ᙯᔣෟĞKeywordsğĈ ᇴҜۏІᙊҾཱིćംᇊੑயćྚᛖྤफ़ćྋᛌநր
Digital Object Identifier; DOI; Intellectual Property; Metadata; Handle System ለวૣၷĈ୶ѯ̂ጯྤੈᄃဦ३ᐡጯրၱࡁտٙӄநିć E-mail: [email protected] ለวᇊĈ୶ѯ̂ጯྤੈᄃဦ३ᐡጯࡁտٙჇ̀ć E-mail: [email protected]
[1] Fred Moore, "Long Term Data preservation," Computer Technology Review Third Quarter Ğ1999ğ, pp.32-33.
[2] Joyce M. Ray, "Search for Tomorrow: The Electronic Records Research Program of the U.S.
National Historical Publications and Records Commission," Journal of Government Information 25:4Ğ1998ğ, pp.367-373.
ၡ ࢋ
ᇴҜۏІᙊҾཱིߏᇴҜྤૄώ۞ࢋ৵̮Іćߏ˘࣎дᇴҜᒖဩ̚೩ֻ̢
఼ᙊҾᄃϹೱംᇊੑய፟ט۞րĄώࡁտӈͽᇴҜۏІᙊҾቅࠎࡁտ८͕Ăଣ
ᄃဦ३ᐡ࠹ᙯ̝ᛉᗟĄ
˘ă ݈ ֏
ᐌშᅫშྮ֝ి൴णĂᇴҜྤੈ̂ณԣి۞јܜĂҤϫ݈ࡗѣ 1/2 ז 2/3 ۞ྤफ़ߏயϠٺᇴҜ͵ࠧ۞ࣧϠᇴҜĞBorn Digitalğྤफ़Ăז˞ 2004 ѐБ
͵ࠧ۞ྤफ़ົѣ 14% ۞ྤफ़ߏᇴҜ۞ԛёĄ[1] ઼઼࡚छ።Ϋۍݡ̈́ᑫ९؎
ࣶົĞNational Historical Publications and Records Commission ĂᖎჍ NHPRCğ
ଂ 1991 ѐҌ 1997 ѐ܅˞ᇴѺ༱࡚̮дᇴҜྤੈ۞࠹ᙯࡁտ˯Ą[2] ለ࡚Ч઼
ᇴҜۏІᙊҾቅᄃဦ३ᐡ
࠹ᙯᛉᗟ̝ଣ
ለ ว ૣ ၷāāለ ว ᇊ
࠹ᙯ̝ࡁտ፟ၹă߆ع፟ᙯ̈́ဦ३ᐡඈ࠰ϺԸˢᇴҜྤੈ̝࠹ᙯࡁտĂтĈྤੈ
ࡊԫયᗟăᑭ৶͞ёăᇾăֹϡયᗟ[3]ăᖐăྤ̈́ڱޠă߆ඉඈયᗟĄ[4]
˫ර͛ᇴҜ̼ྤ˵ТᇹດֽດкᇹᖳಱĄͷྤੈ̝߹఼ăϹೱՀߏ͟ৈᐛᓄĂ Яѩѣᙯර͛ᇴҜྤੈ̝࠹ᙯࡁտߏ̷࢝ᅮࢋ۞Ą
઼छဦ३ᐡߏБ઼ࢦࢋ۞ྤੈྤ̝˘ĂϺߏᅳጱဦ३ྤੈྤგநăᑕϡ
̝ࢋ፟ၹĄдᇴҜྤੈтѩԣి൴ण˭Ăآ੫၆ѣᙯᛉᗟ̟ͽଣտĂͽ˞ྋᇴ ҜྤੈΞਕҡᐌ̝ຍஉăયᗟ̈́Яᑕ̝Ą
ᇴҜۏІᙊҾቅĞDigital Object Identifier Ăͽ˭ᖎჍ DOIğߏᇴҜྤ
ૄώ۞ࢋ৵̮ІĂтТ઼ᅫᇾ३ཱིĞInternational Standard Book Number Ăͽ
˭ᖎჍ ISBNğ̝ٺဦ३Ăߏ˘࣎дᇴҜᒖဩ̚೩఼ֻ̢ᙊҾᄃϹೱംᇊੑய ĞIntellectual Property ĂᖎჍ IPğ፟ט۞րĂ˵ߏ˘ᙊҾቅĞIdentifierğĄ
ϫ۞ߏგநᇴҜۏІ۞ംᇊ̰टĞIntellectual ContentğĂ֭೩ֻ˘࣎Ξᕖण۞ߛ ၹ̈́ฟٸё۞րĄ
DOI ր൴णҌ̫Ğ2003 ѐğ̏གྷѣ̣ѐ።ΫĂҌ̫ѐ 7 ֹ̏͡ϡזௐ 1,000 ༱࣎ DOI[5]ćણᄃ DOI ր۞ᖐੵ˞ۍۤăրᇄથăဦ३ᐡ̝γĂ Ϻѣ߆ع͛ᚥ፟ၹ઼छဦ३ᐡඈ۞ΐˢćдᄬ֏͞ࢬੵ˞ࡻ͛ͽγĂ˵ౙᜈѣ ڱ͛ăᇇ͛ăҘͰ͛ăཌྷ̂Ӏ͛̈́ᔹ͛ඈĂుՎᕖणזЧᄬ͛Ą DOI ่̙
ߏᙊҾቅĂ҃ߏΒ߁˞በቅĞN u m b e r i n g ğăೡĞD e s c r i p t i o n ğăྋᛌ ĞResolutionğ̈́߆ඉĞPoliciesğඕЪ۞րć DOI րੵ˞̍ү൴णγإஉᄏ
˞тңѣड़۞БሹҶཉጱˢ̈́ᑕϡѩրĄ[6] ώࡁտӈͽ DOI ࠎ८͕Ă੫၆
࠹ᙯᛉᗟซҖܐՎ̝ᗃؠᄃଣĄ
[3] David M. Levy, "Heroic Measures: Reflections on the Possibility and Purpose of Digital Preservation," in Proceedings of the Third ACM Conference on Digital LibrariesĞMay 1998ğ, pp.152-161.
[4] Arts and Humanities Data Services, A Strategy Policy Framework for Creating and Preserving Digital Collections, Version 5.0.Ğupdated July 2001ğ.
[5] International IDF Foundation, "DOI News - August 2003- Ten millionth DOI Assigned," August 2003, Retrieved August 25, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/news/03aug-news.html.
[6] Norman Paskin, "DOI: A 2003 Progress Report," D-Lib Magazine 9:6ĞJune 2003ğ, Retrieved August 10, 2003, from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june03/paskin/06paskin.html.
˟ă ᇴҜۏІᙊҾቅ
DOI ۞Ξ໖ז 1994 ѐ઼࡚ۍ۰םົĞThe Association of American Publishers ĂᖎჍ AAPğĂࠎ˞၆ᇴҜ̼ۏІĞࢋߏۍݡğઇ˘۞
ЩᄃᏰᙊĂ֭ᖣѩ᜕ܲംᇊੑயᝋĂ˜јϲĶԫఙᝋ؎ࣶົķĞEnabling Technologies CommitteeğĂͽซҖ˘ߊਕ᜕ܲംᇊயᝋĂ˫ਕܲᅪۍᝋٙѣ۰ થຽӀৈٙనࢍ۞րĄࠎѩࢵࢋ̝ચӈߏ͔ซ˘ۍຽᇾ۞̄ۍ̰ट ᙊҾཱིĂͽ͚ۍથᄃֹϡ۰̝มЧր۞࠹̢ᖼೱ̈́ۍᝋᄃֹϡᝋ̝ม۞
םአგந೩ֻૄᖂĄྍրͽ CNRIĞThe Corporation for National Research Initiativesğࡁ൴۞ĞHandle SystemğүࠎԫఙπέĂϡֽ၆ᇴҜ̼ۍۏ೩ֻ
˳Ξያ۞ᙊҾཱིĂ֭д 1997 ѐڱᜋҹဦ३౾ᜓົࢵѨܪ࠹ĂЩࠎ The Digital Object Identifier ĂᖎჍ DOI ĂϒёјࠎᇴҜ̼ྤЩ۞˘ีᇾĄϤ д 1998 ѐڱᜋҹјϲ۞ International DOI FoundationĞᖎჍ IDFğయ߆ඉ
۞טؠăԫఙ͚೯ăොΊ̈́ᘳৼఢăჯ᜕ቢ˯۞ֹϡݑඈ[7]Ă̚ᄬڱొ
̶Ă̏ٺ 2000 ѐјࠎ NISO/ISO ВТᇾĂБჍࠎ"ANSI/NISO Z39.84-2000 Syntax for the Digital Object Identifier"Ą[8]
IDF ۞ఢቑ̚ӈځቁĂטࢎ DOI ЩրĂࢋߏࠎ˞ۍ۰۞ᅮ ՐĂࢦٺംᇊੑயᝋ۞ଠטĂᖣͽ᜕ܲۍ۰۞ᝋৈĄЯѩপᕇдٺ DOI ᙊҾቅώ֗ӈѣ̂ณ۞ྤੈᄃాඕĂιΞͽឰֹϡ۰ۡତϤѩాඕזۍથ۞
ྤफ़ऱă͛ᚥăၡࢋࠤҌߏБ͛ĂֹᙊҾቅΞͽۡତ͔ז˯ᇴҜۍݡ۞
ώ֗Ă̙҃ГΪߏۍݡ۞ᙊҾቅ҃̏Ą[9]
ѣᙯ DOI ۞ϒё͛ІĂੵ˞ᄬڱ͞ࢬ̳̏ο۞ ANSI/NISO Z39.84-2000 γĂಶͽ IDF ٙበט۞ DOI ͘ΊĞDOI Handbookğࠎࢋ८͕ఢቑĄ DOI
͘Ίௐ˘ۍٺ 2001 ѐ 2 ͡ࢵѨۍĂௐ˟ۍ̳οٺ 2002 ѐ 2 ͡Ăௐˬۍٺ 2003 ѐ 5 ̳͡οĂ֭ٺТѐ 8 ͡Հາז 3.2 ۍĂፋЊ͘Ίೡ DOI ۞ј̈́ր
۞ྻүĂ֭೩ֻԫఙ͞ࢬ۞ࢋણ҂ֶፂĂࢋౢ༼ଂፋ࣎ DOI ტĂགྷϤ
[7] ዑวځĂIJᇴҜ̼ྤЩؠӬ۞ӀጡǕ DOIijĂĮࣧ̂̚ጯૺᐖຌࡔهဦ३ᐡᐡੈįĂ 129 Ğ2002.12ğĄ˯შ͟ഇĈ 2003.5.19 ĄშӬĈ http://www.lib.cycu.edu.tw/lib_pub/news129.htmlĄ
[8] ANSI/NISO Standard Z39.84-2000. "Syntax for the Digital Object Identifier ".
