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第五章 結論
受到 1997 年亞洲金融危機、WTO 回合談判進度延宕、以及區域經濟整合興 起之影響，韓國自 1998 年金大中時期開始正視雙邊 FTA 對於韓國所可以帶來的 經濟效益，但韓國在該時期對於洽談雙邊 FTA 仍抱持著較為保守謹慎的態度，
其目的主要是希望能夠透過不同的途徑有效增加韓國對外的出口。在金大中執政 時期，韓國僅與經濟規模較小的智利完成雙邊 FTA，一方面是因為對智利開放韓 國國內市場所造成的衝擊較小，另一方面則是希望從與小型經濟體之間的 FTA 開始累積談判雙邊 FTA 經驗，作為未來與大型經濟體談判 FTA 的墊腳石。
在盧武鉉執政時期，中國與日本對韓國在出口上的競爭更為激烈，中國簽訂 了與東協之間的經濟合作框架協議，日本也完成了與新加坡的 FTA，兩國在海外 市場更具優勢。因此，盧武鉉政府在 2003 年提出了「FTA 路線圖」，強調同時與 不同的對象國洽談高規格、全面性的 FTA，目的是盡可能的拓展韓國的出口市 場，將 FTA 所帶來的經濟效益最大化，同時帶動韓國國內各產業制度面的改革，
提高韓國整體的競爭力。在盧武鉉執政時期，韓國完成了與新加坡、EFTA、東 協與美國之間的雙邊 FTA，其中，韓國與美國之間的 FTA 對歐盟的海外市場施 加壓力，迫使歐盟必須以更積極的態度推動雙邊 FTA，也促成了韓國與歐盟之間 的 FTA。在 2008 年至 2013 年期間，李明博政府延續了盧武鉉政府的「FTA 路 線圖」，積極主動的對外尋求洽簽 FTA，並提出了「全球韓國」與「新亞洲外交 構想」的方針，希望韓國能夠在國際上以及在區域內扮演著更重要的角色，建立 一個以韓國為中心的 FTA 網絡。在李明博執政時期，韓國完成了包括與印度、
歐盟等 5 國之間的雙邊 FTA，同時也使美韓 FTA 得到批准生效，讓韓國成為了 唯一一個同時與美國、歐盟、印度三大經濟體同時簽有 FTA 的國家。
在李明博的任期結束後，韓國自 2012 年開始由朴槿惠執政，在朴槿惠執政 下，韓國延續了過去韓國領導者的 FTA 方針，強調向外簽訂雙邊 FTA 對拓展韓
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的 FTA 政策為韓國達到了定調的作用，而韓國在這樣的策略之下更為積極的面 對貿易自由化，並且化被動為主動，為出口部門在海外市場創造了更多空間。
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