高雄醫學大學 99 學年度碩士班招生考試 英文試題 試題第 頁
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Part I. Question 1 to 10, please choose the answer closest to the underlined word or phrase. Question 11 to 15, please choose the answer that best completes the sentence. One Answer Only. 2 points.
1. Some of the potential dangers to cows treated with synthetic bovine growth hormone were brought into light through the effort of some scientist.
(A) related (B) possible (C) certain (D) obvious
2. As more U.S workers spend their days at keyboards, hand injuries and lawsuits are multiplying.
(A) increasing (B) minimizing (C) boundary-crossing (D) profit-making
3. There are several bodies that match volunteers with voluntary groups, including the National Volunteering Centre.
(A) organizations (B) remains (C) people (D) motivations
4. Piaget believed that we go through four stages in understanding the world. Each of the stages is age-related and consists of distinct ways of thinking.
(A) new (B) simple (C) different (D) exact
5. Some people think that spoken language is transient but writing tends to last because of its physical medium (characters on some surface).
(A) unimportant (B) temporary (C) interesting (D) clear
6. But what most prevents women from reaching the boardroom, say bosses and headhunters, is lack of
hands-on experience of a firm’s core business.
(A) significant (B) available (C) tested (D) practical
7. Manufactured in the tranquil New England town of Concord, New Hampshire, the famous Concord Coach came to symbolize the Wild West.
(A) peaceful (B) bustling (C) industrial (D) tiny
8. With oil prices shooting up, the demand for big cars is dwindling. Now compact cars are on great demand. (A) depressing (B) surpassing (C) decreasing (D) swirling
9. All of this she conferred on me without ever setting foot in the kitchen of her house. (A) leaving (B) dressing (C) entering (D) preparing
10. In choosing your career, you should follow your heart, but you also need to be rational.
(A) making decisions based on intelligent thinking (B) making decisions using strong emotion of feeling (C) making decisions because of relationships (D) making decision because of profits
11. ________ abolishing death penalty is a global trend, the public is so polarized over the issue that it requires more discussion.
(A) Because (B) Whereas (C) Although (D) In addition to
12. Women now often work areas ________ medicine, business management and higher education, which would not have been possible 100 years ago.
(A) regardless of (B) in virtue of (C) due to (D) such as
13. Both the National Cancer Institute and the World Health Organization say there isn't evidence to support the assertion that cell phones are a ______ threat.
(A) health public (B) healthy public (C) public-health (D) publically health
14. _______ on barren slopes can help prevent erosion.
(A) Planting trees (B) For trees to be planted (C) In order to plant trees (D) Trees are planted 15. Almost four in five people around the world believe that ____________, a poll for the BBC World Service suggests.
(A) access the Internet is a fundamental right (B) that access to the Internet is a fundamental right
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度碩士班招生考試 英文試題 試題第 頁
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II. Question 16 to 25, please choose the best answer to fill each of the numbered blanks in the passages. 2 points each.
People communicate in many different ways and yawning is one important means of 16
communication. It gives many different 17 to people and everyone yawns. Some birds, reptiles, fish and most mammals also yawn. However, the reason why we do it is still a mystery. There is also very little research available on yawning as for most people, it is not a problematic 18 . Here are a few things that are know about yawns: 1). The 19 duration of a yawn is about six seconds; 2.) in humans, the
20 yawn happens about eleven weeks after conception; 3.) Yawns become contagious to people
between the first and second years of life.
16. (A) audio (B) friendly (C) non-verbal (D) scenario
17. (A) messages (B) funs (C) challenges (D) experiments
18. (A) resistance (B) repeat (C) reflex (D) rejection
19. (A) critical (B) analytical (C) terminal (D) average
20. (A) most difficult (B) earliest (C) most fundamental (D) experiential
Culture shock can be an excellent lesson 21 human differences. The reason culture shock occurs is that we are not prepared for these differences. 22 the way we are taught in our culture, we are all ethnocentric. This term comes from the Greek root ethnos, 23 a people or group. Thus, it refers to
24 our outlook or world view is centered on our own way of life. Ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s
own patterns of behavior are the best: the most natural, beautiful, right, or important. Therefore, other people,
25 that they live differently, live by standards that are inhuman, irrational, unnatural, or wrong.
