大學生愛情關係分手歷程之研究

全文

(1)$¥{}:f!t!wjl:t,*fIJ ~+1i1li(2003). ~/[L)JtEl. ~71-92. *!¥~~mruJf~Jt~~~ziJf~. ;~~If. ' f*UiIf. *~~~.m*.~~m~~~~ft~.m,~~a~OO~~ft~~~~~OO~~~~.1~ ¥JiFflID)\.'L<fl.l~J ~liff~t#H~. :j:jRf~ 5jIJ i~mJ1J~ sk] 7J It llHr. ,. tJ.mflIDa~Dfi1J*~~~~Jlft~~1'tFJTt,\'t*8k]flj~~~Jil[f. 0. j:~. ' liff ~tlt ~~ 8111:*.M r~nf ~~ ft ~*~~_§JiJj~ 5} -¥-Jt~~;z*.. ~,Jt~~~~*'~.~W.~~.~.'*.~6~'~±~2~'ffi@m~ft~~ • • a~ 1±*.~fJ'~. 0. liff~*5*~. tHJ!:-5}~~~~Jil[fJ. '. :. (1)5}~.f~*¥j(ijJ ftllX r~mf*flj~-jtfflj~OOM1$IJ~Dftlltft~ J. rEJfitti'¥-ft~j&s":mitttJ. ~8"J~ml*c)l: • • f~i:!!~@A. EJ ftmB;tsk]C)I:~.f~ ;. '. ril]m-JmFrfP*fT~rl5$IJ.fJf1±J.[J]jll'M~. r~m1*. '. ; (2)ft ; (4). (3) EJ ftttr,¥8"Jl[\;~jll'M~~iI]mjll'M~s"J~~. j:~mft~~.~ft~W1±~.m~~OO~EJft~m~.ofi~fifi~~~~M*~ft~.,~. ml±l ii 'H~ I 1'F WS"J 91 ~i'i ~jnllJ : ft~.f~ , ~'I'nml* 0. The purposes of this study was to explore the change process of breakup of romantic relationship, from starting conflict to relation termination. The process included the change of romantic relationship and the change of individual psychological process. There were 8 undergraduat and graduate students who had breakup experience and agreed to receive in depth interview. The results included: (1) There were four stages to descript breakup process, including 'conflict in relationship', 'to pull and drag in relationship', 'ups and downs inside', and 'to take off in life'. (2) Individual would experience the process of changing in themselves when they experienced the process of changing in relationship. (3) The stage of low tide of 'ups and downs inside' was the basis of the stage of 'to take off in life'. (4) The people who choiced to separate or were forsaken were experienced the conflict of self orientation. Based on these findings, implications for practice and further research were addressed as well.. Key words: breakup, romantic relationship. FF:%f :. f~Ti,rIlffJfll~~:U:jf)(¥E1*,*IL,J!Jl.~~iJ~11l. Wzfilii:. 20024-6 R 18. ;. a ; t~~ : 20034- 1 R 6 a. £l'iUj~iM~~I~Llz:I&tE1*,*jL,}!Jl.~tl!l±f)Hffj'E~. 0.

(2) 1. I. I. 1. ~fHlf~nm{* ~p~!Vm~~{*~ t1 n'L\ Jn~ /. ili~*!¥J.a~.$,~.~g~IZ9~A7t-=¥ffij~~!¥J~~li\Wr.#;~m~. $'Jft**!¥J~§pJj${}. ,. 1Z9~~~$IJ7t-=¥.{4ffijM**Jt'JB"J11E*{~*~1X. ~tt~1iHEi&,.A:m.~m:*B"J~E.14(Kaczmarek,. ~/1~1i~t~ A*~)t~-fl~iJ*~~H:}B"Ji~~iJ*~~. Backlund, &. ' ft~~ , ~ Biemer, 1990) 0. , ~~7t-=¥~~ftj;j~~~MmtE. ~'~Am~~~~$tt~~2,m~AWIZ9~-.~~,j'C~ft~~7t-=¥!¥J~m. $ ,. @a~~~$IJ J {tJ!f~B"JtitW-wt. ?. \. £l1i:n ~=al x :7* . . \\\ ffij a"f \Wr3l~r!*M. 1J IZ9 ~!¥J~~ -j J1rtiJ11E ) ~ , i±!\Wr~V. ~~H~7t-=¥~m!¥J~j'Ci±!~ili=+~~~~m:m'~~!¥JffiH~j'C~~~. lim±:a/11~. ~'H*~.ft~~r~AmW~7t-=¥J!¥J~IZ9,~~7t-=¥~m$!¥J~~m~~~. 1i~~7t-=¥~. ~. , ~tfti ij~ (~90) ~&i7Jm §. M~~)7HlJf§&'ffi*~11~~~%f~01ilJ~~*~l¥rfc&fjli!¥J. it '. ffij~ft[. ~m~j'C,*~j'C~~M~H~7t-=¥~IZ9!¥JffiH~j'C'M~*'Mm~.~,~~~. 7f:~. 0. .te7t-=¥~m~~!¥J~j'C:n~'~fFmmttm.!¥Jtega~o. ~~il. '. flEa. B"JW~m. tt~! 0. {t(~. ~-B"JB§;l:tr:. , f§lilJ&i51 ' ~/I'~~~il ' *m ' iij ~ '~B"J1mW!' 7t-=¥WJ\flEr€f~(Tzeng, 1992) , *%f~J;jmm{**lf~(relationship maintenance).~~*~~7t-=¥B"J!Jj(1Z9 ' ~~i;B"J.!.lpmRusbult (1980)PfTWteB"Jt',tjfm YnIi(the investment model) , ~!2m~m{**5*JJ.IZ9~{lEa1~~m{*$pfTjj1~B"JMi.WM ~~-f;: , j;jf;:~~itd~$IJ1i~m{*B"J~~~~~ iiJ~~ (~84) &i7JmJl;tt~rt~¥*m~ ~/I'~~m{*B"J~M*f;:~ 7tm~~A. '. M~. 0. mWm~Aft~mH%$~.r~m~H~~~tt!¥J~W'~~~~\Wr.1J!¥J#m H%,.~~mft~H%$.~m.,mw~.~.~~mH%'ill~rH%Ji±!W. f~J~t!t~~IJ&i5I1J. $ ,. 0. ~JJ[~ItI-@r~ , 7t-=¥~f~$flEa~fI11~I1~m{*$B"Jt',tW¥~~f. ~1Z9Jl;tii~fIEApqft~~. {~1Wi~1iflEa1T~B"J~W*~ fX~~:¥£~E8. , ~~ij~'EIfEfIEA1i~m{*B"J~~ Strauss (1978)1~:::st , ~!2mflEaftlil}]~m{*$\Wr{Elilwf~ ~ fXfE{ll ' m~ 0. rfXJ*rfcfE ' ffij\Wr~$iJ/I~;l:tlEl~B"J~W iIJ~~ (~84) t~ te $ ~ Am:t~~m{* ' 7t-=¥~~~~ij~11j;j lffi:n rflEA±: RJ B"Jfflt!Ji *~~~'~A~~~~:[email protected]%$~$jjm.~M~~ • • ~H~'~ 0. J. 1lEa~OfilJJ. (=) liJf~~ E8~~:. Jt te 7t-=¥ B"J i -=¥ IZ9 ~ 1111E ' ~ , :tt~!Vml ./ . . a,e.\ - :n ITfi i±!{E I In. i!H~B~. , liW. IZ9 5IUAH~ B"J1 ~~ , 1£ liJf j'C : *'~ftYnlifFm1 ~=I¥(.

(3) ~i~~:=f+Hff~b. 0. ~~4~~6tJJ~rr lJ1HthfrYJH!~~!llf¥,**4~(lgplO PUO;)gs)i1=~. l~.M~g¥mY~M~Y~"~M~~~~~~,~g~¥m~M~~*. g , *}~~~ $i~*~iW. Y:1Wl¥J (l6¥f ' IIn~~ , K~:¥i)*}~~4~6~J~bHitl@]H!N%*¥fff~Y£n~~-i:ci;f:lt~Qn ' ~i 0. g~g~W-LW~~'~lliM~~~~"~~~~~~~~Wl,~g~~~*M. ~~~g~y£o~.~~*~"ti.~.~~~M~~M.~~-i:ci;fm,~mM. 4~~m~~WID'~~W~UMM~~"~~OO~'~~~ij~~~~moou-. 15a} , (A1Bpunoq)~~~4~~:jTttf}~~Jlll~Jf~2JlI '. ~f:f~~~II~~*}~~~Itl@]}~fKUf. '. r. ~. ij s}. ,. :z;r}~. 4~~(8L61 Jf;~¥ §! 17~. ~mi*}~~. WMltll4. M.ifItlWWmMM~M~4~~W~~~~~M~~~4~Mci;fm¥~~$. ~~~¥~Et:F. ~~~~~M~'Z~~*~"*M~m~4~~~V~g~'~~.~4~rn~. §hl:;}4~Lt~. ~4~f{I~*}W~.p~lt-15rn~(tL6n urq;)nu!WWl¥J. 0. .fj4~6~Mif{ifltl@]H~~M4. if§!17~4~H. drqsuoPBI. o~i~~~~~Y9~ci;f:lt~~~m~!fJ ' • fim '. W~~:jTWl. *!i*4~~~ili*4~4Yiiif{N:$/H~}'. =~Itl@]}~$. 0. 0. !I} ,. ~HE4~~:jTif~~!llf.¥I!!}D~~@]}L. g~)jL. xun '!l¥ ' ~~rl~~~f~1ftm4~-if. (9661 'AglOJ)~Y9~6tJJ~ -¥:~Y~~4~:W~. , ~ig4~f:lf$fl8~}. 0. !\w*}4~. :W~4Y~Wl~~W~~£.~~~W'~W~~~'~~B~'~.M~R'~~. u~M~~*mmU-15'.BMm~~~ij~~~~"~~~mu-~wo~~ ~~4~~~Y!E~~~-¥:~!JfuW~~:jTWl. '. 1:j:~~W~M~!fJ4~-i:M4.p~m~~Wl. ' 1ft. m~-~=~~:=fItl_~~~:=fYW~Mm~M~YW,~m~~#!E4~M¥M. m~.W'~~ci;fm~oUM~~~fum'.B~~"~~fuItlW'~~.:=f~~. ~fuW2 ~ ~J. o~Itl~~~~~2Y.~~~~~~R.mY~~2ijM~if~~~UMiJ. ¥'~~li. ~~~if{*}W~~mif ' ~t1~ (t8¥f) ~mn~ 176f~PJll~4~~*}W~~:jT~Y@]}iJ*lilm ' ~ M1ft~f~Y~I1*W}¥J~~r::i ' ~ ~!fJMW ~4~ iW:=f~_J M i~:=fY@]}J ~.lil ~!Jfu~~~4~~~~¥dEf EfI~~~4~4~.fj~mi~~~b§*J ' .fi4~~MLt i~n~~~W}~~fJ**}~~4~Y[>tjJ;l-~E~t1~ (68¥f) .\i4*~ l2ftlfIM~ iW:::Fil-_J biflil , Y{ *~~rl;j'!~} 4 U §fI ~ r::i ~iW¥4~l-~EWl ¥J 0. 6~~4~4-8. ~Mamlt~. 0. o. lJ} ~ 6~~ 4~ ~~~Yili$jJ;4~~@. (0661. '1;;. *lilY~~'mmM¥m~W'B~~~R~~~UMI1*~~M.~~"~m~ i~:::FItl_J s} , ~@*}~~4~~Y92 ij rn~q~~*?il~~Uf~ii~t~Jf~lilfiM. '. *}~~:!MJ*~.

