The Research of across the Taiwan Strait Two Nations Airlines Transport Business Efficiency-the Application of Data ...
蔡宗標、楊維娟
E-mail: 9509848@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
The Republic of China (Taiwan) government announced the “open sky” policy in 1987; since then, the figure of the airline company has increased dramatically. Because of the serious market competition, some local airlines cannot operate well and choose to merge or acquisition in order to maintain current operation in succession. After Mainland China's economic development, market demand enhance hugely. In order for Chinese to promote the competitiveness of their airlines, Chinese airline transport business relies mainly on three major groups and merges other relevant small companies simultaneously. How to improve the business efficiency and cooperate with economic development has become the primary subject needs to be faced among all airlines across the Taiwan Strait. This research aims at analyzing the business efficiency between across strait two nations by using the Data
Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Based on managing amount of top 12 airlines across strait in 2004 were served as analytical targets.
Utilizing Intermediation Approach method as a foundation, the total property and business expense as the analytical parameter which obtaining with input variables of business income. To analyze efficiencies of total technique, neat technique and scaling technique of above airlines, which accompanied with scaling benefit to analyze scaling phenomena of increase and decrease, and then cooperate with sensitivity analytic method, finally carries on the differential variable analysis. The results of this research are depicted as follows: For the top 12 airlines companies, the technical efficiency are shown mostly low to none; however, those who had low technical efficiency are merely the low property resultant. Furthermore, the scale return rate for local airlines companies operate homeland and its near islands route is decrease progressively; nevertheless, the mainland airline is increase gradually.
Keywords : Data Envelopment Analysis, Business Efficiency, Sensitivity Analytic Method Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書...iii 中文摘要...iv 英文摘
要...v 誌謝...vii 目錄...viii 圖目 錄...x 表目錄...xi 第一章 緒論...1 1.1 研究背景與動機...1 1.2 研究目的...4 1.3 研究範
圍...5 1.4 研究流程...6 第二章 文獻回顧...8 2.1 資料包絡分析法(DEA)發展過程相關文獻...8 2.2 航空運輸業經營績效相關文獻...11 第三章 研究方 法...21 3.1 研究樣本與資料來源說明...21 3.2 資料包絡分析法簡
介...21 3.3 資料包絡分析法內容之探討...23 3.4 資料包絡分析法之執行程
序...31 第四章 實證結果與分析...34 4.1 投入產出變數之統計分析...34 4.2 實證分析...36 4.3 差額變數分析...41 4.4 敏感度分
析...43 第五章 結論...45 5.1 研究結論...45 5.2 研究限制及對後續研究者之建議...47 參考文獻...48
REFERENCES
一、中文文獻 1. 王昱鈞，2003，國內航空公司相對效率與生產力之研究，私 立東吳大學，碩士論文。 2. 呂文哲，1999，開放天空後台 灣航空業成本效率分析－動態 隨機邊界模型，國立成功大學，碩士論文。 3. 林立千、陳怡君，2004，亞洲地區國際機場之營運效率評 估 資料包絡分析法之應用，運輸學刊，16 卷2 期，p:115-144。 4. 林延儒，1993，台灣地區航空公司生產效率之評估－DEA 彈 性函數方 法之應用，國立清華大學，碩士論文。 5. 林郁芳，2001，應用資料包絡分析法於航運公司定期航線營 運績效之評估，國立交通大學，
碩士論文。 6. 林進榮，2002，國內航空公司經營效率之研究，國立台灣科 技大學，碩士論文。 7. 陳玉萍，2004，國內航空公司經營效 率之研究-以國內航線客 運為例，世新大學，碩士論文。 8. 陳俊男，1999，國籍航空公司營運績效之研究，國立交通大 學，碩士論文。
9. 陳武宏，2001，世界主要國際航空公司營運績效之研究，國 防管理學院，碩士論文。 10. 陳彥蘅，2003，國內空運航線別之經營績效 評估－資料包絡 分析法，逢甲大學，碩士論文。 11. 陳振遠、李文智、陳魁元、王朝仕，2004，台灣地區票卷金 融公司經營效率與最 適規模之研究。 12. 陳慧紋，2004，國內航空公司財務與經營績效評估之研究， 國立高雄第一科技大學，碩士論文。 13. 黃崇興、黃蘭
貴，2000，應用數據包絡法於航空公司航線經 營績效之分析，管理學報，17 卷1 期，p:149-181。 14. 黃蘭貴，1994，企業內部經營績效 診斷之研究－數據資料包 絡分析模式之應用，國立台灣大學，碩士論文。 15. 葉清江，1994，國內線航空公司營運效率之研究，國立交 通 大學，碩士論文。 16. 馮正民、邱裕鈞，2003，研究分析方法，建都文化事業股份 有限公司。 17. 游明敏，2005，非意欲產出對國內 機場經營效率及產出損失 之影響，管理學報，22 卷2 期，p:241-259。 18. 廖逸君，1993，以DEA 方法評估亞太地區航空公司的經營效 率，國立台灣大學，碩士論文。 19. 鄭章瑞，2003，亞太十五家國際航空公司績效之研究－以資 料包絡分析法(DEA)分析，私立東吳大 學，碩士論文。 20. 盧芸聖，2004，國內線航空公司營運績效評估之研究-灰色關 聯分析與資料包絡分析法之應用，萬能科技大學，碩 士論文。 二、英文文獻 1. Banker R. D.、Charnes A. and Cooper W. W.,1984, “Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis,” Management Science, 30(9), 1078-1092. 2. Charnes, A. 、Cooper W.W. 、Lewin, A.Y. and Seiford, L.M.,1996, Data Envelopment Analysis:Theory, Methodology, and Application, Third Printing, Kluwer Academic Publish, Massachusetts. 3. Charnes, A.
、Cooper W.W. and Rhodes E.,1978, “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units,” European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444. 4. Charnes, A.、Cooper, W. W. and Rhodes, E.,1981, “Evaluating program and managerial efficiency: an application of data envelopment analysis to program follow through,” Management Science, 27(6), 668-697. 5. Charnes, A.、Gallegos, A. and Li, H.,1996,
“Robustly Efficient Parametric Frontiers Via Multiplicative DEA for Domestic and International Operations of the Latin American Airline Industry,” European Journal of Operational Research, 88, 525-536. 6. Farrell, M. j.,1957, “The measurement of productive efficiency,”
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, General, 120, Part 3, 253-281. 7. Farrell, M. J. and Fieldhouse, M.,1962, “Estimating efficient production frontiers under increasing returns to scale,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 252-267. 8. Schmidt, P. and Sickles R.C., 1984,
“Production Frontiers and Panel Data,” Journal of Business & Economics Statistics , 2, 367-374. 9. Seiford, L.M. and Thrall R.M.,1990,
“Recent Development in DEA: The Mathematical Programming Approach to Frontier Analysis,” Journal of Econometrics, 46, 7-38.