21. (A) on relative values and understanding (B) in relative values and in understanding
(C) about relating values and on understanding (D) by means of relative values and understanding
22. (A) Because of (B) Because (C) In the event of (D) In spite of
23. (A) it means (B) it is meaning (C) meaning (D) by meaning 24. (A) that the fact (B) the fact that (C) the fact (D) the fact that is 25. (A) to the extend (B) by and large (C) more or less (D) drawing a line
III. Reading Comprehension. In this part, you will read several passages. Each one is followed by a number of questions. Question 26 to 40, you should choose the ONE best answer to each question. 2 points each.
Dariusz Leszczynski, a research professor at Finland's Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority in Helsinki, has done studies indicating that radio frequency radiation may create a stress reaction in the cells that line blood vessels, leading to a dangerous breach in the blood-brain barrier. "Mobile-phone radiation may be able to indirectly hurt cells, perhaps by interfering with their ability to repair normal DNA damage," he says. "Given the scientific uncertainty, it's premature to say the use of cell phones is safe."
If radio frequency radiation increases the chances of developing brain cancer, it should show up in long-term studies of cell-phone users. But many epidemiological studies have found no clear connection, including a 2007 Danish Cancer Society study of 421,000 cell-phone users, which led many in the media to conclude that mobiles are harmless. To date, "peer-reviewed scientific evidence has overwhelmingly indicated that wireless
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度碩士班招生考試 英文試題 試題第 頁
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devices do not pose a risk," says John Walls, a spokesman for CTIA, a global wireless association.
26. According to Prof. Dariusz Leszczynski,
(A) whether or not the use of cell phones is safe is still uncertain. (B) it is proved that cell phone would impair normal DNA. (C) Using cell phones will block blood vessels.
(D) The research on cell phones is not reliable.
27. The passage following these two passages might be about
(A) the autobiography of Dariusz Leszczynski. (B) problems with many of these studies. (C) the development of brain cancer. (D) peer review of cell phones.
While fats have lately acquired a bad image, one should not forget how essential they are. Fats provide the body’s best means of storing energy, a far more efficient energy sources than either carbohydrates or proteins. They act as insulation against cold, as cushioning for the internal organs, and as lubricants. Without fats, energy would have no way to utilize fat-soluble vitamins. Furthermore, some fats contain fatty acids that contain necessary growth factors and help with the digestion of other food.
An important consideration of fat intake is the ratio of saturated fats to unsaturated fats. Saturated fats, which are derived from dairy products, animal fats, and tropical oils, increase amount of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol may lead to coronary heart disease by building up in the arteries of the heart. However, unsaturated fats, derived from vegetable oils, tend to lower serum cholesterol if taken in a proportion twice that of saturated fats.
The consumption of a variety of fats is necessary, but the intake of too much fat may lead to a variety of health problems. Excessive intake of fats, like all nutritional excesses, is to be avoided.
28. Comparing with carbohydrates or proteins, fats
(A) store food more efficiently. (B) deserve their bad image. (C) consume more oils. (D) provide more fluids.
Which of the followings is the main idea of 29. The main idea of the third paragraph is that
(A) people are eating less and less fat today. (B) fats should be eliminated. (C) excessive consumption of fats may be dangerous to one’s health.
(D) fats taken in the proper proportion may reduce serum cholesterol. 30. With which of the following is the whole passage primarily concerned?
(A) The role of fats in human health (B) The dangers of cholesterol
(C) The benefits of fats in the diet (D) The importance of good nutrition
Gender Equity
(1) In the past decade, increasing attention has been paid to the issue of gender equity in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. Research publications, including the American Association of University Women Educational Foundation's Tech Savvy (2000) and Women at Work (2003), have documented the troubling shortage of girls and women preparing to work in these fields. In response to this "shrinking pipeline" of girls and women in STEM, a wide array of programs and strategies has been promoted and funded by governmental and nongovernmental organizations.
