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教練領導行為對運動選手團隊適應的影響

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行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告

計畫編號:NSC 91-2413-H-179-001

執行期限:91 年 8 月 1 日至 92 年 7 月 31 日

主持人:王俊明 國立體育學院 體育研究所

計畫參與人員:古德龍 洪嘉蔆 國立體育學院 體育研究所

一、中文摘要 本研究主要目的是 1.比較不同層級(小 學、中學、大學、社會組)的選手其知覺的 教練領導行為的差異。2.比較不同學校層級 的選手其團隊適應的差異。3.了解選手知覺 的教練領導行為對選手團隊適應的影響。研 究對象共 1618 人(小學 396,中學 667,大 學 397,社會組 158)。本研究所用研究工具 為教練領導行為量表及團隊適應量表。研究 結果為:1.四個層級的選手在五種教練領導 行為(訓練與教學的行為、社會支持的行 為、管理的行為、讚賞的行為、溝通的行為) 都有差異存在。2.四個層級的選手在人際適 應及教練領導行為適應有差異存在。3.各層 級的選手其教練領導行為可以有效預測其 團隊適應。 關鍵詞:教練領導行為、團隊適應 Abstract

The purposes of this study were: 1.to compare the difference of perceived coach’s leadership between different levels of athletes (elementary school, middle school, university, social group), 2.to compare the difference of team adaptation between different levels of athletes, and 3.to explore the effects of athletes’ perceived coach’s leadership on team adaptation. There were 1618 subjects (elementary school 396, middle school 667, university 397, social group 158). The instruments used in this study were coach’s leadership inventory and team adaptation inventory. The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1.There were differences of coach’s leadership (training & instruction behavior, social support behavior, managing behavior, praising behavior, and communication behavior)

between four levels of athletes. 2.There were differences of interpersonal adaptation and coach’s leadership adaptation between four levels of athletes. 3.Athletes’ perceived coach’s leadership could validly predict team adaptation.

Key words: coach’s leadership, team adaptation

二、緣由與目的

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係適應 13.4%;溝通的行為及訓練與教學的 行為可以預測情緒適應 32.5%;溝通的行 為、訓練與教學的行為及社會支持的行為可 以預測教練領導行為適應 48.9%。 2.中學選手社會支持的行為、溝通的行 為及讚賞的行為可以預測訓練生活適應 29.3 %;社會支持的行為、讚賞的行為及管理的 行為可以預測人際關係適應 20.5%;社會支 持的行為、讚賞的行為及溝通的行為可以預 測情緒適應 31.1%;社會支持的行為、溝通 的行為及訓練與教學的行為可以預測教練領 導行為適應 43.4%。 3.大學選手社會支持的行為、讚賞的行 為及訓練與教學的行為可以預測訓練生活適 應 41.3%;讚賞的行為、管理的行為及社會 支持的行為可以預測人際關係適應 17.1%; 溝通的行為、讚賞的行為及訓練與教學的行 為可以預測情緒適應 38.6%;社會支持的行 為、訓練與教學的行為、溝通的行為、管理 的行為及讚賞的行為可以預測教練領導行為 適應 51.8%。 4.社會組選手讚賞的行為及社會支持的 行為可以預測訓練生活適應 37.8%;讚賞的 行為、訓練與教學的行為及溝通的行為可以 預測人際關係適應 28.8%;讚賞的行為可以 預測情緒適應 26.8%;溝通的行為、讚賞的 行為及社會支持的行為可以預測教練領導行 為適應 68.5%。 五、參考文獻 王俊明(民 91):教練領導行為量表之編製 暨運動情境理論之驗証。國科會專案 研究。 中華民國體育協進會(民 76):運動人際學。 台北:幼獅文化事業公司。 何金針(民 75):國中學生性別角色與生活 適應、學習成就之關係。國立臺灣師 範大學教育研究所碩士論文。 吳武典(民 74):青少年問題與對策。台北: 張老師出版社。 洪冬桂(民 75):我國大學生適應問題、因 應 行 為 、求助偏好及相關因素之研 究。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所碩 士論文。 陳玉娟(民 84):臺灣地區游泳教練領導行 為與選手滿意度與成績表現關係之研 究。國立臺灣師範大學體育研究所碩 士論文。 陳其昌(民 82):排球教練領導行為對團隊 凝聚力的影響暨驗証運動情境領導理 論之研究。國立體育學院體育研究所 碩士論文。 張雯琍(民 84):大專運動選手 A 型行為組 型對運動團隊適應的影響。國立體育 學院體育研究所碩士論文。 莊艷惠(民 86):教練領導行為對團隊凝聚 力及內在動機的影響。國立體育學院 體育研究所碩士論文。 黃金柱(民 79):國家級運動教練領導行為 之調查研究。國立體育學院論叢,2 期,33-62 頁。 楊純碧(民 87):教練領導行為對團隊氣氛 與教練– 選手關係滿意度之影響。國 立體育學院體育研究所碩士論文。 鄭志富、方明營(民 83):大專院校足球教 練領導行為與運動員滿意度關係之研 究。國立師範大學體育研究所碩士論 文。 鄭敏雄(民 81):大專院校教練領導行為與 運動員滿意度關係之研究。國立台灣 師範大學體育研究所碩士論文。 簡茂發(民 67):父母管教方式與兒童生活 適應之關係。教育心理學報,11 期, 63-86 頁。

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