布農族傳統聚落分佈之研究：南投縣郡社群及巒社群之個案分析

୯ҥᆵ᡼εᏢ౛ᏢଣӦ౛ᕉნၗྍᏢس!

ᅺγፕЎ!

Department of Geography College of Science

National Taiwan University Master Thesis ^{! !}

ġ

Ѳၭ௼໺಍ᆫပϩթϐࣴزǺࠄ׫ᑜଗޗဂϷ៺ޗဂϐঁ

ਢϩ݋!

Research on the Spatial Distribution of the Ancient Bunun Settlements: A case of Isbukun and Takbanuaz in Nantou

! ڬॳ㜑 Chien-Yu Chou

ࡰᏤ௲௤ǺጰറЎറγ Advisor: Bor-Wen Tsai, Ph.D.

ύ๮҇୯ 104 ԃ 8 Д

Aug, 2015

୯ҥᆵ᡼εᏢᅺγፕЎᏢՏፕЎ

α၂ہ঩཮ቩۓਜ!

i

嫅 嫅娴

ġ ⮓ᶳ忁䭯嫅娴䘬⎴㗪炻ὧ㗗冒⶙庽庽⎹忁ᶱ⸜䘬㯪⬠䓇㵗䔓ᶳ⎍溆䘬㗪῁ˤ

ⓗᶨ⎗ẍ嬻ㆹ⣏倮㈺ね忁ᶱ⸜Ἦ愠䓄劎彋䘬嫅娴炻⌣嬻ㆹ怚怚暋ẍᶳ䫮ˤ⚆椾忁 ᶱ⸜炻ㆹ⎗傥㗗ᾳᶵ䧙借䘬䞼䨞䓇炻Ữ㗪㗪⇣⇣䃉ᶵ冯冒⶙⮵娙炻デ嫅忁䭯婾㔯炻 嬻ㆹ⛐忁ᶱ⸜慵㕘␴冒⶙Ṍ⤥炻ㆸ⯙Ḯℏ⽫䘬寸䙰ˤġ

ġ デ嫅ㆹ䘬㊯⮶㔁㌰哉⌂㔯侩ⷓ炻侸⽫⺽柀ㆹ忁ᾳ⛘䎮⬠䘬攨⢾㻊炻⌛ἧㆹᶨ 嶗➭㊩崘冒⶙䘬嶗炻ぐṵ䃞㓦ㇳ嬻ㆹ⍣敾炻⊭⭡ㆹ䘬卥㑆␴庽䌯ˤ⛐ぐ幓怲忁ᶱ

⸜䘬⬠佺嬻ㆹ⛐嗽ḳ␴⿅侫ᶲ悥㚜≈ㆸ䅇炻冯ぐ䘬㭷ᶨ㫉⮵娙妶婾炻悥㚜㶙⊾Ḯ ㆹ䘬⿅侫傥≃ˤġ

デ嫅 ĶıĹ 䞼䨞⭌䘬㭷ᶨỵ炻⯌℞㗗㖶⃱ˣ㵹䎋ˣ啵⥮嶗炻ἈᾹ⯙⁷㗗ㆹ䘬干 柕䅰炻㭷㭷⛐ㆹ⌉斄䘬㗪῁↢ㇳ䚠㓹炻㈨埻ᶲ䘬ˣ嗽ḳᶲ䘬ˣ⮓ἄᶲ䘬䧖䧖炻㚱 ἈᾹ⛐⇵朊㊯⺽⶚嬻ㆹ㓦ᶳ⸦䘦ᾳ⽫Ḯˤġ

デ嫅㛃悱悐句䘬旧㶭ˣ㜙❼悐句䘬䌳㋗✌攟侩ˣ㜙⃱悐句䘬ẵ抸侩䈏ⷓˣ侮 侩 ŕŢŮŢġōŢũŰŰˣ侩⤞⤞ ŃŶůŪ炻ẍ⍲㭷ᶨỵ㚦䴻㍍⍿ㆹ䘬姒婯炻栀シ剙㗪攻⽫≃

⚆䫼ㆹ䘬䔹べ炻↮ṓⰙ㜿␴Ⱄ㕤ἈᾹ䘬㬟⎚㓭ḳˤ⛐䓘慶㛇攻䷥㗗㍍⍿ἈᾹㄟㄐ 䘬岰冯␴⋼≑炻ἈᾹ嬻ㆹ䚳夳Ḯⶫ彚㕷䘬⎗ッ␴䚜䌯炻恋㶙啷⛐㧠⮎⢾堐ᶳ䘬Ⱉ 㜿㘢ㄏ炻㗗䔞⇅嬻ㆹ㰢⭂ᶳㇳ⬴ㆸ忁䭯婾㔯䘬⇅⽫ˤġ

デ嫅呱⃺ˣ旧⏃ˣ刦囄匱ˣ⿉㻼炻㚱ἈᾹᶨ崟⤖㇘⮎⛐忶䘖炰怬㚱䃉㔠䘬㚳

⍳昒⛐ㆹ幓怲炻倥ㆹ㉙⿐昒ㆹ䪹炻⌛ἧ㌱⇘㚨湹㘿䘬㶙㶝炻ḇ㚱ἈᾹ㈲ㆹ庽庽䘬

㈞崟ˤġ

㚨⼴炻冒䃞䘬天㚨デ嫅ㆹ奒ッ䘬⭞Ṣ炻䞍忻ㆹッ䍑炻㰺彎㱽㗪ⷠ⚆⭞昒Ờ炻 ḇᶵ⾀⛐㭷ᶨ忂暣娙墉㹓㘾䘬斄⽫ㆹˤ⛐忁ᶱ⸜䘬㗪⃱῀劍㰺㚱ἈᾹ⛐側⼴ ㆹ 㚨⍂⮎䘬月Ⱉ炻⣑䞍忻ㆹ㚱㰺㚱㨇㚫⛐㬌㗪⮓ᶳ忁䭯嫅娴ˤ

ġ

ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ

!

! ҁ

ҁፕЎ!གᖴ!

ύѧࣴزଣ҇௼Ꮲࣴز܌!

ȨѠ᡼চՐ҇ޑғᄊᕉნ፾ᔈᆶᎂ׸ࣴزȩံշ

iii

ᄔ ᄔा!

! ᆵ᡼Ѳၭ௼ၹѲܭύѧξેٿୁǴࣁڂࠠଯξচՐ҇௼Ǵޗ཮ғࢲࡌҥܭМ

௼ಔᙃޑ୷ᘵϐ΢Ǵځ໺಍ᆫပޑޜ໔ϩѲᆶԾฅᕉნϷМ௼ಔᙃ໔և౜ϙሶᜢ

߯ǴࣁҁࣴزЬा௖૸ፐᚒǶࣴزჹຝࣁࠄ׫ᑜߞကໂѲၭ௼ଗޗဂϷ៺ޗဂܭ

໣ი౽Ր߻ޑᆫပǴவځМ௼ޗ཮ϷԾฅᕉნٿय़ӛ຾Չ૸ፕǶҁࣴزаၗ਑ᔞ ਢᆶЎ᝘ӣ៝ǵୖᆶԄӦ౛ၗૻس಍ǵჴӦ፯ࢗϷޜ໔ϩ݋฻БԄ຾ՉǴஒӚ໨

ၗ਑Ҭϕᔠ᛾Ǵݽ਩໺಍Ѳၭ௼ޑМ௼ಔᙃϷޗ཮ೕጄǴඓඝ໺಍ᆫပՏ࿼ǵӜ ᆀϷᕉნచҹǴ຾Զϩ݋ᆫပϩթᆶԾฅᕉნϷޗ཮ಔᙃ໔ޑᜢ߯Ƕ!

౛གྷ΢໺಍Ѳၭ௼ᒥൻМ௼ಔᙃೕጄǴஒМ௼ಔᙃပჴܭӦୱޑࡹݯϷғࢲ

ೕጄύǴՠӧЎ᝘аϷჴሞҖഁၗ਑ᇆ໣Ǵёаܴᡉ࣮ډМ௼ಔᙃᆶᆫပޜ໔ϐ ໔ޑᜢ߯ኳጋǶճҔ GIS БݤஒόӕМ௼ಔᙃޑቫԛ৖౜ܭӦკ΢Ǵᙖҗຎ᝺

ϯϷޜ໔ϩ݋ޑ่݀૸ፕМ௼ಔᙃᆶᆫပϩթϐ໔ޑᜢ߯Ƕќ΋Бय़Ǵ໺಍Ѳၭ

௼ӧӚᅿόӕԾฅᕉნచҹΠǴӵՖ຾Չᒧ֟Ǵ຾ԶቹៜᆫပϐϩթǴΨӕኬࢂ

ҁࣴزᜢݙϐขᗺǶ!

ࣴز่݀ว౜Ѳၭ௼М௼ಔᙃаϷԾฅᕉნచҹٿޣᆶ໺಍ᆫပϩթ໔ޑ ᜢ߯ǴύМ௼ࣁЬाቹៜᆫပϩթϐМ௼ቫભǴԶੇܘଯࡋǵӦ༈ڵࡋϷНྍё Ϸ܄Ǵ߾ࣁख़ाޑԾฅᕉნచҹǶҗܭМ௼ಔᙃӧޜ໔΢ޑጄൎКԾฅᕉნచҹ εǴӢԜҁࣴزᇡࣁ໺಍Ѳၭ௼ᆫပϐϩթࢂа܌ឦύМ௼ᜐࣚࣁጄൎǴܭځύ ᒧ᏷፾ӝϐԾฅᕉნచҹǶ࣬ၨܭଗޗဂǴ៺ޗဂМ௼ϩթၨኳጋǴό࣮ܰрᜐ

ࣚǴҁࣴزᇡࣁԜᆶӚޗဂϐวྍᐕўԖஏϪᜢ߯ǶฅԶǴคፕଗޗဂ܈៺ޗဂǴ

ࣣԖӭМ௼ಔԋϐᆫပӸӧǴ٠೷ԋύМ௼ጄൎϐख़᠄܈ኳጋǴҁࣴزவМ௼ಔ ᙃೕጄϪΕ૸ፕǴᇡࣁёૈࢂ೸ၸ࠷ᒃᜢ߯Ǵ܈ޣӕ΋εМ௼ȐGavianȑᜢ߯Ǵ

٬Ѳၭ௼ၠຫύМ௼ᜐࣚǴᎂ౽ԿᇻೀǶӢԜ߄य़΢ࢂຬຫύМ௼ᜐࣚǴՠჴሞ

΢߾ϝฅᒥൻМ௼ϐೕጄǶ!

