• 沒有找到結果。

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第五章  結論 

由過去許多研究中我們可以發現,金融中介在不同的環境設定下,

可以透過各種不同的管道或政策搭配來影響總體經濟的發展,而在內生 成長模型的設定下,資本累積將會有助於經濟成長率的提升。

本研究假定經濟體系為無窮交替的兩期跨代模型,己知民眾具有風 險趨避的特性之下,金融中介機構將有存在的動機,我們利用 Espinosa and Yip (1999)的固定替代彈性之效用函數將風險趨避程度引入模型中 討論,並得到不同趨避程度將決定替代效果與所得效果的相對大小,藉 由空間分離與隨機移動的假設來說明,在流動性偏好的衝擊下,金融中 介機構可依據代表性個人效用極大化之目的來決定出均衡的存款準備 率、經濟成長率與名目利率,充分實現促進流動性管理之功能。

而在政府政策方面,我們分別繼續探討在存款準備率是否受到限制 的情況下,面對代表財政政策、貨幣政策與中間財貨廠商的不完全競爭 程度改變之外生參數變動,是否會對均衡經濟成長率與均衡名目利率等 產生影響。我們可以發現,在金融機構未受限於法定存款準備率時,政 府政策與經濟成長之間的關係深受金融中介資產配置的影響,而資產配 置的方式又與存款者的風險趨避程度有關。

而金融中介機構若受限於法定存款準備率的規範時,不論民眾風險 趨避程度的高低,外生參數的改變對於均衡成長率和均衡名目利率的變 動影響方向均相同,反映出在受限的法定存款準備率下對於風險趨避程 度不同所引起的替代效果與所得效果產生了隔絕作用。從比較靜態的分 析結果中看出法定存款準備率使政府支出的變動無法影響經濟成長率;

另外,在緊縮的貨幣政策下,由於流動在外債券的增加排擠了部份投資

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上的配置,將使資本存量與經濟成長率的降低;最後,中間財廠商競爭 程度的提高將不利於經濟成長且使名目利率上升。

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參考文獻 

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1. 李建強(2003) ,「金融發展、經濟成長與資本所得稅」,國立中正大 學國際經濟研究所博士論文。

2. 林昌平(2010) ,「金融發展、經濟成長與所得分配」,國立政治大學 金融研究所博士論文。

3. 陳明郎(1999),經濟成長,華泰書局。

4. 黃仁德、羅時萬(2000) ,現代經濟成長理論,華泰書局。

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