΔᒔኔኙ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆኔ᎖ᖄൣቼڶᐙԺژڇΖ
ᜢᗖຒǺჴಞᇶᏤნǵ௲ৣᙍભڋࡋ
ጰᅸ⪮Ǵ୯ҥࡹݯεᏢ௲ػᏢسୋ௲
ႝηແҹࣁǺ[email protected]
ዺВයǺ2004 ԃ 1 Д 28 ВǹঅुВයǺ2004 ԃ 5 Д 7 Вǹ௦ҔВයǺ2004 ԃ 5 Д 21 В
Bulletin of Educational Research June, 2004, Vol. 50 No. 2 pp. 211-240
The Relationship between the Need to Improve the Teacher Internship Program and Support
for the Teaching Career-Ladder
Pi-Lien Tsai A b s t r a c t
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the need to im- prove the teacher internship program and support for the teaching career-ladder, which itself depends on the mentoring of interns. The questionnaire was designed to investi- gate teachers’ opinions on these two issues; the participants were 675 elementary, jun- ior high, and senior high school teachers. The main findings are as follows: (1) Teach- ers who have master degrees, have taught for more than 10 years, and have served as mentors for more than 4 years show more agreement, both about improving the teacher internship program and about supporting the teacher career-ladder; (2) Such factors as willingness to be evaluated when mentoring teacher interns, acceptance the selection criteria of mentors for teacher interns, willingness to be evaluated and to reflect on one’s classroom teaching, and approval of the teaching career-ladder can significantly predict the improvement of the teacher internship program. It is concluded that these findings can serve as an ideal reference index for educational policy in the promoting of an effective teacher internship program and an acceptable teaching career-ladder system.
Keywords: teacher internship program, teaching career-ladder, mentoring system
Pi-Lien Tsai, Assosciate Professor, Department of Education, National Chengchi Uni- versity
E-mail: [email protected]
Manuscript received: Jan. 28, 2004; Modified: May 7, 2004; Accepted: May 21, 2004
ಥăჰ! ኢ
ඒߛኔਢอᖞᓵࡉኔ೭ऱ᧭ᢞࢤᓰ࿓ΔطஃᇷഛߛᖲዌऱՕᖂඒࡉኔ
ᖂீऱ᎖ᖄඒஃΔ٥ٵ᎖ᖄኔඒஃΔሒګඒߛኔऱٚ೭Ζࠡၴյ೯ऱᖵ࿓
ፖᔆΔኙ֧࣍ᖄኔඒஃႉܓၞԵඒᖂسෑΔࠠڶᣂऱᐙΖ
܀ਢኔΔլ֜ױ౨אᑑᄷ֏ऱᖵ࿓ၞ۩ΔڂඒᖂྤऄԫऴڇႉዃΕ୲࣐Ε ߓอ֏ڶٚ۶ܺឫऱൣउՀΔၞ۩ᓤᠧऱᖂΖ،ױ౨ךየ໌ᄅࠠڶޏ
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ኔඒஃڇኔॣཚΔֺለೣړऴ൷ࠠ᧯ऱ᎖ᖄᑓڤΖਚ D. Copeland ᎁ
ڇኔॣཚΔਐᖄඒࡉ᎖ᖄඒஃࡵ٥ٵಘᓵࠀ༼ࠎऴ൷ऱڃ墅ኔඒஃΔڇ ኔ৵ཚঞױאղለڍऱၴ൷᎖ᖄΔᨃኔඒஃᖂᄎ۞ݺ։࣫ඒᖂऱ౨Ժ ΰ Cooper, 1995 αΖ ࢬ א ڶ ࠄ ஃ ᇷ ഛ ߛ ᖲ ዌ ፖ ኔ ᖂ ீ ၴ ݮ ګ ኃ ۴ ᣂ এ ΰpartnershipαΔطኔඒஃፖᖂீඒஃΕ۩ਙԳࡉᖂسࢬิګΖຘመຍጟኃ۴ ᣂএΔኔඒஃױאᛵᇞࠡהඒஃऱრߠΔ։ࠆඒᖂᆖ᧭ࢨᄅऱរΖ
John Goodladנठπݺଚխ՛ᖂ֗آࠐऱඒஃΚHolmes Group ऱᖄρ৵Δ
ၲࡨআګٺՕᖂࡉխ՛ᖂऱ٥ٵઔߒፖٽ܂ܛਢ᧩ထऱࠏΔࠡؾऱਢޏ
ஃᇷഛߛૠऱᔆΔᎁՕᖂඒૉګஃᇷഛߛऱറ୮Δؘႊڇඒᖂፖઔ ߒழΔፖխ՛ᖂऱᇷඒஃٽ܂ΔՈቔᚐխ՛ᖂګኔඒஃ֗Օᖂඒױאߓ อ֏ᒭ֗᧭ᢞᓵऱᇷᄭΖڇխ՛ᖂፖՕᖂٽ܂ᣂএխΔ᎖ᖄඒஃലފዝڍ ߡۥΔ៶ထᨠᐰΕ፦ႃᇷறΕᇢ᧭ᓵΔא֗֘ઊඒᖂࢬ࿇سऱᆖ᧭Δۖګઔ ߒृΖຍጟᆖ᧭ࠩஃᇷඒߛऱᓰ࿓ΔګಘᓵऱଡூΔࠌᄷඒஃऱᖂመ࿓Δ ڶᖲᄎലᓵࡉኔ೭ףאຑΖࢬאΔ᎖ᖄඒஃլᅮኔඒஃऱᖂΔᝫ
ඒᖄኔඒஃኙඒᖂംᠲ֗ࠡױ౨ࢤޓԵ։࣫ፖᛵᇞΖڂۖΔ᎖ᖄඒஃਢኔ
ඒஃॣཚኔᎾᖙ܂ᆖ᧭խรԫଡ൷ᤛऱԳΔՈਢᨃஃᇷഛߛᖲዌऱᖂسኙ࣍ඒᖂ ڶࠠ᧯ᄗ࢚ऱԳΖࠡ౨ጐຂފዝࠡߡۥழΔኙ࣍ஃᇷഛߛڶॺൄૹऱრᆠΰDana, 1998αΖ
ڶᦸ࣍ኔ᎖ᖄऱૹࢤΔഏઝᄎၞ۩ߓ٨հᖞٽীૠψ᎖ᖄඒஃࠫ৫ऱ
ቤωૠψݺഏኔ᎖ᖄඒஃေᦸᑓڤωΰᄘ৸Δ1998αΔܑ൶ಘڶᣂ᎖
ᖄඒஃऱေᦸᑓڤΔຘመ৬مᒤऱਐᑑፖေᦸᑓڤΔࠐ༼ࣙ᎖ᖄऱᜎயΔࠀኙ
᎖ᖄඒஃऱቔᚐൻਜףא൶࣫ΖBenner ፖ Judgeΰ2000αڇτஃᇷᄷໂΚ౨Ժ࿇
୶ᑓڤυխΔ༼ࠩڇஃᇷඒߛᄷໂඒߛᓰ࿓խΔኔࠫ৫ᚨᇠቤԫᚷ֒᎖ᖄ ඒஃऱૠΖױߠڶؘ৸ەኙ࣍।ᚌߐऱ᎖ᖄඒஃΔղࠠ᧯ऱቔᚐΖ׆㍦
༡ΰ1997αམറ֮൶ಘഏا՛ᖂኔ᎖ᖄඒஃհᑻᚐൻਜΔਐנૉآࠐኔਜඒஃ
్ࠫ৫Δኔ᎖ᖄඒஃ೭ࡵԵඒஃ్Ζޕႁΰ1997αڇݺഏኔ᎖ᖄ ඒஃഛಝֱூհቤઔߒխΔਐנٽኔ᎖ᖄඒஃഛಝࠫ৫ፖඒஃسෑၞၸࠫ
৫Δਢലኔ᎖ᖄࠫ৫إڤࠫ৫֏ऱֱऄΖ׆୮ຏΕພࣔഘΰ1993αڇτݺഏኔ
ඒஃࠫ৫ڶᣂઔߒհ൶ಘፖေ࣫υխΔՈ༼נ৬مψߜஃ᎖ᖄࠫ৫ωΔٽඒஃ سෑၸඪΔאᏺףඒஃދԵඒᖂհᎈڂऱ৬ᤜΖZeichnerΰ2002αڇτ၌။ኔࠫ
৫ऱႚอዌυԫ֮ΔՈਐנᚨૹီኔᖂீխ᎖ᖄඒஃፖ۩ਙԳڇᖞଡஃᇷ ඒߛᓰ࿓ፖխऱבנΔޓᚨ৬مᑻᚐऱൻਜΖױߠኙ࣍᎖ᖄඒஃࢬᖜٚऱՠ܂
ፖ।Δࡵەၦڇࠫ৫ՂףאૠΔႛղ壄壀ᐋ૿ࢨݮڤՂ֭ࢨቔᚐࠀլജΖ
߷ᏖΔૠࢨ৬مඒஃ్ࠫ৫Δࢨലڶܗ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣቼΔਢଖ
৸ەऱᤜᠲΔՈਢءઔߒऱઔߒ೯ᖲΖ
෮ă͛ᚥଣ
ʙăጭᏺԾڟᄄዲࣱݚ်ᏺቴڟဂᄄዲ!