ᜢᗖӷ;!Ѳၭ௼ǴМ௼ಔᙃǴᆫပϩѲǴୖᆶԄӦ౛ၗૻس಍!

Abstract

The Bunun people in Taiwan lived in the Central Mountain Range before the

aborigine's collective movement at 1930s. The social life was built on the clan system.

The aim purpose of the study is to explore the relationship among the spatial distribution of the settlements, the clan system and the physical environment. The study discovers the Bunun people lived at Jynda River Basin before the aborigine's collective movement at 1930s.

Through documentary analysis, Participation Geographic System (PGIS), field research and spatial analysis, this study found that the ideal distribution of the settlements did not really exist and the border between each clan was rather fuzzy.

However, “Kautuszang”, which was the middle class of the clan system found to be the major effect to the distribution of the settlements among the other class of the clan system. On the other hand, the physical environment, such as slope, water resource, affected the location of the settlements in smaller spatial scale than the clan system.

The clan system, especially the middle class, and the physical environment both played important roles in the distribution of the settlements of Bunun people before 1930s.

What’s more, it is found that the border of the territory of Isbukun is more clearly than that of Takbanuaz. It may be caused by their origination. Furthermore, it is found that several settlements located outside of the boundary of the clan, making the border fuzzy. Those settlements might cross the border through the relationship of affinity, or the friendly relationship of Gavian. Regardless of the outliers, the distribution of the settlements was limited by the boundary of Kautuszang, and made selection among different physical environment, which wass smaller in spatial scale.

Keywords: the Bunun people, clan system, distribution of settlements, PGIS

v

Ҟ Ҟᒵ!

⎋娎⥼⒉㚫⮑⭂㚠 ... 2

嫅娴... i

㐀天... iii

Abstract ... iv

䫔ᶨ䪈ˣ䵺婾 ... 10

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ䞼䨞≽㨇 ... 10

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ䞼䨞䚖䘬 ... 11

䫔Ḵ䪈ˣ㔯䌣⚆栏 ... 12

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷冯℞怟⽁㬟⎚ ... 12

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷冯␐⚵㕷佌斄Ὢ ... 13

䫔ᶱ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷䘬⁛䴙㮷㕷䳬䷼ ... 16

䫔⚃䭨ˣ㮷㕷䳬䷼⛘➇⊾ ... 18

䫔Ḽ䭨ˣ⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷⛇⛘ἧ䓐↮栆冯䣦㚫斄Ὢ ... 19

䫔ℕ䭨ˣ㖍㱣㗪ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ ... 22

䫔ᶫ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷⭞⯳怠⛨㘢ㄏ ... 24

䫔ᶱ䪈ˣ䞼䨞㕡㱽 ... 26

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ䞼䨞⮵尉 ... 26

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ䞼䨞㕡㱽 ... 27

䫔ᶱ䭨ˣ䞼䨞㳩䦳 ... 35

䫔⚃䪈ˣ倂句溆ỵ屯㕁吸普冯妶婾 ... 36

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ㔯䌣姀庱 ... 36

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ㛔䞼䨞姒婯⼿⇘ᷳ倂句 ... 45

䫔ᶱ䭨ˣ㌺昌⍿普⛀䦣ỷ⍲䣦佌䘤㸸ᷳ倂句 ... 47

䫔⚃䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷䘬 Asang 冯㖍㱣㗪ẋ䘬ˬ䣦˭ ... 55

䫔Ḽ䪈ˣ⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷䘬倂句↮Ự冯㮷㕷䳬䷼ ... 57

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ䎮゛ᶲ㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬⛘➇⿏ ... 57

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ倂句溆ỵ⍲㮷㕷䳬ㆸ ... 58

䫔ᶱ䭨ˣ倂句冯⎬㮷㕷Ⰼ䳂䘬䨢攻↮ⶫ ... 63

䫔⚃䭨ˣ䨢攻↮㜸ᷳ䳸㝄 ... 72

䫔Ḽ䭨ˣ䳸㝄冯妶婾 ... 81

䫔ℕ䭨ˣ⮷䳸 ... 85

䫔ℕ䪈ˣ⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷倂句↮ⶫᷳ冒䃞䑘⠫⚈䳈 ... 86

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ㴟㉼檀⹎ ... 86

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ⛘⊊ ... 88

䫔ᶱ䭨ˣ㯜㸸 ... 93

䫔⚃䭨ˣ⮷䳸 ... 97

䫔ᶫ䪈ˣ⼙枧ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙倂句↮Ựᷳ朊⎹ ... 98

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣᷕ㮷㕷怲䓴ℏ冒䃞䑘⠫䘬怠㑯 ... 98

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣᷕ㮷㕷怲䓴⢾冒䃞䑘⠫䘬怠㑯 ... 100

䫔ℓ䪈ˣ䞼䨞䳸㝄冯⼴临䞼䨞 ... 103

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ䞼䨞䳸㝄 ... 103

䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ⼴临䞼䨞 ... 104

⍫侫㔯䌣 ... 106

旬抬ᶨˣ悉䣦佌㮷㕷䳬䷼堐 ... 110

旬抬Ḵˣ⵺䣦佌㮷㕷䳬䷼堐 ... 112

旬抬ᶱˣ悉䣦佌倂句㮷㕷↮ⶫ堐 ... 114

旬抬⚃ˣ⵺䣦佌倂句㮷㕷↮ⶫ堐 ... 115

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⚾䚖抬ġ

⚾ᶨˣⶫ彚㕷⎬䣦佌ᷳ↮⊾⚾...13

⚾Ḵˣⶫ彚㕷䦣≽⛘⚾...14

⚾ᶱˣⶫ彚㕷冯␐怲㕷佌⊊≃䭬⚵⚾...15

⚾⚃ˣ䌝⟜ˣ侽⛘⍲⺢⛘ᷳ䨢攻斄Ὢ⚾...20

⚾Ḽˣ䞼䨞䭬⚵...26

⚾ℕˣℑᾳ⎬冒䌐䩳䘬䨢攻╖⃫...32

⚾ᶫˣℑᾳ㚱⣏朊䧵慵䔲䘬䨢攻╖⃫...32

⚾ℓˣᶱᾳḺ䚠慵䔲䘬䨢攻╖⃫...33

⚾ ḅˣ䓙 Convex Hull ㇨䔓↢䘬朊䧵 ...33

⚾ ⋩ˣ慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ㑵ἄ㳩䦳⚾...34

⚾⋩ᶨˣ䞼䨞㳩䦳⚾...35

⚾⋩Ḵˣ1923 军 1932 ⸜攻㕘檀悉⍇ỷ㮹悐句↮ⶫ⚾...48

⚾⋩ᶱˣ悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌倂句↮Ự⚾...64

⚾⋩⚃ˣ悉䣦佌⣏㮷㕷↮Ự⚾...66

⚾⋩Ḽˣ⵺䣦佌⣏㮷㕷↮Ự⚾...66

⚾⋩ℕˣ悉䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷↮Ự⚾...68

⚾⋩ᶫˣ⵺䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷↮Ự⚾...69

⚾⋩ℓˣ悉䣦佌⮷㮷㕷↮Ự⚾...70

⚾⋩ḅˣ⵺䣦佌⮷㮷㕷↮Ự⚾...71

⚾ Ḵ⋩ˣ⵺䣦佌⣏㮷㕷 I 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾ ...73

⚾ Ḵ⋩ᶨˣ⵺䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 A 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾...73

⚾ Ḵ⋩Ḵˣ⵺䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 C 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾ ...73

⚾ Ḵ⋩ᶱˣ⵺䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 D 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾...74

⚾ Ḵ⋩⚃ˣ⵺䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 E 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾ ...74

⚾ Ḵ⋩Ḽˣ⵺䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 F 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾...74

⚾ Ḵ⋩ℕˣ悉䣦佌⣏㮷㕷 I 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾ ...75

⚾ Ḵ⋩ᶫˣ悉䣦佌⣏㮷㕷 II 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾ ...75

⚾ Ḵ⋩ℓˣ悉䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 A 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾...75

⚾ Ḵ⋩ḅˣ悉䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 B 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾ ...76

⚾ ᶱ⋩ˣ悉䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷 D 倂句ᾳ㔠冯嶅暊⍫㔠 XY 㔋Ự⚾...76

⚾ ᶱ⋩ᶨˣ悉䣦佌⎬⣏㮷㕷 Concave Hull 䭬⚵ ...78

⚾ ᶱ⋩Ḵˣ悉䣦佌⎬ᷕ㮷㕷 Concave Hull 䭬⚵ ...78

⚾ ᶱ⋩ᶱˣ⵺䣦佌⎬⣏㮷㕷 Concave Hull 䭬⚵ ...79

⚾ ᶱ⋩⚃ˣ⵺䣦佌⎬ᷕ㮷㕷 Concave Hull 䭬⚵ ...79

⚾ ᶱ⋩Ḽˣⶫ彚㕷倂句㴟㉼檀⹎↮Ự⚾...87

⚾ ᶱ⋩ℕˣ⭞⯳ᷳ⛘⊊...89

⚾ ᶱ⋩ᶫˣ侽⛘ᷕ䘬楩⛶...91

⚾ ᶱ⋩ℓˣLitu 冲䣦䘬ḽ...94

⚾ ᶱ⋩ḅˣ悉⣏㹒㳩➇暐⬋㗪䘬㯜䶂...95

⚾⚃⋩ˣ倂句␐⚵㯜㸸⛘⚾...96

⚾⚃⋩ᶨˣ冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ冯悉䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷↮Ự...100