(4) 1. Verhesschen, 2001) , pJT tJ;fi~~¥IHlIDiI:tE~m{if, ~a"J~{l ' ~ll/fB!R~g1~ iJJtl'~7~ll(reality testing)J pJT 1ffi'*a"J ~1.'~m{if,flWC(Goldenberg & Goldenberg, 1996) , ;t:t1.'{J] BJM;ff~!Mr=lJa~1itt:tE {lID iI a"J pq 1£ ff~ ~ ¥M tN ~m {if, ~ 1la"J tel mt [Zg Jlt * litf ~ ~i'6 is ~ ~ ~~ {lID iI1£ ~m {if, ~ a"J fl i~t§J ~{lIDilJI;:tEa"Jt±-wrIIDU~ (~Ufc) ~~fJHffinlG(Smeyers &. 0. WC'~/f.~.~~H~mfinlG~§~§~'~M~~~BJU~~@iI~~~,m ~\~Jf~~Jl{lIDiI~i1ij~m{if,a"Jtelmt¥MiI~. ila"Jpq:tE*~~¥M~§t~. , ~D{IIDA~i~m{if,a"J~m ~ I.' '. fffi~F{I~m{1ID. *litf~j. :tElitf ~~i ~J tff~J*:V:~~ ~f*J'~tmt. is Jt. 0. *m~iS~m**~:tEOO~~~~~~m,~~~~1itt:tE@ilmJl~~~~. 1l '. I. .1. MtM;ff:*:~~a"J***~~*nlGm{lIDlitf~OOrPJ*~g1. : -~:tE{lIDiI~DJla"J i~m{if,Ji. OOJ~'~~~~~~~~~~*~**.#~'@ilmJl~~.#OOWC¥M~~~. 0. , U*ij rPJ ' 1£ 'Ii 5j1ja' /f ~ ff~ .I~~ a"J ~ 1~ , M;ffIDJ~ P. ~i~. : =~:tE i{IIDA{}J'~f~J ~ , 7~~@iI~D16J~~c!lH~~¥lla"J~m{if,~ 1lJiOO ' tX&{lIDiI~D{6J:tEJlt~1l~~JI E3 Ca"J~B!:nA ' m1~1;£ i~m{if,JiOOJ ¥M i{IIDA {}J'~f~J m:nOOa"J3<:lH'Fffl ' ~fffi~m{lIDiI:tE~*~IW¥MilfrtMa"J**~f~~ , {lIDiI. ElFi !f.B. ~W~~¥MJI;g**.#m1ffi'*~~~¥M~~,*m~~.~~m~~-m~o. ~IDJ~. j}]a"JJJi!~iS16J. .-------------------------------------------------.. r---. r--------_.. ~ BJ: I iBI ;rrz, :SUi,. /,;0;" JI±f 0. A'C'D'l. ; ~~. 7~BtIDJ~. **a"Jff~~ ~. •-----------f--f -- -1- --T---f--............f........ t ........... f............... .. fie2 I fie~£'~~1l2~. I ~. ;i@ f~ J. , ~D~t~ig. W*4TtJ*~. ~1v;:~>U~1 "ft;,'1 L.7 . . . Jf--t ~. Il!l\. ~. , m1~~r *litf~;. ¥1J25~/f~. , ;t:t ~ §t~ IP'~ f~ , ;t:t {if! j. f~. ._-----------------------------------------------_. B~mJ~~. I. ---~--~--~---------------------------------~.~. £'~. :tE**~f~r:. G ' HJlj1ijj:.

(5) ="UJf1f11i!. len, 2001) ,. 7. testing)J pfT. :!& [PJ a~ 1Jj( 1£. :<$:liH~:± ~f*f~ 5jiJ i~Bt WJ§iR 8"1:n A ~ 1T. '. .l)JI~~~ 7t-:f ifH~ $. @A8"1 {} R~ ~ f~. 0. mm f* $ 8"1 f1 !*~~$ , @.. l£~~~.~~~~l£**MM'W.~7t-:f~.H • • 7t~~~~~**~,~. ~~fl~mf~. Mzf*}-'~1fO~f1(theory sampling)~B"6 ' ~*w*~ft8"1WJ~~1.. ~~M~.~.:nA'~~~~m~~W~~~~A~~~wmm.~ft~Am,. ' rnI.¥W*4iElfD. m~o~~~~~-~~~~.fi • • ~~~BtWJ~~~'.~~~~M.~~WJ. Jl: mm f* 8"1 ~ ~8"1 immf*Ji-. ~1.. ~YHIi~mmf*~. ~[PJ~.~~WJW'Hm*~¥@.m~mm'~~WMzl£~WJW~~WJ~M*. $iJ 8"1 mm f* ~. ~'~WJ~~~m~~m~~,~§e~~A.~~~~'Mz~m*m~~~~.. OOJ~Ff~A. m. f~$. 1. j;)*tf~tx:7t~8"1~m7t-:f$~mmf*fi §! ft~1~~f~. , f~J~Dm • • tX:7t~8"100. [Q) , l£'t15jiJ8"1~1~~:tJ*~£~~ , ~m~~~~[PJ8"1i&~-tl!1frl*1£7t-:fitH~$W. , f~a. l-pfTffi. '. 0. TIl{~~WJW~ti~3l)~*ttL. A ' C ' WWJ~. 0. '. m-*WJ~*"1-/J\a~*8"1lliHiOOWJ. ' ~$~WJW ' F~ El3m= fll~~. D ' E ' G ' H~El3m-fllliH~W.Jlt!iOOWJ ' ffij ~WJWB ; m=*ti~3l)~IJj;)m~3 ' 1Efft ' ~rnIti5!OO:nA~1~tB'i~~8"1~~. 0. ~BtWJ~$~~~~~~~~~~~m.~WJ~:n[Q):i7t-:f~~$~OO~~ ______. •. J MzH;fj~TIl*WJ~7t~1&~~Npm~mlJ~fiifL§c ; TIlWJ~7t-@~WJ W ' NP~t~1~WJ~iR~sffl~1T.~mllf~ , Mzj;)~~7ttJT:nA~1Tji*47ttJT ' ~M~ W*47 j;)7t~Ji ' ~@~ , la~1~ , ~fllliH~WMzthh[PJ53~:&liH~~-[PJ~1pfTtffiJf~~la ~ 1~ W*4 ~ 1T in:& ' TIl fll ~ WJ W8"1 • f~ ji *41lf~ *~ ~ liH ~ Wfi ~ it!! tfih [PJ liH ~ WW ~1fO ' :&i1&~[PJ~}-'tfj~II7t-:f~f~~:±~ififfi{}~f~ :<$:liH~~W8fll~WJW ' ~¥:<$:ji*4~D*-Ptrffi ' ~$~ft:g.* ' $fjMt£20~ $iJ25~~~ , ~$**~f66:& ' Iij±~2:& ' PfT§t@8"17t-:f*~~~~~1£**I9'~ ~'~$~WJWc'F'Gl£.m.tfj7t-:f~~~~~A7t-:f~~~ffij • • ~mm~ 19'~~~ , ~lt!!A ' B ' D ' E ' H~1£.tfj7t-:f1&*~~7tft~8j]8"111t~19'~~~ , ffijc ' G~iJ 1£7t-:f~f~$fitx:!Ht~~1~IHP~)L\}-'~:tJ1Tm~~ , l£:±flZ'JJ.7t-:f:noo ' A ' E ' G'H.~:±~.7t-:fW,ffijB'c'D'F~A • • ~7t-:fW'~M~~~§.mo 7t-:f8"1*~~. • • ----- .. . 0. '*. 0. ------.. •. -. -----_. ~. i. ~. *.~t.~~~~~.~~~. n.

(6) 1. 1. ~. ~-:fiff~!1~~~~~ {-t~. tl:5jiJ. A. tJ;. B. c D. E. ~. ~. ~. tJ;. -$~. F. G. ~. tJ;. 1£litW&~. ~. 25il. *-¥*=j}f~l. u~±~. *"J-iflZY@J~. 20il. *-j}~~0~'ill~*~tr-~~~*=~. *=~. *-¥iJ*= *"J-if. 23il. ~-=-¥Il*-. EB~t1Jm0~~PlI~110F7f1. *IZY~. *"J-if. 23il. {~*-¥ll*1ZY. *IZY~. lZYif~-f~~. 22il. 1:£* - F7f1 ~E1. *=~. W*=j}~~¥t'A~~-M~M. ~=T¥ll*-T. *=~. *"J-if':f. x:tlJ"J':fif. 21il. tJ;. 24il u~±~. 1:£* - F7f1 ~E1 $"J=if. (l)~J. ~~m. ' :Jt~;. fffi~A~¥iJ. 1iii~1~/f9iOi. :k. --t~ , -t~. *"J1if~~. ,. ~~f~1~§. *"J-f~~. (2) 2ta~. *- TM*~M~t1Jm0~1&~PlI~110F7f1. m0~1&~P 1I ~110 F7f1. 1:£~ -/J\ 0~ ¥iJ lEA 0~ *"J -. , 1& !,JU}('!. ~~DFPfT§. , ¥iJ~~, 1J~m ' ~Ili {)fffi tx: /f:t¥ ) i~. ~~¥iJ!!!~!. *~~. H. ~ IDJ :tf iB'i ~,. I. ~tf~~. 20il. :. 1.~m. ~ te 51 -:f ~ Pi 5E 51 -:f IfH~. Y:11B~Fa'. W-$*&. ,. if. ~*-a~ f:1~. r. ,.. ~(A0311. fii&l & ~~ i&'. rj , ~1Js~ ~illLt1J*g~ ~~\ ICJ\. ~,tt~1m. if; fJJ. *m~g~~m51-:f~m~MOO~~'~~~51~r~~~~-~~~Im~~ ~Dfl1t51-:f J. • r~m{~tll:t!l:-51-:f!f:!S~::y Mu • r§ fitt~-51-:f1&S~mrtJ • r~m ~ 1m *JT ~ ¥15 ¥iJ fJ! 1£J ~ [IE {~\Y'~ ~~ fffi lit [IE \Y'~~~s~ ~ {~~ 7 fi~1B'i~ te ~m {~s~ ~{~~ f~ 9} , {~as~ § fi~~ih1£lit~m{~ !f:!~:ri~~{~. '. ~ yJG. -it 1~Jft J1. M ;fi ~ rt rEi fEl ~o. 0. 0. rnH¥tj§:.