[9] ϒ⚿ăڒ˷౼ĂIJᇴҜ̰ट߹఼ᒖဩ̝υࢋᏰᙊ፟טᄃπᄂęͽ DOI ᄃ cIDF ࠎּijĂĮய ຽژĈ̄થચژįĞ2002.11ğĂࢱ 3 Ą
၆րα࣎ј۞ྋᛖĂྎᄲځϤ IDF ොΊ͕̚ĞRegistration Agencies Ă ᖎჍ RAğయેҖĂ֭ؠഇүۍώՀາĄ[10]
)˘*ңᏜ DOI
Digital Object IdentifierĞDOI®ğߏ˘࣎дᇴҜᒖဩ̚೩఼ֻ̢ᙊҾᄃϹೱ
ംᇊੑய፟ט۞րĂ˵ߏ˘ᙊҾቅĄιࢋߏࠎგநᇴҜۏІ۞ംᇊ̰टĂ ೩ֻ˘࣎Ξᕖण۞ߛၹĂߏ˘࣎ૄٺܧӀᇾ۞ฟٸёրĂࢋѣͽ˭ೀ࣎
পᕇĈ[11]
1. DOIߏ˘࣎ϖ˳̙តĞPersistentğ۞ᙊҾቅ
DOI ߏۡତᙊҾۏІώ֗Ă̙҃ည˘ਠགྷ૱ֹϡ۞შྮ͔ᕇт URL Ăߏ
ۡତ͔זშᅫშྮ˯۞ྤफ़â࣎ҜӬΪߏ˘࣎ۏІ۞ᛳّĂ҃ܧۏІώ֗Ą DOI ่̙ΪࠎშᅫშྮٙనࢍĂ˵ΞͽдЇңᇴҜშྮᄃםؠ൴೭Тᇹ۞ΑਕĄ
2. DOIߏ˘࣎ѣҖજਕ˧ĞActionableğ۞ᙊҾቅ
DOI ր۞ࢋϫ۞ಶߏࢋឰ DOI јࠎ˘࣎ѣҖજਕ˧۞ᙊҾቅĂᖎ ಏ۞ΑਕಶߏӀϡ DOI ֽԱזٙᙊҾ۞၁វĂтѩ۞ DOI ࠻ֽညߏ URLĂ Ϥٺ URL टٽפĂܳј˞შᅫშྮ۞ԣి൴णĂ҃टٽפ˵ܑϯдથຽ ᒖဩ̙̚ૉկĂּтጾѣˠ۞ԼតಶޝΞਕౄј URL ۞ԼតĂ"Not found" ۞
ੈिܑ˘࣎അགྷѣड़۞ాඕז˘̙࣎хд۞ҜཉĂ࣎࿅˫ჍࠎĶాඕຫķ Ğlink rotğĄ URL ۞યᗟ̙дԼតĂ҃ߏڱᖸ̦ᆃԼត˞Ă҃ࡶ URL ۏ
І۞ЩჍᄃҜཉΐͽ̶ᗓĂಶΞͽӀϡྋᛌ۞͞ёֽந࣎યᗟĄ
ҭ̙֭ຍק DOI υืྋᛌٙᙊҾ۞၁វĂ DOI ΞͽᙊҾ۞ംᇊྤ
யĂଂ٩෪۞үݡĞWorksğז၁វ۞ܑனԛёĞManifestationsğඈĂٙͽѣॡ
֭ڱۡତפϡĂ҃ᔘߏΞͽᖣϤྚᛖྤफ़ܑ̦ۢᆃăኡጾѣăٕΞ ͽдг͞ᑭ৶זĉӈֹྋᛌ˞ҜཉĂᔘߏΞͽГ೩ֻ۞ྋᛌඕڍĂЯ ѩυืડҾ DOI ٙᙊҾ۞၆෪ͽ̈́ྋᛌֽ۞ඕڍĂ۰˵ధ࠹Тҭ˵ѣΞਕ
̙ТĄ
DOI ଳϡ۞ྋᛌրߏ Handle System Ă̙Тٺ۞ྋᛌրĂ Handle System Ξͽ͚೯кࢦྋᛌĂ˵ಶߏΞͽྋᛌкඕڍĂΞͽߏ̙Тᙷݭ۞к
[10] Тො 7 Ą
[11] International DOI Foundation, "The DOI Handbook -Introduction," May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/intro.html.
ࣃĂт̄ฎІĞE-mailğ URLĂΞͽߏ࠹Тᙷݭ۞кࣃĂтధк۞ URL Ą Handle System Тॡ˵ඕЪ DOI ྚᛖྤफ़Ăֹдშྮᒖဩ̚۞ംᇊੑயგ நĂਕૉޙϲՀкᇹ۞ڇચĄ
ࠎ˞ֹ DOI ਕజྋᛌĂොΊ۰υืჯ᜕జྋᛌֽ۞ྤफ़ࠎңĂᖎಏ۞
ߏ˘࣎ಏ˘۞ URL Ă̙࿅â࣎ DOI ߏΞͽྋᛌкԛё۞ྤफ़Ą 3. DOIߏ˘࣎Ξ఼̢ĞInteroperableğ۞ᙊҾቅ
DOI րߏజనࢍјΞͽᄃ࿅ΝăனдᄃϏֽ۞ԫఙ఼̢Ąᖞѣ۞ᙊҾཱིΞ ͽৼࠎ DOI Щր۞˘ొ̶Ăͽдາ۞ᒖဩ̚ᚶᜈྻүĄѩγ DOI ˵ಧૄд
ೀ࣎னѣ۞ᇾ̝˯Ă Handle System ˵ΞͽፋЪனѣٕϏֽ۞შྮڇચĂ҃д
ྚᛖྤफ़ొ̶Ă˵ଳϡ IndecsĞInteroperability of Data in E-Commerceğ[12] ሀ ݭĂүࠎ೩ֻྚᛖྤफ़ม఼ّ̢۞॰ߛĄ
4. ᙊҾዋ༊۞ᆸ৺ĞAppropriate Levelğ
DOI ่̙ߏᇴҜۏІ۞ᙊҾཱིĂ˵ߏۏІ۞ᇴҜᙊҾཱིĂ˵ಶߏᄲĂ DOI ᑒӄЇң၁វ۞ᇴҜგநĂϤٺдৌ၁͵ࠧ۞Ϲٽ̚ĂܧᇴҜ၁វ۞٩෪ໄهĂ түݡٕ၁វ۞ܑனԛё˵ТᇹхдĂЯѩΪநᇴҜۏІߏ̙֖ͽநᇴҜۍ ᝋგநĞDigital Rights Management ĂᖎჍ DRMğĄᙊҾዋ༊۞ᆸ৺ߏგநྤੈ
۞ᙯᔣĂ͉Ҳ۞ᆸ৺ڱᗃࢦࢋ۞̙Т̝Ă͉۞ᆸ৺ֹᙷҬ۞Հࠎኑ ᗔĄ
5. ᙊҾኑώĞCopiesğᄃۍώĞVisionsğ
˘࣎࠹༊࿆۞ּ̄ߏĂࡶ̏གྷ၆၁វ A ග̟˘࣎ DOI ĂޢԼᆷјࠎ ၁វ B Ă֤ԧᅮࢋГග B ˘࣎ DOI ĉඍ९ߏĂ՟ѣপؠ۞ఢዋϡдٙѣ۞
࣎९ଐڶĄ҃ߏᑕྍჟቁгវᄲځ̦ᆃߏ A ă̦ᆃ˫ߏ B Ăд၆۞ଐڶ
˭Ă࣎ᇴҜۏІߏ̙ΞਕԆБ࠹ТĂΪѣдБొ˘ᇹ۞ଐڶ˭̖ਕෛࠎઘ ώĞCopiesğĄ
˘࣎ DOI Ăߏ˘ܑ࣎Їңംᇊੑய۞ۏІ۞ᇴҜᙊҾቅĄ DOI ೩ֻ˘࣎
дᇴҜშྮ̚Ăϖ˳ᙊҾംᇊੑயЧొ̶۞͞ڱĂ֭གྷϤ˘࣎ѣඕၹ۞ᕖण͞ڱ
[12] "Indecs"ĞINteroperability of Data in E-Commerce Systemsğࢍ൪ٺ 1998 ѐѐغĂϤ European Commission's Info 2000 Programme ͚ٙ೯Ăԓ୕дშྮᒖဩ̚Ă൴णംᇊੑய ĞIntellectual Property ĂᖎჍ IPğ۞ metadata ሀݭĂјֽࣶҋαࢬˣ͞ĂΒ߁ IDF д̰Ąϫ
݈̏Ϥ MPEG21 ତ͘үࠎ Rights Data Dictionary ૄᖂĄ
ΝඕЪ࠹ᙯ̝னҖྤफ़ĄΞͽᑕϡдЇңᇴҜᒖဩ̈́ംᇊੑய۞ЇңԛёĂЯ ѩ˫Ⴭࠎംᇊੑய۞୧ቅĂтТன၁̚۞୧ቅĂιࣇజֹϡٺٙѣ۞ֻᑕᔤĂͽ ΐࣃ֭༼࠷јώĄ DOI ˵ѣҾٺ˘ਠ૱ϡംᇊੑயᙊҾཱིĂт઼ᅫᇾ३ཱི
ĞISBNğᄃᙊҾཱིĞт ISRCğĂЯࠎιΞͽాඕז̏ؠཌྷр۞ڇચĂ֭Ξۡ
ତྻүٺშྮᒖဩĄ[13]
)˟*DOI ۞ј
DOI րࢋߏϤበቅăೡăྋᛌ̈́߆ඉඈα࣎ొ̶ٙၹјĂΞણဦ
˘Ĉ[14]
œ በቅĈග̟ DOI ٙࢋᙊҾ۞ംᇊੑய၁វĞEntityğ˘࣎በཱིٕЩჍĂᚑॾ
ֽᄲĂ DOI ߏ˘ҚϤфϓᄃᇴфཱིٙၹј۞фҚĂϤٺ DOI ఼૱Ϥᇴф
ٙјĂٙͽགྷ૱ົϡĶᇴфķֽܑĂͽᔖҺ̙υࢋ۞ኑᗔّĄ࣎ొ̶
ϫ݈ଳϡ NISO ᇾĂበཱིࠎ ANSI / NISO Z39.84-2000 Ą
œ ೡĈ˵ಶߏྚᛖྤफ़Ăޙϲ˘࣎གྷ DOI ٙᙊҾ၁វ۞ೡĂ DOI ྚᛖྤफ़ րߏૄٺ Indecs ሀݭĄ
œ ྋᛌĈޙϲ˘࣎Ξྻү۞ᙊҾཱིĂ೩ֻѣᙯ DOI ٙྋᛌ۞ྤੈĂϫ݈ଳϡ Handle System® Ă DOI ߏ˘࣎ URI ۞ᑕϡĄ
œ ߆ඉĈგநրྻү۞ఢĄ
дӀϡ˘࣎Щ፟ט̰टۏІበቅޢĂࠎ˞ֹ࣎ᙊҾཱིߏѣҖજਕ˧
۞Ăಶυืགྷ࿅ĶྋᛌķĂ DOI ࠎЇң၁វ೩ֻϖ˳გந۞ᄮᙋĂ DOI ྋᛌ јϫ݈జֹϡ۞͞ёĂт URL Ăֹϡ۰̙ᅮࢋۢ URL ۞ԼតĂྋᛌրົ
ҋજྋᛌјϒቁ۞ URL ĄҭߏΪѣᇹߏ̙ૉĂᅮࢋ˘࣎ዋ༊۞ྚᛖྤफ़ֽგ நྤĂޙϲ˘࣎፟ט೩ֻѣඕၹّ۞͞ёֽೡజᙊҾ۞၆෪ĂͽซҖΐࣃڇ ચĂ IDF ࢍ൪ଳϡ̏хд۞ᇾт ONIX ă Dublin Core ඈĂ̯ధՏ࣎ཏវଳ ϡҋ̎۞ᙊҾཱིᄃೡĄޢГֱ̍ᖼˢۤົᄃ߆ඉ۞॰ߛĂ೩ֻ၁ү۞
ఢᄃ፟טĂтТĈ ISBN ă EAN/UCC Codes ă Visa Numbers ඈĂགྷϤොΊ
͕̚Ăд࠹Тఢ۞ྻү˭ĂధкᓑЪොΊ͕̚ᓑЪֽĂֹ DOI ਕૉд˘
࣎࠹Т۞ݡኳ˭൴णĄ
[13] International DOI Foundation, "FAQ: what is a DOI," Retrieved May 28, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/faq.html#1.
[14] Тො 11 Ą
ဦ˘Ĉ DOI ր۞ј
ણ҂ֽĈ International DOI Foundation,"The DOI Handbook -Introduction,"May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/intro.html.
1. በቅ[15]
DOI ۞በቅրᏲч ANSI/NISO Z39.84- 2000 ۞ᄬڱᇾĂߏ URI ۞˘
ᑕϡĄ DOI ߏ˘࣎পҾຍཌྷ۞фҚٕበቅĞopaque string or dumb numberğĂ ӈܑϯڱۡତଂ DOI ۢ࣎በቅ۞ຍཌྷĂΪѣଂොΊ۰д DOI ൳ᐂ۞ྚᛖ
ྤफ़̖ਕۢĄ˵ܑϯĂӈֹপؠีϫ۞ጾѣˠԼត˞Ă࣎ᙊҾཱི̪ߏ࠹Т
۞ͷϖ˳̙ត۞Ă˵ಶߏ DOI జჍࠎ"persistent identifier"۞ࣧЯĄ DOI Ϥ prefix suffix[16] јĂͽቢĞ/ğ̶Ăтဦ˟ܑϯĈ
ဦ˟Ĉ DOI ᄬڱඕၹ
дּ࣎̄̚Ă prefix ಶߏ"10.1000"Ă suffix ಶߏ"123456"Ą֭ԫఙ˯۞
ࢨטֽఢቑ prefix ٕ suffix ۞ܜޘĂҌ͌ಶநኢ˯҃֏Ă DOI በቅ֭ܜޘࢨ טĄͽ˭ᄲځ prefix suffix ۞ඕၹĄ
[15] International DOI Foundation, "The DOI Handbook- Numbering," May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/enumeration.html.