⚾⚃⋩Ḵˣ冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ冯⵺䣦佌ᷕ㮷㕷↮Ự...101

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堐䚖抬ġ

堐ᶨˣ姒婯堐...30

堐Ḵˣ㖍㱣㗪ẋ㖍㛔⭀㕡姀庱ᷳⶫ彚㕷倂句...37

堐ᶱˣ⍇ỷ㮹㕷⁛䴙柀➇⛇⛘婧㞍妰䔓ㆸ㝄ᷳⶫ彚㕷倂句...41

堐⚃ˣ㛔䞼䨞姒婯㇨⼿ᷳ倂句屯㕁...45

堐 Ḽˣ㛔䞼䨞㌺昌ᷳ倂句...50

堐ℕˣ悉䣦佌倂句䨢攻溆ỵᷳ屯㕁Ἦ㸸...52

堐ᶫˣ⵺䣦佌倂句䨢攻溆ỵᷳ屯㕁Ἦ㸸...53

堐 ℓˣ㛔䞼䨞悉䣦佌倂句ᷳ㮷㕷Ⰼ䳂...60

堐 ḅˣ㛔䞼䨞悉䣦佌倂句ᷳ㮷㕷Ⰼ䳂...61

堐 ⋩ˣℑ䣦佌ᷳᷕ㮷㕷⍲⣏㮷㕷㚨⎰怑 Concave Hull 䭬⚵ᷳ嶅暊⍫㔠 ...77

堐 ⋩ᶨˣ慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ妰䬿䳸㝄...80

堐 ⋩Ḵˣ⣂㮷㕷䳬ㆸᷳ倂句...85

!

䫔 䫔ᶨ䪈ˣ䵺婾

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ䞼䨞≽㨇

ⶫ彚㕷ᷣ天⯭ỷ⛐⎘䀋ᷕ⣖Ⱉ傰ℑ“炻䁢⎬㕷ᷕ㴟㉼↮Ự㚨檀侭炻⎴㗪ḇ㗗 㬟⎚ᶲ怟䦣嶅暊㚨怈䘬㕷佌ˤ䃞侴⎘䀋檀Ⱉ⭮⹎檀炻Ⱉ⊊昉ⲕ晒ⲣ炻天⛐崟ặ⣂

嬲䘬⛘⊊⍲䑘⠫ᷕ⯭ỷ䓇⬀炻⽭䃞暨天ῂ岜ᶨ⣿冯䑘⠫ℙ⬀ℙ㥖䘬㘢ㄏ炻ㇵ傥⣈

⛐㻓攟䘬怟䦣㬟⎚ᷕ䵧⺞⼴ẋ⫸▋ˤ⣂㔠㍊妶⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷倂句怠㑯㡅ẞ䘬䞼䨞炻

⣂娵䁢倂句ỵ伖䘬怠㑯ᷣ天⺢䩳⛐䓇⬀䘬➢㛔暨㯪ᶲ炻᷎⮯倂句ỵ伖䘬怠㑯㡅ẞ

↮䁢冒䃞㡅ẞ⍲䣦㚫㡅ẞ炻⇵侭叿慵⛐冒䃞䑘⠫䘬㡅ẞẍ⍲側⼴䘬䓇㳣✳ン⍲㔯

⊾₡ῤ炻⤪㯜㸸䘬⍾⼿ˣ⎹春䘬✉⛘炻ẍ⍲䁢⇑㕤旚䥎怠㑯朊⎹㹒察䘬ⰙⲾ䫱炻

᷎ᶼ⛐⎬䧖䑘⠫㡅ẞ怠㑯䘬⎴㗪炻怬暨天德忶⣊⌈⇌㕟⎱ㆾ↞炻⼴侭⇯㗗冯␐⚵

㕷佌攻䘬䣦㚫斄Ὢ⼊ㆸ䘬㕷佌怲䓴ĩ㴟㧡⃺Ȇ㉼⇴㉱厚炻2006烊㰇ⅈ㥖炻2010烊柷 Ṗ⸛炻2000烊䓘⒚䙲炻2013Īˤḇ⯙㗗婒炻⛐忶⍣䘬妶婾ᷕ炻⼙枧ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙倂句 ỵ伖䘬⚈䳈ẍ冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ␴℞側⼴䘬⁛䴙㔯⊾傰䴉炻ẍ⍲冯℞Ṿ㕷佌攻䘬䣦㚫 斄Ὢ䁢ᷣˤ

㛔䞼䨞⛐䓘慶姒婯忶䦳ᷕ䘤䎦炻侮侩⍲㕷Ṣ⛐㍷徘ㆾ⚆ㅞ忶⍣倂句ỵ伖㗪炻 ㅞ⍲倂句⎵䧙䘬⎴㗪ḇ⽭䃞Ờ晐叿㍸崟忶⍣⯭ỷ䘬⥻㮷⍲␐⚵䘬冒䃞䑘⠫䈡⽝炻 䴎Ḱ㛔䞼䨞慵天䘬┇䘤炻Ὣἧ㛔䞼䨞慵㕘㩊夾㮷㕷⍲冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ冯普⛀䦣ỷ⇵

倂句ỵ伖ᷳ攻䘬斄Ὢˤ

ⶫ彚㕷墯暄䘬㮷㕷䳬䷼屓ᷚ℞䣦㚫䓇㳣炻⛐悐句䣦㚫ᷕ䘤㎖慵天≇傥炷䦣ⶅ

⫸ᷳ啷ˣ⭖㛔⺞Ṣˣ楔㶝㜙ᶨ䫱⎰叿炻1935炸ˤ昌ẋ堐ᾳṢ㇨㬠Ⱄ䘬奒Ⱄ⛀橼⢾炻 ḇ⼙枧㕷ℏ䘬⨂⦣䤩⽴⮵尉ˣℙ梇⮷䰛䤩⽴⛀橼⍲⎬䧖⛇⛘ἧ䓐䘬㇨㚱㪲炷杫嗶 ȆẲ㕗䐒⑰╖ȆẲ㕗䩳䪗炻2012炸ˤ㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬⛘㕡⊾䁢⛘➇⛀橼㍸ὃ思⽆䘬㝞 㥳炻倂句䘬柀堾⎗傥⎴㗪㗗㮷㕷䘬柀堾炻ᶼ䣦㚫㳣≽⍰⍿㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬夷䭬炻ἧ⼿

11

㮷㕷䳬䷼⼙枧ⶫ彚㕷䣦㚫䓇㳣⎬ᾳⰌ朊炷湫ㅱ屜炻1992炸ˤ㮷㕷䳬䷼ἄ䁢ⶫ彚㕷⁛

䴙䣦㚫䘬慵天㟮㝞炻㗗⏎ḇ⎴㗪⼙枧ⶫ彚㕷䘬⁛䴙倂句↮Ự烎劍㗗炻⇯冒䃞䑘⠫

㡅ẞ⍰冯ᶲ徘䘬䣦㚫㡅ẞ⬀⛐叿⾶㧋䘬斄Ὢ烎

⛐㶙Ⱉᷕ䦣≽ℑ䘦⸜ẍᶲ䘬ⶫ彚㕷炻⽭䃞㚱ᶨ⣿冯㢖㜿ℙ嗽䘬㘢ㄏ炻嬻ṾᾹ 傥⣈䓇㳣㕤忁䇯忋㖍㛔Ṣ悥䃉㱽庽㖻㓣ᶳ䘬㶙Ⱉˤ忁⣿㘢ㄏ⊭⏓Ḯ⮵⬱ℐ䘬⇌

㕟ˣ䓇ン䑘⠫傥⏎㺧嵛䓇⬀⍲㔯⊾暨㯪炻ẍ⍲䣦㚫斄Ὢ䘬⼙枧ˤ⚈㬌炻Ḯ妋⁛䴙 ⶫ彚㕷⤪ỽ怠㑯倂句ỵ伖䁢㛔䞼䨞ᷣ天㍊妶婚柴ˤ

䫔 䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ䞼䨞䚖䘬

1. ㍊䨞ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙倂句ᷳ↮Ự烉

㛔䞼䨞㍊妶䘬㟠⽫婚柴䁢ⶫ彚㕷⛐普⛀䦣ỷ⇵䘬倂句↮ⶫ炻᷎娎⚾慸㶭䣦㚫 斄Ὢ⍲冒䃞䑘⠫⮵㕤倂句↮ⶫᷳ⼙枧炻⚈㬌椾天ả⊁䁢吸普᷎㔜䎮⎬倂句ᷳ⎵䧙

⍲䨢攻↮ⶫ炻㌴㎉㖍㱣㗪ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ⇵䘬倂句㤪㱩ˤ㬌⢾炻ⶫ彚㕷⛐㖍㱣㗪㛇⍲

⃱⽑⼴⚳㮹㓧⹄䴙㱣ᶳ炻⁛䴙柀➇⍲⁛䴙㬟⎚㔯⊾⍿⇘⾓忇㳩⣙炻⯌℞ 1930 ⸜ ẋ䴻㬟⣏夷㧉普⛀䦣ỷ⼴ˤ德忶㛔䞼䨞⮵㬟⎚䨢攻䘬吸普␴㔜䎮炻⮯㚱≑㕤姀庱 ⶫ彚㕷䘬㬟⎚䨢攻炻㶙⊾⁛䴙㔯⊾䘬寸⭴⿏炻᷎忚ᶨ㬍㍸⋯℞⛇⛘⍲㔯⊾ᷣ㪲ˤ

