第五章 討論與結論
第四節 對教育現場的貢獻與建議
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第四節 對教育現場的貢獻與建議
本研究是迄今唯一結合睡眠實驗室與教室現場實驗來探討國小學童午睡 效益的研究，因此，本研究應該能激起未來更多研究來探討兒童午睡研究課題，
同時也能以科學研究結果對教育現場提出有關兒童午睡課題的建議。本研究發 現五年級學童在校 20 分鐘以內的午睡，對於學生下午清醒度與專注力，的確 能夠發揮札面的效益。因此，對有午睡需求的學童，即使是這些學童是在前夜 睡眠情況並無缺乏的情況下，也能發揮促進學童注意力與主觀清醒度的表現。
所以建議學校可以鼓勵有午睡需求的學童，善用午休時間進行短暫時間的午睡，
以目前各校午休時間多在 30-40 分鐘，建議午睡時間可在 20 分鐘以內，避免 學童午睡時間過久，進入深度慢波睡眠階段過久，在熟睡時被迫清醒反而產生 睡眠遲惰現象，影響學童的學習表現與情緒，更間接降低了學童的午睡動機。
同時，校方也可藉此加強教師與學童午睡衛生教育的宣導。不過，也因為學校 午睡環境的不夠舒適或其他因素的影響，造成學童在校午睡意願並不高，因此，
進一步瞭解並解決不利於學童午睡動機的問題，以及增進午睡札面效益的方法，
也是教育當局與校方需要關心並且努力的課題。
雖然本研究發現短暫午睡對於學童的札面效益，但仍有許多影響午睡動機 與效益的因素，需進一步瞭解與探討。因此本研究並不鼓勵教育當局或校方以 便利管理學生午休秩序或午睡札面效益前提下，硬性強迫所有學童進行午睡，
甚至以懲罰方式來處理不午睡的學童，因為這些都違反科學午睡的精神與價值，
不過無論是午睡或不午睡的學童，教育當局都應該開始關心國小學童白天睏睡 度的問題。
另外，本研究發現國小高年級學童無論是在週間上課日或假日，皆出現夜間 睡眠剝奪或睡眠時數不足的現象，尤其高年級女童延遲上床問題似乎又較男童嚴
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重。國內學童面對學校及家長所加諸的各種學習與情緒壓力，睡眠缺乏的問題可 能會持續存在。雖然目前有關短期夜間睡眠時數減少，對國小學童負面的影響並 無太一致的結論，不過兒童長期睡眠不足所造成的睡眠債，對學童學習或情緒、
甚至健康層面等影響，目前尚缺乏實證研究進行探討，因此兒童長期睡眠不足的 問題，仍是未來研究需努力探討的課題，同時也亟需教育當局及家長重視，並開 始加強教師與家長的睡眠衛生知能，進而在教育現場與家庭，即早教導學童札確 的睡眠衛生知識，養成良好的睡眠習慣。
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