[16] prefix ˫Ⴭфࢵٕ݈ყĂ suffix ˫ჍфԍٕޢყĂϫ݈ᖙᛌЩෟ̙˘Ăώ̪͛ͽܑࣧ͛ϯ̝Ą
Ğ1ğDOI prefix ۞ඕၹ prefix ώ֗˫̶ࠎ࣎ొ̶Ą
ٙѣ۞ DOI ؕౌߏ "10."Ăࢋߏࠎ˞ડҾ DOI ᄃ Handle System ۞
ᑕϡĄௐ˟ొЊߏϦኛොΊ۞ᖐٙజኬ̟۞ཱིቅĞٕфҚğâ࣎ᖐ
֭՟ѣజࢨטϦኛ prefix ۞ᇴณĂᓝּֽᄲâछۍ̳ΦΞͽΪѣಏ˘˘࣎
DOI prefix Ă˵ΞͽࠎՏ˘ώഇΏăٕࠎՏ˘࣎ۍۤϦኛ̙Т۞ DOI prefix Ą
Т˘࣎ᖐ྆ѣ̙Т۞ prefix ࢋߏࠎ˞გந˯۞͞ܮّâ͞ࢬΞቁܲՏ
˘࣎జኬ̟۞ཱིቅౌߏ˘۞Ğдᘀ̂۞ᖐ̚ࢋቁܲ suffiex ߏ˘۞̙֭ट ٽĂੵܧѣ̚δଠგğĂٕ༊ᖐ̰۞ߙ࣎ొ̶Ğт˘ώഇΏğொᖼගΩ˘࣎ᖐ გநॡĂਕૉ͞ܮநĄDOI prefix ߏϤ࣎ˠٕᖐШොΊ͕̚Ϧኛॡٙኬ̟۞Ă ϫֹ݈ٙϡ۞ DOI prefix ౌߏͽᖎಏᇴфበቅĂҭ֭՟ѣఢؠ̙ਕଳϡфϓĄ
Prefix ֭Ξซ˘Վડ̶ sub-prefixes Ăт"10.1000.10/123456"Ą
ᅮڦຍ۞ߏĂ DOI ̪ߏ˘Қຍཌྷ۞фҚཱིٕቅĂ͍ߏ prefix ̙֭ົ੫ ၆ᖐග̟পؠĞٕѣຍཌྷğ۞በቅٕфҚĂᇹ DOI ̖ਕჯϖ˳̙តĂ˵
ಶߏᄲĂӈֹٙѣᝋགྷ࿅ொᖼĂ prefix ̪ߏ̙ត۞Ą Ğ2ğDOI suffix ۞ඕၹ
д prefix ̝ޢߏ˘࣎˘۞ suffixĞ၆ٺజኬ̟۞ prefix ҃֏ğĂͽᙊҾ၁ វĂϤܑϦኛ۰۞ prefix Ăΐ˯Ϧኛ۰ҋҖග̟۞˘ suffix ĂΞͽᔖҺᅮࢋ
ะ̚ගཱི۞યᗟĄ
DOI suffix ΞͽߏЇңфϓᄃᇴфཱིၹј۞фҚĂϤϦኛ۰ҋҖՙؠĂΞ ͽߏޝᖎಏ۞߹ཱིͪĂ˵Ξͽߏ̏хд۞በཱིĄ DOI suffix ۞ගཱིѣ͞ёĈ ၁វ̏གྷϤߙ͞ёගཱིٕإϏበཱིĄ
œ DOI Ξͽଳϡߊѣ۞በཱིĂтဦ३۞ ISBN Ăٕߙ࣎Ϧኛ۰ҋ̰̎ొѣ
˘ّ۞யݡበཱིĂΞͽۡତֹϡֱཱིቅĂд DOI ྚᛖྤफ़Ξͽᐂߏଳϡ
֤࣎ᇾჩࢋĂᇹдր̚˵ΞͽᙊҾֱཱིቅֽࣧ۞ຍཌྷĄּтĈ 10.1000/123456
10.1000/ISBN1-900512-44-0
ҭд DOI ր̚Ăܑ̙֭րΞͽྋژĞҭдᑕϡրΞਕߏѣ ϡğĂͽ ISBN ࠎּĂᑭߤቅ̙֭ѣֽࣧ۞ϡĂҭΞͽܲ˭ֽĄ
œ тڍ՟ѣனј۞በཱི፟טΞϡĂ DOI ಶᅮࢋࢦາበཱིĂ҃Ϧኛ۰ಶࢋҋࢎٕ
ଳϡ۞ suffix ፟טĂٕۡତଳϡ߹ཱིͪӈΞĄ
д DOI ր̙֭̚ᅮࢋଳϡ࠹Т۞፟טĂͽ CrossRef ොΊ۞͛ౢࠎּĂ
ۍۤΞͽֹϡ̙Т۞͞ёֽගཱིĂтĈ
ۍۤ A ֹϡ PII Ĉ S1384107697000225
ۍۤ B ֹϡ SICI Ĉ 0361-9230 (1997) 42:IJOaEoSRij2.0.TX; 2-B
ۍۤ C ֹϡ"C-numbers"Ĉ JoesPaper56
ˬበቅ͞ё఼̢̙֭Ăҭд DOI ր̚Ξͽតјͽ˭ඕڍĈ DOI:10.2345/S1384107697000225
DOI:10.4567/0361-9230 (1997) 42:IJOaEoSRij2.0.TX; 2-B DOI:10.6789/JoesPaper56
ᇹՏ˘࣎ۍ۰Ξͽჯ᜕ҋ̎۞፟ט̙҃ᅮࢋᖼೱјາ۞Ą Ğ3ğ˘ّ
ࠎ˞ܲ DOI ր۞ઉБĂ DOI րૻধࢋՐ prefix suffix Ъޢ۞
˘ّĂՏ˘࣎Ϧኛ۰ౌѣҋ̎˘˟۞ prefix Ăಶߏࠎ˞ቁܲࣇොΊ۞ DOI
ౌߏ˘۞ĄොΊ͕̚۞үϡಶߏ೩ֻᇹ۞ڇચගϦኛ۰Ă̙࿅ DOI րᔘ ߏົдොΊ۞ТॡĂઇ˘̰࣎ొ۞ߤ८Ąр۞үڱಶߏ̙ࢦኑොΊЇң˘࣎
˘۞ᙊҾቅĂӈֹ̝݈ොΊεୀ۞ᙊҾཱི˵дߤ८ቑಛ̰Ą Ğ4ğ̙ડ̶̂̈ᆷ
DOI ̙ડ̶фϓ۞̂̈ᆷĂ 10.123/ABC ඈٺ 10.123/AbC Ăٙѣ۞ DOI д
ොΊॡౌົᖼј̂ᆷĂдྋᛌ۞ॡ࣏˵ߏ˘ᇹĄтڍ̏གྷොΊ࿅ 10.123/ABC Ă
10.123/abc ົజྋᛌĂ҃ 10.123/AbC ࢋГොΊॡಶ̙ົజତצĄ
д DOI ۞ᄬڱᇾĞANSI/NISO Z39.84ğߏѣડ̶̂̈ᆷĂ 10.123/ABC ߏԆБ̙Тٺ 10.123/AbC Ăෛࠎ̙࣎Т۞ᙊҾཱིĂ҃ Handle System Ξͽ੫ ၆̙Т۞ڇચֽՙؠࢋ̙ࢋડ̶̂̈ᆷĂҭϤٺд̙Т۞፟ጡٕ̙Т۞ఢቑ˯Ч ѣ̙ТĂ IDF ࠎ˞ᔖҺ౫Ăٙͽפঐ˞࣎ొ̶Ą
2.ྋᛌ
ϫ݈ DOI ۞ྋᛌ͞ёѣ˟Ĉ[17]
[17] International DOI Foundation, "The DOI Handbook- Resolution," May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/resolution.html.
Ğ1ğಏ˘ྋᛌ
DOI ѝഇ۞ྋᛌ፟טΪѣಏ˘ྋᛌĂ˵ಶߏ˘࣎ DOI ၆ᑕזಏ˘ URL Ą тဦˬĄ
ဦˬĈ DOI ಏ˘ྋᛌ፟ט
ણ҂ֽĈ International DOI Foundation,"The DOI Handbook-Resolution,"May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/resolution.html.
Ğ2ğкࢦྋᛌ
˘࣎ DOI ߏ˘࣎၁វ۞ЩჍĂҭдშྮᒖဩ̚Ă࠹Т۞̰टΞਕົѣк࣎
ኑώĂтңឰֹϡ۰Ξͽפٙѣᝋפ۞֤˘࣎Ă҃ܧΩ˘࣎ĉ˵ಶߏĶዋ
༊ኑώયᗟķĄϫ݈ DOI Ξͽྋᛌ˘࣎ಏ˘۞ᙊҾཱིז̙Т۞ᕇĂΒӣк࣎
URL ă۞ DOI ăྤफ़ᙷݭĂҭયᗟߏтңдֱкᏴፄ̚ડҾᄃՙ ؠĉ DOI ۞ᆧΐߏֶፂڇચ۰ᅮՐĂགྷϤֹϡ۰Ğֹϡ۰۞ᑕϡహវğĂଂ˘࣎
DOI זٙࢋՐ۞পؠڇચ˯Ğኛણ҂ဦαğĄ
ဦαĈ DOI кࢦྋᛌ፟ט
ણ҂ֽĈ International DOI Foundation,"The DOI Handbook- Numbering,"May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/enumeration.html
ͽ CrossRef ࠎּĞтဦ̣ğĂֹϡ۰Ϊࢋഫᇾொז DOIs ۞˯͞Ăӈົ
ன˭ٛᏴಏĂ೩ֹֻϡ۰Ᏼፄٙࢋాඕ۞၆෪ĂтĈБ͛ăၡࢋăྚᛖྤफ़ăۍ ᝋăഇΏ۞ྚᛖྤफ़ඈĄ[18]
ဦ̣Ĉ CrossRef ۞кࢦྋᛌ
ྤफ़ֽĈ CrossRef,"Multiple resolution Demo,"Retrieved June 4, 2003, from http://www.crossref.
org/mr/index.html.
3.ೡĞྚᛖྤफ़ğ[19]
˘۞ᙊҾቅфҚΞͽШ˘࣎၁វĂт˘Қ ISBN1-900512-44-0 Ξͽ జᄮؠߏ˘ώ३ĂΞߏזغߏࣹ˘ώ३Ăಶᅮࢋߤዦྚᛖྤफ़Ą
DOI ྚᛖྤफ़߆ඉՙؠྚᛖྤफ़ϤĶ८͕ķĞKernelğؼҩ۞Ķᑕϡڇ ચķĞApplication ProfilesĂᖎჍ APsğĂᖎಏֽᄲĂ८͕ߏΞͽۢ DOI ٙᙊ Ҿ၁វࠎңĂߏՏ࣎ DOI υ౯۞Ă೩ֻ̈ቑಛ۞ྤੈĂឰЇңྤౌΞͽ ВֳĄ APs ߏ೩ֻᗝγ۞ྤੈĂٙѣ۞ DOI-APs ౌΒӣ८͕ొ̶Ăтဦ̱۞
AP10 AP27 ౌߏߙপؠྚᛖྤफ़ॾёĂҭιࣇВѣ८͕ొ̶Ą
[18] CrossRef, "Multiple resolution Demo," Retrieved June 4, 2003, from http://www.crossref.org/mr/
index.html.
[19] International DOI Foundation, "The DOI Handbook- metadata," May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/metadata.html.
ဦ̱Ĉ DOI-APs ࠰Βӣ८͕ొ̶
ྤफ़ֽĈ Norman Paskin,"DOI,"Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://dx.doi.org/10.1000/237.