2. Ḯ妋⼙枧⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷倂句↮Ựᷳ朊⎹烉

㛔䞼䨞ẍ⇵徘吸普㔜䎮ᷳ倂句ỵ伖䁢➢䢶炻忚ᶨ㬍㍊妶⼙枧ⶫ彚㕷倂句↮

Ựᷳ朊⎹ˤ⣂㔠㍊妶ⶫ彚㕷倂句ỵ伖ᷳ䞼䨞叿慵㕤冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ⮵倂句怠⛨䘬

⼙枧炻䃞侴℞Ṿ朊⎹⇯庫⮹婾⍲ˤⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙㮷㕷䳬䷼冯䣦㚫䓇㳣㚱⭮↯斄倗炻 㰢⭂Ḯ⛇⛘⤪ỽ↮惵ˣ⛘➇䳬䷼䘬忳ἄ⍲⨂⦣夷䭬䫱炻⚈㬌㛔䞼䨞㚜忚ᶨ㬍䘬 Ḯ妋℞㗗⏎ḇ⎴㧋⼙枧倂句ᷳ↮Ựˤℵ侭炻冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ⍰㗗⤪ỽ冯㮷㕷䳬䷼

ℙ⎴⼙枧倂句↮Ự烎㛔䞼䨞⮯妶婾ℑ侭⤪ỽℙ⎴⼙枧⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷倂句ᷳ↮Ựˤ

䫔 䫔Ḵ䪈ˣ㔯䌣⚆栏

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷冯℞怟⽁㬟⎚

ⶫ彚㕷䁢冢䀋䚖⇵⭀㕡娵⭂⋩ℕᾳ⍇ỷ㮹㕷ᷕ炻㴟㉼↮Ự㚨檀炻⎴㗪ḇ㗗怟 䦣嶅暊㚨怈䘬㕷佌炻ᷣ天⯭ỷ⛐ᷕ⣖Ⱉ傰ᶨⷞ炻⊭⏓⋿㈽䷋ṩッ悱ˣᾉ佑悱炻剙 咖䷋⋻㹒悱ˣ叔㥖悱炻冢㜙䷋⺞⸛悱ˣ㴟䪗悱炻ẍ⍲檀晬ⶪ䘬恋䐒⢷⋨⍲㟫㸸⋨炻

↮ⶫ朊䧵㫉㕤㲘晭㕷檀⯭䫔Ḵˤ㟡㒂⎋⁛㬟⎚炻℞⥳䣾Ἦ冒大悐⸛⍇⎵攻ㆾ侭 䪡Ⱉᶨⷞ炻⼴Ἦ⎗傥⚈䁢␴⸛❼㕷䘤䓇櫍䇕炻ㇵ廱侴⎹㜙忚ℍᷕ⣖Ⱉ傰Ⱉ⋨炻䃞 侴忁ᶨ㭝㬟⎚㬊㕤⎋⁛炻ᶼ䚠斄嫱㒂ḇᶵ嵛ˤ劍ᶵ⊭⏓⍿悺㕷⎴⊾䘬嗕䣦佌炻 ⶫ彚㕷ℙ↮䁢Ḽ⣏䣦佌烉悉䣦佌ˣ⵺䣦佌ˣ⌉䣦佌ˣ⋻䣦佌⍲ᷡ䣦佌炻℞⎬冒䘤 㸸䘬㬟⎚ᷫ㗗⽆大悐⸛⍇怟䦣军Ⱉ⋨ᷳ⼴炻䴻㬟攟㗪攻䘬↮⊾炻᷎ᶼ姕䩳⎬冒䘬 冲⣏䣦⼴炻ㇵ䡢䩳ḮḼ⣏䣦佌ẍ⍲㮷㕷䳬䷼炷䦣ⶅ⫸ᷳ啷ˣ⭖㛔⺞Ṣˣ楔㶝㜙ᶨ 䫱⎰叿炻1935炸ˤ

楔㶝㜙ᶨ炷1954炸⛐˪檀䞪㕷̯䦣≽̴↮ⶫ˫ᷕ炻姀庱ⶫ彚㕷⎬䣦佌䘬崟㸸

⍲怟䦣ˤ㚠ᷕ㶭㤂㊯↢⛐ⶫ彚㕷䫔ᶨ㫉㕷佌⣏䦣≽㗪炻⌉䣦佌⣏䲬⛐ᶱ䘦⸜⇵炻

⽆⵺䣦佌䘬冲⣏䣦ʇ⵺⣏䣦ᷕ↮↢炻㍍叿⋻䣦佌ℵ⽆⌉䣦佌↮暊炻侴ᷡ䣦佌⇯⣏

䲬⛐ℑ䘦Ḽ⋩⸜⇵⽆⵺䣦佌↮暊ˤ军㕤悉䣦佌㗗⏎Ἦ冒⵺䣦佌炻⇯婒㱽ᶵᶨ炻悐

↮㮷㕷䘬⁛婒㊯↢悉䣦佌㗗⽆⵺䣦佌↮↢Ἦ炻ᶼ㗪攻庫⌉䣦佌Ἦ䘬㚜㖑炻Ữḇ㚱 悉䣦佌倚䧙冒⶙ᶵ㗗⵺䣦佌䘬↮㓗炻侴㗗䚜㍍⽆大悐⸛⍇侴ἮˤḼᾳ䣦佌ẍ⎬冒 䘬冲⣏䣦䁢㟡㒂⛘炻⎹␐⚵⼊ㆸ倂句炻徸㻠䡢䩳℞柀➇䭬⚵ˤ㟡㒂ẍᶲ㤪䔍䘬䣦 佌↮⊾㬟䦳炻㛔䞼䨞丒墥䯉╖䘬䣦佌↮⊾䣢シ⚾⤪ᶳ⚾ᶨˤ⽆婆妨⍲娵⎴ᶲ䘬ⶖ 䔘炻㚫䚳⇘悉䣦佌冯⵺䣦佌攻䘬婆妨ⶖ䔘⣏炻⍰ℑ䣦佌攻䘬⎴䣾シ嬀Ỷ炻冯⵺䣦 佌ˣ⌉䣦佌⍲⋻䣦佌攻䓂军㚫䚠Ḻ楀椾ˤ⎗䞍悉䣦佌ᷳ⬌䩳⿏冯℞㬟⎚ᶲ䘬䣦佌

↮䩳㚱⭮↯䚠斄炻㬌⢾炻⵺䣦佌䘬檀⹎䣦㚫忋䳸ḇ冯℞⛐㬟⎚ᶲ↮⊾↢⌉䣦佌ˣ

13

⋻䣦佌ˣᷡ䣦佌㚱斄炻忚侴冯℞Ṿ䣦佌攻㚱庫⭮普䘬䣦㚫䵚䴉斄Ὢˤ

⚾ᶨˣⶫ彚㕷⎬䣦佌ᷳ↮⊾⚾

屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉㔜䎮冒˨檀䞪㕷̯䦣≽̴͉̋↮ⶫ˩炷楔㶝㜙ᶨ炻1954炸

䫔 䫔Ḵ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷冯␐⚵㕷佌斄Ὢ

ⶫ彚㕷䘬柀➇䭬⚵᷎朆朄ンᶵ嬲䘬⚢⭂䔮➇炻⛐㖍㛔㬾㮹㓧⹄攳⥳䭉䎮㶙Ⱉ 悐句⇵炻ⶫ彚㕷䘬怲䓴晐叿冯␐⚵㕷佌斄Ὢ䘬嬲⊾侴ᶵ㕟㓡嬲ˤᶳ⚾Ḵ䁢䶐抬㕤

˪冢䀋檀㕷㕷䲣䴙㇨Ⱄ̯䞼䨞˫ᷕ炻ⶫ彚㕷柀➇䭬⚵⍲䦣≽⛘⚾ˤ⚾ᷕ㚨⢾“䘬 湹刚䰿䶂䁢 1930 ⸜ẋ㖍㛔⬠侭丒墥䘬ⶫ彚㕷柀➇䭬⚵炻䰿䶂ℏ䘬刚⟲ẋ堐忶⍣㚦 㗗Ṿ㕷䘬⊊≃䭬⚵炻Ữ晐叿ⶫ彚㕷䘬㒜⻝ㆸ䁢ⶫ彚㕷䘬柀➇炻ἳ⤪啵刚⋨➇䘬⊿