ឈྥ৬مඒஃ్ࠫ৫ᄎ૿ᜯڍംᠲΔ܀،ऱᗨᄕრᆠڇ࣍༼ࠎඒஃسෑ
ၞၸ֗റᄐګ९ऱᖲᄎΔא֗ᒔঅඒஃऱᔆΔڂڼࡵ৸ەڕ۶܌ࣚംᠲΔބנ ױ۩ڶயऱຜஉࢨᑓڤΔאฤٽ৬مඒஃ్ࠫ৫ࢬࠐऱய墿Ζؾছፕקؑࢬ
ං೯ऱψඒᖂᖄஃωΰፕקؑਙࢌඒߛݝΔ2002αࠫ৫Δቫᇢڇ۩᧯ࠫփΔല ඒஃၸᐋףא։Δۖݮګԫጟኃ۴ऱᣂএΔ࠰ܗᄅٚඒஃറᄐՂऱګ९ΔኔᎾ Ղբᆖࠠໂඒஃ్ࠫ৫ऱრොΖ܀ኙ࣍ඒஃైᔆڶᣂࢤᐙऱኔඒஃ᎖ᖄ
ࠫ৫Δࠀآො።ڇփΖ
Arnoldΰ2002αঁ്᎖ᖄඒஃᚨࠠڶඒᖂᆖ᧭Δᅝ्ࠡक़၄ழၴΔ࠰ܗኔ
ඒஃᆰԺᖿᛯᇞެඒխᖂسऱംᠲழΔኔඒஃᄎֺለࠠڶ۞ॾΕլྡྷᐞΕ
ֺለ्ࡳ۞աऱᏝଖᨠΕॾ࢚ΕঞΕൕࠃඒऱრᆠΖࢬאஃᇷඒߛᓰ࿓ᚨ
ૠ༼ࠎ᎖ᖄඒஃࡉኔඒஃհၴ٥ٵᖂऱᖲᄎΔݮګփ৬ڶრᆠऱٽ܂ᖲ
ࠫΔၞ۩ڶؾऱհྡྷរ৸ە֘ઊඒᖂΔࠀૹီኔඒஃᗨᄕፖإ૿ऱޏ᧢ᖵ࿓Ζ
᎖ᖄඒஃຘመຍጟՠ܂ᆖ᧭ࢬขسऱյ೯ΔലᘜԵଡԳඒᖂփොխΔۖᛧറᄐ Ղऱګ९Δኙ۞աፖኔඒஃ݁ڶࢬܗ墿Μڂڼኔඒஃፖ᎖ᖄඒஃհၴऱյ೯
ᔆΔ֠ࠡਢ᎖ᖄඒஃऱ᎖ᖄګயᚨղאإီΔࠀኙ࣍।ᚌฆृ৬مࠠ᧯ऱᑻ ᚐᚷ֒ࠫ৫Ζ
ڂኔհছࢬᖂऱඒߛᓵΔڇኔᖵ࿓խΔᄎڂࡳऱᆖ᧭Εྡྷᐞڂ
ైۖ࠹եឫΖףՂኔඒஃڇྤऄᙇᖗፖቃཚ᎖ᖄඒஃᄎא۶ጟኪ৫ፖהյ೯Δ ٵழ૿ኙլᑵ൜ፖլࡳऱᖂ൶ൣቼΔࠡၴ૿ᜯऱᓵፖኔ೭ᆵΔࢬข سऱψኔᔼᖌωΰreality shockαΔॻᏁߓอऱ֧ᖄፖךٝऱ֭ག᧯ߓΔ༼ࠎࠡᚌ ᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄᖵ࿓Δթڶᖲᄎ᧭ᢞඒߛᓵΖࢬאΔઔߒኔඒஃਢܡڶᖲᄎၞ
۩ᚌᔆऱኔᖵ࿓Δא֗ࠡၴࢬ࿇سऱࠃൣΔڶܗ࣍ᛀ᧭ኔ᎖ᖄऱګயΖٍܛ
։࣫᎖ᖄඒஃኙ࣍ኔඒஃऱ᎖ᖄյ೯Δ֗ࠡࢬขسऱᐙΔױאᛵᇞڇՕᖂཚ
ၴࢬᖂऱඒߛᓵፖֱऄΔਢܡڂڇᓵፖኔ೭ᖙ܂ၴࢬขسऱពᄮۖࣂ
ΰwashed outαΛ1981 ڣ Zeichner ፖ Tabachnic ঁᔆጊඒߛኔೈᚥܗᄷඒஃψष ᄎ֏ωऱᖵ࿓؆Δਢܡਢኙ࣍ᓰ࿓ඒᖂ֗ᖂீኔ೭հၴऱԫጟྤயሎ܂ࡋΰ֧
۞ Young, 1998αΛ
ڂڼΔګפऱஃᇷඒߛᓰ࿓ΔאՕᖂഗ៕؆ΔᏁٽᔞழऱኔ֗ኔ
ᖂீᔞ৫ऱ֭Ζ1995 ڣ Ganser ঁਐנஃᇷඒߛᓰ࿓Ꮑ᎖ᖄඒஃޓڍऱऴ൷ދ ԵΔאᜍኔᖂீ֗ஃᇷඒߛၴऱᆵΔࠐޏኔඒஃൕஃᇷඒߛࠩٚඒᖂ
ீհၴऱ᠏ངൣउΔᝩ܍ԫࠄඒஃڇኔࢨඒᖂรԫڣΔൄսڇᖂᔞᚨΔۖլ ਢటإᖂړڕ۶ඒᖂऱွΰ֧۞ Arnold, 2002αΖط࣍ڇהԳඒᖂඒᖂਢԫ ጟਗᖏΔڂຘመᆖ᧭ऱᖂΔᏁڶ֘৸ऱᖲᄎΔຍጟፖהԳಘᓵࢬࠩऱ֘
৸Δਢૹऱᖂᆖ᧭Δ܀ຍጟಘᓵᆖ᧭Ոؘႊਢڜ٤Ε֭ࠩΕڶᚥܗࢤऱ
֘৸ࢤኙᇩΖՈ༉ਢᎅኔඒஃ౨۞طچፖ᎖ᖄඒஃಘᓵΕ։ࠆऄ֗ܺឫΔʳ ʳ ࠀຘመኙኔ೭ऱٽ܂ኙᇩΔ٥ٵᖂࢬࠩऱᖂᆖ᧭Δ༉ਢᚌᔆऱᖂൣቼ ΰLaBoskey & Richert, 2002αΖ
ࢬאΔᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣቼਢਐڇኔཚၴΔ૿ᜯࢬᘯऱኔᔼᖔழΔץਔΚ ߡۥऱ᠏᧢Ιᎁवऱ၏ΙඒጥΙՠ܂ᖜΙፖૹהԳᣂএऱᓳᔞΙᤚ
งᠦྤܗΕྤऄ፦ႃࠩࢬᏁऱᇷಛΙᑉऱԫڣΔյॾ֭֗གॾᘸഗ៕լߩ
ွழΔ౨֭ࠩག࠰ܗऱߓอΔאڶயऱڂᚨΰᓐጘⱎΔ2004αΖຏൄຍࠄ֭
ߓอࠐ۞࣍ኔᖂீऱ᎖ᖄඒஃΕઌᣂऱ۩ਙԳΕࠡהऱኔඒஃٵᕦא֗
ਐᖄඒΖ
܀ਢڕ࣠ྤऄڶயچᛧ֭࠰ܗΔኔඒஃ࣐ڶࡰഭऱტ࠹Ζྥۖඒஃඒ ᖂլᚨ࣍ࡰഭऱणኪΔᖂீऱറᄐԳڇᇷಛ֗ᨠ࢚ՂᚨڼᄮຏΔআၞඒᖂ Ղറᄐऱګ९Δאݮګඒஃسෑ࿇୶ՂऱԺੈᄭΖڂຘመඒஃٵᕦၴऱٌੌΔ ݮګࢬᘯऱψറᄐᖂ٥ٵ᧯ωΰBradley, 1994αΔ౨ڼ։ࠆΕઔߒࢨᚨش໌ᄅ ඒᖂֱऄፖૠΔቯ༡ᖂسऱᖵ࿓ΔࢬݮګऱᚌᔆඒᖂᛩቼΔඒஃհၴറᄐګ ९ऱᄗ࢚ፖኪ৫ঁ۞ྥݮګΖ
ኔඒஃ౨ڇψറᄐᖂ٥ٵ᧯ωխᖂΔܛრᘯထ᎖ᖄඒஃڶᖲᄎ༼ࠎࠡ
ൣፃՂऱ֭Ιࠀ᎖ᖄඒஃᄎലኔඒஃီ٥ٵՠ܂ऱኃ۴ᣂএΙڼ٥ٵ ٽ܂Δۖॺܗ֫ۖբΙ౨ڶᐘࢤچૠඒᖂփ୲ፖֱऄΙᝫ౨ࠩ᎖ᖄඒஃࠠ᧯
ऱڃ墅Ζڇ߷ጟൣቼխΔኔඒஃڶᖲᄎᖂᄎψటኔऱωඒᖂኔ೭ΔװᔞᚨإΕ
૿ऱٺጟᐘࢤᆖ᧭ΰBeck & Kosnik, 2002αΖຍࠄຟਢᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄᖵ࿓խ ࢬܧऱᔆΔۖਢᆖطጠऱ᎖ᖄඒஃࢬݮႿנࠐऱൣቼΔ߷ᏖΔኙ࣍ຍࠄ
᎖ᖄඒஃਢܡᚨղ्ࡳΛ