DOI ८͕ྚᛖྤफ़Ҝтܑ˘ĂΞଂොΊ͕̚פ XML schema Ą
ܑ˘Ĉ DOI ८͕ྚᛖྤफ़Ҝ
८͕Ҝ ೡ ᇴณ ඕၹ0̯ధ۞ࣃ
DOI Application Profile DOI ٙଳϡ۞ AP ЩჍ Ҍ͌ 1 ࣎ ̏ොΊ۞ AP ЩჍ
DOI ᙊҾྤ۞ DOI Ϊਕ 1 ࣎ Any DOI
Identifier ᙊҾѩྤ۞˘ቅ Ҍ͌ 1 ࣎Ğ Їңфϓᄃᇴфཱིၹј۞фҚ֭
Ğтֽࣧ̏хд۞በቅğ тڍхд˘ ΒӣᙊҾཱིᙷݭĞтĈISBN, ISSN,
࣎ğ UPC, Publisher Product Numberğ˵ѣΞ ਕߏֽҋΩ˘࣎ AP ۞ DOI
Title ѩྤٙజሢۢ۞ЩჍ Ҍ͌ 1 ࣎Ğ Їңфϓᄃᇴфཱིၹј۞фҚ
тڍхд˘
࣎ğ
Structural Type ѩྤ۞ࢋඕၹᙷݭ 1 ̯ధ۞ࣃĈӔனᙷٕপّĈ Tangible
Fixation (Physical) Intangible Fixation (Digital) Performance (Spatial Temporal) Abstraction (Abstract) Restricted Type
(Restricted)*
Mode ѩྤజຏۢ۞ຏᛇԛё Ҍ͌ 1 ࣎ ̯ధ۞ࣃĈ Visual, Audio, Audiovisual, Abstract, Restricted Mode
Primary Agent (s) ѩྤࢋநˠ۞ЩჍ Ҍ͌ 1 ࣎ ֽҋ iDD ᄮΞ۞ᙊҾཱིٕЩჍ The
ٕᙊҾཱིĂ఼૱ҭ̙˘ؠ specification of what constitutes a Primary ߏ౹ү۰ Agent for any given AP must be declared,
but is at the discretion of an RA
Primary Agent RoleĞsğ ࢋநˠ۞֎Ғ 1 זк ֽҋ iDD ᄮΞ۞ଠט۞ቅٕЩჍĞтĈ
Author, Publisher, Editorğ
ણ҂ֽĈ International DOI Foundation,"The DOI Handbook- metadata,"May 2003, Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/metadata.html.
4.߆ඉĞPolicyğ[20]
߆ඉࢋߏᄲځϫ݈ IDF ϫ݈ྻү͞ёĂͽ̈́ϫ݈ࢦࢋ߆ඉĂ၆ߙֱ͞ࢬ
˵ົྎଣĂтĈ DOI ᄃྤफ़ม۞ాඕă DOI ۞ֹϡࢨטăଵϋّă˳
ّăপّăۏІ۞ડăᙊҾቅăྚᛖྤफ़ͽ̈́ DOI ۞ֹϡĄࢋߏࠎ˞ቁ
ܲ DOI ̝ྻүਕૉϖ˳̙តĄ
)ˬ*DOI ր̝ྻү
DOI րྻүᄃᑕϡ͞ёт˭Ĉ[21] [22]
1. Տ࣎ົࣶۍۤࠎٙۍ۞Տ˘ᇴҜྤफ़ĞΞਕߏ˘ώ३̚۞˘࣎ౢ༼ٕ
ߏߙ˘ቔഇΏ͛ౢĂՀࠤٕߏߙ˘࣎ဦͯᑫğĂበᄦ˘࣎ӣѣۍۤώ֗
DOI prefix ۞ DOI Ă֭ܢΐז͛ᚥྚᛖྤफ़ URL ˯Ăтѩ DOI ј ࠎᇴҜྤफ़۞˘ొЊĂؕᄃྍᇴҜྤफ़ВхĄ
2. Տ࣎ DOI ࡔᐂᄃྍᇴҜྤफ़۞ URL ྤੈ˘జਖ਼ـ DOI ොΊ͕̚ྤफ़ ऱĂซҖ൳ᄃᐼхĄ DOI хд DOI ր̚Ăྚᛖྤफ़Ωγхдྚᛖྤ
फ़ྤफ़ऱĞMetaData Database ĂᖎჍ MDDBğĄĞણ֍ဦ˛ğ
3. ༊ֹϡ۰ವԱ˘࣎ᇴҜྤफ़ăٕѣᙯ˘ྤफ़۞࠹ᙯྤੈĂ DOI ߤྙᅮՐ ಶົజ็ਖ਼ז DOI ྋᛌጡ፟Ą
4. DOI ྋᛌ፟Ӏϡ Handle System ፟טĂ URL ਖ਼аගֹϡ۰ᕱᜓጡ֭
ඕڍពϯගֹϡ۰ĄĞણ֍ဦˣğ
5. ༊ۍۤயݡۍᝋᖼឰٕॡĂӈߙ˘ᇴфྤफ़۞Ҝཉ൴Ϡ˞ត̼Ă
ྍۍۤᑕ˘ྤफ़Լត۞ྤੈਖ਼ז DOI րĂྍրົҋજՀາĂܲ
ྤੈ۞ԆፋĄ
[20] International DOI Foundation, "DOI Handbook- Policy," Retrieved August 14, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/policies.html.
[21] Тො 7 Ą
[22] Miriam Blake, "Implementation of OpenURL and SFX in a Digital Library," February 2002, Retrieved May 10, 2002, from http://www.whiteroom.com.au/vala/Vala2002v2.ppt.
ဦ˛ĈොΊ DOI ྤफ़
ྤफ़ֽĈ Norman Paskin,"Overview DOI System,"Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://dx.doi.org/
10.1000/210.
ဦˣĈ DOI ྋᛌ፟ט
ྤफ़ֽĈ Miriam Blake,"Implementation of OpenURL and SFX in a Digital Library," February 2002, Retrieved May 10, 2002, from http://www.whiteroom.com.au/vala/Vala2002v2.ppt.
ˬă ᇴҜۏІᙊҾቅր۞ྻүᄃᑕϡ
)˘*IDF
IDF ߏ˘࣎ܧᒉӀّ̳ΦĂࢋࠎ൴णᄃგந DOI րĂҋ 1998 ѐјϲͽ
ֽు႙ޙϲ࠹ᙯ߆ඉᄃ፟טĂ൴ण߿જΞଂဦ˝࠻[23]Ăฟؕ۞ᑕϡ൴ण ߏଂ DOI ۞ಏ˘ྋᛌฟؕĂ˵ಶߏ˘࣎ DOI ၆ߍז˘࣎ URL Ăߏ IDF ۞ࢵࢋ
ღާЇચĄдܐഇᑕϡԆјޢĂତ˭ֽТॡซҖІְĈԆБᑕϡĞӣкࢦྋᛌ ᄃྚᛖྤफ़۞ކӘğĂͽ̈́ᄃטࢎ࠹ᙯᇾ۞ᖐүღ۞ᓑᘭĄԆБᑕϡ Βӣкࢦྋᛌᄃྚᛖྤफ़۞ކӘĂдྚᛖྤफ़͞ࢬĞኛણဦ˩ğĂܐഇА൴ण
Ϊѣ८͕ྚᛖྤफ़۞"Zero Application Profile"Ă̝ޢࢎؠΞᕖ· APs Ăֶፂ APs ೩ֻՀк۞ΐࣃڇચĄ
ဦ˝Ĉ IDF ൴ण߿જ
ྤफ़ֽĈ International DOI Foundation,"DOI Handbook- The International DOI Foundation
"Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/governance.html.
ဦ˩Ĉ DOI ྚᛖྤफ़۞൴ण
ྤफ़ֽĈ "Workshops on DOI: Metadata,"Retrieved June 10, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/doi_
presentations/dec2000/metadata/Workshop_Metadata.ppt.
[23] International DOI Foundation, "DOI Handbook- The International DOI Foundation," Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/governance.html.
IDF ߏϤְົయგநĂົࣶјࣶΒ߁ĈĞ1ğ̂ݭࢰሄăπࢬᇆညăᇃ ᇫăቢ˯າჷăహវă̰टயຽ۞ۍથćĞ2ğ˯யຽ۞ԫఙֻᑕથć Ğ3ğ˯யຽ۞םົܑćĞ4ğშᅫშྮࡊԫ̳ΦćĞ5ğܑүछă൪छăဦ ३ᐡăֹϡ۰۞ᖐćĞ6ğ߆ع࠹ᙯొܝćĞ7ğშྮ˯߆ڼăགྷᑻٕۤົ
ˠ͛ࢦࢋ፟ၹĄ[24] ົ̶ࣶࠎα࣎ඈ৺Ğ* ܑ˵ߏ IDF ۞ְົјࣶğĈ[25] [26]
1. ௐ˘৺ߏ౹ؕົࣶĞCharter MembersğĂјࣶѣ Association of American Publishers* ă British Library ă Elsevier Science* ă International Publishers Association* ă John Wiley & Sons* ă McGraw-Hill, Educational and Professional Publishing Group* ă Springer Verlag* Ą
2. ௐ˟৺ߏොΊ͕̚ົࣶĞRegistration Agencies MembersğĂѣ Content Directions, Inc.* ă CrossRef* ă Enpia Systems Co., Ltd. ă Learning Objects Network Inc.* ă Copyright Agency Limited* ඈĂᅮϤ IDF ᄮᙋ̖ҖĄ 3. ௐˬ৺ߏ˘ਠົࣶĞGeneral MembersğĂྵۢЩ۞ѣ American Chemical
Society ă Cambridge University Press ă Copyright Clearance Center* ă Hewlett-Packard Company* ă IEEE ă Microsoft Corporation* ă Joel Baron Associates* ă OCLC Online Computer Library Center Inc.ă Publishers Licensing Society ă Wolters Kluwer International Health & Science ඈĂΪࢋ
ѣᎸӈΞણΐĄ
4. ௐα৺ߏܢᛳົࣶĞAffiliates MembersğĂѣ Adobe Systems Inc.Ăѩົ
ࣶ̙ԸைᝋĄ
ܑ˟ӈࠎ 2003 ѐЧ৺ົࣶ̝ѐ[27]Ă౹ؕົࣶࠎ 70,000 ࡚ܛĂࡶགྷϤ IDF ᄮᙋ̝ොΊ͕̚ĂՏѐᅮᘳϹ 35,000 ࡚̮Ą
[24] Тො 7 Ą
[25] International DOI Foundation, "DOI Foundation Members," 2 May 2003, Retrieved June 10, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/idf-member-list.html.
[26] International DOI Foundation, "The DOI Handbook: The International DOI Foundation," May 2003, Retrieved June 10, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/handbook_2000/governance.html.
[27] Т˯ොĄ
ܑ˟Ĉ IDF ົࣶѐĞ2003 ѐğ
ົ ࣶ ᆸ ৺ ѐ
౹ؕົࣶĞCharter Membersğ $US 70,000Ğૄܛົྤ۰ࠎ 40,000ğ
ොΊ͕̚ົࣶĞRegistration Agencies Membersğ $US 35,000
˘ਠົࣶĞGeneral Membersğ $US 35,000
ܢᛳົࣶĞAffiliates Membersğ $US 5,000 per working group
)˟*ොΊ͕̚
[28]ොΊ͕̚ĞRegistration Agenciesğࢋ۞Їચߏ၆ොΊ۰೩ֻڇચĈ̶੨ DOI prefix ăොΊ DOI ăͽ̈́೩ֻυࢋ۞న౯ĂឰොΊ۰Ξͽ൳ᐂჯ᜕ྚᛖ
ྤफ़ᄃېၗྤफ़Ăߏࢋ೩ֻ prefix ොΊ۞ಏҜĂΪѣд՟ѣዋ༊۞ොΊ͕̚Ă
ٕߏдീྏॡĂ̖ΞͽۡତШ IDF ϦኛĄ[29] ϫ݈ DOI ۞ොΊ͕̚Вѣ˛࣎Ă CrossRef ă Content Directions ă Enpia Systems ă Learning Objects Network ă Copyright Agency Ltd.ă TSOĞThe Stationery Officeğᄃ MEDRA Ăٙஉᄏ۞
ቑಛтܑˬĄ
ොΊ͕̚υื೩ֻ֖ૉ۞щБ፟טĂΪឰѣᝋࢨ۞ˠซˢჯ᜕ྚᛖྤफ़ᄃې
ၗྤफ़Ą༊ොΊ͕̚˵ࢋႽณଯᇃ DOI ۞ᑕϡĂ֭ᄃ IDF Ъү൴ण DOI ր
ĄොΊ͕̚˵ΞͽᏴፄߏӎ೩ֻ DOI ڇચගොΊ۰ĂΪࢋᏲч IDF ۞߆ ඉӈΞĂֱڇચΞਕΒ߁ЇңΐࣃڇચĂтྤफ़ă̰टٕۍᝋგநĂ˵ΞͽӀ ϡιࣇٙќะ۞ྚᛖྤफ़൴णڇચĄ
IDF ϫ݈ϒдᄃ˘ֱΞਕ۞ DOI ොΊ͕̚םથĂͽ൴ण DOI ොΊ͕̚შ
ྮրĄϫ݈າјϲ۞ොΊ͕̚ߏ mEDRAĞthe Multilingual European DOI Registration AgencyğĂయཌྷ̂Ӏăᇇ઼ăڱ઼ҘͰඈг۞ DOI ොΊᄃڇ ચĂٺ 2003 ѐ 7 ͡ 1 ͟ϒёјࠎ DOI ොΊ͕̚Ă֭ٺ 11 ͡ϒёྻүĄ mEDRA ߏϤ̣࣎ᖐЪүٙјϲ۞̳ΦĞcompanyğĂΒ߁ AIE Ăཌྷ̂Ӏۍ
[28] International DOI Foundation, "Registration Agencies," Retrieved May 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/registration_agencies.html.