悺㕷ˣ㨀刚⋨➇䘬⋿悺㱁旧欗旧佌炷⌛䎦⛐䘬㉱旧欗⑯㕷炸ˣ湫刚⋨➇䘬欗↙㕷⍲

䰱䲭刚⋨➇䘬⋹⋿㕷ˤ⮯㬌⚾冯 Google Earth¹堃㗇⼙⁷⣿䔲炷ᶳ⚾ᶱ炸炻ὧ傥⣈㚜 㶭㤂䚳⇘ⶫ彚㕷柀➇䭬⚵䘬嬲⊾炻ẍ⍲冯␐⚵㕷佌攻⮵䨢攻屯㸸䘬䪞⤒斄Ὢˤ

ẍ悺㕷␴ⶫ彚㕷䁢ἳ炻㟡㒂楔㶝㜙ᶨ炷1954炸䘬姀庱炻ⶫ彚㕷冯悺㕷ᷳ攻䘬 䪞䇕斄Ὢ㖑⛐⋩ℓᶾ䲨⯙⶚⬀⛐ˤ䔞㗪㚦䓙⵺䣦佌䘤≽炻⼨⋿怟䦣军㉱⹓㉱⹓㹒 ᶲ㷠炻Ữ柣柣⍿悺㕷䈡⭴慶佌䘬旣㑳␴多㑲炻侴㜙⋿㕡䘬⋹⋿㕷ḇ㚦䴻⣂㫉㳦怋 ˬ䌝椾怈⼩昲˭⎹㫚怟䦣军㉱⹓㉱⹓㹒ᶲ㷠䘬ⶫ彚㕷多㑲ˤ䚜⇘⋩ℓᶾ䲨㛓叱炻 悉䣦佌ḇ攳⥳崲忶ᷕ⣖Ⱉ傰炻⼨㜙⋿㕡䘬㉱⹓㉱⹓㹒ᶲ㷠怟䦣炻⎴㧋⍿⇘悺㕷Ṣ 枹⻟㉝㈿ˤỮ悺㕷䘬⊊≃㻠㻠晐⣑剙䕦䕭䘬倮嗸侴堘徨炻悺㕷䘬⊊≃怲䓴㻠㻠⼨

1Google Earth 㗗䓙 Google ℔⎠攳䘤ᷳ嘃㒔⛘䎫₨庇橼炻䳸⎰Ḯ堃㗇⼙⁷ˣ⛘⼊ˣ䄏䇯⍲℞Ṿ GIS 屯㕁ˤ

⵺䣦佌

⌉䣦佌 ⋻䣦佌

ᷡ䣦佌

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⼴徨䷖炻悉䣦佌䘬柀➇䭬⚵ḇㄊㄊ晐ᷳ⎹⢾㒜⻝ˤ⚈㬌䓙⚾Ḵ⎗䚳⇘炻1930 ⸜ẋ ⶫ彚㕷柀➇䭬⚵ℏ炻㚦㚱䚠䔞⣏䘬朊䧵㗗啵刚⊿悺㕷⍲㨀刚⋿悺㕷䘬⊊≃䭬⚵ˤ 䵄奨ᷳ炻䃉婾ⶫ彚㕷炻ㆾ℞忙怲䘬℞Ṿ㕷佌炻℞⊊≃䭬⚵␴㕷佌怲䓴悥㗗晐㗪攻

⍲⊊≃㴰攟侴⍵ㅱ↢䔞ᶳ䘬≽ン斄Ὢˤ军㕤⋿㈽⛘⋨炻昛㚱嗕㹒㳩➇攟㛇㗗ⶫ彚 㕷冯悺㕷攻⊊≃Ṍ扺⛘ⷞ炻悉䣦佌㚦⛐ 18 ᶾ䲨崲忶悉⣏Ⱉ炻⎹昛㚱嗕㹒㳩➇䘬㜙

❼䣦怟䦣炻䔞㗪㬌⛘ṵⰔ㕤悺㕷炻暁㕡⛐⋼婧忶䦳忼ㆸ␴妋炻Ữ悉䣦佌枰⎹悺㕷

㍸ὃ揝☐⍲䈚䔄ἄ䁢ẋ₡炷楔㶝㜙ᶨ炻1954炸ˤ㟡㒂㛔䞼䨞䘬䓘慶姒婯炻ᶨỵ㚦⯭

ỷ㱁慴ẁ㹒䓼 Ubunaru 倂句䘬侮侩堐䣢烉ˬа߻)ВᏵਔж*ၽ௼ࢂவߓٚξٗᜐၸ

ٰޑǶၸѐᗋࢂእჹᜢ߯ޑਔংǴ؂Ϻ೿ၸ๱ᖌᏯЈᡋޑВηǴ᝾᝺ЈࡐଯǴఁ

΢ाԖΓ੮ӺǴ܌аၽ௼ΨόඪᇸܰၸٰǶ˭ⶫ彚㕷冯悺㕷ᷳ攻䘬䵲⻝⮵䩳斄Ὢ炻 ᶨ䚜⇘㖍㱣㗪ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ⼴炻ㇵ徸㻠␴䶑ˤ

⚾Ḵˣⶫ彚㕷䦣≽⛘⚾

炷䦣ⶅ⫸ᷳ啷ˣ⭖㛔⺞Ṣˣ楔㶝㜙ᶨ䫱⎰叿炻1935炸

15

⚾ᶱˣⶫ彚㕷冯␐怲㕷佌⊊≃䭬⚵⚾

⎎⢾炻ⶫ彚㕷冯大悐䘬㻊Ṣ攻炻⎴㧋ḇ㚱⭮↯䘬Ḻ≽⼨Ἦˤᶵ⎴㕤悺㕷䘬㗗炻 ⶫ彚㕷冯㻊Ṣ攻炻᷎朆䲼䃞䘬㔝⮵ㆾ䚠Ḻ䪞䇕䘬斄Ὢ炻侴㗗㚱㚜⣂Ṍ㖻ᶲ䘬⎰ἄ

⼨Ἦˤ惘役䘬㻊Ṣ㛹句ᷣ天↮ⶫ⛐昛㚱嗕㹒ẍ大炻⤪ℏ劭❼炷䎦Ṳ䁢ᾉ佑悱㖶⽟

㛹炸ˣ柕䣦✒炷䎦Ṳ䁢ᾉ佑悱㕘悱㛹炸ˣ㉼䣦❼炷䎦Ṳ䁢ᾉ佑悱㮹␴㛹炸䫱炻⚈㬌 昛㚱嗕㹒ᶵ㗗悉䣦佌冯悺㕷䘬䓴䶂炻⎴㗪ḇ↮昼Ḯⶫ彚㕷冯㻊Ṣ炷㜿㽌⭴炻 1998炸ˤ⣏㉝ᶲℑ㕷佌攻Ṍ㖻䘬ᷣ天ℏ⭡㗗Ṍ㎃Ⱉᷕ屯㸸冯ⶫ⋡ˣ渥ˣ↨℟䫱㖍ⷠ

䓐⑩炻⚈㬌⌛ἧℑ㕷佌攻„㚱堅䨩䓂军楀椾䘤䓇炻Ữ⣏⣂傥月忂ḳˣ䣦ᶩㆾ㖍㛔

⭀㕡䘬⋼婧ẚ塩Ἦ⊾妋䳃䇕炷㜿㽌⭴炻1998炸ˤ

䷥䘬Ἦ婒炻ⶫ彚㕷䘬柀➇䭬⚵ᷣ天⍿冯Ṿ㕷攻斄Ὢ䘬⼙枧炻攟㗪攻䘬㉀堅ˣ 婧妋䘬忶䦳㕤䨢攻ᶲ⏰䎦↢≽ン嬲⊾ˤ柷Ṗ⸛炷2000炸徘⍲⼙枧ⶫ彚㕷倂句ỵ伖 䘬⚈䳈ᷕ炻㍸⍲ᷣ天⼙枧䣦㚫㡅ẞ侭䁢㕷佌攻䘬斄Ὢ炻⊭㊔冯⋹⋿㕷⍲⊿悺㕷䫱ˤ

䫔 䫔ᶱ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷䘬⁛䴙㮷㕷䳬䷼

䇞䲣㮷㕷䳬䷼屓ᷚ⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷䘬⎬䧖䓇㳣朊⎹⍲㔯⊾₡ῤ䘬⮎嶸炻Ữḇ⚈℞

墯暄⿏⍲慵天⿏炻䚠斄䘬䞼䨞冯妶婾冒㖍㱣㗪ẋ军役ẋ悥ᶵ㚦 㬊ˤ˪冢䀋檀䞪㕷 䲣䴙㇨Ⱄᷳ䞼䨞˫⮓㕤 1935 ⸜炻䓙䦣ⶅ⫸ᷳ啷ˣ楔㶝㜙ᶨ⍲⭖㛔⺞ṢᶱṢ⎰叿炻

℞ᷕ斄㕤ⶫ彚㕷䘬㮷㕷䣦㚫䓙楔㶝㜙ᶨ奒冒崘姒⎬㕷悐句⼴㑘⮓侴ㆸ炻娛䚉䲨抬 ⶫ彚㕷怟䦣⎚⍲㮷㕷䲣嬄炻⬴㔜ᾅ䔁⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷䘬㮷㕷䳬䷼ˤ㛔䞼䨞⮯㬌䲣嬄屯 㕁忚埴䶐䡤⼴炻㓞抬㕤旬抬ᶨ⍲旬抬Ḵᷕˤ1959 ⸜堃よ㜿⛐˪晭伶㕷䘬䇞䲣ᶾ䲣 佋冯暁䲣埴䁢⛀橼˫ᷕ炻㍸↢䇞䲣㮷㕷䘬℠✳㝞㥳炻⎎⢾恙℞嫁⛐ 1966 ⸜˪ⶫ彚 㕷⌉䣦佌䘬䣦㚫䳬䷼˫忳䓐㮹㕷娴㕡⺷ẍ㼕⋿悐句䁢ἳ妶婾ⶫ彚㕷⌉䣦佌䘬㮷㕷 䳬䷼ˤ䔞ẋ⮵㕤ⶫ彚㕷䘬⬠埻妶婾ᷕ炻湫ㅱ屜䘬䞼䨞䔞Ⱄ㚨䁢娛䚉炻˪㔯㖶ᷳ嶗˫