(7) 1. ~m-. :. IIJt~m~-ft£m~ImM3¥U5j~. rr~~~$mgmUTH~g~~~~lig~~,~rr~H~OO~$~m~~ ~~%ltal~{~A § lX~~s"J~1~. ~M. (1) ~~'lii51 ~B"JII~-. l@:¥IJ*=-.t. 0. § lXB"J~i\ItJ : !:H~$S"JfJj~WtBUlts"JOW~ ,. llil~~. ~H,~~~~m*~~m~~aH~~~M~m.~'~~~~~~*~~fi~ ffjjaA~¥IJ § cs"J~r5W~fn¥~~)C~. , g~rr-~~fIjj(~~~~B"J ' {}JJlLls"Jm. *~m~~~X~~M:r-M~k~k.~~.~~'~A#~~ft.~~~~. *-.'-M~~~~A.~~~.a.~M'* • • ~~~~l~.M~~~. , {t*-:Yt~A1t~1t M -ft ~~*- ' ~.tf!.~3;17 .~t-!-1t M -ft ~~*······(F00401) ~~DFPfT 8 ' fBlllts"J~m~mam{*s"J~o* ' ~:i:~s"J~:Eif~~M!i{~1!H~miR ' t~. J. 0. ~IJ. ~~~m§lX~~~Mm,~ffjj*m~M*m~H~o. (2) ~1'8**,-§fJGB"JfEt~~ ~IJ7tOO. : ffjj&if~~~a~ , ~'I~~m{*{t(f&\;jf$-f~~. ~'~~~U~nm:i:'~~~~~~if~~U.M'~~~~.~?:Em~U~. nm:i: '. ~IJOO~ § fJG~iM"1tJf!ic~~fnS"J~il. {}ffjjt~/f:1Jrlft!!Aa~ ~~fIJ~i§~. 0. ~:E~fnS"J~JP~~1'Tj}J~tJ § lXm $. , ~IJ~'t~~m{*J.lit*~~~*-~**11Blllt ' ffjjmg**'wra@jj!. {9iJ~DAtal~: r~-t1~~~~}]~Rk······k~I1~~*1~M~~;f~*. ~~~~,~*~~±.~~~~. T 'f(A03113)J. '. 0. •• ~r~k-**.'~~~~~~~~~.. mg5$7.!~tt!2W~lBl!l:U!U6S"JnAMI/fwr~Rf~jj!~~¥iJ?Jt. '. &ffjj~. g~N~m~*.o/f~~ft~mtt~n'~~fEtmtt~A':ER~mrr~Attw. r£' ~nB"J§lX~~~~*~~~¥iJfEt~*m' H{t(&\~j~/J\§Ce"JttWtJ*lH~~m{* ffjj 0. &~nm~tt~.g~m~~,mwrr~Attw~@jj!*~~~~~~§lX~ •. •. ,g~rm~mm~m~~§cU~/fH:r~*-t1.~-~~~,~*~~~. ~.'~~~~~M~~~M~~~~.'~M~~M~t.tf!.~ • • *-~~,~~. ij~rm~tl¥IJ. ,. r~m-. 9~1~~l~. ~~R~HJ.M. '. :Yt~~k~k. mG~~£~* '. ~k. mGlI}J~~£~ti(F02001)······J. 0. if~. :EM!i$~~~.~,g~*~~~~n~/f.W~.,ffjj~~rrH~$~~~@~. JWGo ,l.:!J.\. oo~m.~if~'.T*@jj!m~*~~~/f0~,g~~~~~.,~~~. *.~Im~~~~~tt~~~. n.

(8) 1. ,. 1'MIm~mf*. 1. ' ~a"JWJwfJ;(-'¥~~1BUJta"Jt!:!:W$1El/J\ J ' tlt~lE~Im~~JT1:¥i5a"J*~1:. a"Jf~ f~38. '. jj. ®~,~m*.tttt~fi~~~m~~~o. ;jfH~T~1t~. (3) ~/M}jU~B"J~1Jfr A-§fJGB"J/f~~~ : B 'E' HWlliR¥IJ~H~a"J~lt~otlt :nB"J~'I'HJjIJ~W~m 17i-1Jfr A*~~tlt:nf£,*j;tf2!M~flit;\~1:~/I'H~WBf!I5K::f8Jja"J. a"J11~~~3I<. ~~'OO~~:nw.~.m~-~~m'Ma~~~~~~~1:::f~~~:r~~. 1$'] ,. r~~ ~,ff,frt.~. 0. ~~~hI~k~.~~~'~~.~~'~~~~#.?k~k~.~M~±~ -~,. liftT'. ~.~t.tt~t~4:±I6(B05601) °J@~OTimmreck(1990)a"JliH~Wt§. 't i* ~ :Ii. ~ • fA .Q- -f 69. (D0330l)····· ~,II1.rr::Et$S ,u.,X .."., AE. ~~.'@~~~~-'¥~m~2~*~~~~W~o. •• ~.,rom~~*. **fniit)~. ~~~~~'~m~rr~~~~~w~m~~~$'~~OOg2'Z*~:n~~~. 1~UW~ a"J::f ~. :nrt~m,mMa~~w~~®~~.~,&®~~~~~m~:r~~~~~~. ~~~flte~/11. M ~ MJ ~1i. ' ... ···fJ~~ ~k~1ttl!§:l.~#- MJ.~ ! fJ~ Bf"r ~ k. t.~{i. Rubin, & Pep ~~, ' ~84). ~~.r~~~~~,~{i~~~'~~r*li.T·~~k.~.~'~~.~. ~¥ljg2f~J!. ~ft~li~,~.~~.~w~li.T·~.~k~~~~~~a~~. ~o. ~J~~~~::f~~~'MA~.~~*~~,~m~. 100 %T-M%T;f~~ ~ ,If.t£.f.. 0. •••. ~. .~~,If.t£.f.~-. ,. ···~t~ 1 ~100 ~ ,j' 8f" ~#-;f~J'J ~ B(J,If tf...f.. '. (B04401)······JB;gm t)~~¥1j g 21J;(-,¥W!~ r~~m*!xJ ' mBn~~~¥Ij'ia~~ g 2 ~roJf:j;tf2~m g tft ' t!nfJI! g ~tR:~m~ , Bn~::fIUJigm~~m1* oo~@m~*g~~~~,Ma~~~~~~*.~.-H,m~~*w •• ~.~.m •• ~~:r~~.~-~~ •• ~~~r~~I6~'~~~~~k~ ~~~h~ •• ~,~{i*.~*~~~~ •• **.~k~,~~h~~~,~ 1.JdtJU-f i-ffJ~aI6~ , .~{i§!l;ff. ~t.tt./~ ~ ~ 1tliftT(B0700l) J ~o~~frFp:'M. 2.~~=' ~. 0. 0. ~~~~Gm::f~J,~~.lE~~~-MMag~~m~!M*~~o. (4). IHJf~~.TIS*- § fJGtEJj~$'31:$tlM*1f1'iB"Jfl~. : ootltt!nM~m~a"J~tH '. g~rr~~~$.~~Jm~®~~::f~m,~~'i$~~~,~~.m~.,g. ~~~~~~~m~$W~~m~M,Moo.~~1J~.~~~~~M*oDfi~ a.~~~~,~M~~~tttt~~~~J~m®~,®@m~mBR~mM~~ ~,m~m~~~$~~A~~m~ftm,~mftmg~~*g~6a~~~~~. *liH~~ fj$.{f~~t. (1) 1tf.&1 It : rrllt I¥'~ ~~ 1X'ltri '. f~~ Jl. 49 Aftt)i!fIJ~ 1f-Lt~~,. ~JJt~~~t~. ~~'itl~ ]t!~~~5j-.

(9) .$81**~. ~*~m'~B~rr~~$Eltlt~~~~*81.*:~~~~~ •• '~*1.~ 4s*-f-~{~;;r:~.jlj-;fT~' ;j}fJt~,. e"11~*@fi!:*. ~~. {J'J ' 'iti;5;f,tittt#"H~J:.. {oo J3 1. ~ e"11itf J'C ~ f§ fJ~. 0. El ~~M{*, $ &1I$oy PJTffl*81)L.\~1~* '. e"1 ~ 11::. fO rlt ~ at::f Sj] e"1 : rl:t;h". ittt-f-1R1%(D03303). JrltD;g*~, ~~~ffiSm*. ~fi:@:g:fi!:~rt §. UWJe"1 :. ~~f:~*;;r:#a'~A~~1t*~~f~,~~*,~;;r:~i!~~;;r:~~*f. '. '5 x'" ... '5 x'" ... '5 x .. ·.. · ,. ","1tfJ~1t ~*-i~~. -{oo qF. 'f.~~~~ •• ~'~t.~-AA~XXX~~.l'~*~~'~~~~~~*. (D03301)'" "'J i§{J;.( -'¥{~~ 7 '. &'~tM~~ 711~Mrj(e"1[!]!J!ffij~rtMrj(B~. , El tit. ~~rr~$fi!:~~.*~'X~fi!:ffl~tt81.*'~~~~.~-'¥fi!:~.81.fflo. •• ~L~~'m~m::fVfi!:ooarr~~~~~~~~~~.'~fi!:fi~ffl~. El titrE{ rlt:1J §J ~j e"1. ~m~~::f~'~fi!:-:1J~m~-:1J::f.El2~~~fi:1Jffij~~~~*.fi:1J~'. l.Pi!~*fJ~. ~~ mUJUH ~ 'IW iW ~ ~ ~ iii ~ [9'~ ¥!*:. "t£4i~. Rubin, &. t£4i ' i.f,1t. ~~¥. ~fi. ,~;;r:,*"~. f: &' B~ e"1 El c. ~ fJ~ ;ft ~. ;;r: 1Jt,~ , ;{if ~ tit 1rFli-m. ~D [P] Hill ,. Peplaue"1tm!~~~ffiSiElJltlElpJT1Ii~e"1 r¥~liJ wm~~~~ffij~¥~fjJ~. ~84). 0. *1itfJ'C~aj]1iitthlij~. (mm. , llUirlt~M{*,~A81::f-¥~ , ±~fi!:Ml1IIDa~. ~~Elc*.~'~::f0~'~*~~'~fift~~Eltlt~~8~'8mft~~~. =fo 2. ~~=. '. ~t~trrt.Lt-;3'=¥q:.mJ~~. *1itfJ'C~rJ!rr~~}fHI~HElIlt~.ti. @:*~~m ~-t'fk~. '. ' ffij WiEuJ:t rr ~M {*, 81 ~ ~ ::f ~ ~ ~m '. l~. '. rffjfraOOfi~=fB~J!P~A~M1*,e"1tjJ:tll:[9'~¥!*:. $iW *~ Ifl J:XF ~ fi ~ ~ e"1 )L., 'l'fIf WEl tit ~ '3't. '. ~. 0. (1) f;t&1I/f~¥rJM~2;1~a"1mJ'i5- §!iGtE fM~*I~IHJ{*,J. Wf:fJ!'JH1MJ fIt'~. ~:rr~~~$Sj]~~~m~::f~i§~~ffl~~hl'~M~~~~~~~~B~. ~.'.fi!:~m'fu.fi!:~~R~81~~•• rr.~,i§fi~::f~~@~81~.. #fle"1 ~ Hlf ' i~ifj~. , it. i* Dti81 0. fi!:tM~e"1~ L~§~~L. ~AB~M~:r~;{if~~~~*;;r:.~ •• ~.~'~~~A~*.AT*'~ .-~~~'~A~;f,t;;r:~~-.A,~;;r:~~-.A~~~«~-.A'~~~ ~JJL~~ii;{if A~~. , ~A~;;r:~~,. PJfY;,{~JJL~;f,t~:l!~-t"~R~.~(E08902). 0. J. ~~&'fi:1J~~mm~~~~~at,ffij::f~~=f&'~-OOSj]~~~~M*~' ~~~.~-:1J~~~~at::fm~~~:r:l!~.;{ifD. •• ~~~4,;f,t~.f:~. **~tMI.~~Mtt~*~. ~.