ԫᎁᑻᚐኔ᎖ᖄඒஃױ۩ऱֱڤץਔΚᚌ٣ղറᄐၞଥࢨഏփ؆ඒ ߛەኘऱᖲᄎΙಖפࢨඒߛ۩ਙጥጉᙇףរૠ։ᑻᚐΙՠ܂ᑻ८֗྇֟ᓰ ழᑇࢨՠ܂ᖜΰ׆㍦༡Δ1997Ιᄘ৸Δ1998αΖڕ࣠౨ജല᎖ᖄඒஃࢬݮႿ ऱᚌᔆኔൣቼףאေᦸΔאףរૠ։ऱֱڤΔᆵኔڇࠠ᧯ऱඒஃ్ࠫ৫ՂΔ ਢॺൄࠠ᧯ऱᑻᚐൻਜΔೈڶᖲᄎܮ֧ޓڍᚌߐऱඒஃᣋრᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃ؆Δኔ
ඒஃڇኔཚၴΔૉ౨ࠩ᎖ᖄඒஃൣፃՂऱ֭Ιီ٥ٵՠ܂ऱኃ۴Δ
ڼ٥ٵٽ܂Ιᝫ౨ڶᐘࢤچૠඒᖂփ୲ፖֱऄΙࠀ౨ࠩ᎖ᖄඒஃࠠ᧯ऱڃ 墅Δױאᖂࠩޓڶߓอፖࠠ᧯ऱඒᖂኔ೭Δڇ᧭ᢞඒᖂઌᣂऱᓵழΔڶֺለ
ࣔᒔऱֱٻΖࢬאΔ৬مڶயچᑻᚐᚷ֒᎖ᖄඒஃऱࠫ৫Δᚨ౨আګᚌᔆऱኔ
ൣቼΔॺൄଖઔߒ൶ಘΖ
ʠăൖϫဂᄄዲ֙ݙݚ်˛ˉደڟࣱᕛ!
ቤඒஃറᄐسෑऱ࿇୶Δբᆖཏሙ࠹ࠩᎁٵΔࢬא৬مඒஃسෑၸඪऱᄗ
࢚ΔᎁਢᖿᚐᚌߐඒஃऱڶயൻਜհԫΖ܀ਢ৬مඒஃسෑၸඪऱຝ։Δս ڶԫࠄᣂፖኔᔆՂऱᤜᠲᏁၞԫޡಘᓵΔ壆ڕ։్ᐉுေᦸऱࠉᖕࢨᑑᄷΕ ᑻᚐࢨઌᣂৱሖΕ։్ऱᣊܑࢨጠᘯΰᄘܾΔ1999Ι്ᐚᔲΔ1999ΙᑰሎཱུΔ 1999ΙᓐഛޘΔ1999αΖڕ࣠גา։࣫Δࠡխ່ᣂऱຝ։ᚨᇠਢ։్ᐉுေᦸ ऱࠉᖕࢨᑑᄷΔڂຍຝ։ڕ࣠ྤऄ।ኔᔆփොΔࢨੌ࣍ݮڤΔࢨທګլֆؓ
Δຟലྤऄኦ᧩։్ऱრᆠΔઌॾຍՈਢ२ڣࠐլឰچಘᓵඒஃ։్ࠫ৫Δথ սྥྤऄᆵኔऱڂైհԫΖ
ڶᣂ։్ऱᐉுᑑᄷΔࠉᖕ 2000 ڣ్խאՀᖂீ֗ؔᆇႼඒஃ։్֗ᐉ
ࡳᙄऄ౻ூร 13 යΔ։റᄐၞଥፖറᄐ।ԲႈΚറᄐၞଥਢਐඒஃ࣍ޢԫ్
ܑཚၴൕࠃറᄐၞଥհᖂ։ࢨழᑇΖറᄐ।ঞਢאඒᖂګ࣠Εᖂس᎖ᖄΕઔߒ ထ܂֗ࣚ೭ංᐖႈᐉփ୲Δආۍ։ૠ։ऄΔګᜎႊሒ 80 ։Ζࠉᖕຍጟᐉ
ுᑑᄷΔၞଥऱֱڤΔאᖂ։ᑇࢨழᑇᐉுऱࠉᖕΔኔঞڶࠄ១ฃΙ۟࣍റᄐ
।ऱඒᖂګ࣠Εᖂس᎖ᖄΕઔߒထ܂֗ࣚ೭ංᐖႈΔمრլᙑΔ܀ਢመ࣍
़ऑፖᦨอΔڶࠄੌ࣍ݮڤΖኙ࣍ᐉு࣠Δᛧவ్ऱඒஃΔ່ࠠ᧯ऱቔᚐਢ
྇ᓰழᑇΔࢨᏺף੍၀Δࢬאඒஃ։్ࠫ৫ڕ࣠ྤऄ֘ਠඒஃऱᜲᇷዌΔ ঞᎈڂΔޓஈࠠݮڤΔ܀থՈ૿ᜯᆖ၄ቃጩऱኔംᠲΖૉאತਙڂైΔᑉ ழྤऄං۩ඒஃ։్ࠫ৫Δឈਢᑉழױא൷࠹ऱطΖ܀גาංߒΔࠡኔᐉுऱ ᑑᄷ़ऑΕᦨอੌ࣍ݮڤΔױ౨ਢຍႈࠫ৫ྤऄං೯ऱૹڂైΖኙ࣍ᆖ၄א
؆ऱڂైࢬທګං۩ඒஃ։్ࠫ৫ऱܺቼΔۿࡵᗨᄕچൕറᄐऱᨠរףא൶ߒΖ ൕറᄐऱᨠរࠐΔඒஃ్ࠫ৫ࡵൕ৬ዌࠠ᧯ΕࣔᒔΕڶኔᔆփොΔۖԾ ױ۩ऱᐉுᑑᄷەၦΖڕ࣠ലຍࠄᐉுᑑᄷፖေᦸඒஃऱࠫ৫ٽΔᅝ᥆ઌᅝױ
۩ऱֱڤհԫΖ܀ਢڶᣂඒஃေᦸࢬ௫ऱംᠲޓᓤᠧΔࢨᚨ؆৸ەΜڂ
ඒஃ్ࠫ৫ޓᗨᄕऱොᆠΔਢ౨ജటإ༼ࣙඒஃऱඒᖂറᄐ౨ԺΔፖᖞ᧯
ऱඒߛైᔆΖ۩ඒߛࠫ৫ՀΔਢܡױ౨ᝩၲඒஃေᦸऱञᤜΔۖڇኔᔆሎ܂ߓ อխΔਝ౨ሒࠩ༼ࣙඒஃറᄐ౨ԺΔԾ౨ەၦඒஃ్ࠫ৫ऱუࡋΛࢬא৬ዌ ඒஃ్ࠫ৫Δۿױאٽؾছऱඒߛኔ᧯ࠫΔࠀൕ౻ᚵխհඒஃ։్֗ᐉ
ࡳᙄऄΔڇറᄐၞଥፖറᄐ।ԲႈᑑᄷխΔەၦאᖜٚኔ᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΔ
܂ඒஃ։్ᑑᄷհەਐᑑΔࢨຍᑌऱᐉுᑑᄷΔലޓࠠ᧯ΕࣔᒔΔڶ ኔᔆհփොΖ
ؾছڶᣂኔࠫ৫հउ֗᎖ᖄඒஃઌᣂઔߒհૹᓵץਔΚஃᇷഛߛᖲ ዌլ࣐༈ᔞᅝऱኔᖂீΙኔ᎖ᖄඒஃհפ౨ࠀآ࿇ཀΔኔ᎖ᖄඒஃຂ
ࠠ᧯հᒤΙᔞᅝᑻᚐᎈڂΔඒஃᖜٚኔ᎖ᖄඒஃऱრᣋΙኔ
ᖂீᚨშᙇᇷᚌߐඒஃਐᖄኔඒஃΙآࠠ᧯ቤኔᖂீઌᣂ࿓ݧऱሎ܂Δ آګمኔ᎖ᖄ՛ิऱֺࠏೣΙ᎖ᖄඒஃေᦸᑓڤΔᑻᚐፖေᦸൻਜࡵࠀૹլ ױೣᐒΙψറᄐၞଥൻਜωΕψ೭ᓳᖞωΕψ྇᎘ՠ܂ᖜωΔא֗ψᜲ੍ᇖܗωױ
܂ኔ᎖ᖄඒஃऱᑻᚐൻਜΙ৬ዌኔඒஃၞ۩ᚌᔆኔᖵ࿓հᐙڂైΰ׆
㍦༡Δ1997ΙຫܓੳΔ2001Ιᄘ৸Δ1998ΙᓐऺΔ1997ΙᓐጘⱎΔ2004Ιᠱ ᐜ壁Δ1998αΖ
ط࣍ඒߛኔխ᎖ᖄඒஃऱૹࢤլ୲࢙ီΔڂڼΔڕ۶ᙇᖗᔞᅝऱ᎖ᖄඒ
ஃΔࠀေၦࠡ᎖ᖄګயΔኙ।ጠፖᚌߐऱ᎖ᖄඒஃղאቯঠΔၞۖ৬مڶய ᚷ֒ࠫ৫ऱრොՀΔ।ᚌฆࢨጠृΔٵழ౨ᏺၞ᎖ᖄඒஃଡԳ֗ኔඒஃඒ ᖂറᄐՂऱګ९ፖյ೯ΰArnold, 2002αΖᅝ৬مᚷ֒ᚌߐ᎖ᖄඒஃऱࠫ৫ழΔඒ ஃ్ࠫ৫۞ྥݮګΖڂڇኔ᎖ᖄࠫ৫ऱਮዌՀΔଈ٣ݮګኔඒஃፖ᎖ᖄ ඒஃԲଡ్Ζڕ࣠ေᦸ᎖ᖄඒஃऱ᎖ᖄګயΔലױ౨۟֟٦ݮګԲଡ్Ζૉ
ຍጟუऄױאګمΔፖஃᇷഛߛᖲዌٽ܂ऱᖂீΔঁڶᖲᄎዌګኔඒஃΕ᎖ᖄ ඒஃΰࠏڕေᦸᚌΕေᦸױαΕԫඒஃլٵᐋ్ΖࢬאΔຘመኔ᎖ᖄࢬݮګ ऱඒஃ్ࠫ৫Δࢨലڶᖲᄎᖿᚐᚌߐऱඒஃᖜٚኔ᎖ᖄඒஃΔڇڼൣउՀΔ ᚌᔆऱኔൣቼലڂᚌߐඒஃᗨᄕፖۖ৬ዌݮګΖࢬאٽኔ᎖ᖄ৬مඒஃ