ᶨ㚠普䳸ḮṾ冒 1975 ⸜攳⥳䘬㜙❼ⶫ彚㕷䞼䨞炻军Ṳ崭忶ᶱ⋩⸜ᷳ䞼䨞䱦厗炻℞

ᷕ䈡⇍憅⮵ⶫ彚㕷䘬Ṣ奨⍲㮷㕷䣦㚫忚埴㶙ℍ䘬㍷徘␴↮㜸炷湫ㅱ屜炻2012炸ˤġ ġ ⶫ彚Ṣ䧙㮷㕷䳬䷼䁢 Siduh炻Ṿ⎗ẍ婒㗗ˬ⭞˭䘬埵䓇ˤẍ⭞㇞炷lumah炸䁢

⍇溆炻奒Ⱄ斄Ὢ䁢➢䢶炻⼊ㆸ㚱Ⰼ㫉䘬䳬䷼⍇⇯ˤ䔞Ṳⶫ彚㕷㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬䞼䨞炻

⮯㮷㕷䳬䷼↮䁢⮷㮷㕷ˣᷕ㮷㕷⍲⣏㮷㕷炻ㆾṆ㮷㕷ˣ㮷㕷⍲倗㕷炻㭷ᶨᾳⰌ䳂 攻䴻㬟攟㗪攻䘬↮⊾炻⚈㬌ẍ奒Ⱄ埨䶋ㆾ䳸䚇斄Ὢ䁢➢䢶ˤᶨ凔娵䁢㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬 㚨⮷╖ỵ䁢⮷㮷㕷炻ㆾ䧙Ṇ㮷㕷炻ⶫ彚Ṣ䧙ᷳ䁢 Gauduslan炻㭷ᶨᾳ⮷㮷㕷忶⍣

㚦㗗㸸㕤⎴ᶨᾳ⭞㕷炻⚈㬌⼨⼨⎗⽆䲣嬄斄Ὢ徥㹗炻㗗埨䶋ᶲ㫉㕤⭞㇞㚨奒役 䘬㮷㕷䳬䷼╖ỵˤ⮷㮷㕷ᷳᶲ⇯㗗ᷕ㮷㕷炻ⶫ彚Ṣṵ䧙ᷳ䁢 Gauduslan炻シ䁢ˬㆹ Ᾱ㗗ᶨ㧋䘬˭炷㴟㧡⃺Ʉ䉖⇴㉱厚炻2006炸ˤⶫ彚Ṣ䚠ᾉᶨᾳᷕ㮷㕷忶⍣㚦㗗㸸㕤

⎴ᶨᾳ⭞⹕炻䴻㬟㻓攟㗪攻⼴↮㔋ㆸ㔠ᾳ⮷㮷㕷炻⚈㬌ᷕ㮷㕷䚠庫㕤⮷㮷㕷炻㗗 㚜⣏䘬奒Ⱄ斄Ὢ普⎰ˤ⼨⼨⮷㮷㕷䘬⎵䧙⌛Ἦ冒㕤忶⍣⽆ᷕ㮷㕷↮⭞⇵⃬⻇䘬⎵

䧙ㆾ↮⭞⼴⯭ỷᷳ⛘⎵炻㇨ẍ⃬⻇攻↢䓇枮⸷⮯⼙枧⮷㮷㕷䘬昶⸷⿏炷湫ㅱ屜炻 2008炸ˤ⛐ᷕ㮷㕷ᷳᶲ炻怬㚱ᶨᾳ㚜⣏䘬䣦㚫╖ỵ䁢⣏㮷㕷炻ㆾ䧙倗㕷炻ⶫ彚Ṣ䧙

17

ᷳ䁢 Gavian炻䁢ˬ普橼ᷳ攻䘬斄Ὢ˭ᷳシ炻⛐㮷㕷䳬䷼ᷕ⇯㚱ˬ⍳䚇˭ᷳシ炻侴 ᶨᾳ⣏㮷㕷⇯⊭⏓⣂ᾳᷕ㮷㕷ˤⶫ彚Ṣ䚠ᾉ炻⎴ᶨᾳ⣏㮷㕷⸽ᶳ䘬ᷕ㮷㕷忶⍣ḇ 㚦㗗⎴㸸㕤ᶨᾳ⭞⹕炻Ữ埨䶋斄Ὢ⶚䃉㱽徥㹗炻ㆾ忶⍣⚈ᷕ㮷㕷攻䈡⇍⍳⤥⼊ㆸ 䚠Ụ㕤⣏⭞⹕䘬斄Ὢ炻⚈㬌⣏㮷㕷⼨⼨㰺㚱冒⶙䘬⥻㮷炻㚜⚈埨䶋䚠役ᶵ⼿忂⨂ˤ ⰌⰌ䘬㮷㕷斄Ὢᷕ炻ˬ⭞˭䘬シ佑炻⽆⮷㮷㕷ˣᷕ㮷㕷军⣏㮷㕷炻ᶵ㕟塓⺞临炻⥻

㮷ᶵẋ堐埨䶋斄Ὢ䘬⚆㹗炻⎴㗪ḇ㗗ᾳṢ⮵ˬ⭞˭䘬娵⎴炻ㆸ䁢普橼⛀䳸␴≃

慷䘬尉⽝炷㴟㧡⃺Ʉ䉖⇴㉱厚炻2006炸ˤ

⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷⻟婧㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬䇞䲣两▋⍇⇯炻⚈㬌㭷ᶨᾳṢ悥㚱℞⃰⣑䈡⭂䘬 䣦㚫昶⸷⿏炻Ữ⎎ᶨ㕡朊ḇ㲐慵ᾳṢ⼴⣑≒≃䘬ㆸ⯙炻ℑ侭攻䘬䞃䚦⛐㮷㕷斄Ὢ 䘬⮎嶸ᷕ⎴㗪⬀⛐ˤⶫ彚㕷昶⸷⿏䘬㮷㕷⇞⹎᷎朆ᶨㆸᶵ嬲䘬夷⇯炻䚠⍵䘬炻ⶫ 彚㕷䣦㚫⃩姙᷎ᶼ溻⊝㮷㕷ℏㆸ⒉攻䘬䪞䇕炻⚈㬌䔞ᶨᾳ㮷㕷ㆸ⒉䘬傥≃䌚⼿ᶨ

⭂䦳⹎䘬娵⎴ㆾ㓗㊩炻䳗䧵Ḯᶨ⭂䘬嶇晐侭炻ὧ㚱㨇㚫德忶↮⭞炻ㆾ侭㏔怟军⎎

ᶨᾳ倂句炻ㆸ䩳⎎ᶨᾳ⮷㮷㕷炻䓂军㚱⎗傥⎰Ἕ军⇍䘬⣏㮷㕷ẍ⼊ㆸᶨᾳ㕘䘬㮷 㕷⛀橼炷湫ㅱ屜炻2012炸ˤ⎗夳炻㮷㕷䳬䷼晾⻟婧埨䶋ᶲ䘬奒Ⱄ斄Ὢ炻Ữ⛐㝸䧖䦳

⹎ᶲ⌣⎗ẍ德忶ᾳṢ䘬≒≃忼⇘ㆸ⯙炻ḇ⚈㬌⼊ㆸ⣂㧋䘬䣦㚫䳬䷼炻ἧᾳṢ⼿ẍ

⃭↮⯽䎦冒ㆹ傥≃炻湫ㅱ屜䧙ᷳ䁢ˬ⽖奨⣂尴℔嬘㮹ᷣ⍇⇯˭炷湫ㅱ屜炻2012炸ˤ Ữ忁᷎ᶵシ␛叿⛀䳸⿏⛐↮⭞䘬忶䦳塓⇲⻙炻⍵ᷳ炻↮⭞忶䦳ᶵ ⮯ˬ⭞˭䘬シ 佑⍲娵⎴㒜⣏炻ㆸ䁢⮷㮷㕷ㆾᷕ㮷㕷ˤ普橼⿏冯ᾳṢ䘬ᷕ⽫⿏⛐䣦㚫斄Ὢ䘬⮎嶸

ᷕ䚳Ụ䞃䚦炻Ữ⌣ᶵ堅䨩炷楔㶝㜙ᶨ叿炻㣲⋿悉嬗炻2014炸ˤ

㮷㕷⺞临Ḯ⭞䘬娵⎴␴慵天⿏炻⛐⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷䓇㳣ᷕ炻㮷㕷䳬䷼冯倂句䘬䓇 㳣⍲㓧㱣⭮↯䚠忋炻ἧ⼿ᶨᾳ倂句䘬忳ἄ⛐㮷㕷䘬夷䭬ᶳ炻㚜≈↠栗㮷㕷䘬慵天

⿏ˤỮ㬋⚈䁢ὅ⽒㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬夷䭬炻⍰ⶫ彚㕷㮷㕷䳬䷼⛐⮎嶸忶䦳ᷕ⏰䎦⣂㧋侴 墯暄䘬㧋尴炻⚈㬌⛐斄㲐倂句↮ⶫ冯㮷㕷䳬䷼攻䘬斄Ὢ㗪炻ᶵℵ㗗╖䲼⛘ẍ奒Ⱄ 斄Ὢ奺⹎Ἦ䚳倂句↮ⶫˤḇ⯙㗗婒炻㮷㕷冯倂句↮ⶫ攻⏰䎦墯暄↢斄Ὢ炻侴忁ḇ 㬋㗗㛔䞼䨞⮯㍊妶䘬慵溆ˤ

䫔 䫔⚃䭨ˣ㮷㕷䳬䷼⛘➇⊾

㮷㕷䳬䷼℟橼⛘栗䎦⛐⛘➇⿏䘬㓧㱣斄Ὢ炻ἧ㮷㕷冯⛘㕡䓇㳣⭮↯䳸⎰ˤ⛐

忶⍣ⶫ彚㕷怬㛒暊攳⋿㈽䘬⍇⯭⛘⋨炻⚃㔋军⎬⛘⮳㈦㕘侽⛘⍲䌝⟜㗪炻ᶨᾳ倂 句⼨⼨㗗䓙ᶨᾳ㮷㕷ㆾᶨᾳṆ㮷㕷㇨㍏⇞ㆾ䳬ㆸ炻⚈㬌㮷㕷䳬䷼冯⛘➇䳬䷼慵 䔲炻ἧ㮷㕷⛘㕡⊾ˤ忁㧋䘬䎮゛⬱㌺忚侴嬻㮷㕷ㆸ䁢ᶨᾳ䌐䩳䘬⛘➇䳬䷼炻⽆⛇