(10) 1. §1. Gk:f:kj£1'f~. ~ -M!. i'" ~3t.. :. ~.t\. ~t ~(C0670 1). 0. 1!ki'".:te.1f-:!.5~~······k:f:k#@-.t\-100~,~z#~#~dj!;. 1r, :f: ~ ~ 7t- + ' .t\ 11" 0. ~ -Pt J'L ~k -!q-. , .t\ 1r, 1! "f Ji:A k Jl}] ~. 0. , Its1. .Jl foJt Ji:A ~ -t:ii. J. ~.~~~OO~~M.S*~A~AmfflH~~mm~~.'~~F~M~' g2~~~~~~m~~~~~~~.m~,~mR~m~~~m*~~'®SF ~~~W~n.Mq'~Bm~-W~R~.~~~:r-M~1!k-t*¥~~~. .:tr 't if; ~-M!. ' 1!!.;Jr T -. ~ ;3: Z 1~ ~k i'" 1It11- ~ ~ 1f - ~ 1lt i1l. -tt 6!; ~ 1It ...... ~.:fr 'it if; ~. ~~1f~~ • • '~~1f~~M~,~1It~~~k~.§1G'~~.~:ii~ili§1Jl}] ~6!;M],(;, *-$,t,~§1. G'. -~1~~c!,R, -~t aIJ 1t ~. 1t~olj1~ r~mJ. I l. , I. rMfXJ ffij.R *is* ' tt~ ~;f~*lf,nm. ~J -T =f 'I~ *6 ~IJ;!;~ =fJfH~B~. ,. ft§!W rOO~H. ~§1 G-100~711t' -!q-1~~1r1ill!j£-~6g~711t' ~1It11-fJ~k. 5t-=f q:r 8"J r1.. ~ i'"~F&~i*-(F03402)" .... JF~8"Ji~~iJ*~~ftPf~~~J. 5t-=f~JJ:llg. ,. pJT~~8"J r~mJ E!n1~1IIDft~t~~m1*q:rffW -fm1J2,{~~1~18"J~l¥. 'S. ~,~~£. • • ~mww¥m~~~q'Ma~~~~A~~H~M*.~o~. N ; ffij r±1. .~~~~.wmw~q:r~~W~ • • N.OO,-nOO~S.R~~tt~~Bmg. f~M~t~~t. c8~~mtW~~~~'I'w ' ~-nOOWJ~H~mt$*HjJ~~l.wf~wra'~~8"J.N '* ,. tf~ 1£:T ft§! ~. ~M¥RJ,. '. *@]@)1~~7kMJl!l-H ~A1~OO:. '. 0. ~PJ'I'88"JE!n~~~~D~.r&~J16JB#**iS*. BABA~:v:H~5t-=fiL\'I'w. 1~ 8"J {,' fJl[ ~ ~~. '. ' ~.&~. Bn~Xt~~!IlEeiJ~tnf~Hm~$T(8"J~1t,l@J~x~$:~~. 1£ll:tlll'~. 0. (2) WlJ -i'- -=f 't,Us- 1£ rf.t IDJ 1m a"J ~ ~ W8J W rM A 'L<OO ~ ilJJ ra' tlL tIl: a"J § fX W8 ~ : G~~~~R~t~1~t±:l~~7.!~8"J'I~*t311*1&. ' Bn1lJ1!~r~J1lJt~fl*~tnJ~ri1J-T-=f'l'w. *aJ *oo~tE!nH~liB{~8"J~m{* : r k~.m~. jlJ :t,tt~£ 00 '. 5t.m~* ili -;}. ,. ~ ~;f..*-1f. -M • • ~~~,~.~5t.m~~T,-!q-.~.~~.~~'~~~'~~~:ii~. (1) ~;. 1NJi~WiL'. t*. 'f 1lt it ;ff 1f 4-t >JIJ 6!; ~. oo"f~~ • • :f:M,~.~~ • • • ,~a~~~a~~~~~~k'~~kili*. (G03201)J. 0. tt.. ~§c-®:. A~~t:¥IJ. !.t1J},-Ji. 1£~.~~~~ffij1!~~5t*)(llIiL\'tw.IUD~tnlijjJ8"JH*1Jrr. ~miL\W;LM8"J r~'I'wJ 811~~~. ,. ®~-fmmW~~~8"J~mt!W:if1f. ~~fm r~1fuA~;f~J 8"J~m1*1'w*iS1'F~8"J*iS*. '. : r 1--1\ ~ 1It11-~~~ ~,tt6g ,. '. ~ 1t.. ~rn~'~~kili*-.Jl:ii~~~,Its1~:ii4~.-!q-.~§1GkM~1f~M~A:ii4. 6g j:t.~f't. ~o"fka~:f:~~'~k~~ool~k:ii4~~'~k1lt~~~.~~'~*ili. 1IIDa~~~. W8"JJ1IiW.

(11) ~#~~€0. '. [!S]. JI pJf YA ~ ~:it. *. 0. 1!?,t ,. §J e.MJ/t*~,t;tJf{l. '. #1t~1r,f}t*~.t1f~~3&(A06504). 0. J~fi~JH~. ~fuffjjRm~n~m~~~,~~~~-~~~~mtt.~,ffjj~~EI~.~~. ~*'K¥.~~E~NW~ft°~~~~.~m''I~mE~,@.~m~m~ P]F~pJT. § ,. ~~~*i:t~ ~m1if~ 13k] l~m1*'I'f1f*EiJ Wrflit~ @A ~* 13k] IEI ~ $ {,"I~*6J 13k] *~~. , il tw*~.$IJ. f0?£¥ ' ffjj'lF :1R 1/ '~j( '~i M;. ~J -=t- -¥'1'f1f *6 13k] W~ ~. '~4r 'ti~M;. I§ m. , I~}[fJ *~.~lI:t[)l'~$jtsk]m:~~13 *uHlt~:f~tt~m1*:tj[:tK $tw t±:l:f~sk]~ }[fW Irm~t:f~.~*i:t~iJ~ J & I~M~tn~~~xm EI cJ mfi~}[f ttl\. tv: )Y:§1j~ $ , 7t-¥ $ 13k] IfN7t-¥~ J tx:?£¥~ l~J~ 11j£&1I~fE$iJiJ¥JJX1m3 J sk]~ }[fW~H~ , ffjj l±:iJJ11E 7t-¥~ J ~rJ?£¥~*~~ IW~~W{}:f-,)Y:,aIJF>'!'J sk]:tj[:tK IfN7t-¥~ J lEJ~t~m1*1lJffWM 'iZ ' ?£¥~£±~t~m1*~~1~i'lsk]iJ~ , 'I~.~M ' 3&{[email protected]] EI ~WR)y:~~W1m 3 ; ffjjl±:iJJ11E7t-¥~J '~i:!!tt~m1*$ffWI£\~jm~tn~jfJsk]iJ~' -Ei~~JI~. l:a~ ~iJ ~ U! EI. m~$m~n~jf~'~M~~m~$mW~~~.SkJ1m3,m~tt~~~'-~. ~sk]1m3 '. ~tt~}[f~$,-~tt~~wm.OOm~~hl'R~~~~H~SkJ~J~~nJo. Ht fi th §J JltJ ~f:11-fl~~ ~1£) f~)l8Ji J ~sk]iJ~. , 'I. lEft :9:1'1< \\~.2i!tJ~\. 0. ~. ,. *. ~fi&lI. ~J~x.~$d~. 0. ~iJJ!~ (~84) SkJuHlt*6*i:!!5~gJijJ'I~m1*~jk¥~D*uHltPJT11Et±:lI~m1*:tj[tt1:J sk]7t -¥ifH~B~. 0. 0. 0. 3. ~m. 'Elfi)?L~¥-;}~~ffSJ~~)?L. tt~~~$)Y:§1j~~~~~~~EI~mm~o. (1) ~0\HIk]3JJ EI ±m-r~*~M1*Bk] EI ~~'3't. : ~~H&sk]{}'I'f1f~D ~~ J j;j[-~ , , -TI[Bf1fAA~~* : I~;; ~-100A ' f. J EI~~'3't : 13k] I~J -=t- -¥tf1f , ~ 1~;f..*1f. 1RJiU)lW{,"I~sk]~1*. , f!{, t.~ 1~:it ~. 1f#~€0~~'~~*i~.'~.~~~k~~~~~~~M'~~~~.±~. t JlJJ 1~k. th. fW ~ ~ ~it;t(F03601) J ttll:t[)l'~t~$ ,. *. '. IEJm*~{~~7(-t~. ~*~##'.A~.~1f~~~~~,*~#~*#~-ft.T*€0~f:'~~. 0. @.sk]'I'f1f*tl1£)ffN~11sk]@Jti*gl~~J11J. '. mEic. TI[~tt~.SkJmm'l$'i:!!~~t±:l~.SkJM~~:I*k#~.~~-M. , A~~ft$IJ. -t ~ , -. Ji.~it~il(;. ~69. ~1t Jf. it~, ;f,t.-Ji.i~,(;@]-1;;~,'tMMfl~ft~f:' Y;~fl~ft~h$Jt'~iJ;t.~;7,.' ;f,t~~~. I" ,tit 69 A:it{l. 69 J;t.~~. ' .~,J;t..ff~ , 1.tk1tM:trs~~~1R-t9:A(F00801) J~9;D ' lI:tfi~~~~t±:l. ~~~1~k.th. @.~~~*H~SkJ~.'i:!!~~t±:l@.~tt~IH~J~*[email protected]:!!ft~~m. \15C~. '. , lI:Ui. 69 -1;;3& - k 6g 1- ,11 A~3&:it -;f:Y ,. ;f,t#1t~it4'-. k th r,,~ T ". 0. .SkJ~~W~~~,[email protected]. **1.. ~ t~ ~m 1'*7}.f £40£2:. ~ J'E. 81.