్ࠫ৫Δਢॺൄଖ৸ەၞ۩ऱԫႈਙΖ
ױߠΔኔࠫ৫ᚨᇠᗨᄕቤࠀ৬مߓอ֏ᑻᚐ֗ᚷ֒᎖ᖄඒஃऱࠫ৫Δᚨ ղאૹီΖഗ࣍ᎁࡉለڣ᎘ऱኔඒஃٽ܂Δ౨ᨃ۞աᛵᇞڇऱଚڇუ ࠄչᏖΙࢨਢഗ࣍ࠌࡎტࢨዊᥩტΔۖᣋრᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃΰBenner & Judge, 2000α ऱൣݮΔۿլ౨ࢬᅝྥچཚઐࢬڶ᎖ᖄඒஃຟᚨڶຍࠄᎁवࢨࠌࡎΖࢬא
ಘᓵ᎖ᖄඒஃऱԳᔆΕڕ۶ᙇᖗፖေᦸ᎖ᖄඒஃΕ৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣቼΰ׆
༡㍦Δ1997Ι႓ᙩ॑Δ1998Ιᄘ৸Δ1998ΙᓐऺΔ1997ΙᓐጘⱎΔ2004Ιᠱ ᐜ壁Δ1998ΙᤕةࣔΔ1998αΔױ౨սྤऄᤛ֗ംᠲऱு֨ΔՈլ֜ฤٽኔ᎖ᖄඒ ஃڇኔࠫ৫խࢬފዝհᣂߡۥऱچۯΖ׆୮ຏΕພࣔഘΰ1993αΕ׆㍦༡ ΰ1997αΕޕႁΰ1997αΕZeichnerΰ2002αڇઌᣂऱઔߒխΔ݁༼֗ലኔ᎖
ᖄඒஃ೭Եඒஃ్Δ܂ඒஃسෑၞၸհᎈڂΔאቔᚐኔᖂீխ᎖ᖄඒ ஃፖ۩ਙԳڇᖞଡஃᇷඒߛᓰ࿓ፖխऱಥΖࢬאΔᗨᄕچቤലኔ᎖ᖄ
ࠫ৫Δፖ৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫ףאٽΔڶઔߒऱؘࢤΖ
ણăࡁտనࢍᄃඕڍ
ʙăੰ֢௩ࡎჄ˷ٙ!
ءઔߒऱؾऱΔڇ൶ಘ৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣቼፖᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ઌᣂڂ
ైΖຘመ֮։࣫֗ኔ೭᎖ᖄᆖ᧭֨Δᒳ፹ψٽஃᇷඒߛ᧯ߓፖխ՛ᖂඒஃ
ኔ᎖ᖄࠫ৫Δ৬ዌᗨᄕࢤऱඒஃ్ਮዌᓳം࠴ωΔ൶ಘխ՛ᖂඒஃኙ࣍৬ዌ ᚌᔆඒߛኔൣቼ֗ٽஃᇷඒߛፖኔ᎖ᖄࠫ৫Δ৬ዌඒஃ్ਮዌհၴऱრ ߠΖ
ᓳઔߒ࣍ 2003 ڣཔཚၴΔףਙՕཔཚၞଥڣԫᓰ࿓֗รԲറ९ఄ
ΰଥֆاΕ୮ਙΕ᎖ᖄΕጵٽᏆΕᖵΕچΕᇷ儙Εαઔऱඒஃ
ᓳኙွΔڶຝ։ፖਙՕપऱխ՛ᖂኔᖂீඒஃΔא֗ஃՕඒᖂጚՓఄΕ קؑةਞխΕקᗼ堚ֽխ٥ 675 ټඒஃ൷࠹რߠᓳΖᇡڕ। 1Ζം࠴
࣠א SPSSΰwindows 10.0 ठαᇘຌ᧯Δၞ۩ഗء༴૪อૠ։ૠΕڂై։࣫Εt ە᧭Εڂ᧢ฆᑇ։࣫Δ֗ດޡಱូቃྒྷ։࣫Ζ
ءം࠴٥ᒳ፹ 25 ᠲΔࠡխڶ 2 ᠲᣂ࣍೯ᄮຏԳऱᔆΙ12 ᠲڶᣂၲ࣋
ऱኔᛩቼΙ11 ᠲᣂ࣍ٽஃᇷඒߛፖኔ᎖ᖄࠫ৫Δ৬ዌඒஃ్ਮዌΖய৫ ຝ։Δආشڂై։࣫ऄΔאၗڂైࢼ࠷ऄΰPrincipal Axis FactoringαΔشٌ᠏
ၗऄΰObliminαၞ۩ڂై᠏ၗΔ᜔٥ࢼ࠷քႈڂైΔࢬีᗨऱᇞᤩ᧢ฆၦ
49.51%Ζᆖܔೈնᠲፖઔߒᓵਮዌᣂᜤࢤለ֟Δڂై։࣫࣠ዌఢೄઌᣂ
ଖೣ܅ृΰ< .35αΖ٦אٵᑌֱऄၞ۩ڂై։࣫ࢼ࠷ڂై֗ڂై᠏ၗ৵Δࠩնႈ
ڂైΔࢬีᗨऱᇞᤩ᧢ฆၦ 57.24%Δฤٽءઔߒऱ৬ዌய৫Δം࠴փຝԫીࢤ ऱॾ৫ Cronbach’s α ଖ.8802Δܔೈնଡᠲؾ৵հփຝԫીࢤ.9028Ζᇡڕ। 2Ζ ൕᇠ।։࣫ΔࠩնႈڂైΔ։ܑਢΚ
ڂైԫΚᑗ࣍༼ࠎᚌᔆኔൣቼΙ ڂైԲΚေၦ᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΙ ڂైԿΚጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΙ
ڂైΚᑗ࣍൷࠹ေၦ֗ၞ۩֘ઊ৸ەΙ ڂైնΚᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫Ζ
ے1 ቡޥᆺΏઅΏཥट˷ٙے
ᘸѿ ʡᆵ л˷̨Ğ%ğ ᒂࡎ Օᖂ Γ 531 78.7 ઔߒࢬ 139 20.6 ደጣ
ᇷறլ٤ Γ 5 Γ 0.7
675
ഏ՛ Γ 113 16.7
ഏխ 350 51.9
խ 206 30.5 وਜ਼ደम
ᇷறլ٤ 6 0.9
675
֮ Γ 175 Γ 25.9
ᑇᖂ۞ྥ 71 10.5 षᄎ᎖ᖄ 186 27.6 ᢌ౨୮ਙ 103 15.3
ࠡה 34 5.0
ഏ՛ 101 15.0
ψࠋά
ᇷறլ٤ Γ 5 0.7 675
3ڣאՀ 143 21.2
4-6 138 20.4
7-10ڣ 139 20.6
11-15ڣ 138 20.4
16ڣאՂ 115 17.0 ψБཥ
ᇷறլ٤ 2 0.3
675
լམᖜٚ Γ 396 58.7 آየ 1 ڣ 100 14.8 1-3ڣ 137 20.3 4ڣאՂ 30 4.4 ጊψᄄዲࣱБཥ