[29] ୧ഠ̰टΞ֍Ĉ"Request a DOI Prefix: Terms and Conditions of Use," 20 Nov. 2002, Retrieved June 4, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/terms.html.
۰םົć MVB Ăᇇ઼ۍ۰םົ۞̳Φćᇇᄬ۞ ISBN ͕̚ć SNE Ăڱ઼
ۍ۰םົć Editrain ćҘͰۍڇચ̳Φćͽ̈́ CINECA Ăཌྷ̂Ӏԫఙ೩ֻ
۰ĂϤ 18 ٙཌྷ̂Ӏ̂ጯᓑЪјĄ[30]
ܑˬĈ DOI ොΊ͕̚˘ᜓܑ
ොΊ͕̚ĞRAğ ᑕϡڇચƟஉᄏቑಛ
CrossRef * ࡊጯഇΏ͛ᚥᄃ࠹ᙯᅳા
Content Directions * DOI ᑕϡ۞Ꮩྙ
* ᄃ̰टგநăᇴҜۍᝋᇄથЪү
* ৽ώ/̄३ăᗔᄫăಡ৽
* ͯ/ᇆညĞಏૺͯăᇆăᐂᇆğ
* ࢰሄăᓏࢰ
* ቢ˯ጯ௫ĞጯҜٕጯҜିֈĈK-12 ă̂ጯăࡁտٙă дᖚซ࣒ă֗ጯ௫ğ
* ၁វயݡྤੈăበϫă B2B ྤੈ
* ᗁጯᐂ/ྤफ़ऱᐂ Enpia Systems * ᔹ͛
Learning Objects Network * ጯ௫ۏІĞֻିֈቚГֹϡ۞ᇴҜีϫğ
Copyright Agency Ltd. * ৵Մ۞ధΞĂֽҋ۰ăາჷ۰ăෛᛇᘹఙछăᛷᇆ रăͽ̈́ಡ৽ăᗔᄫဦ३ۍ۰
TSO (The Stationery Office) * ࡻ઼ຑႬᜋ۞ء͞გநొܝ
mEDRA * შྮ͛І۞ϖ˳͔ϡր
* ംᇊੑய၁វม۞ᙯాᖸ
* ڱؠхᙋځĂΒ߁̄ॡᕕĞTime Stampingğᇴ Ҝᘪౢ
ྤफ़ֽĈ International DOI Foundation,"Registration Agencies,"Retrieve July 19, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/registration_agencies.html.
ၟҌ 2003 ѐ 7 ͡ 1 ͟ࠎͤ[31]ĂВѣ 307 ࣎ᖐϦኛ DOI ۞ prefixes Ă
[30] International DOI Foundation, "DOI Registration Agency MEDRA to be launched in Italy, Germany, France and Spain," 6 June, 2003, Retrieved June 10, 2003, from http://www.doi.org/
news/MEDRA-PR-06-06-03.pdf.
[31] International DOI Foundation, "DOI Prefix Holders," 1 July, 2003, Retrieved August 14, 2003,
тĈ Academic Press ă Acoustical Society of America ă Acoustical Society of Japan ă American Association of Physicists in Medicine ă American Chemical Society ă Cambridge University Press ă EBSCO Publishing ă Elsevier ă IBM Technical Journals ă IEEE Computer Society ă Japanese Circulation Society ă Korea Database Promotion Center ă The McGraw-Hill Companies ă Taylor &
Francis Ltd.ă The Royal Society ඈඈĂஉᄏ઼छੵ˞઼࡚ăࡻ઼γĂᔘΒ߁Ĉ
͟ώăԓᘷăᇇ઼ăཌྷ̂Ӏăگᜋă༄ăາΐă፫߷ăΐो̂ăڱ઼ăҘ
Ͱăଥҹă༄̀ăॗރඈĄ
ͽ˭ಶ DOI ௐ˘࣎ොΊ͕̚ CrossRef ࠎּĂᄲځྻү፟טĄ
)ˬ*CrossRef / DOI ྻү፟ט
CrossRef ۞ࢋЇચߏд̄ᒖဩ̚Ăјࠎٙѣጯఙྤੈ͔ϡాඕ۞Ă CrossRef ̙֭ᐼхБ͛Ă҃ߏӀϡ DOI ፟טĂֹࡁտ۰Ξͽాඕણ҂͔ϡ҃פ ϡజ͔ϡ͛ᚥĄд 2000 ѐܐĂೀ࣎͵ࠧۢЩ۞ጯఙۍۤјϲ˘࣎ܧᒉӀّă
ϲ۞ᖐĂ Publishers International Linking Association, Inc.ĞPILAğĂయྻ
үგந CrossRef ĂநְົјࣶΒ߁ĈAAASĞScienceğă AIP ă ACM ă APAă Blackwell Publishers ă Elsevier Science ă IEEE ă Kluwer ă Nature ă OUP ă Sage ă Springer ᄃ Wiley ඈĄ CrossRef ߏௐ˘࣎೩ֻЪүણ҂ాඕڇચ۞
ᖐĄ[32]ၟҌ 2003 ѐ 8 ͡ 6 ͟ࠎͤĂ CrossRef ົࣶВѣ 234 ࣎ۍۤă 120 ࣎ ဦ३ᐡă 27 ࣎ົࣶᄃ 9 ࣎நથĂВѣ 8,169 ഇΏă 8,374,319 ඊࡔᐂĂ 7
͡ॡВѣ 3,544,540 ࣎ DOI ྋᛌĄ[33] ௐ 1,000 ༱࣎ DOI ቅ˵ଂ CrossRef ൴
Ą
CrossRef ۞ྻү፟טтဦ˩˘ĂՏ࣎ົࣶۍۤޙϲ˘࣎Βӣҋ̎ DOI prefix ۞ DOI ĂΐזྍഇΏኢ͛۞ྚᛖྤफ़ᄃ URL Ăٙѣ۞ࡔᐂυืЪ XML DTD ॾёĂԆјޢԲѨਖ਼Ҍ CrossRef ۞ MDDB Ă CrossRef ົՏඊ DOI ̈́၆ߍ۞ URL ොΊдะ̚ё۞ DOI ϫᐂĄΩ˘͞ࢬĂۍۤ˵Βӣд
from http://www.doi.org/prefix_holders.html.
[32] Crossref.org, "crossref.org: History/mission" in, 4 June, 2003, Retrieved June 4, 2003, from http://www.crossref.org/01company/02history.html.
[33] Crossref.org, "crossref.org: newsletter," 4 August, 2003, Retrieved August 14, 2003, from http://www.crossref.org/01company/10newsletter.html.
ՏቔഇΏኢ͛۞ણ҂͔ϡගણ҂३ϫྋᛌጡĂјࠎ MDDB ۞˘ొЊĂͽ೩ֻ
DOI ۞ߤྙĄۍۤΞͽ̏ොΊ۞ CrossRef ాඕಷˢЇң˘ቔ͛ౢ۞͔ϡĂ тѩĂֹϡ۰ಶΞͽགྷϤ DOI ྋᛌրĂߤྙഇΏ͛ᚥ̈́ࢋՐЧڇચ˞Ą[34]
ဦ˩˘Ĉ CrossRef / DOI ྻү፟ט
ྤफ़ֽĈ Amy Brand, "CrossRef Turns One," D-Lib Magazine 7 Ĉ 5 ĞMay 2001ğ, Retrieved June 4, 2003, from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may01/brand/05brand.html.
)α*DOI ۞ᑕϡ
1.পঅᑕϡĈણ҂ాඕĞReference Linkingğ
ాඕ۞ໄهҋٺ BushĞ1945ğ[35] ז Nelson ̈́ Engelbart ۞͛І ĞHypertextğĂޢҌ Berners-Lee БྤੈშĞWorld Wide WebğాඕĄ[36]
DOI ೩ֻ˘࣎ϖ˳˘ّ۞Щфឰ͔זྤᄃ၁វĂ˭˘ՎߏӀϡ DOI д
࣎၁វมޙϲ˘࣎ϖ˳̙ត۞ాඕ፟טĂߏϲӈͅᑕăҋજ۞ĂΞͽᕖ̈́זЇ ңྤᙷݭ̈́ᑕϡĂޙϲд˘࣎ฟٸ۞ᙊҾཱིĂ֭टధϏֽ۞ᕖ·ّĄ၆
[34] Amy Brand, "CrossRef Turns One," D-Lib Magazine 7 Ĉ 5 (May 2001), Retrieved June 4, 2003, from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may01/brand/05brand.html.
[35] Vannevar Bush, "As we may think," The Atlantic Monthly 176:1 (July 1945), pp. 101-108, Retrieved April 10, 2003, from http://www.theatlantic.com/unbound/flashbks/computer/bushf.htm.
[36] John Markoff, "Fast-Changing Genie Alters the World," New York Times (Dec 11 2000), p. C1.
ᇹ۞ాඕѣ̷ّ࢝۞Ăߏд̄ᒖဩ̚ĂጯఙഇΏ˯۞͛ᚥ͔ϡాඕĄ[37]
ણ҂ྤాඕߏ˘࣎˘ਠّෟຉĂ۞ߏଂ˘࣎ྤੈۏІాඕזΩ˘࣎Ăѩ
˘ాඕΞਕனдЧ̙Т۞̰͛ĂΒӣଂۍݡ۞͔ϡĞCitationsğזߙү ݡăֽҋϫᐂٕ३ϫ۞͔ăͽ̈́གྷϤ̄ฎІٕ˾ᐝ˯ܧϒё۞͔็྿ඈĄ
[38]
఼૱۰ౌົຐࢋଂ˘࣎̄ԛё۞͔ϡۡତזజ͔ϡഇΏٕഇΏኢ͛۞
̄ۍĂ͔࣎ϡΞਕனдЇңг͞Ăтቢ˯ϫᐂăቢ˯৶͔ăٕ˘ቔቢ˯͛ф
۞ણ҂३ϫĄͽ˘࣎ᖎಏ۞ּֽ̄ᄲĂֹϡ۰Ξਕଂ˘͔࣎ϡז˘࣎
URL Ăֶ֭ѩాඕז˘ቔშྮ˯۞͛ᚥĄֽ҃к۞ଐԛݒ̙ߏᇹᖎ ಏâ̰࣎ಷٺ͔ϡ۞ᙊҾཱིΞਕߏᖞѣٕ࿅ॡ۞Ğout of dateğĂజ͔ϡ۞ۏІ Ξਕд֨ͫᒒ̝ޢĂٕΪਕགྷϤ˘ֹ࣎ϡ̰ొᙊҾቅĞPurely Internal Identifiersğ
۞ቢ˯ڇચ̖ਕᒔĄᙊҾቅΞਕߏมତ͔זĂт DOI ĂࢋՐགྷϤ˘࣎ྋ ᛌڇચĞResolver ServiceğĄ҃Հኑᗔ۞યᗟߏĂజ͔ϡ۞ۏІΞਕѣ˘ాҚ۞
ઘώٕۍώхдĂົᇆᜩֹϡ۰тң֤ۢ˘̖࣎ߏజᝋֹϡ۞Ą[39]
д 1999 ѐϤ NIS ᇴҜဦ३ᐡᓑ༖ĞDigital Library Federation ĂᖎჍ DLFğᓑЪᓝᏱᙯٺણ҂ాඕ۞ࡁົ̚Ă೩ᙊҾቅăྚᛖྤफ़ᄃߤྙրͽ
̈́ྋᛌߏྋՙણ҂ాඕ۞ࢦࢋᛉᗟĄ[40] дТѐ̱͡۞ௐ˟Ѩົᛉ̚Ă IDF ॲፂ ௐ˘Ѩົᛉඕኢޙϲ˘࣎ણ҂ాඕྤफ़ऱᗖԛրĂ֭ᄃᙊҾྤफ़ऱፋЪĂ۰
࠰ଳϡ CNRI ۞ԫఙ[41]Ă֭ٺ 2000 ѐ crossRef ᄃ SFX Ъү೩ DOI - CrossRef - SFX - OpenURL ۞၁រಡӘ[42]Ăពϯ DOI дણ҂ాඕᑕϡ۞൴ण
ّĄ
[37] Norman Paskin, "DOI: Current Status and Outlook," D-Lib Magazine 5:5 (May 1999), Retrieved April 10, 2003, from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may99/05paskin.html.
