Discovering Computers 2011

(1)

Living in a Digital World

Discovering

Computers 2011

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Objectives Overview

Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in today’s world

Define the term, computer, and describe

the relationship between data and

information Define the term, computer, and describe

the relationship between data and

information

Describe the five components of a

computer

Describe the five components of a

computer

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when

working with computers

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when

working with computers

Define the term, network, and identify

benefits of sharing resources on a network

Define the term, network, and identify

benefits of sharing resources on a network

Discuss the uses of the Internet and World

Wide Web

Discuss the uses of the Internet and World

Wide Web

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World

Chapter 1 2

See Page 3

for Detailed Objectives

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Objectives Overview

Distinguish between system software and application

software

Distinguish between system software and application

software

Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category

Describe the role of each element in an information

system

Describe the role of each element in an information

system

Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users

each interact with computers

Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users

each interact with computers

Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health

care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health

care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing

Chapter 1 3

See Page 3

for Detailed Objectives

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A World of Computers

• Computers are everywhere

Chapter 1 4

Pages 4 - 5 Figure 1-1

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What Is a Computer?

• A computer is an electronic device, operating

under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

Chapter 1 5

Page 6

Collects data (input)

Processing

Produces information

(output)

Information Processing Cycle

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What Is a Computer?

Chapter 1 6

Page 6 Figure 1-2

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The Components of a Computer

• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware

Chapter 1 7

Pages 6 - 8

Allo • ws yo u to en ter d ata and ins truc tio ns in to a co mput

er mput co a to ns in tio truc ins and ata d ter en u to yo ws Allo •

Input Device er

Input Device

Har • dwar

e c om pone nt th at co nve ys in fo rm ati on to o ne o r m ore pe opl

e opl pe ore r m ne o o to on ati rm fo in ys nve co at th nt pone om e c dwar Har •

Output Device e

Output Device

Cas • e t hat co nta in s t he e le ctr oni c c om pone nts o f the co mput er tha t a re

used to pr oce ss data

Cas • e t hat co nta in s t he e le ctr oni c c om pone nts o f the co mput er tha t a re

used to pr oce ss data

System Unit System Unit

Ho • lds da ta, ins truc tio ns, a nd in

fo rm ati on fo r fut ure

use ure r fut fo on ati rm fo nd in ns, a tio truc ins ta, da lds Ho •

Storage Device use

Storage Device

Ena • bles a co mput er to se nd and

rec eiv e da ta, ins tru cti on s, a nd

in fo rm ati on to and fro

m o ne o r m ore co mput ers o r m obi le de vic es

Ena • bles a co mput er to se nd and

rec eiv e da ta, ins tru cti on s, a nd

in fo rm ati on to and fro

m o ne o r m ore co mput ers o r m obi le de vic

Communications es

Device

Communications

Device

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The Components of a Computer

Chapter 1 8

Page 7 Figure 1-3

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

Advantages of Using Computers

Disadvantages of Using Computers

Chapter 1 9

Speed Speed Reliability Reliability Consistency Consistency

Storage Storage

Communications Communications

Health Risks Health Risks Violation of Privacy Violation of Privacy

Public Safety Public Safety

Impact on Labor Force Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment Impact on Environment

Pages 9 - 10

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

• Green computing involves reducing the electricity

consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer

• Strategies include:

– Recycling

– Regulating manufacturing processes – Extending the life of computers

– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

Chapter 1 10

Page 10

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click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left

navigation, then click Green Computing below Chapter 1

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Networks and the Internet

• A network is a

collection of computers and devices connected together, often

wirelessly, via communications devices and

transmission media

Chapter 1 11

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Networks and the Internet

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

Chapter 1 12

Page 11 Figure 1-7

navigation, then click The Internet

below Chapter 1

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Networks and the Internet

• People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

Chapter 1 13

Communicate Research and Access Information

Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading

Entertainment Download Videos Share Information Web Application

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Networks and the Internet

• A social networking Web site encourages

members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users

Chapter 1 14

Page 14 Figure 1-9

navigation,

then click Facebook below Chapter 1

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Computer Software

• Software, also called a program, tells the

computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

Chapter 1 15

Pages 15 - 16 Figures 1-10 - 1-11

System Software

• Operating system

• Utility program

System Software

• Operating system

• Utility program

Application Software Application Software

navigation,

then click Windows below Chapter 1

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Computer Software

• Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other

hardware

Chapter 1 16

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Computer Software

• A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to

process data into information

Chapter 1 17

Page 18 Figure 1-13

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Categories of Computers

Embedded computers Embedded computers

Supercomputers Supercomputers

Mainframes Mainframes

Servers Servers Game consoles Game consoles

Mobile computers and mobile devices Mobile computers and mobile devices

Personal computers Personal computers

Chapter 1 18

Page 19

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Personal Computers

• A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself

• Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple

– Desktop computer

Chapter 1 19

Page 19

Figures 1-15 - 1-16

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Personal computer you can carry from place to place

