供應商管理機制之影響因素研究 林永全、陳木榮
E-mail: [email protected]
摘 要
製造業是一國經濟競爭力的基礎，台灣的企業規模雖小，但在國際市場上卻仍有一定的競爭力，一個很重要的原因，就是 在台灣企業間綿密的網絡關係。企業專注於最具競爭優勢的價值活動，以達規模經濟並獲取專業分工的利益，中心廠透過 良好的產業關係網絡降低交易成本。因此中心廠對於供應商的管理機制，影響中心廠與供應商整體中衛體系之競爭力。實 務上，幾乎所有的企業所擁有的內部資源並非取之不盡，用之不竭，組織如何運用與他人合作所產生的關係來促進組織績 效，已經成為一值得重視的議題。 本研究嘗試以組織間之資源依賴關係、組織間之技術關係型態，選定從事製造活動之中 心廠為個案分析對象，試圖探討中心廠與供應商間之互動關係可分為幾種類型，中心廠與不同類型之供應商合作策略為何
，中心廠與供應商間社會資本的累積是否使組織間的合作更緊密。 經個案分析後，本研究以中心廠對供應商資源依賴程度 及技術關係型態之交互作用，歸納出供應商關係類型分別為高依賴互補型、共生互補型、低依賴互補型、高依賴替代型以 及低依賴替代型等。而傳統觀點下中心廠與供應商為敵對與相互競爭的關係，經社會資本的干擾效果，使中心廠與供應商 變成JIT觀點下之互賴與共存的關係。
關鍵詞 : 資源依賴、資源互賴、技術關係型態、供應商類型、社會資本。
目錄
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書 iii 中文摘要 v ABSTRACT vi 誌謝 viii 目錄 x 圖目錄 xviv 表目錄 xv 第 一 章 緒論 1 第 一 節 研究背 景與動機 1 第 二 節 研究問題與研究目的 2 第 三 節 研究範圍 3 第 四 節 研究限制 4 第 二 章 文獻探討 5 第 一 節 資源依賴 相關文獻 5 一、資源基礎觀點 5 二、資源的類型 5 三、資源依賴理論 7 四、資源互賴類型 11 五、小結 13 第 二 節 技術能 力相關文獻 13 一、技術之定義 14 二、技術能力構面 16 三、技術能力之替代與互補 16 四、小結 17 第 三 節 供應商關係型 態與類型 17 一、供應商關係型態演化 17 表2-4傳統觀點下買方與供應商 二、供應商的關係類型 22 三、小結 27 第 四 節 社會資本 28 一、社會資本之定義 28 二、社會資本之內涵 31 三、社會資本之組織績效 36 四、小結 37 第 三 章 研究設計 38 第 一 節 個案研究法 39 第 二 節 分析單元與個案選擇 43 第 三 節 個案撰寫流程及分析 45 圖3-1個案研究流程 資料來源
：本研究整理 第 四 節 研究架構 46 第 五 節 變項定義 47 一、組織間資源依賴程度 47 二、技術關係型態 49 三、社會資本 49 第 六 節 資料蒐集與分析方法 51 一、資籵蒐集方法 51 二、初級與次級資料來源 51 三、初級資料取得方式 52 第 四 章 個案描述 53 第 一 節 機械業個案：金豐機械工業股份有限公司 53 一、個案公司介紹 53 二、金豐與供應商間之社會資本 61 第 二 節 自行車業個案：美利達工業股份有限公司 66 一、個案公司介紹 66 二、美利達與供應商間之社會資本 74 第 三 節 玻璃業個案：台明將企業股份有限公司 79 一、個案公司介紹 79 二、台明將與供應商間之社會資本 84 第 五 章 個案分 析與命題推導 87 第 一 節 跨個案分析 87 一、組織間資源依賴程度 87 二、組織間技術關係型態 91 三、供應商關係類型 93 四、中心廠與供應商之社會資本鑲嵌 102 第 二 節 命題發展 108 一、供應商關係類型 108 二、組織間策略思考模式 116 三
、社會資本之影響 123 第 六 章 結論與建議 130 第 一 節 研究結論 130 第 二 節 理論與實務涵義 133 一、理論涵義 133 二、
實務涵義 134 第 三 節 後續研究與建議 137 參考文獻 138 中文部分 138 英文部分 142 附錄1 156 附錄2 157 附錄3 158 參考文獻
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