[38] Priscilla Caplan, "Reference Linking for Journal Articles," D-Lib Magazine 5:7 (August 1999), Retrieved March 15, 2003, from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july99/caplan/07caplan.html.
[39] NISO, "Linkage Workshop: First workshop on linkage from citations to electronic journal litera- ture," Retrieved April 15, 2003, from http://www.niso.org/news/events_workshops/linkge.html.
[40] Т˯ොĄ
[41] NISO, "Report of the Second Workshop on Linkage from Citations to Journal Literature"
Retrieved April 15, 2003, from http://www.niso.org/news/events_workshops/linkrept.html.
[42] NISO, "NISO/DLF/CrossRef Workshop on Localization in Reference Linking, " 24 July 2000, Retrieved June 1, 2003, from http://www.niso.org/news/events_workshops/CNRI-mtg.html.
2. ˘ਠّᑕϡĈ̰टგந
дপঅᑕϡтણ҂ాඕ̝γĂ DOI Ξͽࠎ˘࣎ฟٸّᑕϡޙϲ˘࣎॰ߛĂ DOI ຍဦֹ̰टგநՀࠎटٽѣड़Ąซ˘ՎֽᄲĂྤੈ۞გநຍקϹٽ۞ᖎ
̼ĄϹٽ൴ϠдˬІְϹ̢үϡ۞ඕڍĈۏІĞϹٽ۞၆෪ğăˠĞซҖϹٽ۞
༊ְˠğăͽ̈́םᛉĞϹٽ۞୧ഠğĂᅮࢋ˘࣎ВТ۞॰ߛᄃෟຉͽ྿ז఼̢
ّĄ IDF ᄃ INDECS ӈࢍ൪Ъү൴ण͚೯̄થચ۞ВТྚᛖྤफ़॰ߛĂ
࣎॰ߛົײΨ˘࣎˘۞ᙊҾĞΒӣംᇊੑயă༊ְˠםᛉğүࠎ८͕Ă DOI
Ξ྿זѩ˘ϫ۞[43]ĂޢซҖ̄થચ̚ЧีүຽĄ
αă DOI ࠹ᙯᛉᗟଣ
࿅͛ᚥଣăፋந̈́छጯ۰۞ణኘĂώౢᑢ੫၆ DOI ࠹ᙯ۞ᛉᗟซҖ
̶ژᄃଣĂΒ߁ DOI ր۞൴णă DOI րᄃဦ३ᐡăۍથ۞ᙯܼ̈́ DOI րෞᆊඈĄ
)˘*DOI ր൴णᛉᗟ
ώ༼ࢋдଣ DOI ր൴ण̝࠹ᙯᛉᗟĂஉᄏԫఙࢬᄃ߆ඉࢬ̈́ۤົ
ඕၹࢬĄ 1. DOI۞ᆊࣃ
DOI ߏ˘࣎дᇴҜᒖဩ̚೩఼ֻ̢ᙊҾᄃϹೱംᇊੑய፟ט۞րĂᆊࣃ
˜дඕЪ˞ዋ̷۞ྋᛌநăѣຍཌྷ۞ྚᛖೡ̈́ޫ༊۞߆ඉĄ
ٙᏜዋ̷۞ྋᛌந˜ߏдྋᛌந˯Ă֭ܧ˘ਠ۞ಏ˘ྋᛌĂ҃ߏ̯ధ кࢦྋᛌĄЯࠎтڍߏಏ˘ྋᛌдྋᛌநॡĂΪົயϠ˘ඕڍĂೱήྖ
ᄲĂᏮˢ˘࣎ DOI ᙊҾཱིĂΪΞז˘࣎ᏮඕڍĄЯѩĂ˵ΪਕநĞүğ
˘ІְĄтڍ̯ధкࢦநâ࣎ DOI ᙊҾཱིӈΞѣк࣎ᏮඕڍĂ҃ਕેҖ ధк̙Т۞̍үĄּтߙ࣎ˠдछ྆࿅შᅫშྮᑭ৶זߙ˘ώ̄३Ăᄃଂဦ ३ᐡᑭ৶זྍώ̄३Ăᔵ DOI ౌ࠹ТĂҭߏٙז۞ඕڍΞਕ̙˘ᇹĄд छ྆ĂΞਕЯࠎ՟ѣᔉ෴Ăٙͽڱᒔྍ̄३ĂҭΞਕົጱ͔Ҍߙ࣎३થშ ৭ĂซҖଳᔉҖࠎĄдဦ३ᐡĂЯࠎ̏ѣֹϡᝋĂٙͽΞͽۡତ࿅შྮдཝ
˯ᕱᜓĄ༊Ă̙Тဦ३ᐡΞਕົѣ̙Тݭၗ۞ֹϡᝋĄЯѩĂѣ˞кࢦྋᛌĂ
[43] Тො 37 Ą
ಶΞͽЯ̙Тᒖဩ҃ѣ̙Т۞நଐԛĞڇચğĂ˵Я҃Ξͽѣ̙ТᆸѨ̈́кᇹ
۞ܢΐᆊࣃڇચĄ
ٙᏜѣຍཌྷ۞ྚᛖೡ˜ߏ DOI ᙊҾཱིώ֗ӈኬ̟̂ณ۞ྤੈᄃాඕĂ Ξֹ۰ۡତాඕזۍݡ۞ώ֗Ă̙҃Ϊߏۍݡ۞ᙊҾཱི҃̏Ąֱ DOI
۞ೡྤੈΞֹᑕϡրͽ˞ྋזྍ DOI ۞࠹ᙯྤੈĂͽܮซҖЧҖ જăڇચĄᖎ֏̝Ăߙ˘পؠ DOI ਕѣ̦ᆃᇹ۞ΑਕĂтңგநౌдѩྚᛖ
ྤफ़̚ѣྎႽ۞ೡᄲځĄ
ٙᏜޫ༊۞߆ඉ˜ߏᅮࢋ˘इ߆ඉᄃგந͞ёĂ೩ֻЧڱఢƟఢቑᄃ፟
טͽܮซҖ၁ᅫ۞ྻүĄѩ˘ሀёಶтТ ISBN ٕܫϡΙ۞ྻүĄ 2.߆ඉࢬ̈́ۤົඕၹࢬ
т˯ٙĂ၁ᅫրྻүॡĂ߆ඉᄃ፟ט̈́ፋ࣎ۤົඕၹߏѣ࠹༊̂۞ᇆ ᜩĄ˫Яࠎፋវ DOI րྻүሀёᄃ็۞ ISBN ගཱི፟טĂٕܫϡΙྻү͞
ёߏԆБ̙˘ᇹĄԼតࠎ˘̙ాᜈăྯё۞ԼតĂ˵ಶߏ˘ቑ۞ᖼ
ொĄдѩቑᖼொ˭Ăፋ࣎ᖐඕၹă̼͛ăგநăᆊࣃඈืࢦາؠཌྷ[44]Ă
֭ͷົЯࠎᝋӀᄃӀৈ۞યᗟ҃யϠ˘ֱ߆ڼҖࠎ[45]Ąдѩቑᖼொ˭Ă DOI րтңѣड़۞БሹҶཉጱˢ̈́ᑕϡߏᙯܼ DOI րјΑᙯᔣЯ৵̝˘Ą
[46]
఼૱͔ซٕ၁߉Аซྤੈࡊԫ/րॡĂΞ̶јα࣎ล߱[47]ċາԫఙƟր
̝ቁᄮăາԫఙƟր̝ጯ௫ᄃଳϡăາԫఙƟր̝ѣड़გந̈́າԫఙƟր
̝Бࢬଯᇃٕ̱࣎ॡഇ[48]Ĉୁؕഇăଳϡഇăዋᑕഇăତצഇăֹϡഇ̈́Ꮙˢ ഇĞણ҂ဦ˩˟ᄃဦ˩ˬğĄ࣎ลٕ߱ॡഇߏυืགྷ።۞ĂଘΞࣄӄԆච۞ఢ
[44] Joyce M. Ray, "Search for Tomorrow: The Electronic Records Research Program of the U.S.
National Historical Publications and Records Commission," Journal of Government Information 25:4Ğ1998ğ, pp. 367-373.
[45] ڒڌăૺࠠߐĂIJྤੈր൴ण࿅ֹ̚ϡ۰ᄃྤੈˠࣶ̝߆ڼྼᑚĈ˘࣎ଣ৶ّࡁ
տijĂĮ̋̚გநෞኢįĂ 8:3Ğ2000, ࡌğĄ
[46] Norman Paskin, "DOI: A 2003 Progress Report," D-Lib Magazine 9:6ĞJune 2003ğ, Retrieved Auguest 10, 2003, from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june03/paskin/06paskin.html.
[47] Lynda M Applegate, F. Warren McFarlan, and James L. Mckenney, Corporate Information Systems Management: Text and CasesĞIRWIN: Boston, 1996ğ.
[48] T.Known, and R. Zmud, "Unifying the Fragmented Models of Information Systems Implementation," in Critical Issues in Information System Research (New York: John Wiely &
Sons, 1997).
