• 沒有找到結果。

第五章 討論

第三節 建議與護理上之應用

口服標靶藥物治療之 CML 患者大多於門診追蹤治療,且治療成效佳,少有需 短時間密集返診情況,因此患者必須等待返診後才能將照護問題與醫護人員討論

,且CML 患者與其他癌別患者相形之下呈現的身體症狀與照護需求較無急迫性

,故臨床醫療人員較易忽視此族群之治療後身體症狀與照護需求。另外,CML 患者缺乏個案管理師定期追蹤,絕大多數受訪者表達受到醫療人員提供主動的關 心與照護較缺乏,僅少數患者因參加臨床試驗而有藥廠專聘護理師提供電訪關懷

,若能提供完整的疾病治療期追蹤,並且有個案管理師或門診醫療人員主動提供 適時幫助與關懷,患者在治療期間便能更加適應因治療所引起的身心不適。

目前國內外針對口服標靶藥物治療後之症狀評估與照護需求方面的護理研究 較缺乏,未來標靶治療將成為癌症治療的主流,有更多的患者接受標靶藥物治療

,患者在治療期間的身心變化與照護需求值得臨床醫療人員正視,期待爾後臨床 研究者能夠進一步對此議題深入探討。

目前的護理教育較著重於急性期的癌症照護,對於門診與其他醫療機構治療 的患者較難有深入的接觸,因此其照護需求也容易被忽視;在進階臨床護理人員 的養成教育上,也缺乏完整且有系統的評估工具,有效率地在短時間客觀評估患 者身心狀態與其照護需求,以致無法提供患者更全面及適時的協助,期望未來在 不同的進階臨床護理角色的養成教育上,能夠提供不同疾病治療階段與治療型態 患者照護及評估的訓練計畫,並且發展合適的評估工具,使進階護理角色能適時 發揮其功能,進而給予更適切且符合實際需求的護理措施。

54

註:ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ,ECOG)生活品質評估,採 0-5 分計分,分數愈低表 示生活品質及功能愈佳。

55

第二代TKI 藥物(Sprycel®、Tasigna®) 47(46.1)

服用標靶藥物時間

56

需按時服藥 14(13.7)

其他困擾 8( 7.8)

是否曾停用標靶藥物

是 36(35.3)

否 66(64.7)

是否曾更改標靶藥物

是 30(29.4)

否 72(70.6)

是否參加臨床試驗

是 26(25.5)

否 76(74.5)

是否參加病友團體

是 37(36.3)

否 65(63.7)

疾病治療相關衛教管道

有 96(94.1)

無 6( 5.9)

57

體重變化 3.1(3.8) 51(50.0%) 12(11.8%) 16(15.7%) 23(22.5%)

疲倦 3.0(3.0) 41(40.2%) 15(14.7%) 35(34.3%) 11(10.8%)

肌肉痙孿 2.6(3.2) 49(48.0%) 24(23.5%) 18(17.6%) 11(10.8%)

頭髮變白 2.4(3.5) 60(58.8%) 13(12.7%) 12(11.8%) 17(16.7%)

眼眶水腫 2.5(3.1) 55(53.9%) 17(16.7%) 18(17.6%) 12(11.8%)

失眠 1.7(3.3) 73(71.6%) 12(11.8%) 5( 4.9%) 12(11.8%)

註:研究工具採用症狀嚴重度評估量表(Symptom Severity Scale;SSS)以十分法計分(0-10 分),

評估患者最近一星期之身體症狀,0=無症狀、1-3 分=輕度症狀、4-6 分=中度症狀、

≧7 分=重度症狀;症狀愈嚴重分數愈高,經修訂後總題數為 27 題。

58

表 6. 慢性骨髓性白血病患服用不同口服標靶藥物 Top 15 症狀嚴重度比較

變項 Glivec(a) mean(SD)

Tasigna(b) mean(SD)

Sprycel(c)

mean(SD) F value P value LSD Post-Hoc 皮膚顏色改變 7.5(3.5) 0.8(2.4) 4.2(4.6) 28.00*** <0.001*** a>c>b 體重變化 3.1(3.8) 3.3(4.1) 2.9(3.6) 0.66 0.710

疲倦 2.9(2.9) 2.6(3.0) 3.4(3.1) 0.52 0.618

肌肉痙孿 3.8(3.3) 1.6(2.6) 0.6(1.5) 12.77*** <0.001*** a>b>c 頭髮變白 2.6(3.7) 1.2(2.6) 3.2(3.6) 1.86* 0.019* c>a>b 眼眶水腫 3.4(3.3) 0.2(0.8) 2.0(3.1) 9.46*** <0.001*** a>c>b 失眠 1.1(2.7) 3.0(4.2) 1.9(3.5) 2.73** 0.001** b<c<a 疼痛 1.2(2.1) 1.6(2.8) 2.4(2.3) 1.96 0.224

皮膚疹 0.7(1.4) 2.6(3.8) 2.4(2.9) 7.19*** <0.001*** b<c<a 口乾 1.2(1.9) 0.9(2.2) 2.6(3.1) 4.07* 0.003* c<a<b 下肢水腫 1.5(2.4) 0.8(1.7) 1.3(2.9) 0.65 0.169

腹瀉 1.6(2.4) 0.4(1.2) 1.3(2.5) 2.30** 0.002** a>c>b 頭痛 1.0(2.0) 0.6(1.7) 1.3(2.5) 0.76 0.157

四肢末梢麻木 0.8(1.5) 1.3(1.8) 1.2(1.7) 1.28 0.126

噁心 1.3(2.2) - 0.5(1.7) 4.89*** <0.001*** a>c>b 註:本表採單因子變異數分析(One way ANOVA)統計分析三種標靶藥物服用後之症狀嚴重度,並 以LSD Post-Hoc 檢定有相關性之症狀嚴重度排序。

a: a 表示服用 Glivec、b 表示服用 Tasigna、c 表示服用 Sprycel。

59 1:本表採用支持性照護需要調查(Supportive Care Needs Survey Screening 34;SCNS- SF34)量 表評估患者目前之照護需求,總題數為34 題,量表採 1-5 點計分法,1 分=無需求、2 分=需求已 滿足、3 分=低度需求、4=中度需求、5=高度需求,分數愈高表示需求愈高;以描述性統計換算百 分比方式呈現患者於目前的照護需求排序。

2:需求層面分類簡稱:(1)健康系統=健康系統與資訊需求層面、(2)性=性需求、(3)生理=

生理與日常生活需求、(4)心理=心理需求、(5)照護支持=病患照護與支持需求。

60 註1:*p <0.05. **p <0.01***p<0.001。

61

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