(12) 1. (2) 11 tf ifH&H~~ - § ilG Er9t!f! ~ t-r j}J : 1£5t ~ 1& ' flmIIi:!1 ~ r~~ 1; EnIil ~t Ii ~ ~ f~H~ 89 11;tfJr~ ~. ~1+ J1:.itft ag H $;. ,. :tJi M!. fJ~ it e.1I[; , :¥,t k. : I fJ~ at;f,t -t 11[; 1l1~ ~ -* ~ , fR *-:f k tit ft.t 69 n- it- ' JiJf m7114~Af. m-tf.''->I'l':. '. fJ~ it ,g #. mG,W-R. ,W-R. 69 ~ 1~ ,. ~~!M~-fi§#JlA9t!f!Wi~$ 1~. ,. :¥,t~ ft:f ~~M!.1I[;1l#1~ e.#£~-t 0. :¥,t -t. 1~1R ~ 69 fJ~ it e.1I[:. 0. ,#. JB~ l! ~ tB. ' ~~~J~'I'~fffi~ :f ~ ~ M!.1I[: 1lft ...... '7.i ...... ~i;ff M!. ~ 1~. mG#. ~~*"~ EEl I~'. r 1!*. f~-'f~tiM1~§C~I~H$89. : I ~ :f ~ ~ M!. ~ jlJ ~ ~.q~ 69 - dO itft -r-. :¥,t -t ..... '1R~fi ir& "i'"J ' #. ,fk ,W-R. 69 ~fi ir& (FO3403). 1').. 4. ~~Im '. 1~ ~i;ff -"- ~ 69 :f 'ft ~ ,ti: itft. -r-(B08202) J. (l)tt~ ;za~. ~891J;I:-§fi89t!f!Wi ~ t!f! WI §. (3). '. ~fiI1~~1;tfJr~!§~H~~-fi§#{}f'F~89*5*. ftiErui ~ tB flmll:il::!iiI WtL tB § c 891J;I: ,. 1ifi$rj~$rJ §. C. - § ilGEi9flM :. ~§. fi !tiJffJE ~. '. ~1;tf. 0. 1£~fi1;tf~f711~~j;J~lH-r~1&89. m§c~~~~~~~.~~~'~B.§c~~~~-ffim*WX.$.~~' ::tff~.~§a89li'jfTIfi~5c' Ifl~J1~-'f~-fi1JIi:' mj;J~flme~~I~~J1±: I~. {tt~~iMl1~. ,. ~l!kPfI')..tT't#,#d~. ,. '* . .. Ml·'->1~. ~. ,. ~ ~i ;ff jhf it-. ' :¥,t k. fJ~ it # 1~ :f %. ~1!1~69~i>Litft(F03402)"""J. '. 1~1I[:*~-~~$;M!.,~*~~~-t1l[;*~r~k~$;mG.~~~'~$;~$; M!.#~'M!.Pf~~~#o~*~-t1l[;*$;~Jt:f~mG~mG#:¥,t#r'$;~Jt~ 1!~ ~. -l!-tft ' :i!:ir&>JIJA.*1t m G#(C2790l). 0. J~1~-'f~atB. '. ~$rjti3&~~F. ~~m.,~~ti3&~~Bm§c'MllOO~.~~~~~~mm.~.'.~l! ~ 89ff~;I:~1~~1£*~~Yrs $ E8!ltm~m. '. 0. flmll~~~fj$~89lE~ I§ a89~~~¥#J#BJ. 0. fffi!lt I§ fiJ 89m. ~.m'~J~~~E8§a*~JE~'~AM~~~~~.gm~~m$i:!1~. fi*¥j , ~D~E~~1£~ji-A~D1ilJ~1~~t!11£~'r~~M1*$89j1j~JE1:v: ' ~nf~5t~J ' i:!1~~mtB§c~~~~.gm~~.~o*m~~~~.1£-'fI§c~~~~~. 1*.g1~~J 89 § fi~* ~o. , :. $rjJ1f.~$~. nJt. ? !lttt~: 1~$~~8" tB'i~§c~:. Mrm~., j. § fit!f!Wi. ~N$'~~Wm~~.~~$~~§c,~~~m~~tB§a.~.o~MIIB. 11[: 1l ~ ~i ;ff fJ~ Jt 1t:k. ' ~ ~i ;ff fJ~ Jt JE- 1.'-& 69 -!-. Itt~. J1]~B~. 0. ~B~FM~'H~~~~~~M.~~~~m~,mw~~~~~-~§fi~. ,. ' mff~l!m~~~JJ!tBpff~\!j$~AmtJi I~M1*J ~pqy~~~. ~~~~1£] ~~. , Jlt~~~~. $J' ~*~ 1i:~~~yrsJ jjJ~ , m~~. ~n~flmerm:. rt '. fffil!~). ~fffi~3. flme~f~~1. ,. I. m. :¥,t k;ff r. .. ~. 1. fi~mft(. , -!-1tt '. ~*I'l':.. 0. ;M:1. fi~M1*~~~. MijAtitW ' i B1£~tB5t=t.

(13) goo~1Jl~. , fJf~).;ft-t. 7 @Z'I'3;. i'lT1 ;rJ4 J ,"", I"lIlIJX. ... i!;ff M!.~. ,tt ~ ,ti: :Ittt -i&gft~. * ' ?'&1;iu 81 g ft r!f 1W o 'M'flIDg~ r*rJ,@a~ ~~J11. :. ,. r~. ;fl#1t~% ~02)"""J ,. ,. '. n:1i1l:~<'"'. ~ k-"J 'f"l.~. ~ 1tJf1t. trjfj~3lft~F ffnl,tI~~. r g ftJ 81.m *~'+J-h 13 ,c..,{;z3il..!!.AE. 1~~-'f7. '. ~~wtM~mm 81pg¥~W:l. ifejR-~~lIT~)5¥1HjH£. 'M'~~:ffl£mfi5 r:p~trj g. j}-tT3!~. JB~~~t±:l. '. 4.1Jm~1m. (1) i±:l1JI'I"J"~-. ftt& '. ~~PJwt~A~lmfJT~rI58119'~¥9:. 0. g tltl'I"J.1JtMte : )tatJ:ffl£fMtrj g c~~DfPIJtt±:ljj~¥9:~JI. ~~'~:lh~.~~~~-Mm.m~~~.,~g.~tttt#6~~$~#~. ~?,&~~'M~~Mg*~t!1mm~~gMM,m~MgOO~~*~~~m,mm ~~~$~~~m~mg~.*~~gr:pt±:lJt'.~Mgt!1~.7~~gft~h. 1JfE? Ll:U1~h ~"f~1J;) ~-§~ r~rl5 ~~O/]81.~ JW r)J~mm1~81.f~ J~ flIDitj 00. r1:$~~81.f~J -noo. '. F~~*~7mgJIIfi~ffjjJ1 fJ;)~~R g c81~rJ~~1JF~mm. 1Bi~ g c3lft~Ffl~~t~~$r:p81~?'&~~. MIm~JI. '. ' 1£. f~H~""" JIIfi*m:flt-~. :. ,. l£1:$~ftj:~1:~~. r~a~t!1~#~*E; g. ,. ' jt. F~t!1~fffllH~. C -Jtl;fJT81WIJ~n~ , ffjj. ~~~~l£~m~~~m~MM'M'r:p,gct!1mm~.mSJl~~'~H~~m~ ~,.m~~gc-M.*.,~gc~~-~,.m~'&~B~~~~~~~. Y157 ' ~~mt!1~~~~m ' ~mt!1~*~~7.¥:(F01401)"""J 1-t~~~rl5~~.m{}81.~. , tN*~~*~ ,. 0. tt:lh81.f~1J;)~. ~g,81.~~*f~~~1JOt±1IJ. ' ¥JfiYI5. ~~,m~~~l£~*~'M.t!1~ffnlH~MIm~~~~~,m~~~m~ffjj~,. ~~ 'M' flID. a 1m ~fj mm Je., g tit !J!:if 81 g *~ {PI a~ , flID g ~ wt ~ f~ *. *. 1m ~fj w fJT 81 1: $-n. A,ffjj~~.*MIm~Jlo r&ffjj~~1:$~~~.~'~~~~~~~-#~MPJ~~,~~t!1~~~. mg~.*w~~~ • • ~~~~~~~.~ol£~~A~~~r:p~.m-gg ft~m~,~~3lft~~ • • ~,ffjj~-gm~,m~~~~m.~*~:r.~k. .;ftk;ffT*8~~~,;ff*8~ilio,;ff*~*~'*~M~'~~.~~~ .,~~,~;ft-t**~~~~~~~~.r~*JT,;ft#.rn~~-;fl~~*~. ili ~~. 0. ;ft#1t~. ro G ~;j:*!J *i~,tf. *,~.,tt 1:. ti1(F03406) J::fiflIDg~wt:l~tlJm 0. g~~~~.~~gc~.~~~~~~R-§ffl~A~~MttWJ'~:I~~Jtt±:l ~A ttW. '. .~ ~-@~JI~ttWpJ tJ~.*5UllfItj. ,. ~rJ~~M~ g c81JJX~. 0. ~D[P]. Bl£Jtt±:l~-'f~'~~~M~~~~.,ffjj~mliJJX~:~~~~-M~#~,tf.-. };: *' 1.:t t! rm 1'*. 7} ~ JJHlz -P)f ~. 83.

(14) 1. •• ~~~~M~~-~'~* •• *'~.~~~~. 1JJ ' 1Rr~a7. -~k~-~a9*{it. ' ~1rH,t~ltA~.$~1r'~.E..k,PJf#~JJta9-*#~,~ , ····.. ;f,tk~ t~ 11 ~ ~i if -k~ ~ ~:Ml Jt. .. )J~ ;fi && 1f: ' ;f,t k -t>t ' ~ itA .§..;tEl ~ .$ ~t Jl:i:.. ~;f,tl!*';f,t. if 87 ~ f -k~ :Ml Jt. ' 87 #~,~ , ······-110 *-tt~1ooA~ kk~-~a9;tfr. P*~~1~JE:rIJ. ~-~k,~-a*~~~. • 'tt r. (2). ' *k.. );t.fi)~ ~'(B 19101). 0. ' k~k*k.iiifi~.*.f,{$jj'J ~1~a9. m~8kJ1*ri ~~$~. J. IJIf*a9fJJi-~lJIf*W § ft!il8~a9jUJTfi:f:IL. : &'1lID)\I'n~A/fMI2!I~~~. ,. ~fJ!§. 121ft!! @: * /f 7\. tt~M~mm$'OO.~fi •• ~~.~§a-OO~fi:ffi'~~~~~~~ffi~. ~;;. oo.~m~~o~fi:ffi~~~~~~~~MOO,m-~~~tt~~~m~fi:ffi,m. 1.~M:1.~"fJ~~. =~.~~~tt~~~m~fi:ffi,~®~~~§a~m~fi:ffio. r!f.. !l:t*~~$~~tl:HN~'lw~m1*ekJ~JTtm!~. -?JL. '. ~. Lh"F:"".~ I"":': l~~..IJ§J .. ){IJ.... k. "'I -1)('.{±.. OO.~~~~~$.~re~~H~fi:.~m~-oo~tt~~~,®~~U~. , Brehm (1987)g,i7Jm~t~m1if.~fit~11~flij%t~. fi•• ~~ft*~.,*m~M*~~~~~~~ffla~~~,~~C~&~~~ ~tJm~~'I'ff$-W~~~~tJ~*IJ8kJ ' ~®~~@-$~ti~~fJUft~FftD!l:t : rJl!H~j~ ~~~.1f:*~~~~~.~* •• *,;f,t.~*r~~~~.*~.a9**~~~. '.. 100 r~o~ -J;:;- -'l~. /fj. ,.. 10. , .. ;fi§J ' .... lk . I';;'". ~ "IT'. 0. },~1~;. ...... !/~ ~.. 1. k 1t Jttl -T a9. (A0790 1) Ji"1 0. ~~§~)L\ekJ. ~*~~-MA~~o~k~*.*~.~~~,~.~*~~a~ft°ffl~~M. ~*~~A~.~.*'~M*~~~kRif~~M.~~~~'*f.*~k.. if~~a9'ffl~~.*~~Ak*~M£~'~.*M£'~.~a9M£~~.* ~(C02703). 0. JOO.t!!~fi •• t*~i¥:~tit¥~ekJ$. : r~ ~,~ 110 *JJt~ ~ 89 ~ itA. ~-~'~~~.~W,~~~~,~r.ka9~~~k~A*~~~~~'~~. •• ~-.'~.1f:*~Rk4*~'~~R. liJf~%t#~f. k-* •• ~~*,~~rk*r~~~~,~.;f,tk-M*r~~~~ (F0420l) J 'i'OO.fifl.~t~JTekJ$~fipJT'lIH~ , H~@JK8kJ~'I'ff~m1if.£1=JJTekJ~! M ' ~~tfg~1i]~$Ij~lJ.iekJiit:W. £~fJj~:rIJ~J. ~.~~w'~~~Ar~~~a9~. 0. 0. ~~$~$. tL '. , {~al. {tlilft£~m1. ~-OO~~m~MOO~H~r§fu~m~fi:ffi,@.~~~~~tt~H~~U. ~f.*~r5ifi¥m~. ~~fi:ffi~'OO~~~§ti~~mD,g~mOOA~~§ti~~ffi~/f~,mOOa. tI€mr'i E3 ti ' :rut. ~~7-00~ffi.'ID~~.~.~~U~T*'®/fM~ZM~m.-HoF~. ~m1*m~JT~if¥. '. : r~t-~. r~t¥:nAJ ~ft. .~4~~~*.a9'~.a9t**~~k~~a9'~~a9~k-M*r~a9.§... gfUg~~$$3. ~JIH~~~fJH3C~~~1t~, -W1rJ~~~fi7~~Zf&' {.'t!!HN~*~.