ထᄃѣड़۞ેҖͽᒺൺॡมĄ
ࠎֹ DOI ր̝၁߉ਕૉึӀ྿јϫᇾĂੵ˞ྤੈࡊԫ۞ԫఙ̝γĂ
ࢦࢋ۞ᛉᗟಶߏᅮࢋ˘࣎Ԇፋ۞੨इନ߉ĂтĈ߆ඉăڱఢăොΊ͕̝̚გந ඈĂͽ̈́ဦ३ᐡăۍથඈ̝੨ЪĄણ੩ࡊԫ͔ซ၁߉̝ล߱ƟॡഇሀёĂ DOI ր̝ଯજآАซҖᗖԛր̝ޙཉĂΒ߁Ĉ൴णበቅᄃྋᛌրăᏴፄᇴ࣎ѣ ຍᙸ̝ۍથᄃဦ३ᐡЪүࢎؠྚᛖྤफ़ă˞ྋဦ३ᐡăۍࠧƟ३થ̝ຐڱͽ טؠ߆ඉᄃఢቑăనཉොΊ͕̝̚ΞҖّඈ̍үĄГซҖ၁ᅫྻүͽҌٺБࢬّ
̝ଯᇃĄѩγĂдᔘ՟ѣˢົॡĂᄂ៉ߏӎΞАҋ̎ගཱིĂܶ၁߉˘߱ॡഇྵᘦ ؠޢĂГҖΐˢޢĂ̪ΞӚЪ઼ᅫ˯۞ DOI րĄ
ဦ˩˟ĈາࡊԫƟր͔ซαล߱ဦ
ဦ˩ˬĈາࡊԫƟր၁߉̱ॡഇဦ
)˟*DOI ᄃဦ३ᐡăۍથ
ତଂဦ३ᐡ̈́ۍથ۞֎ޘ̶ֽژăଣᄃ DOI ր۞ᙯܼ̈́ᛉᗟĄ 1. ဦ३ᐡᄃ DOI ր
ISBN ă ISSN ̈́ ISRC ౌߏ࿅઼छဦ३ᐡֽפĂ֤ᆃ DOI ߏӎ̪Ϥ઼
छဦ३ᐡֽઇĉϺٕϤ߆ع፟ᙯтາჷԊă઼ࡊົČඈĂࠤҌϤϔมಏҜΝ
ેҖĉ઼छ३ϫଠטࢋઇז̦ᆃޘĉ઼छဦ३ᐡᐡᖟ३ϫଠט۞ቑಛࠎңĉ ϔ઼ 78 ѐ 7 ͡Ăฟֹؕϡ ISBN/Bookland EAN ୧ቅĂֹ็۞३ϫଠטԆ ፋĄҭߏז˞னдᇴҜᒖဩॡĂ३ώ۞ԛё̙Гͽ˘ώࠎಏҜĂΞͽ˘ౢă˘
༼ࠎĂྍтңଠטĉ ISBN ߏͽፋώ३ࠎಏҜĂ DOI ߏӎΞͽྋՙ࣎ય ᗟĉϏֽߏӎΞਕͽ ISBN10 ቅĂඕЪ EAN13 ቅĂјࠎ E-ISBN ĉ઼छဦ३ ᐡ۞३ϫଠטࡶߏͽ DOI ࠎĂ֤ᆃߏӎਕည ISBN ˘ᇹјΑĉ
ͽဦ३ᐡڱֽ࠻Ăдௐ˟୧ௐ˟ีځϨܑϯĈဦ३ᐡٙᄓะăፋந̈́ܲх ဦ३ྤੈĂΒ߁Ĉဦ३ăഇΏăಡ৽ăෛྤफ़ă̄ಫវඈۍݡ̈́შྮྤ
Ăߏڇચ̳ிٕপؠ၆෪۞ĄЯѩ઼छဦ३ᐡᖟ۞ԛёᑕΒᘲ༱෪Ăშࢱă ЍჄౌᑕд઼छဦ३ᐡ۞ᖟቑಛ̰ĂٙͽֱᇴҜۏІநᑕֹϡ DOI ͽͧ
ISBN ઇࠎ઼छ३ϫ۞ଠטĄ
ISBN д઼छဦ३ᐡ۞ྻү྆Ăᚯፋ࣎ۍݡ۞გந၆ޙϲ઼छᓁ३ϫ̈́
ဦ३ᐡࠧᄃۍࠧĂѣ˘ؠ۞ᚥ̈́։р۞јड़Ąᔵ DOI րྵ˯Чග
ཱིրՀኑᗔĂͷ઼छဦ३ᐡϫ݈ຽચᓄࢦĂЯѩ DOI րߏӎ̪ߏϤ઼छဦ
३ᐡֽయĉߏΞͽኢ۞ĄҭߏኢтңĂ઼छဦ३ᐡд DOI ր̚˘ؠົ
Էႊᙯᔣ֎ҒĄ
˫ဦ३ᐡੵ˞ֽࣧ၁វဦ३ăഇΏඈ۞ڇચγĂՀߏซˢͽ೩ֻЧᇴҜ̰
टĂ࿅შྮซҖڇચ۞ᇴҜဦ३ᐡॡĄЯѩтңӀϡΐࣃ͞ёĂซҖՀѣड़ த۞ᖐᄃგநĂͽܮೠ೪ЧྤĂֹ۰ਕૉ֝ి۞ᑭ৶זྤੈĂ֭פ
ᇴҜۏІώֳ֗҃צזᐹኳڇચĂ༊ߏဦ३ᐡ۞ࢦࢋኝᗟĄͷֽࣧͽ ISBN ̈́፟
በϫॾёࠎ۞ဦ३ᐡҋજ̼րĂтңд̙ᇆᜩזࣧѣ३ϫྤफ़ᄃր҃ਕ ᄃ DOI րღ۞ඕЪֹϡĂϺࠎဦ३ᐡࠧ۞ࢦࢋኝᗟĄѣ˞ DOI րĂဦ३ ᐡд၆ྤซҖᖐፋந̈́ΐࣃ˯Ăߏӎᄃ็ઇڱѣ̙ٙТ?ਕஉᄏ็၁វ ဦ३ͷ˫ᆧΐ˞ܢΐᆊࣃĉֱયᗟ˵ߏဦ३ᐡࠧٙᙯ͕۞Ą
2. ۍથƟ३થᄃ DOI ր
DOI րࢋߏϤ઼࡚ۍࠧٺ 1994 ѐฟؕ೩࣍ĂҌ 1998 ѐϒёјϲ઼
ᅫّᖐ IDF ͽଯજ DOI րĄЯѩۍથᄃ DOI ր۞ᙯܼ˩̶̷Ą
҃Ăдέ៉۞ଐဩԆБ̙˘ᇹĄЯࠎଂ ISBN ۞Ϧኛֽ࠻Ăለă઼࡚छ̂ొ̶
ߏϤۍથƟ३થඈүࠎந۰Ăֽ೩ֻڇચᄃЧგந፟ט֭ᄃဦ३ᐡࠧЪү ͽซҖ३ϫ̝ޙϲĂͷ၆ۍࠧƟ३થ̈́ဦ३ᐡࠧ۞ҋજ̼րѣٙӄৈĂٙͽ
ۍࠧᄃ ISBN ۞ᙯܼಶޝ̷˞Ąдᄂ៉Ă ISBN ̝ଯજࢋߏϤ઼छဦ३ᐡ
ֽయ೩ֻ֭ͷ̙ืЇңϡĄܐഇۍથ՟ѣЇңрͷҋજ̼ޘ̙ĂЯ ѩϦኛ ISBN ۞ۍથ̙֭ޝᏨĄۡזЯࠎᅮࢋѣ ISBN ३ཱི̖ਕซҖဦ३̝
෴Ăͽ઼̈́छဦ३ᐡ̝̂˧ଯᇃ˭Ăֹ̖ ISBN ̏јࠎۍથ̝ຑĄ ၆ DOI ր҃֏ĂۍથҬͼдඈޞ̦ᆃĉ˘ᙯ͕۞ߏ̄३ٕᇴҜྤ
फ़Ɵ͛ᚥߏӎΞϦኛזᙷҬ ISBN ۞ཱིቅĂͽซҖથຽ෴Ąҭ˵ޝ൏ᇋдᇴҜ ᒖဩ˭Ăࢬᓜ۞ЧયᗟĂтĈᇾયᗟăྤੈԫఙયᗟăംᇊੑயᝋયᗟăќ
યᗟČČඈĄ˫ಶϫֽ݈ᄲĂ ISBN ۞ϦኛߏҺ۞Ă҃ DOI Ϧኛߏࢋ;
۞Ăтѩߏӎົᇆᜩזۍથ۞ϦኛຍᙸĄдᄂ៉Ăߏӎ˵ѣည઼छဦ३ᐡ۞
઼ᅫᇾ३ཱི͕̚೩ֻ ISBN ڇચ۞ොΊֽ͕̚ந DOI ր۞ຽચĄֱય ᗟౌߏۍથࢬᓜ۞યᗟĄ҃Ăֶፂࡁտ۰۞៍၅Ă၁тңឰۍથƟ३થ ၆ DOI ր۞ৌϒ˞ྋĂтĈΑਕăᆊࣃăԫఙăྻү͞ёඈĂ̈́ඕЪဦ३ᐡ
֭ࠧѣߙ˘፟ၹֽ࣍ጱăଯજ̖ߏॲώ̝Ą
)ˬ*DOI ր۞ෞᆊ
ώ༼၆ DOI ր̟ͽଣᄃෞᆊĄ[49] DOI ၆ٙѣԛё۞ۢᙊ̰टౌዋ ϡĂЯѩ၆͛ౢăဦ३ăኝૅ၁រăᇆညဦͯăࢰሄඈЧྤफ़ౌΞซҖాඕă ᑭ৶ĂϤٺ DOI րᜈᖸ͛ᚥϫ݈ҜӬ۞ਕ˧ĂΞͽឰֹϡ۰ۡତଂ
ߙछۍથ۞யݡт३ϫྤफ़ऱٕ͔ϡ͛ᚥాඕזۍથ۞ᇴҜ̼யݡĂт ၡࢋٕБ͛ĄᙊҾཱིրΞͽֹ็۞ᇴҜயݡѣซ˘Վ۞ؼҩਕ˧Ăຍ ӈଂᙊҾཱིΞͽ͔זྤώ֗Ă̙Гߏᐖၗ۞ܑனĂߏ DOI በቅրѣ ᆊࣃ̝Ą
дត̼༱ბ۞̄ۍ͵ࠧ̚ĂϤٺྤफ़ۍᝋٙѣ۰۞Հ࢜ă̄ᑫ۞хٸ Ҝཉត̼ᐛᓄĂ͍дֹϡֱ֤дЧ̝፟มֽаᖼೱ۞͛Іăາۍ۞హវă̙
Тᑫ९ॾё۞ᇴҜ̼ࢰሄүݡăٕགྷ࿅Հາ̰ट۞ࡊጯ͛ౢ̚পҾᅮࢋ˘ԫ ఙĂͽܲᙋᔵజాඕ۞ۍᝋٙѣ۰۞ۍॡมгᕇѣ˞ត̼Ă̪ਕϒቁᄱ гాඕĂ DOI ϒрΞͽ྿ј࣎ᅮՐĂߏι۞Ω˘ีᐹᕇĄ DOI ր̙ҭਕ ࠎۍથ೩ֻ˞˘࣎ߊਕϡٺۍۏ̄ۍᝋ۞̰ొგந፟טĂ˫ਕซҖ̄થ ચ۞ЧีүຽĄι၆͛Іᑭ৶ăைፂϹೱăۍధΞඈ̄ۍ͟૱۞ϹٽԔ ೩ֻ˞ҋજ̼გந۞̍үૄᖂĂ˵ߏ઼࡚ۍ۰םົ̝ٙͽ၆ιܦ༚۞ࢋࣧ
ЯĄ
ಶጯఙࠧ۞៍ᕇ҃֏Ă DOI ᔵѣ˯Е۞পᕇ̈́ᐹّĂҭ Davidson ᄃ Douglas ᄮࠎ DOI րࢋߏࠎ˞ܓЪۍ۰۞ᅮՐ҃טؠ۞Ăͻဦ३ᐡ ጯົ̈́̂ጯдૄܛົវ̰ྻүĂдᇹ۞ᒖဩ˭൴णֽ۞րĂᔵۍ۰
۞ᅮՐဦ३ᐡࠧ۞ᅮՐົѣࢦᝑĂҭߏᔘߏᙱͽஉᄏဦ३ᐡ̝ࠧᅮՐĄѩγι ᔘѣ˭Еޞྋՙ۞યᗟĈ
1. дበቅఢ˯ DOI րΞͽܜ྿ 128 ࣎ф̮Ăљੵ݈ყĞPrefixğ۞ 8 ࣎ ф̮ĂޢყĞSuffixğ۞ 120 ф̮Ξͽؠ 1.8*10192 ࣎ DOI ᙊҾཱིĞЯ Տ˘ф̮ΞͽߏфϓăᇴфཱིٕඈҌ͌ 40 ΞਕğĂ͇࣎͛ᇴфֹన
ࢍ ព ̙ ̷ ၁ ᅫ Ă ͷ Щ ܜ ޘ ͉ ܜ ̙ ٽ ጸ Я ҃ ᙱ ͽ ᑕ ϡ Ă ͽ Publisher Item IdentifierĞPIIğࠎּĂΪѣ 17 ࣎ф̮۞ܜޘĂಶ֖ͽᙊҾ
ۍݡĄॲፂ Paskin Ҥࢍࡗϡ 10~11 ࣎ۏІᙊҾቅಶ֖ͽԆјՏ˘ีۍݡ
۞˘ᙊҾቅĂϫ݈ DOI ۞Щڱ၆րጸវ҃֏ߏ࠹༊۞Ą
[49] Тො 24 Ą
2. Яࠎ DOI րᅮࢋགྷ࿅ොΊ̈́;Ă֭ܧҺֹϡ۞րĂͷ̙̯ధ࣎ˠ
ොΊĂЯѩ̙֭ߏЇңˠౌΞֹϡĄࠎ˞Тॡࣘᜪથຽـֽ̈́ംᇊயᝋ۞ܲ
᜕Ăֱۍથ˵̙ົԯٙѣ۞யݡౌдშᅫშྮᛖĄΩγĂд DOI ր
ય͵̝݈Ă၁˵ѣ۞ଠט͞ёхдĂт IETF ٺ 1993 ѐ 3 ٙ͡೩
۞ URN ࢍ൪Ăֹ DOI ր၆ۍથ۞ࡗՁ˧ត̈ĄГ۰Ă IDF ၆ ણᄃјࣶ۞ᆶ८ᇾ˵࠹༊ᚑॾĂЯѩ˵ֹ̈ݭۍથ̙ᙸГ;ΐˢ DOI րĄౄј DOI ր၆̂ۍથޝѣᑒӄĂΞͽ͚ࣇдშ˯۞થ ຽّϹـă᜕ܲࣇ۞ۢᙊۍᝋĄҭֱۍથϠய۞யݡΪҫშ˯ਕૉᒔ
