網際網路的「接近使用」問題

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(1)III fUUlllMf fU 20(Feb '97)1-12 ISSN 1023-2125. ~ ~ ~ ~ 88 r 1l- iJ:f 1£ Jfl. J. 'D~ l!. The Access to Internet : An Explorative Study. PJR8~. PaiHn Chen 1iII.n:. ~ ~e *- ~ ~ MI J!C Department· of Journalism, National Chengchi University. (~-t- Abstract] ~.~. ••. ~~m~.o~. ••. I~.~*. ••••••. o.~~.~m. ~~*.'#&~.~. ••. •... ~.~*~. ••*••. ~.~.~.. '~~*~~~.'~aM~~~~~~'~~~. •.. ti'A~.~~m~.~. •• o~.~~m~ ••• ~~~.'L~~*~~~ •• *.~&~.. ~.~o.T. ~. .. .. .. ~. ~.~.~~m.,~.*. A~mJ o~a~a'~ • • • • • ~.~5a. ~r.a. •• J~ • • • • Ir.. •• 'IA• • • • ~ • •_~~m~ho. This article focuses upon the access issue of Internet. Although the number of the ternet users has sharply increased since 1993, the technology is still not available to many. E. pIe in the society. It is argued that the existing societal-economic gap is one of the most. portant explanations why some people are unable to access Internet. The prior research. ~ndicated that high-income, highly-educated people are more easily to access to new media ~han those who are low-income, less educated. The "knowledge gap" caused by the access to ~he new technologies may reversely contribute to the social disparities in the future. I. In order to ensure that most people in the society has access to computer network, future ,ational policy should move from "universal service" to "universal access", In other words, the :oal of network policy should be able not only to make network available to everyone, but .so to ensure their capability to access the contents.. aM. Keyword. ~.~. '.~1~m. ' ~.:l.Ja. Internet, Access, Inequity, Knowledge gap. .-1. L.

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(12) l.ffij(~:tItt~ (fi!;84) tp1jllfi!;IiW.lI!lIit!HiiJ\+IZY~*g{i&;zlJlil:~1!f. 2.fiij(~J(v\DJHfUJJJHll (fi!;84). ff flU ij(Jf-f mll1ii rill tp {.'. 3.r.Ellt '. ~~rt. .~~m. (J\+IZY~I:lij(Jf-f:g;Uti.IJ!ij{r.~1!fff). : lEtpiL~. 0. '~~.fflilld~VI-l022' JU~:. 1E. 0. ' 1\!fH31ri. (fi!;83). (WJ(V\~.:mIll1z.J(V\tIi~, 1J{ftUWlIn'ttifffi5~~). lffi lfUli ~ ~ • Iff IUlli IiIJl : NSC 83-01ll-S-004-002TL 4.1!.!fU:!!:flI!{. '. (fi!;72) *~.tIIH/l!.ft1!f.jJ1. 'iU*~P'~Jlf!. 0. • .~~ : :=fi!;fffIU. 0. 5. Ball, S. & G. A. Bogatz (1970). The First Year of Sesame Street: an Evaluation. 6.Princeton, N. J. : Educational Testing Service.. 7. Browing, J. (1995). "Universal Service (An idea whose time is past)," Wired Magazine 2(9), September 1 http://www.hotwired.com/wired/2.09 /features/universal.access.html. 8. Chew F. & S. Palmer (1994). "Interest, the Knowledge Gap, and Television Programming," Journal Broadcasting & Electronic Media 1994 38(3), pp.271-287.. 9. Civille, R. (1995). "The InterNet and the Poor", in Kahin, B. & J. Keller (eds.) Public Access to 1 InterNet, MIT Press: Cambridge, Mass. IO.December, J. (1994). "Challenges for a Webbed Society", also available URL : http://www.december.com/cmc/mag/I994/nov/websoc.html. 11. Donohue, A., C. N. Olien & P. J. Tichenor (1987). "Media Access Knowledge Gaps," Critical Studies in M: Communication, 4(1}, pp.87-92.. 12. Ettema, J. (1984). "Three Phases in the Creation of Information Ineuqities: An Empirical Assessment. 0. Prototype Videotex System," Journal of Broadcasting, 28:4), pp.383-395. 13. Katzman, N. (1974). "The Impact of Communication Technology: Promise and Prospects," Journal Communication, 24(4), pp.47-58. 14. Keller, J. (1995). "Public Access Issues: An Introduction", in Kahin, B. & J. Keller (eds.) Public Access the InterNet, MIT Press: Cambridge, Mass. l5.Lazarsfeld, P. F. (1940). Radio and the Printed Page. New York: Duell, Sloan, and Peace. 16. Thomas, R. (1995). "Access and Inequality: in Heap, Thomas, Elnon, Mason, & Mackay (eds.) Informat Technology and Society: A Reader, Sage: London,England. 17. Tichenor, P., G. donohue & C. OIien (1970). "Mass Media Flow and Differential Growth in Knowledl Public Opinion Quarterly, 34(2), pp.237-242.. flj}-. 12.

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