(15) t 't ~ 1J". fJ~. ,j, a ~ ..... ~Yl..JC"'f-'<.. ~'*"'~~~~~#M~~~'#M~~.,~&.~Jt-"'~;;t~~~,~~~ ~,;f,tJ! -lit. '. ;f,t ~ t-fJ~ Jt 1ft If&(F0440 1) Ji§ f~ -'¥U¥ JJ!ZM@B=f ~D8Mi±l ~~1B ~m f* skJ ~ 0. 1- -ft tt. ~~~.~~@A~a.*~W~'fEl.rri§mOO,~-'¥zM.~tt~~mtt~-~. ~jlJ Jt-~a9. m~~~.,zM~ ••• ~&®.@B~.*~tt.~§~~2~~°ft~~~. :f!J 11'-. ~~,~~~a~m~tt'~~AttM~,~rr~®*Nftm~~~~~~2'*. IJl!!!J~1B~. ~M~*=f~~.~~2:r~~~~~~.-#.~,~;;t~~~t-*~A~. :J skJifH~!lt. ~,~~Jt.~?~~*~~.*~;;t~;;t-M~Jt~~A?~;;t~~~*~~.. ~~fllJ~~. i!...... ~ ~ t14 ~ fJ G ~ 7fJ l. JilT VA ...... 't ~~ ~:i11t .'tta9 Bt{l~ , ~;f,t~ ~ ... ···A ~11'-tJf ~ ~a9 ...... ~4;!7i!;;t,'tJt*t a9 100 [j~.B }.'~ ft fJ~ 100 [j ~.B ...... "f iJ~ ;;t ~ §J G1)£ ~ ~t ~ • jf& a9 -100 ~ J1 f.'~ ft ;f,t it ~ 1~ ~ - ~6 ...... J.l!b ~ ~t ...... ~k JiJ] 1t x... ·t~ {: 1~ ~ ~ ! ;f,t;;t...... -k~ ~ 4;17 i! ~t ...... fJ~ 100 ~ ~ a9. ~&!§$iJ~. ;;t~Jt~~~-M[j~.B~~l.'~~~-~~.'~-~~#'-t!!.~-U~~. :h="""" J-'--. ~,. JE 111. '. !r±S !5!7. m~ -aT tJ-1ft. r3RMd~. ,:. I. .f!Uf .B ~-t!!.. o. JilT VA ~ rJl. '·tt~;;tit. t~t~it*. tf. ~ a9 "f VA ~c. 1.'-. .J.. ~'J '. ' flp 1~ -tI-. ~. 0. ~3:-/'. '~a9~lie.. I~JJTskJtt. ~6 ~ 1..6 "iJjS ~ , ...... ;ffl ~ ~. tb ~IJ A. ~ $ ~ ~ 4;17. 0. 0. 0. (A07901) Ji§fl§&ffl ~ askJ;f'~1*~f!t±:\@B-aT tJ r~ ~ 2HJskJU*ili ' ~~ ~ pq;[}skJ ' rm:1F~1±{*ji~'tN~mf*skJ~u**rg'f~~5E ~ c 0. @BSkJ~:I:. 0. (=) *~~~.5t~ftI~®ttitt ~~~*~~w~~m,*m~~mm**~~.*~~w~-~~tt:. 1 . 71 ~ e'SJ III t~ ~ ~ J!! ~3H:E. ~ @I AJ3 ~~ ~ e'SJ~!Q J!n3; *~~~M~*~~w~~~gm~~=M~'~~~W-aT~m,~~m~~. , t!1~{IWBOO~~a~~skJ~1~)fH~ rrlj~ ~~$'@B~~a~~~~~ •• ~'~5E,~~mfi,~~*~a~~~w. i£~1;j~$iJ~IE*~skJ~m1*~1~)fH~. 0. ~'~~~H~$m~~~aT~.M,~*~a~~~,~rmW~~~H~$~. •• ~,~~~.~ft~.rm~~~a,~~. lkJ~m1*T tJ. ~*~~~.$~M.~~~.~~. PJ'fEI.@B ~-ffl)t Ftt :: rJt-.,.~. m~~a,~~*&®~~mm'~§&ffl~a$m~~~~a'@B-aT~~~tt~. 0. R"'~a9X. ' t!1-aT t)~ ~ aT tJ~*JTf[! :fi~m1*skJ~1~~{IWB~D1irJrrRJhr:pf:X:~ r~ffjJrtJ ~IDtlXj:~ , t.J~ ~ aSkJ~~~Jt~rrr~' ra~~tE ' a~1t~J SkJ~l~ , i§~{1W ~err~$$~m,t!1 •• ~~$~W~~~~$o ~m1*m*JT8ifl!. 0. *. ~ :i ;t 'r~ 1m i*?t.f ffHI. z -PJf ~. 85.

(16) 1. ~, irj~~(. tE~~1*$~*Jl!lW. ~M~:gffl}. ~~$~ E~ Bif Fa' IE i. ~~$~-. ftE ~~ 1* $ i :'t fij 1. iElt±~* ~ ¥Ij{~ jl'IHD fH~ 2. fflftMHBlltt ' t)Jt1J~ ${} 1*rlJi*5t 3. f!Hij~IJIE~9f. tJft A. ~~1*fiJ~. f[~LA. [lg tE *~ lW. IUt, 11Xis:. Azpff tJmm{;. § ftE~:fZP'¥f~ , ~J5i&*m ' WfJ5i~IE. is:1iH7.U"w~.lt %w(). 1, fflt~i~. 2,. 3. §ft8~:f~i~Wm~. $~ , ~'['ff$8'. § ft~¥IJfij*fltU~1~~. 11~H4 ~ 1jj , ~. 4.. 4. ~~1HbIE~T~ ftE~i rlJg~1}f 1.tEWl~*jHif~~1*~xJ'W. ~M~=. ¥IJijlE51f. ~~1~U.il:tll:. Imm{*,J ' 1. ft&!t.il:tll:~j3~ , tJ&~JI'xJPX h!ZliF ~ Jfj ~j-t+ \ dJ~\. JII~rraFa'~1t. 2, tEfn~1U~W~~W § ft 2. W~~ '~JTftij*5' tJ:fI~1~~ft1J;! ~ 1~ $ t.il: tll: ~~~=:. ftElEA 51f ¥IJ@. §ftttrf. e@]fh1§ftBif~. ~~$~l1Y. ~m. i. ~ffi!~f1f8~IL\~{f:1II~W~~ij*f~1II. 1. ~*@]t~WmllJJl~Fa'8~ 1. §fts~~i ~iJltt{~. J! ¥lHij ~~ 1. ~ l1i. 2. 1;) tf Ii ~ '['j!Hfl. {~~nWl. 3.. ftE ~D i rlJ tJ ftt 1} f*14 $It tt ¥IJ fItE. 1. :'t$*~WA~~~1*8~"~. II". 2. f~WJErftW§t 3. ~1~§ftffiilH~&iJJ. j¥IJ1j¥IJ § C. ' JiffiiifiErft. ~:f7t~. 1.. -~J. 1BTIE~FB. tL!1P15-7t-:p , 1HiiW8"3 7t =j $iJ ~ [Zg flJ'E'i f~ 8 flJ'E'i f~ 8"3 y.l ¥~. 1. =. 2. 13~)?i!)!j1 ftltt[Zg~. Erft~ltJt!N~. ~-f~PJtJ[E. 2. ~~1*tij*5W § ft $ {,'[tU5 2, ftlJ~~~1*W §ft~~s~I*HJi:1.il: 8~zpjjj. WJI:@!* ' ii*J 8"Jr~~$ , ~ ~H?JI~/f. £§:fj~f~8"3f1~fu~MI±HlIDftft l~m{*,1'ff*5J WrEI ~ $)L."I'ff*5J $8"3*~:m I~WJtl{~~tlt1J J 8"3{/['ff~&~t±:! $~A~~* I$$;W~~J 8"3J1E$Z~ l~tlt1J1~J 8"3{.\'tw1N~~m1:t±:! l~tlt1JJrt.J 8"J{.\~. 0. '~ 1B£§:fJ. , £§:fj~~tlt1JfJi.{f8"J)C/t~. &®~R~7~~8"J~~o~~8"J~'~;W.~W1JJfuPJ~~@ft;W~~mt±:!E!. C W1f~ 17 J1EJ!I!H ~m {*, Fp, ~ 8"3 - fj E! ~ $ {}'['ff*5 8"3 17~ , '2 ~ {t{t ~ Mt±:! {lID ft tlt mm {if 8"3ft~fj[1I ' [p]a~ih£Olt±:! 1~~W1f~178"3AJ 8"3@A17 ~. *5* ? J £§:fj $ll~li5E~ . B~ , &ffiHHi !1P=fi@~. tJ*fff[%~. , 1;. ~:AE@!ZME. 0. ~~~8"J~m*~PJ~,~*~~IH~~~8"J.~.~.R.8"Jt±:!~~,~. tlD I~ it J!I!. J tlP ~?6~ mm {*, 8"J *55fU1; j@ rEI 1j:~{lID ft 1m r:t ft mm {~ $111~ [p] W¥~I'[® ~ 1:rR. Ri~A~*81, {9rjtlDH~.