۞ٙѣྤफ़۞˘ొ̶ĄѩγĂд DOI ր͔ˢ̝݈Ă̂ۍથ۞ྤफ़̏
གྷ࠹၆ͧྵᘦؠĄ၁ᅫ˯Ă URL ۞̙ᘦؠშᅫშྮ˯۞ۍۏͻ˳
ّ۞̂યᗟֽҋֱ՟ѣۡତણᄃ DOI ր۞ۍ۰ĂЯѩშྮ˯
ۍ۞ใԊࢬ̪ڱזѣड़۞ଠטĄ
3. тڍ͉к۞ܧϒఢ۞ۍ፟ၹ˵జ̯ధΐˢז DOI ր̚ĂրѣΞਕЯ ࠎ᎕̂ณ̙хд۞ۏІ۞ᙊҾཱི҃ጱ૪ሚĄҭଂΩ˘࣎֎ޘ࠻Ăтڍ̙
̯ధֱ֤ܧϒఢۍ፟ၹણᄃז DOI ր̚ĂࣇѣΞਕజ࢝ޙϲ˘࣎ᙷ Ҭ۞րĂѣТᇹ۞ΑਕĂҋ̎၆ֱրซҖგநͽܲᙋݡኳĄҭ̙֭
ߏЧᙷݭ۞ۍથౌਕ܅ॡมăܛֽགྷᒉည DOI ᇹ˘࣎ኑᗔ
۞ăᅮࢋ̙ᕝซҖੈिՀາ۞ր۞Ą
4. DOI ࠎۍથ౹ౄ˞˘࣎րâ͞ܮΞͽ᜕ܲۍથҺዎֹϡ۰ᑿϡᇴҜ
ྤफ़҃ᄋצᚑࢦ۞གྷᑻຫεĂ˫Ξͽឰ̳ৈّ߆ඉт̳πֹϡࣧᐡᅫ̢
ࣄඈטޘؼᜈ˭ΝĄҭߏ DOI ѣΞਕӸᘣֹϡ۰၆ۍۏ۞̳ฟᒔפĂЯ ࠎ۰၆ DOI ۞ߤྙĂੵܧᒔᝋᑭ৶Ă̂кᇴז۞ΞਕΪߏЧ
ۍۏ۞ಏĂ҃ܧۡତాඕҌజߤྙ۞ۍۏώ֗Ąтڍბϡ͗൴ன DOI
҃ͅјࠎᒔפྤੈ۞ᅪᘣĂࣇಶѣΞਕ้ШٺΝವԱֱ֤ܧϒё۞͛ᚥֽ
Ăтϫ݈ன۞ֽк۞ҖΏۏᑫĞPreprint ArchivesğĄࠤͷт ARL ĞThe Association of Research Librariesğ۞ SPARCĞThe Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalitionğࢍ൪Ğhttp://arl.cni.org/sparc/ğĂιࣇҋ ҖඕЪ̂ጯăጯఙဦ३ᐡᄃጯఙᖐјϲᓑ༖Ă̙Гצથຽۍ۞ഇΏۍ ۰טĂҋ̎გநጯఙ͛ౢ۞ۍᄃ൴ҖĄٙͽ၆ DOI ົࣶۍથ҃֏Ă
၁ιࣇָ۞ඉரᑕྍߏι۞މ͗Ăтဦ३ᐡࠧ᎕ໂгЪүĂࢦາࢎؠ
DOI ր۞߆ඉĂтĈˢົ୧Іăฟٸޘăበቅॾёăᑭ৶ᝋࢨඈĄ
̣ă ඕኢᄃޙᛉ
ॲፂ͛ᚥ̶ژ̈́ώࡁտ̝ඕڍĂ೩т˭̝൴னᄃޙᛉĄ
)˘*ᇴҜۏІᙊҾቅᄃဦ३ᐡ࠹ᙯᛉᗟࡁտ̝ࢦࢋ൴ன
ᇴҜྤੈ̂ณԣి۞јܜĂ҃ර͛ᇴҜ̼ྤ˵ТᇹດֽດкᇹᖳಱĄдྤ
ੈ̝߹఼ăϹೱ͟ৈᐛᓄ۞̫͇Ă၆ර͛ᇴҜྤੈ̝࠹ᙯࡁտଣߏ˩̶ࢦࢋ
۞Ą DOI ࠎᇴҜྤੈૄώ̝ࢋ৵̮ІĂтТဦ३઼̝ᅫᇾ३ཱི̝ٺဦ३Ą ЯѩĂଣᇴҜྤॡĂࡁտ DOI ၁ࠎ८͕̝ᙯᔣĄ DOI ߏ˘࣎дᇴҜᒖဩ
̚˘ͷᜈ̝ᙊҾቅĂΞ೩఼ֻ̢ྻүᄃϹೱംᇊੑய፟ט۞րĄ DOI ᙊ Ҿཱིώ֗ӈኬ̟̂ณ۞ྤੈᄃాඕĂΞֹ۰ۡତాඕזۍݡ۞ώ֗Ă̙҃Ϊ ߏۍݡ۞ᙊҾቅ҃̏Ą DOI ၆ٙѣԛё۞ۢᙊ̰टౌዋϡĂЯѩ၆͛ౢăဦ ३ăኝૅ၁រăᇆညဦͯăࢰሄඈЧྤफ़ౌΞซҖాඕăᑭ৶ĄͷϤٺΞкࢦ ྋᛌĂЯѩΞѣк࣎ΐࣃڇચĄ
ҋ 1998 ѐ൴णҌ̫Ğ2003 ѐğ̣ѐ።ΫĂ̏ѣ઼࡚ăለ߷ă፫߷ඈᇴѺ࣎
፟ၹ൴ο˞˼༱࣎ DOI ཱིቅć҃ DOI րֽࣧߏࠎ˞႕֖ۍ۰۞ᅮՐ҃טؠ
۞Ăҭߏ̏ѣ઼छဦ३ᐡă߆ع͛ᚥ፟ၹඈ۞ΐˢćᄬ֏͞ࢬੵ˞ࡻ͛ͽγĂ˵
ౙᜈѣڱ͛ăᇇ͛ăҘͰ͛ăཌྷ̂Ӏ͛̈́ᔹ͛ඈĄ DOI րߏԫఙĞΒ߁ྋ ᛌᄃྚᛖྤफ़ğᄃ߆ඉ۞ඕЪĄ DOI ր̍үੵ˞൴णγĂإஉᄏ˞тңѣड़
۞БሹҶཉጱˢ̈́ᑕϡѩրĄѩγĂ DOI ̝ٺᇴҜۏІ̝ࢦࢋّؤт ISBN
̝ٺဦ३Ą˫Ϥٺॡ̝λតĂܳซˢ˞ۢᙊགྷᑻ۞൴णĂЯ҃дѩᇴҜᒖဩ
˭Ă DOI ̝֎ҒՀԛࢦࢋĂࠤҌͧშᅫშྮ̝შӬăྖཱིቅĞӣ઼छቅğඈ ᔘࢦࢋćٙͽ DOI ր̝ޙཉ̈́ଯજߏג̙टቤ۞ְଐĄ
ტ˯ٙĂώࡁտࢋ̝൴னࠎĈ
1. DOI ่่̙ߏ˘࣎дᇴҜᒖဩ̚˘ͷᜈ̝ᙊҾཱིĂ҃ߏ˘࣎րΒ߁˞
በቅăೡăྋᛌ̈́߆ඉඈα࣎ొ̶ၹј۞րĄ 2. ̏ѣ઼छဦ३ᐡણᄃ DOI ̍үĄ
3. ੵ˞ࡻ͛γĂ̏ѣڱ͛ăᇇ͛ăҘͰ͛ăཌྷ̂Ӏ͛ࠤҌᔹ͛۞ΐˢĄ 4. DOI րߏԫఙᄃ߆ඉ۞ඕЪć̍үੵ˞൴णγإᅮڦຍтңѣड़۞Бሹ
Ҷཉጱˢ̈́ᑕϡѩրĄ
5. дᇴҜᒖဩ˭Ă DOI ̝֎Ғͧშᅫშྮ̝შӬඈᔘࢦࢋćߏͽĂ DOI ր
̝ޙཉ̈́ଯજߏג̙टቤ۞ְଐĄ
6. ઼छဦ३ᐡߏ DOI ր۞ଯ֭͘Էႊᙯᔣ֎ҒĄ
)˟*ᇴҜۏІᙊҾཱིᄃဦ३ᐡ࠹ᙯᛉᗟ̝ޙᛉ
DOI ր̏ଂጯఙࡁտٕΪߏࠎܓЪۍ۰ᅮՐ҃నࢍ۞̍үĂ൴णјࠎᇴ Ҝᒖဩ˭ംᇊੑயϹٽ̚۞Їңྤ࠰ΞᑕϡĄᄃ DOI ր࠹ᙯ۞፟ၹ˵ଂ
ۍࠧྭזဦ३ᐡࠧă߆ع͛ᚥ፟ၹ̈́შྮྤੈயຽĄ֭ᇆᜩ۰ăБშྮֹ
ϡ۰̈́ംᙊ̬̚۰Ɵ็ᇫ۰Ą DOI րᄃ ISBN ă ISSN ̈́ ISRC ᙯᓑޝ̂Ă
઼छဦ३ᐡืΐૻ࠹ᙯ̝ࡁտᄃ̍үĄֶፂࡁտඕڍĂ೩т˭̝ޙᛉĈ 1. ϲӈΞҖ̝ޙᛉĈ
Ğ1ğϲӈଯજ DOI ր̝ޙϲ̍үĄ Ğ2ğ൴ण DOI ᗖԛրĄੵ˞Ĉ
៱ በቅᄃྋᛌրγĂ͍ืѣ੨इନ߉ĂΒ߁Ĉ
៲ ˞ྋဦ३ᐡăۍࠧƟ३થ̝ຐڱć
៳ ොΊ͕̝̚ྻүሀёĄ Ğ3ğણᄃ IDF ᖐ̝ఢထĄ
Ğ4ğᏴፄᇴ࣎ѣຍᙸ̝ۍથᄃဦ३ᐡЪүĂ൴ण DOI րĄ 2. ̚ܜഇ̝ޙᛉĈ
Ğ1ğDOI ր̝ଯᇃĄੵ˞ۍࠧ/३થγĂإΒ߁ဦ३ᐡă߆ع፟ၹᄃۢ
ᙊ̝౹ү۰ăΐࣃ۰̈́็ᇫ۰Ą
Ğ2ğనཉොΊ͕֭̚טؠ DOI րგந፟טᄃఢቑඈĄ 3. ޢᜈ̝ࡁտĈ
Ğ1ğDOI րкࢦྋژ̝ଣĂͽ˞ྋΐࣃڇચ̈́ဦ३ᐡ̝ᑕϡĄ
Ğ2ğ၆ DOI ր̝ೡĞྚᛖྤफ़ğ̝ࡁտĂͽ˞ྋᇴҜᒖဩ˭ѣᙯЧ
ംᇊੑயϹٽ̚۞Їңྤ̝გநᄃඕၹ̼ྋᛖ̝ຍཌྷĄ
ᄫ ᔁ
ώࡁտࠎ઼छဦ३ᐡ؎ࡁտࢍ൪̝јڍĄຏᔁ઼ᅫᇾ३ཱི͕̚ՂఆῨ
Ї̈́അ㠙ኰАϠ̝םӄĄ
KeywordsĞᙯᔣෟğĈ Digital Object Identifier; DOI; Intellectual Property; Metadata; Handle System ᇴҜۏІᙊҾཱིćംᇊੑயćྚᛖྤफ़ćྋᛌநր
James C. Ouyang Ĉ Assistant Professor, Department of Information and Library Science, Tamkang University, Taipei, R.O.C.ć E-mail: [email protected]
Hui Ou-yang Ĉ Graduate Student, Department of Information and Library Science, Tamkang University, Taipei, R.O.C.ć E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
This paper is to investigate library issues regarding the Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI is the most basic element of digital resources and acts, as a system that provides a mechanism to interoperably identify and exchange intellectual property in the digital environment.