ᇷறլ٤ 12 1.8 675
ے2! ᏺቴဂჄൖϫဂᄄዲݚ်ᕛ֙ݙ˞ϰশ˷ٙࡎے
ᖠά̈́༴Ⴤ˱࣠ ϰশʙ ϰশʠ ϰশʭ ϰশͲ ϰশˤ F11 ݺᑗ࣍ലඒխऱኔ೭ൣउ༼ࠎඒߛઔߒհش .538
F12 ݺᑗ࣍༼ࠎኔඒஃൣፃՂऱ֭ .795 F13 ݺᑗ࣍༼ࠎኔඒஃඒᖂழࠠ᧯ऱڃ墅 .802 F14 ݺᑗ࣍ലኔඒஃီ٥ٵՠ܂ऱኃ۴ .804 F15 ݺᑗ࣍ፖኔඒஃ٥ٵٽ܂Δࠀॺႛലࠡီܗ֫ .782
F16 ݺւኔඒஃڶᐘࢤچૠඒᖂփ୲ፖֱऄ .764 F17 ݺᑗ࣍ኔඒஃقᒤٽऱඒᖂֱऄ .627 F21 ݺٵრ᎖ᖄኔඒஃऱګயΔױᆖط᎖ᖄඒֆၲ
چေၦ .923
F22 ݺٵრ᎖ᖄኔඒஃऱګயΔױᆖطኔඒஃֆၲ
چေၦ .902
F23 ݺٵრ᎖ᖄኔඒஃऱګயΔױԵ৬مඒஃ్
ࠫ৫ऱە .623
F31 ݺٵრ༼נ᎖ᖄኔඒஃհૠࠀᆖᐉு৵թ౨
ᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃ -.498
F32 ݺٵრጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΔਢڶრᣋᛵᇞኔ
ඒஃΔࠀኙࠡ৬مᔞ৫ऱཚ -.609 F33 ݺٵრጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΔਢࠠໂڶயऱԳᎾ
ᣂএፖᄮຏݾ؏ -.810
F34 ݺٵრጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΔਢڶრᣋፖהԳٽ
܂ -.886
F35 ݺٵრ᎖ᖄኔඒஃऱګயΔױᆖطᐊ܂ࢨ۩೯ઔ
ߒऱֱڤၞ۩۞ݺေၦ -.542 F41 ݺᑗ࣍ലඒᖂऱൣݮ൷࠹إڤऱေၦ .752 F42 ݺᑗ࣍ലඒᖂኔ೭אᐊ܂ࢨ۩೯ઔߒऱֱڤၞ۩
֘ઊࢤ৸ە .806
F51 ݺ्ࡳছኔඒஃ൷࠹ᇷඒஃ᎖ᖄऱࠫ৫ .622 F52 ݺٵრ৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫ .707 F53 ݺٵრᖜٚኔඒஃऱ᎖ᖄඒஃਢᇷඒஃऱຂ
ٚ
.629
ᐛଖ 7.339 2.514 1.505 1.045 1.002
᧢ฆᇞᤩၦ 34.61% 10.77% 5.59% 3.57% 2.70%
ีᗨᇞᤩၦ 34.61% 45.38% 50.96% 54.54% 57.24%
ം࠴խΔ2 ᠲ೯ᄮຏԳᔆΚψൄࡉٵࠃᄮຏඒᖂ࢚֗ऄ֨ωፖ ψٵრᖜٚඒஃऱԳᚨᇠࠠໂფ֨Εર֨Ε໌რΕٽ܂ፖၲ࣋ऱԳᔆωڇڂ
ై։࣫ழΔዌఢೄઌᣂଖೣ܅Δآሒ.35Ζ2 ᠲᣂ࣍ၲ࣋ऱኔᛩቼΚψኙ࣍ඒᖂ
ᓵፖኔ೭ऱऄፖኔඒஃऱ്լԫழΔᄎᐙݺ᎖ᖄኔඒஃऱګயωΕʳ ψٵრኔඒஃױאᙇᖗהऱኔ᎖ᖄඒஃωڂై։࣫ழΔዌఢೄઌᣂଖೣ܅Δ آሒ.35Ι 1 ᠲψٵრ᎖ᖄඒஃױאᙇᖗࢬ᎖ᖄऱኔඒஃωዌఢೄઌᣂଖឈ
࣍.35Δ܀ᇠᠲፖࢬܔհ 2 ᠲױូٵԫڂైΔ࠹ࠩܔᠲᐙΔႛໍ 1 ᠲΔી
ࠌڂై։࣫ូᣊᇞᤩய࣠լࠋΔࢬאԫࠓ٥ܔೈ 5 ᠲΖ
ψٵრ᎖ᖄኔඒஃऱګயΔױԵ৬مඒஃ్ࠫ৫ऱەωΰF23αፖ ψٵრ৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫ωΰF52αΔຟ᥆࣍ඒஃ్ࠫ৫Δڇၞ۩ڂై։࣫ழΔ
։ܑូԵψڂైԲΚေၦ᎖ᖄඒஃհګயω֗ψڂైնΚᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ωΔ ឈፖዌ৸հᓵ৬ዌڶנԵΔ܀սڇءઔߒױ൷࠹հ৬ዌᓵᒤΖ
ം࠴ᆖڂై։࣫৵ΔࢬࠩऱնႈڂైΔฤٽءઔߒࢬᣂ֊᎖ᖄඒஃߡۥ֗
چۯհૹࢤΔۖലࠡፖඒஃ్ࠫ৫ףאٽΔא৬ዌᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣቼΔ
༼ࣙኔ᎖ᖄऱפ౨ΖࠡխΔ᎖ᖄඒஃऱ᎖ᖄګயፖጉᙇයٙΔ۟ࠡਢܡᎁٵ
൷࠹ေၦࢨၞ۩֘ઊ৸ەΔຟᣂএထ᎖ᖄඒஃפ౨ऱ࿇ཀΔ֠ࠡኙኔඒஃ֗ஃ ᇷഛߛᖵ࿓ᐙΔۖຍࠄڂైՈຟᣂএထေၦඒஃ్ࠫ৫ऱਐᑑΔࢬאፖ ᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ઌᣂڂైࠓٵ൶ߒΖ
ط࣍ඒߛᅝݝኙ࣍ඒஃ్ࠫ৫ऱઌᣂઔߒፖቤΔࡸآݮګࠠ᧯࣠Δኙ
࣍റᄐ।ፖറᄐၞଥԲႈਐᑑऱऄΔսڶಘᓵऱ़ၴΖڂڼΔءઔߒݦඨ༉
۩ኔ᎖ᖄࠫ৫Δ༼נኙ࣍᎖ᖄඒஃհࡳۯ౨ղૹီࢨေၦࠡګயᨠរΔၞ
۩ፖ৬ዌ్ࠫ৫ٽհ൶ಘΖ
ʠăࠂՀൖَ!
ءઔߒᓳ࣠Δ։ܑףאඖ૪ڕՀΚ
)Ι*ϚӣఀৱधශᡐȂᄇ࡚ᄺᓺ፴ᄂಬცЅᇯџఀৱᙛڙ
࡙ࣺᜰӰશ৯ܒϞϷݙ!