(17) ~. ~. , ifJ!!~ (~84) e"]:*±iJf~V)\f*Jf)u[t-flm~e"JM~ , ffflH~mm{*$e"JOO~~~7tpx. ~.'PX*'~.'. •• N(px*~~)'~m~~~N*~~~,~~tt.rt,~. A~MUH~*~~'~~~$rrH~$~.-m~~~.~~~~~~M~o. ~m. ' Wf~8JE. *m~~~tt~~~m*,~~m~~~rr$H~$~ft~~~~.~~~~~M ~,~m$~~~~~~~H~.~~fI_#~~~M~,~~~~ft~~~~n 11~Ht~~. ,. t<D~ftf~&tm~fEF&JE~. ,. t!D1~arr7tcf~~*!lUM~$. , ~~e"J~{I~. :f~]1~*it1J1. Imm1*J ' ~~ I~ ftJ e"J-§~15t mTIft ~F ~ 1ll ~ IDJ %3.1§' *~lL~ tUB 1~ ~~H~ , t<D C ~ fliJ TIft * *~ ~ ~ - w~~ ~~ e"J 11J ~ WW tLt!D157tcf ' ~~r:iJijgTIft~FpfTffe"J7tcf*~~~~**~~tIJ~-W'&~~e"J1IJ~ , ~¥~1jt ff fflV e"J 7tcf fffl Thlti Em 111 *~~ tlJ ~ W'& ~~ e"Jt'tL it£H ~ e"J tE8~ $ iiI *~~ ~~. ,W~~~*f~l!i. ~~~~~~~m'H~TIft*~~rr~-~~oo~~fttt~~.H'fffl~w~rr~. 0. ~lHH~'ilnx. =. 0. -~~~~.~~W.~~~'ffflm~.miiI15~~fffl~o. , jj1 jffi t~ Wl El fZ. 2. E3~)?L)~frSJ~)i~m:~Jrnm~m:frSJ~W rrtt~~~$~~~~@a~~~~-$~~.~J~~~~ff~~~~,m. ~-~~r:iJ t)@]fi!ffl ~ fte"Jf~*. 7. ~§. - ;IE!. 0. 1~ar:iJ t)H~i**1Eil111y,J~mm1*$w* ~ fte"J{}J *fl. ~@]*,m~~~~~~~~?~~~~~.~A?&fffl~-~px~~.orr~M. IJfTJE ill. JB"J*ll1! '. '. ~. is- ;IE! ~gfifi 1"l!. i . 1fB"J {,"I'~ ~~£U~t±:l ~. ~@attmm1*. e"J *~L~ $ , ~IDJ%3f1iN t±:lJJFi1mm1* $ t:J<: ~ ~J e"JiT~ , 1!11Jt<D * Fr19 : I~~ ~ ft U}JH' ~H? J I~~~ff~ - %3? J IftH~.t!Fr191t12tIJ@~~~@]~ , m~~Fr19~~ljtff~Mli.B"J ~*?Jm~~*~ff~tttt.~~~m,~~~,~~~~~w, • • @a~~ ~~~JE~'~~~~·~~wm.~~~~'~~IDJ%3ff • • Em~~~~.D ~'&ffflff.*r:iJU@]fi!ffl~ft,~~~~~~w~~o t!p~@~ijgrr~~$~tiJ ~ ft. '. ~mr:iJ U!Et±:l~~. , TIft£!. r:iJ t)~t)i1B"J*~~-=Y. u~m~,u-@~~mH*~ffl~~WH~omtt~~~~~~~$'iiIr:iJ~~ N!E@]~M~ft~*~JE·*&~·~¥~.~~~'fffl~$~~~~w,~~m. "J t±:l ~ ~~ , 171J ~~+lfffl~~iR. ~i*A~~B"J. 0. ~~H~rr~~$*~w~rr~~~~rr~~~M~~,~~m&~ft~~~. **±t~I~~~~ft~~~. ~.

(18) 1. ~~'.~ili~~*~~m=~~'ffifim~,@Il1fi~**~~m&m~:ff~. W~~'~.$~Am[9~~'~~.~E!tlGtt~PJ~~~A~mM~m~~fml°. 3. ±i1J~;j=3=~Wfii1J;j=3=~M~j§j~I3~Er5J:@llifb~~ ;;$:liH~~fJF1:J1Jm!5t~:%l J Wrf~1JJ7t~:%l J ~1f~J!tW&B!I.:ffPJTit~. 0. r1:. J1Jm!5t~:%lJ1f5t~~m$~~.:ff.~~w~~,m~A~m~~~5t~~~M~. ~ E! C 8"J~~. , mG~ [MJIJ ~ ~i1~ Wr f~ r/f )lft~ f~ ~tti 71J8"J '1'~*i5 *21 ¥# {t ' HUi5. *. ~ JJ! E!. 2m;;$:.$~fi71~.o~~~WA'G.~~tt~IDM1:1JJ5t~~.:tJ~~~~ :%l:ff~~. , Felmlee. (1994)a:~$IJ&'~tt1£~~{*$.:fftx:*~@c'JW:tJa~. , ~rJWrI!l/f. N-HliWrM~,&m~~~.*.:tJ'~8.ililiWr~Mfi@lIl~~.om~tt. 1f~~~~WT'~8.~W~~~~~o. m rf~;fJ5t~ J 8"J-71t:t111£5t~~f~$¥JJ! E! tlGe"Jf~~JE '. 1!~. ,. ~~1E:II.. .E!tlGU*~~~~~.,~®~~m8~,@II1&m:ff.Wrm~~mE!2'~~. E!tIG~~.j]jm°I.~m:%l.:ff/f~'illffi~~,m:%l~1f~~$~HE!tIG~JE. ill. ' r1: IJJ m!5t ~:%l J -. ~ ~i11E: II ffff E!. 2 e"J JE{v:155(1£ rtlt:ttx:%l J8"J P3 ~ , ill ~ P3 ~ fM~. /f~ttttWr.~me~~ffi:%lJ'~~~.~E!2M.~~fi71~mWm*.~~ r~~:%lJ 'mrf~1JJ5t~:%lJ1f~f~$~~/f~~1fw*E!28"JJE{ll.' ~.m:%l~:ff ;;$:.I.~~~~.o;;$:m~m~~.5t~:%l'/fW~P3~~~,@II1~~~.mfi. 718"JiRJE ' *JT~~. ~1J:fff~Wr155(Ttti~~{*8"J~A~. , ~~m@]M E! tIG '. ~$rJfi;~i*W E! tlGe"Jm. a. (~) ~rnu. ~~i*' ~~~. tti E! tIG~$lJt' tMH~f mfi'I'~*r f;~:ff E! tIG 8"J g 8"J ' IIt fi /f s: 5t~ )lH~ ttl ~ m=IF'J$) lUlL tJ!: 8"J ~I a. -fiRP~@Im. {*8"JW~~fIi. m ~ ~W$) ~ I. 8"J mt itt i~ tJ!: ' -71 j]j {~ ~0lM*~. , :J=. fiPPJ J;) r~$IJ~ ~ fml ' @I1ffH~ m[9!Jl'&B {@1111£~~~$!. E! tIG II:tJ t~iE! :tJ 8"J i/illH~ , t T' ~TE!f ;;$: litHE ~p. & {ii!. AfflHI! j]j~71£~~i~. 5t~~m$~~WE!tIG~~~~ma.~mPJ5t~[9~~,5t~~m$~~~. m:%l~i@lm~. : 1t£~~{*$. 'IW*i5th PJwg~. ~~OO~~@II1~.~~PJ~M*o~~~~~~it~tt'I!IM~/f~m1E:II*m. ;;$:liH~~. .1t '. ~~f@1I1~~,~trJ E! tIG®~8"J.1tJIH~. a. m-IF'&$~~;~1*1iJ~!Jl'&$~.

(19) [ffij!p~~~. Jm~~fiIij. ~m1*. 0. '. tt~~~f~f~}jIJ~8kJ9f-17~Hj:. , ffijllt[Y'~,E~g::r, flMfta"1 EJ #:ltf~~~$IJfEfe;:JE '. ~EJ#:~~.~,tt~{j:llm.EJ#:U~~H~8kJ~mo~M~R~&~lli*.~. ' -~r~I]L&~m1*a"1~m1*1W*5 ' ~--nTIiHfiJ~~OO!~1UJT~rt51j~~ffijr~ f* ~ EJ #: a"1 EJ #: g::r {}'i'ff M ~ ffij 1'E;@fi ~ ~ ill ~ g::r , ~m 1* 6b f~Ji~: T ~f$ll JE r~ ~ ¥A fm~fi.ffiM1W*5. 0. lJT~~. 0. I~. 8kJ'~M~Mm8kJ~.~.oo.8kJEJ#:~~~~M~tt8kJ~~,m~#~~#ffi8kJ. r~*5$jM~. ft~~mmltf~.~~~~8kJ~~M~o. 1*5*~J~EJ. m=~~mH~mhl~~:~oo.~.m~ltfft~~R~8kJ~~'~H~~ffi. 117~mf*x@c. 1i tj'[ttl: a"1. : , JfIJ.~~ ~. fffi:tx 'Ii. i. ,. m-~~mEJ#:tt~~~:~~~~~~~rtft~~OOft~MEJ#:~~~~M ~~8kJftffi.MoH~~~.~~~'OOft1'EEJ#:g::rtt~ffij#1'E.fiH~~8kJm. BJ~. hl'--nOOOO.1'EEJ#:~~~8kJm~WEJ#:~m8kJM.~g::r~~,~mEJ#:HM8kJ. t:lG EJ #: a"1 JE. ~.~n,~--nOOEJ#:.~.~M~,~{j:II1'EEJ#:M.g::r~~EJ#:o~ffijOOft. 1;fi~~j7H~. wmU~~~~EJ2J'~1l~g::rm~EJ28kJ~~~'U.m@mT-~~mm8kJ. 1ftD+~f~~a"1. ~fJi. ~.fi.ffi~~~. ' flMft;fi~1t*~.Ilt[Y'~,E~JfiJmff~1&.~A T -oomm[Y'~,E~. 0. m~~~mmm~~:~~~~~~oo.~.mU~ft~~#g::r~lli~m1'E°. fff~i!~m~1 ~W. 1* ~ JdlX 1ftJ~ IilJa"1 fIf at ~~,E~ , Ilt [Y'~ ,E~ ~ fi.ffi fi EJ #:1'E ~m 1* g::r 3Qf ~. ~8kJW~~WEJ#:~.g::rmhloffij1'E~~~g::r'EJ#:.~gaft~W~Mo. tt~{j:llm. '. ~m. -M~mOOft*~~~~8kJ~.Mffl'Wm.HMOO8kJmhl'~-M~OO.1'E~H. 0. ~EJ 2. 0. OOft1'E~.~~~ft@~ffij~.EJ2~~,~~.ltf~~~1'E~#8kJB~'~~~. EJ #:a"1m. EJ#:.l7~m'1'E~OO~mu~~oo.~~1'E~m~~~U&A~H~~~fitt.. 17 a"1i/i'~ , t)Jf5 ~ fJTa9 A~~ ~m 1*1t< 1ii1 ' ~ ffijff~1'E ~m1*'I'ff*5 WEJ #: g::r 'L''I'~U5a''1 Zf1jj T ' *~T EJ #:fJTa"1~~WJE{j'[ *fitf§tg?6m ~~ ft ~ JI[ fj[ g::r , ~m 1* WEJ #: 8kJ~11::JI[ fj[& ~ lli * ~ ~ - -nOO r~IJj &@AW•• ~~8kJIH~MMJ,m~--nOO~~1'EH~g::r~~.m~EJ#:'~~ ooa 71'E~m1*'I'ff*5Wr~r~}E EJ #:a"1 IEJ #: g::r'L''i'ff*5J ra'8kJ~~Wm~~ *fiff§t~!7Jmj§ fi.ffi~~100. 8 ' ~;JF*@~1a"1~ ~1jj~ , Ilt r~JYJl.f~~~1-nWGr~~*lt~~m1*J a"1~mf* 'i'ffm5~ mff~~ EJ #: g::r'L,'I'ffm5 EJ #:~1~a"1m5* ' ~~-fim EJ 2Ha"1-nrt 0. 0. :fj[ g::r ~m 1* a"1 : : ft£ ~m 1* g::r Iffij {j:II Mj. 0. *. *~~~m~#~-~.ft~~~.~~~~~~~JI[m,ffijll~~ft~~W. *'" 1- ;It 'tt ~~ 1*:5t -f J.fHU: ~ ~ i. J. 89.

