Lecture 11
6.976 Flat Panel Display Devices
Physics of Liquid Crystals I
• Polarization Devices
• Jones Matrix Method
• Liquid Crystals
Outline
References
• Jin Au Kong, Electromagnetic Wave Theory, EMW Publishing, Cambridge, MA, USA
• B. E. A. Saleh and M. C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, John Wiley & Sons, New York
• E. Hecht, Optics, Addison-Wesley Publishing
• Peter J. Collings and Michael Hird, Introduction to Liquid Crystals-Chemistry and Physics, Taylor and Francis, 1997
• D. J. Channin and A. Sussman, Liquid Crystal Displays, LCD, Chapter 4 in Display Devices, Ed. Jacques I.
Pankove, Spriger-Verlag, 1980.
• P. Yeh and C. Gu, Optics of Liquid Crystal Displays, John
Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999.
Jones Vectors
== δδ
δδ
y x
j y
j x
e A
e J A
From this we can determine intensity
2 2
y
x A
A
I == ++
Yeh & Gu
Jones Matrix Formulation
==
y x y
x
A A T
T
T T
A A
1 1 22
21
12 11
2 2
TJ J ==
Saleh & Teich
Linear Polarizer
==
0 0
0 T 1
Saleh & Teich
Wave Retarder
== −−j ΓΓ T e
0
0
1 (( n s −− n f )) d
λλ
== ππ ΓΓ 2
== −− φφ −− ΓΓ 2 ++ ΓΓ 2 0
0
j j
j
e e e
T φφ Ã == == absolute relative phase phase change change
Half-Wave Retarder Plate
== −−
j T j
0
0 ΓΓ == λλ ππ (( n s −− n f )) d == ππ
2
−− −−
==
== −−
−−
1 1 1
1 0
0 j
j j j
j
Polarization rotated by 90º
−− −−
==
−−
== −−
−−
j j j
j j
j 1
1 1
0 0
R-circularly polarized ⇒
L-circularly polarized Saleh & Teich
Effect of Quarter Wave Plate
Polarization Rotators
θθ θθ
θθ
−−
== θθ
cos sin
sin T cos
Takes linearly polarized wave
θθ ++
θθ
==
θθ
θθ θθ
θθ θθ
1 2 2 2 1 1