(2) The AAUW Educational Foundation and the National Science Foundation are among the top
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度碩士班招生考試 英文試題 試題第 頁
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invested nearly $90 million to fund more than 400 projects specifically aimed at increasing the participation of girls and women in STEM fields. This body of projects presented a unique opportunity to explore the nature of gender equity intervention projects in STEM. Until now, no comparable survey of gender equity intervention projects in STEM has been done.
(3) The research for this report, led by Yasmin Kafai and a team of researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, was guided by several overarching questions: What types of projects have been funded within and across the various STEM disciplines? Are there areas where we have concentrated our efforts, and areas we have overlooked? What patterns emerge among the project types and disciplines? (4) The findings document impressive efforts in preparing girls and women for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics studies and careers and demonstrate a rich and diverse body of gender equity intervention projects within all STEM disciplines. About two-thirds of the projects involved extracurricular informal learning activities such as museum visits and field trips. Equally important were mentoring activities in many forms, ranging from traditional one-to-one to large-scale online versions, and professional
development activities, such as course taking and network building, that were successfully integrated into projects.
(5) At the same time, the findings reveal some troubling trends. Many projects focused predominantly on career advice without providing access to necessary skill and content development. A majority of projects occurred outside the school curriculum. While such extracurricular1 projects can be effective and valuable, the overall lack of integration into the school curriculum suggests that gender equity remains on the margins of teaching and learning in the STEM fields. Finally, an absence of data on participant demographics and a lack of project evaluation make it difficult to determine who is being served and if and how project outcomes are being measured.
31. What does the phrase "shrinking pipeline" in paragraph refer to?
(A) the shortage of oil supply (B) the shortage of labor supply (C) the shortage of training programs (D) an issue that is getting smaller
32. Which of the sentences below best express the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage 2? (Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.) (A) These projects allowed us to study the differences between men and women employed in STEM jobs. (B) We were able to intervene when women STEM workers were being treated unfairly.
(C) Studying these projects helped to create more gender equity intervention projects. (D) STEM jobs were able to be studied by exploring nature.
33. In paragraph 3, "Are there areas where we have concentrated our efforts, and areas we have overlooked?" In this sentence, "we" refers to
(A) the author and his/her coworkers. (B) people involved in creating gender equity projects. (C) people in the STEM disciplines. (D) Yasmin Kafai and his team.
34. According to paragraph 4, what is one positive finding of this research?
(A) the STEM field is rich and diverse (B) many projects involved mentoring opportunities (C) girls and women are being prepared for STEM jobs (D) the quality of the questions asked 35. According to paragraph 5, what is one negative trend discovered through this research? (A) access to unnecessary content (B) extracurricular projects were common (C) evaluation of the projects was too specific (D) focus on career advice
Chili peppers are decidedly an international phenomenon, spicing up regional dishes from Thailand to North Africa. In Thailand Confidential, this week’s Globalist Bookshelf selection, Jerry Hopkins gives insight
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度碩士班招生考試 英文試題 試題第 頁
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to the culture and history surrounding this fiery fruit (yes, technically a fruit) and highlights how it may be one of the world’s best medical miracles.
In Thailand－where restaurants rate their dishes by placing one, two, three, and sometimes four little red chilis on the menu next to the dishes’ names to alert diners－I am tolerated. Barely.
A longtime friend, who is a Thai chef, used to bring home food purchased at street stalls and as she placed this on the table, she would point to one container and say, “Mine,” then to another, saying, “Yours.” As if to say, “Poor dear.”
Thailand is not the birthplace of the Capsicum, or chili pepper; it only acts as if it is. In fact, the chili was imported, along with much else in the national diet. However, in Thailand the per capital consumption of the small, fiery fruit is surely as high if not higher than it is anywhere else. And it is in the use of unprocessed, fresh, ripe chilis where Thailand rings all the loudest bells.