אඒஃհᖂᖵΕࣚ೭ᖂீΕٚඒઝؾΕٚඒڣᇷ֗ᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃڣᇷհᆖ᧭
હན᧢ႈΔ։࣫ࠡኙ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣቼ֗ᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ऄऱฆ ࢤΔ࿇࣠Κ
1.ඒஃऱࣚ೭ᖂீ֗ٚඒઝؾլٵृΔኙ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣቼፖᎁױඒஃ
్ࠫ৫ऄΔڶ᧩ထऱฆࢤژڇΖܛྤᓵڇഏ՛Εഏխࢨխٚඒհඒ ஃΔ֗ࠡࢬٚඒᖂઝհฆΔኙ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣቼፖᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ऄΔ ࠀྤլٵΖ
2.ൕ। 3 ױवΔᖂᖵլٵΔܛઔߒࢬᖂᖵृΰܶઔߒࢬԼᖂ։ᄐαֺՕ ᖂᖂᖵृޓᑗ࣍༼ࠎᚌᔆኔൣቼΰڂైԫΚF13ΔF16ΔF17 ሒ.01 ॺൄ᧩ထֽᄷΙ F14ΔF15 ሒ.05 ᧩ထֽᄷαΙᑗ࣍൷࠹ေၦ֗ၞ۩֘ઊ৸ەΰڂైΚF41 ሒ.05
᧩ထֽᄷΙF42 ሒ.01 ॺൄ᧩ထֽᄷαΙ्ࡳඒஃ్ࠫ৫ΰڂైնΚF51ΔF52Δ F53ሒ.05 ᧩ထֽᄷαΚٵრڶጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΰڂైԿΚF33 ሒ.05 ᧩ထֽᄷΙ F32ΔF34ΔF35 ሒ.01 ॺൄ᧩ထֽᄷαΙٵრေၦ᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΰڂైԲΙF23 ሒ.05 ᧩ထֽᄷΙF21ΔF22 ሒ.01 ॺൄ᧩ထֽᄷαΖ
Ո༉ਢᎅΔೈԱψᑗ࣍ലඒխऱኔ೭ൣउ༼ࠎඒߛઔߒհشωΰF11αΕψᑗ
࣍༼ࠎኔඒஃൣፃՂऱ֭ωΰF12αΕψٵრ༼נ᎖ᖄኔඒஃհૠࠀᆖᐉு
৵թ౨ᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃωΰF31α؆ΔࠠڶઔߒࢬᖂᖵհඒஃΔڇࢬڶڂైհٺႈؾ Ղऱؓ݁։ᑇΔ݁᧩ထچ࣍ՕᖂᖂᖵऱඒஃΖٍܛઔߒࢬฅᄐऱඒஃΔࣔ᧩چ ለՕᖂฅᄐऱඒஃޓ्ࡳፖ֭৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣቼፖᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫Ζ
3.ൕ। 4 ױवΔٚඒڣᇷլٵऱඒஃΔኙᑗ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣቼΰڂైԫαΙ
्ࡳඒஃ్ࠫ৫ΰڂైնαΚٵრڶጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΰڂైԿαΙٵრေၦ
᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΰڂైԲαऄΔڶሒࠩ᧩ထฆֽᄷΖ܀ਢኙᑗ࣍൷࠹ေ
ၦ֗ၞ۩֘ઊ৸ەΰڂైαΚψലඒᖂኔ೭אᐊ܂ࢨ۩೯ઔߒऱֱڤၞ۩֘ઊࢤ
৸ەωΰF42αሒ.05 ᧩ထֽᄷΔঞڶ᧩ထऱฆΖ
ے 3! ࣱደጣ࣯୴ဇػಪռᏺቴဂ̅ݚ်ࣱᕛ֙ݙ
ٲ࣯୴ؒ˷ٙے
ᝐ ደጣ ʡᆵ үᆵ ᆿລ࣯ tࢄ
Օᖂ 531 3.849 .85
F11 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.986 .82 -1.694
Օᖂ 531 4.320 .61
F12 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.424 .63 -1.777
Օᖂ 531 4.273 .69
F13 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.482 .54 -3.305***
Օᖂ 531 4.341 .63
F14 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.496 .65 -2.568**
Օᖂ 531 4.286 .70
F15 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.453 .62 -2.553**
Օᖂ 531 4.369 .68
F16 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.540 .58 -2.724**
Օᖂ 531 4.143 .83
ڂ
ై ԫ
F17 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.367 .76 -2.876**
Օᖂ 531 3.508 .94
F21 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.799 .93 -3.253***
Օᖂ 531 3.478 .95
F22 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.727 .99 -2.709**
Օᖂ 531 3.444 .98
ڂ
ై Բ
F23 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.640 1.05 -2.063**
Օᖂ 531 3.783 .86
F31 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.835 .98 -.628
Օᖂ 530 4.075 .79
F32 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.273 .56 -2.771**
Օᖂ 531 4.260 .61
F33 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.381 .59 -2.070**
Օᖂ 531 4.275 .64
F34 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.482 .56 -3.432***
Օᖂ 531 3.760 .86
ڂ
ై Կ
F35 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.986 .83 -2.737**
Օᖂ 531 3.640 .89
F41 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.835 .88 -2.290**
Օᖂ 531 3.629 .87
ڂ
ై
F42
ઔߒࢬ 139 3.842 .89 -2.554**
Օᖂ 531 4.045 .85
F51 ઔߒࢬ 139 4.216 .79 -2.134**
Օᖂ 531 3.439 1.07
F52 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.683 1.02 -2.419**
Օᖂ 531 3.446 1.05
ڂ
ై ն
F53 ઔߒࢬ 139 3.741 1.00 -2.983**
** p < .01; ***p < .001
ے4 ࣱψБཥ࣯୴ဇػᇅػ֧ඟු̅ї̆߸ݦуٲ
࣯୴ؒ˷ٙے
շᝐ ψБཥ ʡᆵ үᆵ ᆿລჲ Fࢄ A.3ڣאՀ 143 3.713 .075
B.4-6ڣ 138 3.696 .076
C.7-10ڣ 139 3.741 .076
D.11-15ڣ 138 3.572 .076
F41
E.16ڣאՂ 115 3.704 .083
.739
A.3ڣאՀ 143 3.867 .073
B.4-6ڣ 138 3.667 .074
C.7-10ڣ 139 3.698 .074
D.11-15ڣ 138 3.601 .074
F42
E.16ڣאՂ 115 3.530 .081
2.793* A > D; A > E B > D; B > E C > D; C > E
*p < .05
ࠡխΔඒஃٚඒڣᇷԿڣאՀृΙ۟քڣृΙԮ۟ԼڣृΔ݁ڇ F42 ऱؓ
݁ᑇ։᧩ထچ࣍ٚඒڣᇷԼԫ۟ԼնڣፖԼքڣאՂृΖՈ༉ਢᎅΚٚඒڣ ᇷڇԼڣאՀऱඒஃΔࣔ᧩چለٚඒԼԫڣאՂऱඒஃΔޓ्ࡳፖ֭ലඒᖂ ኔ೭אᐊ܂ࢨ۩೯ઔߒऱֱڤၞ۩֘ઊࢤ৸ەΖ
4.ൕ। 5 ױवΔਢܡམᆖᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃᆖ᧭ऱඒஃΔኙᑗ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆኔൣ
ቼΰڂైԫαΙᑗ࣍൷࠹ေၦ֗ၞ۩֘ઊ৸ەΰڂైαΙٵრڶጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱ
යٙΰڂైԿαΙٵრေၦ᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΰڂైԲαऄΔڶሒࠩ᧩ထฆ
ֽᄷΖ܀ਢኙ्ࡳඒஃ్ࠫ৫ΰڂైնαऱऄΔঞψ्ࡳছኔඒஃ൷࠹
ᇷඒஃ᎖ᖄऱࠫ৫ωΰF51αሒ.05 ᧩ထֽᄷΙψٵრ৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫ωΰF52αΕ ψٵრᖜٚኔඒஃऱ᎖ᖄඒஃਢᇷඒஃऱຂٚωΰF53αሒ.01 ॺൄ᧩ထֽᄷΖ
ࠡխམᆖᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃԫ۟ԿڣΔ֗ڣאՂृΔڇ F51 ऱؓ݁ᑇΔ݁᧩ထ چ࣍آམᖜٚ᎖ඒஃᆖ᧭Δࢨᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃآየԫڣृΖམᆖᖜٚڣאՂ
᎖ᖄඒஃृΔڇ F52 ֗ F52 ऱؓ݁ᑇΔ݁᧩ထچ࣍آམᖜٚ᎖ඒஃᆖ᧭Δࢨᖜ
ٚ᎖ᖄඒஃآየԫڣृΔࢨᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃԫ۟ԿڣृΖՈ༉ਢᎅΔࠠໂᖜٚኔ
᎖ᖄඒஃᆖ᧭ڣאՂऱඒஃΔޓ्ࡳፖ֭ছኔඒஃ൷࠹ᇷඒஃ᎖ᖄ ऱࠫ৫Ι৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫ፖᖜٚኔඒஃऱ᎖ᖄඒஃਢᇷඒஃऱຂٚΖ
ے 5 ࣱጊψᄄዲࣱБཥ࣯୴ဇػڻסࣱᕛ֙ݙٲ࣯୴
ؒ˷ٙے
շᝐ ጊψᄄዲࣱБཥ ʡᆵ үᆵ ᆿລჲ Fࢄ A.լམᖜٚ 396 4.053 .042 B.آየ 1 ڣ 100 3.970 .084
C.1-3ڣ 137 4.168 .072
F51
D.4ڣאՂ 30 4.400 .153 2.669*
C > A; C > B D > A; D > B A.լམᖜٚ 396 3.432 .053 B.آየ 1 ڣ 100 3.450 .105
C.1-3ڣ 137 3.584 .090
F52
D.4ڣאՂ 30 4.200 .192 5.372***
D > A; D > B D > C A.լམᖜٚ 396 3.447 .052 B.آየ 1 ڣ 100 3.370 .103
C.1-3ڣ 137 3.679 .088
F53
D.4ڣאՂ 30 4.133 .188 6.018***
D > A; D > B D > C
*p < .05; ***p < .001
ൕՂ૪ઔߒ࣠ױवΔඒஃऱᖂᖵΕᖜٚඒஃऱڣᇷΔא֗ਢܡࠠໂᖜٚ᎖
ᖄඒஃऱᆖ᧭Δኙ्࣍ࡳፖ֭৬ዌᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣቼፖ৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫
ΔᒔڶฆࢤژڇΖࠡխඒஃࠠໂઔߒࢬᖂᖵΔࠀٚඒڣᇷڇԼڣאՀृΔ
ۖԾࠠໂམᆖᖜٚኔ᎖ᖄඒஃڣאՂᆖ᧭հඒஃΔ।נለ्ࡳፖ֭৬ ዌᚌᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣቼፖᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ΖڂڼΔૉ৬ዌᚌᔆऱඒߛኔ
᎖ᖄൣቼΔፖඒஃ్ࠫ৫ΔࢨױאەၦەຍࠄਐᑑΖ )Π*Ⴑก࡚ᄺᓺ፴ᄂಬცϞം؏ଟᘪϷݙ!
