建議 - 中高齡者運動行為與工作記憶之研究

本節依據研究與討論歸納後產生結論，並提供中高齡者以及後續研究建議。

一、對中高齡者運動行為之建議

(一) 建立高強度以上之運動行為：

本研究發現中高齡者多以「短時低強度走路組」的走路運動行為居多，而年齡愈高，參與天數、參與時間雖有增多趨勢，卻容易忽略運動強度對預防認知功能退化的影響。運動不僅是「要活就要動」的低層次需求，對於正處於人生下半場之中高齡者，更須考量個人健康狀況與興趣，建立高強度以上之運動行為，注重運動持續時間及運動頻率之協調，來提升認知功能表現，並增進身心健康。

(二) 強化運動型態的選擇，以減緩工作記憶退化：

認知功能原有個別差異，更易受年齡、教育程度、從業或職業身分、慢性病等背景變項影響，運動可以維持體適能，提高工作記憶表現，其效益與運動的強度及型態有關。因此，對於多數仍在職場工作且運動所佔生活比重偏低之中高齡者，

更須選擇具有運動效益之參與型態，如騎單車、體適能、球類等活動，以減緩認知老化的速度。

二、對後續研究的建議

(一) 探討不同族群：

本研究是針對居住在大臺北地區的中高齡者，研究結果雖無法推估到不同人口背景的族群，但仍可作為推廣中高齡者運動行為之參考，而未來研究建議針對不同縣市瞭解各變項是否有城鄉差異，來探討本研究架構對於不同人口背景之族群是否有適用性。

(二) 精進工作記憶測驗：

本研究發現工作記憶測驗之正確率皆未達顯著差異，應與題目難度設計較容易有關，建議後續研究可考慮增加測驗難度、讓電腦鍵盤靈敏度反應標準化，並同時縮減測驗題數及時間，以增加受測者答題意願，使正確率的差異較有顯著。

(三) 使用不同資料收集方法：

本研究以問卷調查法探討運動行為對工作記憶之影響，發現運動的自覺強度，

仍有更精確的測量方式，例如，以穿戴式裝置將運動數據上傳資料庫，惟目前許多儀器尚在發展中，且收集到的族群以規律運動人口為主有樣本特性問題。

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在文檔中中高齡者運動行為與工作記憶之研究 (頁 67-83)