國立臺灣大學文學院人類學系 碩士論文
Department of Anthropology College of Liberal Arts National Taiwan University
Master Thesis
再造生態 ：
以雪霸國家公園的台灣櫻花鉤吻鮭保育實踐為例 Remaking Ecology:
The Conservation of Formosan landlocked Salmon in Shei-Pa National Park
高敏雅 Min Ya Kao
指導教授：林開世 博士 Advisor: Kai-Shih Lin, Ph.D.
中華民國 106 年 7 月
July 2017
國立臺灣大學文學院人類學系 碩士論文
Department of Anthropology College of Liberal Arts National Taiwan University
Master Thesis
再造生態系 ：
以雪霸國家公園的台灣櫻花鉤吻鮭保育實踐為例 Remaking Ecology:
The Conservation of Formosan landlocked Salmon in Shei-Pa National Park
高敏雅 Min Ya Kao
指導教授：林開世 博士 Advisor: Kai-Shih Lin, Ph.D.
中華民國 106 年 7 月 July 2017
國 立 臺 灣 大 學 人 類 學 系
碩 士論 文 再 造 生 態 系 以： 雪 霸 國 家 公 園 的 台 灣 櫻 花 鉤 吻 鮭 保 育 實 踐 為 例
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Abstract
This essay aims to discuss how contemporary wildlife conservation is embedded within the mutual penetration of human and “nature” in the age of the Anthropocene.
By taking the reservation of Formosan Landlocked Salmon of Shei-Pa National Park as the research subject, this thesis discusses how numerous nonhuman actors,
Formosan Landlocked Salmons, and human activities co-constitute and respond to the reservation scheme. To be specific, in the core area that witnessed the massive
development of alpine husbandry, the national park has made the gradual growth of the number of salmon as well as its expansion into distributed terrains as its primary means of reservation, which is dependent upon the relational networks between the inherent nature of salmons and numerous actors. Its practice includes the maintenance of habitats, artificial propagation techniques, the release of salmon into area beyond its ruled territories, and cooperation with surrounding communities, etc. In this regard, the reservation was neither the product of the top-down approach of the
governmentality of the national park, nor the result of the mutual resistance and subjectivity of the aboriginal communities, the localization of global
environmentalism, or the representation of Taiwan’s nationalist consciousness.
Alternatively, this essay regards reservation as a process open to definition, creating different problems and opportunities for engaged actors. Viewing from the standpoint of everyday conservation landscape, the nature of salmon and its relation to human being have also evolved in the reservation process, becoming part of the local life
landscape. Therefore, the reservation of Formosan Landlocked Salmon is not the restoration of the ecological system under the development of economic agriculture. It further involves the process in which human and numerous nonhuman beings
co-constitute the ecological system, which provides us with many other possibilities to transcend the dualist view that sees this process either as destruction or
preservation.
In retrospect, this essay evolves around three theses: 1. To reflect upon the theoretical assumption of the duality between nature (ecology) and culture (human activities) by arguing that this regional reservation project is based upon the
development of agriculture and has been a part of agricultural activities. Therefore, the reservation is not the total restoration of an ecological system. Rather, it is the positive and manmade construction of ecology that has created tension with many nonhuman species. 2. The properties of salmon and other nonhuman species have also shaped the reservation scheme on different scales. Therefore, the reservation is not commanded by the national park from top to bottom, nor is it shaped by the local knowledge of aboriginal people about the salmon. These two approaches are both unable to bring the case study under its conclusion. 3. Reservation is open to definition. This means that the understanding of reservation for local people is an open process, always re-involving new actors on different scales under its scheme and yielding different problems and opportunities alike. In the end, it has drawn
nonhuman species, the development of agricultural economy, and human activities onto a spectacular reservation landscape.
Key Words: Formosan Landlocked Salmon Oncorhynchus masou formosanus , Conservation, multi-species, Actor-Network Theory, Shei-Pa National Park
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