אڂైԲΕԿΕΕնࢬڶ᧢ႈ۞᧢ႈΔ։ܑ֗٤᧯ދԵ܂ቃྒྷ᧢ႈΖ ቃྒྷڂైԫΰF11ΙF12ΙF13ΙF14ΙF15ΙF16ΙF17αհٺଡ᧢ႈ֗ᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔ
ൣቼΰF1TΔਐ F11-F17 հ᜔ࡉαΔࢬດޡಱូ։࣫࣠٨࣍। 6 ۟। 13Ζٺ
।խ VIF ݁অఎࢬڶᑇଖխ່ՕृΔ࿇ࠀڶנՕ࣍ 10 ऱွΔ।قࢬڶ
۞᧢ႈၴլژڇ٥ᒵࢤऱംᠲΖאՀհ։࣫ΔലאၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈรԫႉۯࠀሒ
᧩ထֽᄷΔᇞᤩԺ၌መ 10%אՂृΔດႈᎅࣔΚ
1.ψٵრጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΔਢࠠໂڶயऱԳᎾᣂএፖᄮຏݾ؏ωΰF33α ౨ڶயቃྒྷψᑗ࣍༼ࠎኔඒஃൣፃՂऱ֭ωΰF12α14.8%Εψᑗ࣍ലኔඒ ஃီ٥ٵՠ܂ऱኃ۴ωΰF14α11.4%Ζ
2.ψٵრጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΔਢڶრᣋፖהԳٽ܂ωΰF34α౨ڶயቃྒྷ
ψᑗ࣍༼ࠎኔඒஃඒᖂழࠠ᧯ऱڃ墅ωΰF13α17.3%Εψᑗ࣍ፖኔඒஃ٥ٵ ٽ܂Δࠀॺႛലࠡီܗ֫ωΰF15α16.1%Εψݺւኔඒஃڶᐘࢤچૠඒ ᖂփ୲ፖֱऄωΰF16α17.6%Εψᑗ࣍ኔඒஃقᒤٽऱඒᖂֱऄωΰF17α
13.0%Δ֗ᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼΰF1Tα22.2%Ζ
3.ψᑗ࣍ലඒᖂऱൣݮ൷࠹إڤऱေၦωΰF41α౨ڶயቃྒྷψᑗ࣍ലඒխ ऱኔ೭ൣउ༼ࠎඒߛઔߒհشωΰF11α21.2%Εψᑗ࣍ኔඒஃقᒤٽऱ ඒᖂֱऄωΰF17α10.7%Δ֗ᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼΰF1Tα16.8%Ζ
4.ψ्ࡳছኔඒஃ൷࠹ᇷඒஃ᎖ᖄऱࠫ৫ωΰF51α౨ڶயቃྒྷψᑗ࣍
ലඒխऱኔ೭ൣउ༼ࠎඒߛઔߒհشωΰF11α13.8%Εψᑗ࣍༼ࠎኔඒஃ ඒᖂழࠠ᧯ऱڃ墅ωΰF13α14.8%Εψᑗ࣍ፖኔඒஃ٥ٵٽ܂Δࠀॺႛലࠡီ
ܗ֫ωΰF15α11.7%Εψݺւኔඒஃڶᐘࢤچૠඒᖂփ୲ፖֱऄωΰF16α
13.6%Εψᑗ࣍ኔඒஃقᒤٽऱඒᖂֱऄωΰF17α15.2%Δ֗ᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔ
ൣቼΰF1Tα20.5%Ζ
5.ψᑗ࣍ലඒᖂऱൣݮ൷࠹إڤऱေၦωΰF41α֗ψ्ࡳছኔඒஃ൷࠹
ᇷඒஃ᎖ᖄऱࠫ৫ωΰF51αԲଡ۞᧢ႈ։ܑ֗٤᧯ދԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈழΔຟ౨ٵழ ሒࠩ᧩ထֽᄷࠀڶயቃྒྷ༼ࠎᚌᔆኔൣቼऱࢬڶႈؾΰڂైԫΔF11-17αΔ֗ᖞ
᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼΰF1TαΖ
6.ψٵრጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΔਢڶრᣋፖהԳٽ܂ωΰF34αΕψᑗ࣍ലඒ ᖂऱൣݮ൷࠹إڤऱေၦωΰF41α֗ψ्ࡳছኔඒஃ൷࠹ᇷඒஃ᎖ᖄऱࠫ
৫ωΰF51αԿଡ۞᧢ႈ٤᧯ދԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈழΔ༓ຟ౨ٵழሒࠩ᧩ထֽᄷࠀڶய ቃྒྷ༼ࠎᚌᔆኔൣቼऱࢬڶႈؾΰڂైԫΔF12 ೈ؆αΔ֗ᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼ ΰF1TαΔࠡᇞᤩԺտ࣍ 18.1 ۟ 39.1%Ζ
7.ψٵრ৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫ωΰF52αڂࠡਢܡࠠໂᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃڣᇷᆖ᧭հ
ฆΔۖڶլٵऱऄΔۖሒࠩ᧩ထฆऱֽᄷΖࠡխᖜٚ᎖ᖄඒஃڣאՂ ᆖ᧭ΔለլམᖜٚृΙࢨԫڣאՀΙࢨԫ۟ԿڣृΔຟޓ֭ᇠႈऄΰ। 5αΖ
ۖψٵრ৬ዌඒஃ్ࠫ৫ωΰF52α౨ڶயቃྒྷψᑗ࣍ലඒխऱኔ೭ൣउ༼
ࠎඒߛઔߒհشωΰF11αΕψᑗ࣍༼ࠎኔඒஃඒᖂழࠠ᧯ऱڃ墅ωΰF13αΕψᑗ
࣍ኔඒஃقᒤٽऱඒᖂֱऄωΰF17αΔ֗ᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼΰF1TαΖ ጵٽ। 6 ۟। 13Δ֗Ղ૪։࣫Δ࿇ڂైԲΕԿΕΕն݁౨ڶயچቃྒྷᚌ ᔆऱኔ᎖ᖄൣቼΰڂైԫαΖאٺڂైଡܑދԵ܂۞᧢ႈΔቃྒྷ৬ዌᚌᔆኔ
ൣቼΔࠀሒࠩ᧩ထֽᄷृΔאڂైԿቃྒྷψᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼωΰF1Tαऱᇞ
ᤩԺ 27%່ΙࠡڻΔڂైቃྒྷψᑗ࣍ലඒխऱኔ೭ൣउ༼ࠎඒߛઔߒհ شωΰF11αऱᇞᤩԺ 24.1%ࡺڻΙ٦ृΔڂైնቃྒྷψᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼωΰF1Tα ऱᇞᤩԺ 21.4%່ࡺรԿۯΖ܀ਢאڂైԲऱᇞᤩԺ່܅Δࠡቃྒྷᚌᔆኔൣ
ቼऱٺႈؾឈຟሒࠩ᧩ထֽᄷΔ܀ᇞᤩԺآሒ 10%Ζ
ױߠڇ৬ዌᚌᔆኔ᎖ᖄൣቼழΔೈԱေၦ᎖ᖄඒஃऱګயΰڂైԲαΔࢬ౨
࿇ཀऱᐙԺ࿑ೣ܅؆Δጉᙇ᎖ᖄඒஃऱයٙΰڂైԿαΕᑗ࣍൷࠹ေၦ֗ၞ۩
֘ઊ৸ەΰڂైαΕᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ΰڂైնα݁ࠠໂઌᅝૹऱቃྒྷய࣠Ζ
۟࣍ലࢬڶڂైΰԲΕԿΕΕնαٵழދԵ܂۞᧢ႈΔቃྒྷᚌᔆऱኔ
᎖ᖄൣቼழΔאቃྒྷψᖞ᧯ᚌᔆኔൣቼωΰF1TαऱᇞᤩԺ 40.3%່Δࠡၴො
።ڂైԿΕΕնխٺႈؾΰࠉݧ F34ΙF41ΙF51ΙF32ΙF33αΖ٦৫᧭ᢞڇቃ
ྒྷ৬ዌᚌᔆኔ᎖ᖄൣቼழΔڂైԿΕΕնऱᐙԺΔֺڂైԲૹΖ ڂڼΔጵٽᖞ᧯৬ዌᚌᔆኔ᎖ᖄൣቼհດޡ։࣫࣠Δױאංᓵٽኔ
᎖ᖄΔፖᎁױඒஃ్ࠫ৫ڂైΔᒔኔኙ࣍৬ዌᚌᔆኔ᎖ᖄൣቼڶᐙԺژ ڇΖ
ے6! Ϩᝐဇઠ݉˛ڟဂਜ਼ٷಪռߏՉࠂՀ˞ంԏਟᔪ
˷ٙےĞF11ğ ӹʣᝐ ࢨז˷ᆵ
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ
ᆿລ˽
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ
ቡጌݣ
R2ࢄ VIF tࢄ
אٺڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F21 F23
.191 .114
.213 .135
.083 .094
1.488 0.213***
0.135** F35
F32 F31 F34
.173 .008 .106 .148
.177 .077 .112 .111
.089 .112 .121 .127
1.367 1.652 1.462 1.528
4.211***
1.673 2.564**
2.493**
F41 F42
.309 .213
.040 .041
.212 .241
1.590 1.590
7.713***
5.238***
F51 F52
.302 .145
.300 .182
.138 .165
1.192 1.192
7.817***
4.744***
א٤᧯ڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F41 F51 F35 F42 F34
.270 .198 .007 .123 .127
.287 .197 .073 .128 .095
.214 .274 .290 .299 .305
1.627 1.239 1.423 1.779 1.345
6.998***
5.515***
1.905 2.991**
2.561**
**p < .01; ***p < .001
ے7 ϨᝐဇᇅػಪռဂࣱႱʰڟ̛ݻ˞ంԏਟᔪ˷ٙےĞF12ğ ӹʣᝐ ࢨז˷ᆵ
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ᆿລ˽
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ቡጌݣ
R2ࢄ VIF tࢄ
אٺڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F22 .109 .171 .028 1.000 4.506***
F33 F32 F35
.285 .110 .007
.281 .135 .107
.148 .167 .175
1.376 1.332 1.270
6.840***
3.330***
2.716** F41
F42
.134 .008
.193 .117
.069 .076
1.590 1.590
4.143***