The truth is that chili is an international phenomenon. There is a bimonthly magazine published in the United States, Chili Pepper (there is no agreement on the spelling), and a wide variety of products is available, including pepper-shaped wind chimes, bells, and strings of Christmas tree lights. There is even a Hot Sauce Club of America; members receive two new hot sauces and a newsletter every month. There is even a popular American rock and roll band that calls itself the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Yes, the band is hot.
36. From these passages, we learn that the author (A) enjoys chili peppers everywhere. (B) does not really like chili peppers.
(C) likes to have chili peppers to go with some certain kind of food. (D) like to go to restaurant famous for chili peppers.
37. The best title for these passages is
(A) Thailand and Chili peppers. (B) Chili Peppers and Spicy Dishes. (C) Different Tastes all over the World. (D) Chili Peppers and Globalization. 38. Based on the passages, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
(A) That Thailand uses unprocessed, fresh, ripe chili peppers has started the popularity of chili peppers. (B) Thailand exports a lot of chili peppers.
(C) Chili peppers are a kind of fruit. (D) Thai food is normally quite spicy. 39. What does per capital consumption mean?
(A) amount consumed per person within a specific population. (B) capital population and its consumption.
(C) capital with that the government provides each person for food consumption. (D) capital that each person can get for their daily food consumption.
40. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
(A) Chili peppers are very popular in the United States.
(B) The use of chili peppers in the United States is being influenced by Thailand. (C) Chili peppers are made into different toys.
(D) Chilli peppers have made a rock band very hot.
IV. Essay. 20 points.
Please write a well-structured essay on how you can prepare yourself for living in a diverse and more global society in 150 to 200 words discussing your opinions.