⛘䘬㪲⇑斄Ὢˣ㬚㗪䤕₨ᷫ军幵ḳᶲ䘬旚堃炻⎬䧖䘬䓇㳣朊⎹䘮⚵丆叿㮷㕷斄Ὢˤ Ữḳ⮎ᶲ炻㬋⤪⇵徘㇨妨炻ⶫ彚㕷䘬䣦㚫䳬䷼ᶵ ⛐⮎嶸ᷕ塓∝忈ˣ㓡嬲烊⛐ᶵ 㕟怟䦣暊攳⍇⯭⛘䘬忶䦳ᷕ炻㮷㕷ᶵ ⎹⢾↮㔋炻㻠㻠䘬ᶨᾳ倂句ᶵ⎒䓙ᶨᾳ㮷 㕷ㆸ⒉䳬ㆸˤ忁㧋䘬䎦尉⛐㖍㱣㗪ẋ䘬㔯䌣ᷕ⯙⶚䴻塓姀庱烉˪冢䀋檀䞪㕷䲣䴙㇨

Ⱄᷳ䞼䨞˫ˣ˪哫㕷婧㞍⟙⏲㚠ʇ㬎ⳁ㕷⇵䭯˫ᷕ炻䔞ᷕ䘮㊯↢ˬ䣦˭㗗䓙⎴⥻䘬 㮷㕷㇨䳬ㆸ炻Ữ⼴Ἦḇ㚫≈ℍ⦣奒ㆾ㓞梲斄Ὢ䘬䔘⥻㮷㕷ˤ

⽆䎮゛䘬㮷㕷䳬䷼⛘➇⊾炻⇘㮷㕷ㆸ⒉䘬怟䦣↮㔋炻ⶫ彚㕷䘬倂句夷㧉崲Ἦ 崲⮷炻怲䓴ḇ崲Ἦ崲㧉䱲ˤ䃞侴㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬慵天⿏᷎㛒⚈㬌㷃⻙炻䚠⍵䘬炻怟䦣 忶䦳᷎㛒⺽崟㮷㕷ㆾ䣦佌䘬↮塪炷楔㶝㜙ᶨ炻1954炸炻⎗夳⛐㖍㛔Ṣ䘬ṳℍ⇵炻⌛

ἧ倂句↮㔋ᶼ䓙⣂ᾳ㮷㕷䳬ㆸ䓙炻Ữ忁⣿墯暄䘬奒Ⱄ斄Ὢṵ㗗ⶫ彚㕷䣦㚫䘬慵天 㥳ㆸ⃫䳈ˤᶵ㕟↮塪栗䎦Ḯ⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷䣦㚫㝸䧖䦳⹎ᶲ䘬攳㓦⿏ˤ劍㝸ᶨ㮷㕷䘬 ㆸ⒉゛≈ℍ⎎ᶨ倂句炻忂ⷠ⃰␴娚倂句ℏ䘬奒㇂⓮慷炻ℵ⼿⇘娚倂句ᷳ柀堾⎴シ

⼴炻⌛ㆸ䁢娚倂句ᷳㆸ⒉ˤ㮷㕷␴倂句攻䘬斄Ὢ⛐ᶵ㕟䘬↮塪␴⎰Ἕ⼴炻㻠㻠䃉 㱽塓㶭㤂∫↮ˤ

䃞侴炻䨞䪇ᶨᾳ倂句䓙⣂ᾳ㮷㕷䳬ㆸ䘬䎦尉炻⛐䨢攻ᶲ⏰䎦⾶㧋䘬㧋尴烎䓙

⣂ᾳ㮷㕷䳬ㆸ䘬倂句℞⍇⚈⍰悥㗗⚈䁢㮷㕷䘬⎹⢾㒜㔋╶烎娚⤪ỽ䓙倂句ᷕ䘬㮷 㕷䳬ㆸẍ⍲倂句䘬䨢攻↮ⶫḮ妋⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷倂句冯㮷㕷攻䘬斄Ὢ烎㛔䞼䨞⮯⛐⼴

临䪈䭨 忚ᶨ㬍㍊妶ˤ

19

䫔 䫔Ḽ䭨ˣ⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷⛇⛘ἧ䓐↮栆冯䣦㚫斄Ὢ

Ṣ栆䘬䓇㳣㕡⺷ˣ䣦㚫斄Ὢ冯⛇⛘ἧ䓐㕡⺷ᶱ侭攻⭮↯䚠斄ˤ⚈㬌炻Ḯ妋⁛

䴙ⶫ彚㕷䘬䣦㚫䓇㳣⤪ỽ冯⛇⛘ἧ䓐ṌḺ⼙枧炻䁢㛔䞼䨞暨㍊妶ᷳ慵天㤪⾝ˤᶳ 㔯⮯㚫ὅ㔯䌣屯㕁炻↮⇍⯙⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷䘬䌝⟜ˣ侽⛘⍲⺢⛘ᶱ侭冯䣦㚫斄Ὢ攻䘬 Ḻ≽忚埴妶婾ˤġ

⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷⮯⛇⛘䘬ἧ䓐↮䁢ᶱ栆烉䌝⟜ˣ侽⛘⍲⺢⛘ˤ⁛䴙䘬彚㤕㳣≽䁢 䵕㊩䓇妰䘬ᷣ天Ἦ㸸炻⚈㬌侽⛘ᷳ⬀⛐ᶵ⎗ㆾ仢ˤ⃀䭉䊑䌝᷎朆ᷣ天䌚⍾梇䈑䘬 Ἦ㸸炻⌣冯㔯⊾䓇㳣⭮↯䚠斄烊ᶵ⼙枧䓟⿏⛐㮷㕷ᷕ䘬䣦㚫⛘ỵ炻ḇ㰢⭂㮷㕷 䘬䣦㚫怲䓴䭬⚵ˤ⺢⛘昌⭞⯳⢾炻ḇ⎗傥⊭⏓尊梲⭞䔄䘬䔄况ˣ䓘攻䘬⮷况ㆾ侭 䌝⮖䫱ˤῤ⼿㲐シ䘬㗗炻忁ᶱ栆⛇⛘ἧ䓐㕡⺷᷎ᶵ⯨旸㕤⎴ᶨ嗽䨢攻忚埴炻⎗傥

⃰⼴⬀⛐㕤⎴ᶨ⟲⛇⛘炻Ữᶵ⎗傥⎴㗪䘤䓇炻⚈㬌⛇⛘䘬ἧ䓐㕡⺷㗗㳩≽䘬炻Ữ 䘮⛐㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬夷䭬ᶳ忳ἄˤġ

劍ẍᶨᾳ⚻Ἦẋ堐ᶨᾳ㮷㕷䘬䌝⟜炻⇯侽⛘⛐䌝⟜䘬⚻ℏ炻⺢⛘⇯䁢㚨ℏⰌ 䘬⚻炻⤪⚾⚃ˤ䌝⟜䘬䭬⚵㭼崟侽⛘␴⺢⛘⺋敲䘬⣂炻⍇⚈Ἦ冒㕤䌝⟜䘬ἧ䓐㪲 㗗ẍ㮷㕷䁢╖ỵ炻䭬⚵⼨⼨㗗⽆ᶨᾳ䧄䶂ㆾ㹒㹅⇘⎎ᶨᾳ䧄䶂ㆾ㹒㹅ˤḇ⚈㬌炻 䌝⟜ẋ堐叿㮷㕷䘬⊊≃䭬⚵炻⋨↮Ḯˬㆹ˭冯ˬ朆ㆹ˭䘬ⶖ䔘炷叱⭞⮏炻2002炸ˤ ᶵ⎴㮷㕷䘬Ṣᶵ㚫庽㖻嶐崲䌝⟜䓴䶂炻ᶨ㕡朊⎗傥⽭枰屈㑼婌妠ṾṢ星旙䘬桐 晒炻⎎ᶨ㕡朊炻劍塓䘤䎦忚ℍ⇍Ṣ䘬䌝⟜炻⮯⎗傥⺽Ἦ㭢幓ᷳ䤵ˤ㬌⢾炻劍忚ℍ

⇍䘬㮷㕷䘬䌝⟜ℏㇻ䌝炻暨⮯悐↮䌝䈑↮䴎㑩㚱娚䌝⟜䘬㮷㕷炻 䁢䦇慹丛䲵炷᷀

℞嫁炻1966炸ˤ䷥ᷳ炻⮵ⶫ彚㕷侴妨炻ᾅ堃冒⶙䘬䌝⟜⮵㮷㕷侴妨㗗慵天ᶵ⎗庽

⾥ᷳḳˤㇻ䌝ᶵ㗗䁢Ḯ䌚⼿䌝䈑炻㚜㗗⮵冒⶙㮷㕷䘬㋵堃炻ᶵ嬻䔘⥻ㆾ䔘㕷Ὕ 䉗ˤ

ġ ġ ġ

ġ ġ ġ

⚾⚃ˣ䌝⟜ˣ侽⛘⍲⺢⛘ᷳ䨢攻斄Ὢ⚾ġ 屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉㛔䞼䨞㔜䎮ġ

ġ

䌝⟜ẋ堐叿㮷㕷䘬䭬⚵炻⚈㬌䓴䶂䚠⮵㶭㤂炻Ữ侽⛘⌣㗗ᶵ 嬲≽䘬炻晾 䃞㗗ẍ⭞䁢╖ỵ炻Ữ⎴ᶨ⟲ẹ侽⛘㗗⎴ᶨ㮷㕷ℏảỽṢ悥傥ἧ䓐䘬ˤ`⤪ᶨ⟲⛘

䘬⛘≃⯂⎗炻㚫⃰攳⡦ 䁢㖙⛘ἧ䓐炻⼭䴻忶Ḵ军ᶱ⸜炻⛘≃便䚉炻ὧ㡬伖䁢ẹ 侽⛘炻㬌䁢⁛䴙Ⱉ䓘䅺⡦侽䧖㕡⺷ˤ䔞ᶨ⟲⛘塓ẹ侽炻⎴倂句䘬℞Ṿ⭞⹕⼿ẍἧ 䓐忁⟲⛘忚埴攳⡦ˤ䃉婾㗗䌝⟜ㆾ侽⛘炻⃰Ἦ侭ᷳ⭞⹕悥㚱㚨⣏䘬怠㑯㪲ˤ䔞ᶨ