2.497**
F51 F53
.188 .005
.257 .092
.087 .092
1.239 1.239
6.281***
2.259**
א٤᧯ڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F33 F51 F41 F32 F23 F35
.265 .120 .106 .007 -.007 .006
.261 .163 .154 .096 -.116 .092
.148 .187 .206 .214 .219 .224
1.403 1.248 1.216 1.381 1.319 1.443
6.484***
4.310***
4.113***
2.401**
-2.979**
2.252**
**p < .01; ***p < .001
ے8 Ϩᝐဇᇅػಪռဂࣱደढ֎ڟϱ㑞˞ంԏਟᔪ
˷ٙےĞF13ğ ӹʣᝐ ࢨז˷ᆵ
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ᆿລ˽
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ቡጌݣ
R2ࢄ VIF tࢄ
אٺڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F22 .154 .223 .048 1.000 5.922***
F34 F32 F31
.334 .115 .007
.316 .129 .097
.173 .194 .200
1.379 1.639 1.400
7.804***
2.927**
2.385**
F41 F42
.159 .009
.213 .124
.082 .090
1.590 1.590
4.593***
2.670**
F51 F52
.271 .007
.342 .112
.148 .157
1.192 1.192
8.849***
2.893**
א٤᧯ڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F34 F51 F41 F32
.281 .177 .114 .009
.266 .223 .152 .107
.173 .244 .266 .273
1.411 1.230 1.124 1.408
6.810***
6.114***
4.364***
2.737***
**p < .01; ***p < .001
ے9! ϨᝐဇᇅػઠဂࣱගߏϓϣˎѰڟѢ˞ంԏਟᔪ
˷ٙےĞF14ğ ӹʣᝐ ࢨז˷ᆵ
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ᆿລ˽
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ቡጌݣ
R2ࢄ VIF tࢄ
אٺڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F22 .125 .190 .035 1.000 5.032***
F33 F32 F34
.184 .109 .141
.175 .128 .139
.114 .132 .139
2.430 1.372 2.608
3.140**
3.064**
2.410**
F41 F42
.156 .007
.218 .098
.076 .080
1.590 1.590
4.679***
2.100**
F51 F53
.168 .005
.221 .089
.067 .072
1.239 1.239
5.358***
2.165**
א٤᧯ڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F33 F41 F51 F34 F32 F23
.158 .141 .008 .133 .007 -.005
.150 .198 .115 .132 .087 -.079
.114 .159 .173 .181 .185 .188
2.451 1.197 1.264 2.681 1.425 1.235
2.766**
5.217***
2.944**
2.322**
2.093**
-2.053**
**p < .01; ***p < .001
ے 10 ϨᝐဇᇅػჄဂࣱϓϣϫѰĂծۨฉઠ֏ගߏ̙҅˞
ంԏਟᔪ˷ٙےĞF15ğ ӹʣᝐ ࢨז˷ᆵ
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ᆿລ˽
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ቡጌݣ
R2ࢄ VIF tࢄ
אٺڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F22 F23
.103 .008
.145 .119
.044 .052
1.489 1.489
3.174**
2.603**
F34 F32 F33 F31
.227 .008 .172 .006
.209 .095 .151 .082
.161 .176 .185 .188
2.615 1.649 2.442 1.406
3.717***
2.127**
2.792**
2.001**
F41 F42
.137 .126
.178 .161
.075 .090
1.590 1.590
3.846***
3.474**
F51 F53
.248 .006
.303 .093
.117 .123
1.239 1.239
7.537***
2.326**
א٤᧯ڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F34 F51 F41 F33
.225 .157 .118 .161
.207 .192 .154 .142
.161 .212 .235 .242
2.477 1.205 1.124 2.423
3.914***
5.213***
4.319***
2.721**
**p < .01; ***p < .001
ے11! Ϩᝐဇ˰௨ဂࣱФᆆؒϴ௩ࡎደ˱࣠Ⴤ̟ٲ˞
ంԏਟᔪ˷ٙےĞF16ğ ӹʣᝐ ࢨז˷ᆵ
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ᆿລ˽
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ቡጌݣ
R2ࢄ VIF tࢄ
אٺڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F23 F22
.007 .007
.120 .104
.031 .037
1.489 1.489
2.603**
2.255**
F34 F32
.334
.177 .319 .201
.176 .205
1.353 1.353
7.972***
5.031***
F41 F42
.149 .009
.202 .126
.076 .085
1.590 1.590
4.339***
2.720**
F51 .291 .370 .136 1.000 10.335***
א٤᧯ڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F34 F51 F41 F32 F21
.296 .173 .127 .139 -.008
.282 .220 .172 .158 -.117
.176 .238 .258 .271 .280
1.455 1.266 1.203 1.438 1.346
7.160***
5.972***
4.794***
4.024***
-3.097***
**p < .01; ***p < .001
ے 12! Ϩᝐဇᇅػߏဂࣱΰሒϫ୩ڟደ̟ٲ˞ంԏਟᔪ
˷ٙےĞF17ğ ӹʣᝐ ࢨז˷ᆵ
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ᆿລ˽
ਟᔪ۽ᆵ ቡጌݣ
R2ࢄ VIF tࢄ
אٺڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F21 F23
.186 .009
.209 .112
.073 .080
1.488 1.488
4.648***
2.485**
F34 F32 F35
.353 .121 .008
.267 .109 .088
.130 .141 .145
1.522 1.401 1.309
6.065***
2.584**
2.166**
F41 F42
.197 .184
.211 .193
.107 .129
1.590 1.590
4.650***
4.262***
F51 F52
.354 .006
.356 .087
.152 .157
1.192 1.192
9.226***
2.262**
א٤᧯ڂై۞᧢ႈΔၞԵቃྒྷ᧢ႈृ
F51 F34 F41
.249 .326 .196
.251 .247 .210
.154 .216 .254
1.205 1.121 1.114
6.856***
6.996***
5.966***
**p < .01; ***p < .001