試題 第 頁 1
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度 研究所 招生考試
命題系所: 護理學系碩士班
考試科目: 內外科護理學
1. 陳先生一個星期前第一次因 COPD exacerbation 入院，現病情較穩定，預出院，請問出院 衛教您會著重在哪幾方面? 請申論 (25%)。 2. 心血管疾病為當前國人的重要疾病之一，其盛行率和致死率都逐年升高，請寫出心血管 疾病的危險因子，並針對其中一個危險因子設計心血管疾病預防方案（30％）。 3. 外科術後病人的疼痛問題是一個影響病人預後的重要因素，試說明疼痛所引起的生理反 應為何？護理人員在病人的疼痛控制上應扮演怎樣的角色，試申論之？ （25％） 4. 您當班時，突然發現病人有意識混亂的情形，請問您會先收集或評估哪些資料？試說明 之（包含理由）。（20％）命題教師簽章：____________________ （簽章請勿超過虛線） 試題 第 頁 1
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度 研究所 招生考試
命題系所: 護理學系碩士班
考試科目: 社區衛生護理學
1. 請說明何謂社區健康營造及社區護理人員在社區健康營造中的角色。(20%)
2. 某社區人口數為 100,000 人，其中 40 歲以上婦女佔 25%，請列出三項你認
為可用於評估該社區 40 以上歲婦女健康需求之健康指標及你認為的原因。
(25%)
3. 承上題請針對其中一個健康指標，具體說明你會如何收集該指標資料及判斷
該指標是否為社區 40 歲以上婦女健康問題。 (30%)
4. 試以一個理論模式為例，說明可能影響社區糖尿病個案規律運動之因素。
(25%)
命題教師簽章：____________________ （簽章請勿超過虛線） 試題 第 頁 1
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度 研究所 招生考試
命題系所: 護理學系碩士班
考試科目: 護理行政與管理
申論題
一、 請定義領導(leadership)與管理(management)，並舉臨床實例比較其差異。
(30%)
二、 請說明決策(decision making)的定義和重要性，試舉一個決策經驗說明管
理者在決策過程中應該思慮的準則。(30%)
三、 醫療資訊近年來蓬勃發展，請論述您對護理資訊發展之正負面觀點，管
理者如何擴大其對護理實務的正面效益、降低其負面影響？(40%)
試題 第 頁 1
高雄醫學大學 99 學年度 研究所 招生考試
共 5 頁命題系所: 護理學系碩士班
考試科目: 身體檢查與評估
一. 選擇題: (12 題,每題 2.5 分,共 30 分)請填於答案卡上 C1.一位 35 歲吳小姐因為子宮頸癌住院,護理人員收集其健康史應包括 1.其父母的高血壓病史 2.藥物濫用 3.職業 4.親密關係 5.同住狀況 6.其女兒的過敏史 (A)2.4.5 (B)1.2.4.5. (C)2.3.4.5 (D)1.3.4.6 (E)1.3.4.5.6 B2.一位 20 歲劉小姐,大四即將畢業,日前參加一場就業博覽會時因為頭暈耳鳴厲 害,合併噁心嘔吐及心悸,呼吸急促,心跳 103 次/分,臉色慘白,若您是該活動的醫 護志工,你會做哪些健康評估項目: 1.聽診心音呼吸音 2.作平衡測試 3.深觸診腎臟 4.測試聽力 5.測試痛覺 6.測試情緒及精神狀況 (A)1.2.4.5 (B)1.2.4.6 (C)1.3.4.5 (D)2.3.4.5 (E)1.2.3.4.6 D3.七歲邱小弟因為腹痛進到急診求醫,試問下列哪些檢查結果,要高度懷疑邱小 弟罹患"急性闌尾炎": 1.按壓右腹卻引發左腹疼痛 2.按壓腹部後突然彈起有回縮痛 3.膝屈曲 90 度往內外推會有咯噠音 4.直舉右腿後在膝部向下壓迫會有右下腹疼痛 5.在肚臍與右腹股溝連線中點處特別疼痛 6.厭食嘔吐 (A)1.2.4.5 (B)1.2.4.6 (C)2.3.4.5 (D)2.4.5.6 (E)1. 2.4.5.6 C4.一位 58 歲魏女士因為腹部日益隆起,躺在診察床上經過視診後發現其上腹部凸起, 試問你可能會懷疑魏女士有可能有哪些問題: 1.胃脹氣 2.肝臟腫瘤 3.懷孕 4.卵巢腫瘤 5.胰臟腫瘤 6.脾臟腫大 (A)1.2.3.5. (B)1.2.3.6 (C)1.2.5.6 (D)1.2.3.5.6 (E)1.2.3.4.5.6試題 第 頁 2 A5.