Examples include

notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs

Examples include

notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs

Mobile Computer

Computing device

small enough to hold in your hand

Computing device

small enough to hold in your hand

Examples include smart phones, PDAs, handheld computers, portable media

players, and digital cameras

Examples include smart phones, PDAs, handheld computers, portable media

players, and digital cameras

Mobile Device Mobile

Device

Chapter 1 20

Pages 20 - 23

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Notebook computer Notebook computer

Tablet PC Tablet PC Smart phone Smart phone

PDA PDA

Chapter 1 21

Pages 20 - 22 Figures 1-17 – 1-20

navigation,

then click Camera Phone

below Chapter 1

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Handheld computer Handheld computer Portable media player Portable media player

Digital camera Digital camera

Chapter 1 22

Pages 22 - 23 Figures 1-21 – 1-23

navigation, then click Digital Cameras below Chapter 1

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Game Consoles

• A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or

multiplayer video games

Chapter 1 23

Page 24 Figure 1-24

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Servers

• A server controls access to the hardware,

software, and other

resources on a network

– Provides a centralized storage area for

programs, data, and information

Chapter 1 24

Page 25 Figure 1-25

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Mainframes

• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful

computer that can handle hundreds or

thousands of connected users simultaneously

Chapter 1 25

Page 25 Figure 1-26

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Supercomputers

• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer

– Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second

Chapter 1 26

Page 25 Figure 1-27

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Embedded Computers

• An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

Chapter 1 27

Page 26

Consumer Electronics Consumer Electronics

• Mobile and digital telephones

• Digital televisions

• Cameras

• Video recorders

• DVD players and recorders

• Answering machines

• Mobile and digital telephones

• Digital televisions

• Cameras

• Video recorders

• DVD players and recorders

• Answering machines

Home Automation Devices Home Automation

Devices

• Thermostats

• Sprinkling systems

• Security

monitoring systems

• Appliances

• Lights

• Thermostats

• Sprinkling systems

• Security

monitoring systems

• Appliances

• Lights

Automobiles Automobiles

• Antilock brakes

• Engine control modules

• Airbag controller

• Cruise control

• Antilock brakes

• Engine control modules

• Airbag controller

• Cruise control

Process Controllers and Robotics Process Controllers

and Robotics

• Remote monitoring systems

• Power monitors

• Machine controllers

• Medical devices

• Remote monitoring systems

• Power monitors

• Machine controllers

• Medical devices

Computer Devices and Office Machines

• Keyboards

• Printers

• Faxes

• Copiers

• Keyboards

• Printers

• Faxes

• Copiers

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Embedded Computers

Chapter 1 28

Page 26 Figure 1-28

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Elements of an Information System

Hardware

Hardware Software Software Data Data

People

People Procedures Procedures

Chapter 1 29

Page 27

navigation,

then click Women in Technology below Chapter 1

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Elements of an Information System

Chapter 1 30

Page 27 Figure 1-29

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Examples of Computer Usage

Home User

• Personal financial management

• Web access

• Communications

• Entertainment

Home User

• Personal financial management

• Web access

• Communications

• Entertainment

Small Office/Home Office User

• Look up information

• Send and receive e-mail messages

• Make telephone calls

Small Office/Home Office User

• Look up information

• Send and receive e-mail messages

• Make telephone calls

Mobile User

• Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet

• Transfer information

• Play video games

• Listen to music

• Watch movies

Mobile User

• Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet

• Transfer information

• Play video games

• Listen to music

• Watch movies

Chapter 1 31

Pages 28 – 31 Figures 1-30 – 1-32

navigation,

then click Minorities in Technology below Chapter 1

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Examples of Computer Usage

Power User

• Work with multimedia

• Use industry-specific software

Power User

• Work with multimedia

• Use industry-specific software

Enterprise User

• Communicate among employees

• Process high volumes of transactions

• Blog

Enterprise User

• Communicate among employees

• Process high volumes of transactions

• Blog

Chapter 1 32

Pages 31 – 32 Figures 1-33 – 1-34

navigation,

then click Enterprise Computing below Chapter 1

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Computer Applications in Society

Education Education Finance

Finance

Government Government Health Care Health Care

Chapter 1 33

Pages 34 - 36 Figures 1-36 – 1-39

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Computer Applications in Society

Science Science

Publishing Publishing Travel

Travel

Manufacturing Manufacturing

Chapter 1 34

Pages 36 - 38 Figures 1-40 – 1-43

navigation,

then click OnStar below Chapter 1

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Video: Computer History in a Barn

Chapter 1 35

CLICK TO START

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