(20) 1. .iJJ7t~~QJ~.oo~~~~~~w~~,m~~ft~7t~.m$~.OO~~H~. 4. II]tfW r::t:J1. W~ga~E~~~ao[!)~*m~n~~7t~@l~~~.W.~.~IWmW~. m7t~~J. T7t~~. t>T 8"J ~i'HHH. 0. 5. thbll}]@l~~ ilf~ QJ fib~: . 1.lI]tfWW~~@l~ft.-@l7t~.m~~,~~~~~~~@l~~~~mMWHtt. 6. *~1:Mz~. ~~:ffl~~~m-·=~~~@l~'~~MzmM@l~~m~~OO~~~'Mz~. 8"J pg ft tm ;:. lr5~ga~~1tM*~RWPi-Jf;\J~~*'ftB"J;z¥-H~Bt. ; lltB~f}j\. m:tJtA.~m. ~QJ t)~[Jf6J1tfW~~~. IlI1]t ~~ Mz t. ~'K~~W&~~~~H~,mfu~mM@l~~mH~~m.~~,~~mtm. 7. MM11W~[!j. '. t)mM~ga8"J~5$. QJ~-ti7~Mlraf!.Wt>T1JrM~1!Stllt~~-¥~~~1jijij~. ,. &'flW~WJE~1i]g. 8"Jf§lH't;t. mM~1j£mri5$:WtlJ. llt 11: iJJ 8"J fl. ga,~~tt~H~$~~ga~ffi'Mz~~H~Wga~m~;~~m~~~. l~l~1!HB. 1!D[J&fWga '. ~!l:t~m1*E~QJ~' ~rJtm~thbMflW~JtWiO~. a5$Btfi~~tJ[ g aB~. ,. ~rlQJmMflW~~Am-=::~rgt~8"J~*. '. ;. ~@l~,mM~JtW~*~m~mJf'MzH.~1:mWm,~mM~~~W~1: ¥~ 8"J IE [Q] 1J§II ~m 1*. 2. $~Aft~~~7t~8"Jl~1mB~ , $X~~£UJ!W11i¥f1~1m~rgapg!§J ' ffij~~~te:! grH~~~!MH5~[J:l~H~8"JA. '. m!1t~~1:8"J~gffl. • *~1!JJ!W~~1:8"J!1t)L\M*~ ,. II]tfW r 7t~~1Cj: J8"Jlit~-1Cj:m:*8"J~~*~~ , ~~ R~~mJL\7t~~lCj:~Ml*. '. ffijJFfl~4'~A8"J~'11~ft1(. 1!JJ!~~m)L\fIWU8"J g aWpgft~~. ~f~:ii~r4t]A8"J~'I'~~~~'I'f1fJ. 1:~~gffl*~. (=). tf*3t. 0. 0. ,. ,. ~. ffijJF-O*M~. HrA~;zM'~JtWgrH~8"J!g±J '. thbll}]@lUJtW7t~l~1m. ~fi[!)*o. .~. m!1t~~. , 1!JJ!~*f~mm"!W;zM'8"J*~t$~~~~grJ8"J4'~)L\;;~3§W-flW. t.ml1itimPi8"J rw.IIIJ '. **QJJ;. 0. 3.ft.~IW$'~7~~~~ftW@l~-~~m~mH~~aW7Wfi~a·~. ~rSl13(200. ?. W!f» , 5W 1%~1f • fl~1. &*~~mH~~W&~~'1!m:~~~~fi@l~*~~:w~ga,mMm~~. ~~ij). ttftH~$~ga~~~~W~W&~,~~ga~.~~·~~·*&.·m. ~.F1 ij'ji(200 1:. ~·wga~a~~~oo,.~~~~-oo~.m~~.~,~m~w • • ~~. mJ5~g'(19~. ~m~~~.H~$m:~:w~ga'MzH~ga.~~~ffio. ~rj!!~(1995. 0. ~.

(21) ~ooWnf.f~m{~. 4.. ~I{f~te,l:). [!]e~1P i±j}J~7t=¥1f J Wif~7t=¥1f J ttlit~fj[r:p pffOOWn § ~8k]~iJl!1!TIft~ ~. , i±j}J m7t=¥1f J ±~8kJ~ftttfl~OO~f~W~i®pff1ffii*8kJ § ~~5E ' ffij if~7t=¥:tt J ±~OO ~8kJ.Jl!1!~~~§~8kJ~~wm~*~~'~fi~~~ • • ~~~.8kJ~~o. s.WM@~[!]em7t=¥~mr:p'~±~~~~~8kJm.'~~~ffl~~8kJ.~fi~' ~~~~-.~m§~8kJ~*'i!&~WM@~~m§~8kJ~~o. Jta!1JJw~mo: ~::f ~. , TI[z8Z¥. B$ ; litB~J)\ J1iiJ {tWr~~~. L'. ;fi~J~fm. 6.. *~±TIft:1F1!L~tJF~m{~JI'~*5J 8k]A~~m1~jI*5. 8"J[l\Jttm* '. '. i±!~a~tjflf-15ti§~r:p{/lw*5J. i!&.~:ttOO~1~~:ttTIft:1F1!i~5$1IIDA[l\Jtt8k] § ~~1$. , ffijm~11ID1lI. mmA~~~8kJ~~~.,mi±!~-~~.@1lItt$mTM~~8kJ~~,ffij~~. ~.mTIftWM~~Att~:ttOO.~~~o. 7. MM11ID~.m§ ~:1F~~. , R1l~f~j}J8k]t£~~m{~8k]~~ , ffij~[!]e~1P~1Jtt7t=¥r:p. ID ~ flf JE ~ii] §. 8kJffili~.~,~~~oo~~~mhl~~,~7t*fu8kJ.~mhlfi~u~m~. Emi'5r:p~¥iJ. ~lij}J8kJffili~.o@1lI-1J;fi~m~~~~lij}J~~,J)\flf.1I±j}J~7t=¥~. t~~[J]~~f~. m.~W8kJm1$,ffij.m~1J7t=¥~5EJ)\~tt~§~8kJ~W~~o. t.... l0 cf; .EliI -'tr; If JI/J~/",~JI ~. , ffij ~?g ~H~. r{}M;iU£ ' t~~. ~. ( ) if**UJf~B"J~~1 **~~~{lm~1J~~m~~8kJ7t=¥~m,~~~~~~mM~.~~M8kJ. ~.~*o. , 'I'~ ~=1f3t_. . ffij:1F-n*~~ J ' i!&Jt~~ :. i~~te-@. £j[~S<:tt(200?). <tl~A~JI'~~M8k]~fj[f)Jm~~~tUm~;Lm~~>. IT fl r~' Jl!1! ' ,1:). *¥» , sM ' W1-30 f*'i~W ' 11~~lIf(2002) :. 0. «~§jfMm~::x:. 0. taM11ID~~m. ~1~J). . f~m*i ' ~IJ ~ flf f~ 11 ftE ~. ~*ti i1¥(200l). 0. <,I:)*~~*'1ti~HiHT*~~*'1trWJ~;LuH~- ,I:)*~~*'1t7t{t. «r:p~'m~~¥~». :. , 11M ' W12S-166. <*~±~'I'~~m1~7t=¥8k]uH~>. «~~¥ftW4fIJ». 0. '. mJi5~g'(199S). : «U1I'L,}ll!*». ~IJ;t;~(l99S). <*~± IT'7t=¥Mf~uH~-*5fflj~*W~fj[~*>. :. 0. tl~t. : filEt. 0. 3~ ,. W29-42. 0. 0. *'". 0. ~N1fWJl!1!uH. ~ ::t,~! 1m 1*7t.f )fHI.z~ ~. 91.

(22) 1. 3"C ' NSC84-2413-H-031-004. 0. Brehm, S. S. (1987). Coping after a relationship ends, in C. R. Synder &. c. E. Ford. (Eds.), Coping with negative life event. New York and London: Plenum Press. Corey, G. (1996). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. (jth. JI:s€Jf1 . ed.). CA:. 51rj:. 3"C.. Brooks/Cole. Felmlee, D. H. (1994). Who's on top? Power in romantic relationship. Sex Role, 31,. ~jJ~ . ft./. Goldenberg, 1., & Goldenberg, H. (1996). Family Therapy: Overview(4 th eds.). CA:. -"10'. 1f;. Brooks/Cole.. WbJ. Kaczmarek, M. G., Backlund, B. A., & Biemer, P. (1990). The dynamics of ending a. fm.. romantic relationship. Adolescence, 36, 253-259.. f*~ffi ~:. 13,. Press. Rusbult, C. E. (1980). Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test. M§"*-- ~. "". -Ell &,. of the investment model. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16, 172. iIift;. 186. Smeyers, P., & Verhesschen, P. (2001). Narrative analysis as philosophical research:. :$: ?!f,. 275-295.. Minuchin, S. (1974). Family & family therapy. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University. Jri. mm~. ~:. bridging the gap between the empirical and the conceptual. Qualitative Studies. t$:. in Education, 14(1),71-84.. J#' :&.. Strauss, A. (1978). Negotiation: Varieties, contexts, processes, and social order. San Franceisco: Jossey, Bass. Timmerck, T. C. (1990). Overcoming the loss of a love: Preventing love addiction and. promoting positive emotional health. Psychological Reports, 66, 515-528.. Tzeng, O. C. S. (1992). Theories of love development, maintenance, and dissolution:. Octagonal cycle and differential perspectives. New York: Praeger.. f*i'm~ ~: ~: ?"cj. .'tC 1. liff: ~~1ii ~:. ra1 ~UfR ~~. litf ~.

(23)