雷先生,66 歲,因顱內出血入院,經視野檢查後發現他的事也產生缺損如下圖: 試問雷先生的視神經最可能的傷害在哪個部位: (A)右枕葉視皮質 (B)左枕葉視皮質 (C)視神經交叉處 (D)左側膝狀體 (E)左側膝狀體 C6.下列何項指標可以證明 35 歲的朱先生目前處在明顯營養不良的情況 1.身高 180 公分體重 69 公斤 2.上臂中點環圍(MAC)23.5 公分 3.白蛋白(Albumin) 3.5 g/dl 4.皮膚色素沉著,指甲變薄 5.身體質量指數(BMI)18 (A)2.4 (B)4.5 (C)2.4.5 (D)3.4.5 (E)1.2.3.4.5 A7.陳女士,罹患糖尿病 20 年,因為下肢症狀被懷疑有慢性動脈供應不足,以下哪些 出現在陳女士的檢查結果,可以支持這個問題: 1.指甲變厚 2.皮膚薄而亮 3.按壓性水腫 4.足踝部潰瘍 5.走路時會疼痛 (A)1.2.5 (B)2.3.4 (C)1.3.4.5 (D)2.3.4.5 (E)1.2.3.4.5 D8.使用腰椎受傷時的檢查來確定受損的位置，下列何者正確： (A)大腳趾蹠屈(屈曲)無力表示 L3 神經根受損 (B)大腳趾蹠屈(屈曲)無力表示 L4 神經根受損 (C)大腳趾背屈(伸展)無力表示 S1 神經根受損 (D)大腳趾背屈(伸展)無力表示 L5 神經根受損 (E)小腿內側的肌肉無力表示 L3 神經根受損 C9.當我們懷疑一位 56 歲婦女有冰凍肩時,以下哪些肩關節活動角度,可以佐證此 問題成立: 1.向後伸展最多 60 度 2.向前屈曲至垂直面 120 度 3.水平伸展 20 度
試題 第 頁 3 4.外展至垂直面 130 度 5.內轉 90 度 (A)1.2.4 (B)1.3.5 (C) 2.3.4 (D)1.2.3.4 (E)2.3.4.5 A10.下列哪些肺部疾病會在執行胸部扣診時呈現"過度共鳴"的現象: 1.氣喘 2.肺氣腫 3.急性支氣管炎 4.氣胸 5.支氣管擴張 (A)1.2.4 (B)1.3.4 (C)2.3.4 (D)2.3.5 (E)2.4.5 E11.對於老人的認知功能,能以下列哪些方式可以測試" 1.說出自己的名字 2.痛覺測試 3.覆誦 4-6 個數字串 4.100 減 7 至無法減 5.觀察回答問話時的眼神接觸 (A)1.2.3.4 (B)1.2.3.5 (C)1..3.4.5 (D)2.3.4.5 (E)1.2.3.4.5 B12.一位 76 歲林女士作健康評估時,下列何者發現並非正常老化必然產生的改變 (A)對紫色視覺不敏銳 (B)唾液分泌減少 (C)結締組織增生,動脈變厚變窄 (D)對高音調快速的聲音聽力不佳 (E)對甜鹹味覺明顯變鈍 二. 配合題:(4 題, 每題 2.5 分, 共 10 分)請填答於答案卡上 請在右邊選項中選擇一個最符合每一題心雜音的特質: B13.連續性雜音 A.三尖瓣狹窄 A14.心臟舒張期低音低吼雜音 B.開放性肺動脈導管 D15.可以在心尖處聽到最大心雜音 C.肺動脈瓣狹窄 C16.心臟收縮期中音如吹瓶雜音 D.僧帽瓣回流 問答題 一題 每題 10 分(請用空白卷部份填答) 一名祖籍印尼的外籍配偶婦女,篤信伊斯蘭教,來台五個月,因為有產痛進到產房預備分娩,若您 是迎接他的護理人員,預定要幫他做一連串的評估,請問 #您如何基於文化考量開始作健康史資料的收集?(5%)
試題 第 頁 4 #並詳述您預定收集資料的內容?(5%) 配合題 30 分：請依下列題目敘述選出一個最適合的答案，並填於答案卷處，每題 3 分（注 意：填錯位置則不予計分)。 1. 為青少年作理學檢查實應注意的事項。 2. 可區分中毒性、代謝性及顱內病變之一項身體評估檢查。 3. 個案陳述尖銳的胸痛、在深呼吸時疼痛加劇、疼痛放射到左肩，個案理學檢查同時會出 現的異常結果。 4. 歇斯底里個案出現過度換氣時，會引起的異常反應。 5. 疑似急性腎絲球腎炎時，個案身體評估檢查會出現的異常結果。 6. 個案主訴體力不濟且易於疲倦，也常有便秘及皮膚癢的情形，個案理學檢查亦會出現的 異常結果。 7. 新生兒聽診最大心搏動點的位置。 8. 超過 35 歲初次懷孕婦女於初次產檢，在進行第一次身體評估時宜包括的檢查項目。 9. 長期酗酒個案引發酒精性肝炎，理學檢查會出現的異常結果。 10. 會出現 Phalen’s test 陽性反應的個案。
答案選項
(1) 讓父母參與全部過程 (2) 避免護士在場以免身體暴露於第三者 (3) 給充分的遮蔽且一邊檢查一邊給予說明 (4) 瞳孔對光的反應(5) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (6) 心電圖出現不正常 Q 波
