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麩醯胺對砷暴露小鼠細胞激素分泌及黏著分子表現的影響

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麩醯胺對砷暴露小鼠細胞激素分泌及黏著分子表現的影響

Effects of glutamine on secretion of cytokine and expression of cellular adhesion molecule in mice with arsenic exposure

羅雅玲 葉松鈴

台北醫學大學保健營養研究所

流行病學上的調查顯示,慢性砷暴露與許多慢性疾病之發生有正相關性,包括週邊 血管、心血管及腦血管病變、高血壓及糖尿病等,而造成此種傷害的原因,可能源自於 砷的暴露會引致活性氧物種(ROS)之產生。體內及體外之研究已證實砷會促使ROS之產 生,由於ROS之產生會引致發炎反應,而發炎反應引發細胞激素分泌及黏著分子之表現 是造成血管病變的主要原因之一。麩醯胺(glutamine, GLN)是細胞間質中含量最多的游離 胺基酸,也是免疫細胞及腸黏膜細胞之重要能量來源,在免疫功能的調節上扮演非常重 要的功能。許多研究顯示在身體受到代謝壓力時血及組織中GLN濃度會下降,且下降的 程度與疾病之預後及死亡率有極大的相關性,因此GLN在某些生理或疾病狀況下被認為 是一種必需胺基酸。最近的實驗顯示在全靜脈營養液中添加GLN,可減少因使用靜脈營 養所造成腸道中黏著分子的過度表現,並可減少腸道發炎大鼠腸道血管中白血球黏著及 遷移反應。因此本研究的目的主要在探討麩醯胺添加對砷暴露小鼠細胞激素分泌及黏著 分子表現之影響。將雄性BALB/c小鼠,隨機分為 6 組,分別為CC組-蒸餾水+正常飲食;

CG組-蒸餾水+ GLN飲食;20AC組-含 20ppm NaAsO2砷飲水+正常飲食;20AG組-含 20ppm砷飲水+GLN飲食;50AC組-含 50ppm NaAsO2砷飲水+正常飲食;50AG組-含 50ppm砷飲水+GLN飲食。GLN飲食為將GLN取代飲食中總氮量之 25%。5 週後將小鼠 犧牲,收集血液以及脾臟作分析。新鮮血液以流式細胞儀測量黏著分子LFA-1

(lymphocyte function-associate antigen-1)及Mac-1 (macrophage antigen-1)的表現。收集脾 臟細胞,給予裂質原PHA (phytohemagglutinin)或是LPS (lipopolysaccharides)的刺激,共 同培養 24 小時後,收集上清液以酵素免疫測定法分析細胞激素interleukin (IL)-2 IL-4、

IL-6、inteferon (IFN)-γ以及tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α的濃度。結果顯示,砷添加組體 重明顯較未添加組低。在黏著分子表現方面,20AC、20AG、50AC三組之LFA-1 表現明 顯高於CC組;CG20、AG50、AC三組之Mac-1 表現明顯高於 50AG組。在脾臟細胞細胞 激素分泌方面,IL-2 無法測得,CG組的IL-4 濃度明顯低於 20AG和 50AG組;CG組的IL-6 明顯低於其他各組;20AG組之IFN-γ較CC組為高;而TNF-α之濃度則各組間均無差異。

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本研究結果顯示砷暴露會造成黏著分子表現增加,而GLN添加在砷濃度較高時可降低血 中細胞黏著分子LFA-1 及Mac-1 之表現。GLN添加對正常小鼠可促進Th1 抑制Th2 細胞 激素之分泌,因而減少發炎反應相關細胞激素之分泌,但在砷暴露下GLN添加並無調節 細胞激素分泌之作用。

關鍵字:砷暴露、麩醯胺、細胞黏著分子、細胞激素

(3)

麩醯胺對砷暴露小鼠細胞激素分泌及黏著分子表現的影響

Effects of glutamine on secretion of cytokine and expression of cellular adhesion molecule in mice with arsenic exposure

羅雅玲 葉松鈴

台北醫學大學保健營養研究所

流行病學顯示慢性砷暴露會造成血管病變,其原因可能為砷會引致活性氧物種(ROS) 之產生。而ROS引發細胞激素分泌及黏著分子之表現可能是造成血管病變的原因之一。

麩醯胺(glutamine, GLN)是體內含量最多的游離胺基酸,最近的研究顯示GLN添加可減少 黏著分子的表現並減輕發炎反應。因此本研究的目的在探討GLN添加對砷暴露小鼠細胞 激素分泌及黏著分子表現之影響。將雄性BALB/c小鼠隨機分為 6 組,分別為CC組-蒸餾 水+正常飲食;CG組-蒸餾水+ GLN飲食;20AC組-含 20ppm NaAsO2砷飲水+正常飲食;

20AG組-含 20ppm砷飲水+GLN飲食;50AC組-含 50ppm NaAsO2砷飲水+正常飲食;50AG 組-含 50ppm砷飲水+GLN飲食。GLN飲食為將GLN取代飲食中總氮量之 25%。5 週後將 小鼠犧牲,收集血液以及脾臟作分析。全血以流式細胞儀測量黏著分子LFA-1

(lymphocyte function-associate antigen-1)及Mac-1 (macrophage antigen-1)的表現。脾臟細 胞給予PHA (phytohemagglutinin)或是LPS (lipopolysaccharides)的刺激,收集上清液分析 interleukin (IL)-4、IL-6、inteferon (IFN)-γ以及tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α的濃度。結果 顯示 20AC、20AG、50AC三組之LFA-1 表現明顯高於CC組;CG20、AG50、AC三組之 Mac-1 表現明顯高於 50AG組。脾臟細胞激素分泌方面, CG組的IL-4 濃度明顯低於 20AG 和 50AG組;CG組的IL-6 明顯低於其他各組;20AG組之IFN-γ較CC組為高;而TNF-α之 濃度則各組間均無差異。本研究結果顯示砷暴露會造成黏著分子表現增加,而GLN添加 在砷濃度較高時可降低血中細胞黏著分子之表現。GLN添加對正常小鼠可促進Th1 抑制 Th2 細胞激素之分泌,因而減少發炎反應相關細胞激素之分泌,但在砷暴露下GLN添加 並無調節細胞激素分泌之作用。

關鍵字:砷暴露、麩醯胺、細胞黏著分子、細胞激素

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Effects of glutamine on secretion of cytokine and expression of cellular adhesion molecule in mice with arsenic exposure

Ya-Lin Lo, Sung-Ling Yeh

Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University

This study investigated the effect of glutamine (GLN) on cytokine secretion and adhesion molecule expression in mice with arsenic exposure. Mice were assigned to 6 groups, 2 normal groups with or without GLN supplementation were supplied with distilled water, 4

experimental groups supplied 2 levels of arsenic in drinking water were also supplemented with or without GLN. After feeding the mice for 5 weeks, all mice were sacrificed to examine blood adhesion molecule expression and in vitro splenocyte cytokine secretion after stimulation by mitogen. The results demonstrated that arsenic enhanced the expression of blood adhesion molecule, and GLN supplementation significantly reduced the adhesion molecule expression in high arsenic group. The in vitro study showed GLN supplementation induced Th1 and reduced Th2 type cytokine secretion in splenocytes and thus attenuated the inflammatory-related cytokine secretion in normal mice. However, GLN seemed to have no effect on cytokine modulation when arsenic was administered.

Keywords: Arsenic, Glutamine, Cellular adhesion molecule, Cytokine

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