(7) 肺底聽到囉音 (8) 心前區聽到心包摩擦音 (9) 呼吸困難及手足抽搐 (10) 聽診時呼吸音減弱及呼氣期延長 (11) 顏面及四肢末梢水腫 (12) 血壓升高及四肢末梢發紺 (13) 個案輕輕閉上眼睛時，可見到眼瞼的震顫 (14) 膝反射減低 (15) 血鈣濃度升高 (16) 左鎖骨中線的第二～四肋間 (17) 左鎖骨中線的第五肋間 (18) 量體重、詢問月經史、產科史、尿液分析、骨盆檢查
(19) 量體重、測血糖、詢問避孕方法、產科史、乳房檢查、深部肌腱反射、Homan’s sign test (20) 量體重、測血壓、測血糖、產科史、Leopold 檢查、聽診胎心音
(21) 心跳減低及手部震顫 (22) Wernicke encephalopathy (23) 維生素 B 缺乏
試題 第 頁 5 (24) carpal tunnel syndrome
(25) congenital dislocation (26) synovitis
一、問答題 (20 分)
： 林先生 60 歲，未婚，高中畢業，在仲介公司上班，去年因為感冒，咳嗽的時候伴隨咳血， 覺得頭暈，且身上瘀青不退求醫，被診斷為再生不良性貧血後，已接受異體周邊血液幹細 胞移植，術後因口服 cyclosporin 出現腹瀉情形，因為工作的關係，一個人租屋在外，平 日皆外食。身高 166 公分，現在體重為 74 公斤，個案一天攝取熱量約 1305 大卡，個案 表示最近二個月來體重減少 5 公斤，過去飲食上沒有限制什麼都吃，以前喜歡吃酸、 辣 的 食 物 ， 現 在 覺 得 味 覺 整 個 改 變 ， 胃 口 也 不 好 ，過去 最 喜歡吃 水 果、生 魚 片，但 現 在 不 敢 生 食 因 為 怕 食 物 的 細 菌 會 感 染 身 體 ， 個案平常較少吃營養補充品，偶而喝雞 精，較常泡人參、紅棗、枸杞茶來喝。1. 請計算林先生的理想體重及 body mass index (BMI)值，並解釋其結果。(5%) 2. 請問林先生服用的藥物及保健飲食，對營養代謝方面有何影響？(5%)
3. 請問林先生整體營養評估的結果如何？（請陳述確立的健康問題及該問題的支持資 料）(10%)
1 高雄醫學大學 99 學年度 研究所 招生考試 考試科目：綜合護理—婦幼科、內外科、精神科
綜合護理學 (
必答題 3 選 3，選答題 3 選 1 共 2 頁
)
婦幼科
普通性問題(general question)：必答題
1. 請以任何一種「發展理論」解釋個案之生理、心理、認知或社會發展情形
對照護需求的影響。
特殊性問題(specific question)：選答題
1. 請依據下列兩項統計資料，提出婦女及幼童健康可能面臨的問題及因應策
略
嬰兒出 生概況 8.9 25.9 15.9 9.1 9.0 12.4 3.7 1.9 10.9 11.7 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 65 70 75 77 79 85 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96年 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 粗出生率 生母年齡在35歲以 上之嬰兒比率 0 /00 粗 出 生 率 % 嬰 兒 比 率 結婚率與離婚率 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 200,000 60 65 70 75 80 85 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97年 對 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 對/千人 結婚對數 離婚對數 粗結婚率 粗離婚率2
內外科
普通性問題必答 陳太太 70 歲 患有乳癌第四期， 因 Diabetes 導致末期腎病變，心血管疾病； 十年前即 開始進行血液透析治療，近因乳癌轉移而有嚴重疼痛，無法平躺休息．．．等不適症狀； 醫師表示陳太太已有多重器官衰竭，預後不佳。 請就上述情境，從醫學、社會、法律、倫理各角度，提出妳個人贊成或者反對陳太太退出 血液透析治療的觀點。 特殊性問題選答引起 Acute Renal Failure 的原因眾多， 可歸類成三大部分， 即腎前( pre-renal) 腎
實質(renal) 與腎後 (post-renal) ；請在此三類病因中 各舉出一個實例 (疾病或臨床
情況) 說明其發生 Acute Renal Failure 的病理生理機轉 及其臨床表徵、 治療與照護重
點。