⟲⛘塓䫔ᶨỵ攳⡦侭怠䁢℞侽⛘⼴炻㚫⛐忁⟲⛘忚埴攳⡦䤕(Mapulaho)炻䣰䥙忁

⟲⛘䘬曰(Hanito)ᾅỹ寸㓞炻㍍叿⛐忁⟲⛘ ᶳ姀嘇炻堐䣢忁⟲⛘⶚㚱Ṣ攳⡦ˤ䃞 侴炻忁᷎ᶵシ␛叿忁⟲侽⛘⌛ἧⰔ㕤Ṿ䘬⭞⹕炻ẋ堐⍾⼿⃒⃰侽䧖䘬㪲⇑ˤ 湫ㅱ屜娵䁢炻⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷⛇⛘ἧ䓐䘬㇨㚱㪲⍲ἧ䓐㪲᷎ᶵ⬴ℐ䚠⎴烊㇨㚱㪲Ἦ冒 㕤䫔ᶨỵ䘤䎦侭炻ẍ⍲℞䇞䲣㮷㕷⛀橼烊Ữἧ䓐㪲⇯Ἦ冒㕤⛇⛘冯ᾳṢᷳ攻曰 (Hanito)䘬Ḻ≽䳸㝄炻劍ᾳṢ䘬 Hanito ≃慷ᶵ⣈⻟炻ㆾ侭忁⟲⛘䘬 Hanito 㰺㚱㓗

㊩侽䧖侭ㆾㇻ䌝侭炻䘮ᶵ㚫㚱⤥䘬㓞䨓炻従ἧṾ⽭枰⎎夻䌝⟜ㆾ侽⛘ˤ䃉婾⤪ỽ炻

➢㛔ᶲ⎴ᶨᾳ䇞䲣㮷㕷⛀橼ㆸ⒉⎗⛐ᶨ⟲⛘ẹ侽㛇攻炻ᶵ䴻䫔ᶨỵ攳⡦侭ᷳ⎴シ ἧ䓐娚⛇⛘炻劍ᶵ㗗⎴ᶨᾳ䇞䲣㮷㕷⛀橼ㆸ⒉炻暨䴻忶⍇Ἦ攳⡦侭ᷳ⎴シㇵ⼿ẍ ἧ䓐ˤ⚈㬌炻侽⛘ᷳ怲䓴怈㭼䌝⟜Ἦ䘬㧉䱲炻Ữ➢㛔ᶲṵẍˬ⭞˭炻⍲℞埵䓇䁢 ἧ䓐╖ỵˤ

侽⛘ 䌝⟜

⺢⛘

⺢⛘

⺢⛘

21

⺢⛘㇨㚱㪲冯侽⛘ᶨ㧋ẍˬ⭞˭䁢╖ỵ炻ᶼⰔ㕤㚨㖑Ἦ㬌倂句⭂⯭ᷳ⭞⹕炻

⍲℞䇞䲣㮷㕷⛀橼ˤỮ䚠庫㕤侽⛘炻⺢⛘䘬㇨㚱㪲㚜≈㖶䡢ˤ⛐ᶨ⟲⛘⺢伖⭞⯳

⇵炻⎗傥ἄ䁢侽⛘ㆾ䌝⟜ἧ䓐炻䦣ℍ侭⎒天䴻忶⛇⛘㇨㚱侭ᷳ⎴シ炻⌛⎗⺢⯳⯭

ỷˤỮ➢㛔ᶲ᷎朆㏕⺢⬴ㆸ⌛ㆸ䁢⭞⯳炻侴㗗⯭ỷ侭⽭枰℟㚱奒Ⱄ斄Ὢᶼ䨑⭂⯭

ỷ叿炻⭞⯳ℏḇ暨㚱⃚⬀䘬䲏梇炻ᶼ㚱㚦⯭ỷ⛐㬌⯳䘬ㆸ⒉⍣ᶾ᷎塓❳㕤⯳ℏ⛘

ᶳ炻ẍᶲ䘮ㆸ䩳⼴炻ㇵ⎗⭋䧙㬌⺢䈑䁢⭞⯳炻᷎䡢䩳Ḯ㇨㚱㪲ˤ

䓙ᶲ徘⎗䞍炻⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷䘬㇨㚱⛇⛘ἧ䓐㕡⺷炻䃉婾䌝⟜ˣ侽⛘ㆾ⺢⛘炻 悥ẍ㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬夷䭬䁢忳ἄ⍇⇯炻⛇⛘䘬㑩㚱侭⽭䃞䁢㮷㕷䘬ㆸ⒉炻Ữ⛐ἧ䓐䘬 㪲⇑ᶲ炻⇯䴎Ḱ庫⣂䘬⻰⿏炻᷎ᶼ䴎Ḱ㚱傥≃侭ㆾ侭㚱暨㯪侭⇑䓐䘬㨇㚫ˤ忁䧖

⮯㮷㕷䳬䷼冯⛘➇䳬䷼䳸⎰䘬⁦⎹炻湫ㅱ屜䧙ἄ㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬⛘➇⊾炷湫ㅱ屜炻 2012炸ˤ⎬栆䘬⛇⛘⛯↮Ⱄ⛐ᶵ⎴䘬㮷㕷Ⰼ䳂ᶳ炻ἧ㮷㕷䳬䷼ᶵ╖╖⎒㗗奒Ⱄ斄 Ὢ炻㚜㗗␴⛘➇⿏䘬䳬䷼㝞㥳䚠慵䔲ˤ冱ἳἮ婒炻劍⎹㕷Ṣ⓷崟䣾⯭⛘ᷳḳ炻㍸

⍲㱁慴ẁ㹒ᶨⷞ䘬冲䣦㗪炻㕷Ṣὧ㚫㊯娵忶⍣忁ᶨⷞᷣ天㗗 Islitoan炷悉䣦佌䶐嘇 A炸㮷㕷㇨⯭ỷ䘬ˤ

ḳ⮎ᶲ炻㮷㕷䳬䷼䘬⛘➇⊾㖑⛐㔠䘦⸜⇵炻ⶫ彚㕷䣾⃰⽆冲⣏䣦⎹⢾怟䦣 ὧ攳⥳↢䎦ˤⶫ彚Ṣ䚠ᾉ㖑㛇䘬倂句㗗ẍ⭞䁢╖ỵ炻ᶨᾳ倂句䓙ᶨᾳ⭞炻ẍ⍲℞

䇞䲣㮷㕷ㆸ⒉䳬ㆸ炻ἧ⼿㮷㕷ㆸ䁢䌐䩳䘬⛘➇╖ỵˤ䃞侴⛐㖍㱣㗪㛇普⛀䦣ỷ⇵炻

⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷倂句⌣ᶵℵ㗗䓙╖ᶨ㮷㕷㇨䳬ㆸ炻ᶼ⵺䣦佌倂句䘬㮷㕷䳬ㆸ⍰㭼悉䣦 佌Ἦ䘬墯暄ˤ劍⽆㔯䌣Ἦ䚳炻晐Ṣ⎋㒜⻝炻侽⛘⍲䌝⟜ᶵ嵛炻ㆾ⚈䔘㕷ᷳὝ䉗䫱

⚈䳈炻ⶫ彚㕷攳⥳忚埴㻓攟䘬怟䦣炻ἧ⼿㮷㕷冯⛘➇ᷳ怲䓴攳⥳㧉䱲炻ḇ⚈㬌炻 ᶨᾳ倂句ᶵℵ㗗╖䲼ẍᶨᾳ㮷㕷䁢䳬ㆸ╖ỵ炻䓂军姙⣂⛘➇ᶨℑ㇞⯭ỷ炻⼊ㆸ 㔋⯭䘬⯭ỷ✳ン炷叱⭞⮏炻2002烊湫ㅱ屜炻2012炸ˤ䃞侴炻䨞䪇⛐普⛀䦣ỷ⇵炻

⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷倂句䘬㮷㕷↮ⶫ䁢ỽ烎㗗⏎ṵ思⽒叿㮷㕷䳬䷼⛘➇⊾䘬嵐⊊烎⍰炻娚

⤪ỽ妋慳倂句䘬㮷㕷↮ⶫ烎㛔䞼䨞ⶴ㛃⮯⎚㕁德忶⛘⚾㕡⺷⏰䎦㮷㕷䘬䨢攻↮

ⶫ炻忚侴㍊妶ᶲ徘ᷳ⓷柴ˤ

䫔 䫔ℕ䭨ˣ㖍㱣㗪ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ

大⃫ᶨℓḅḼ⸜㖍㛔㓧⹄冒㶭㛅ㇳᷕ㍍㓞冢䀋炻攳⥳䁢㛇Ḽ⋩⸜䘬㖍㱣㗪 ẋˤ朊⮵⯭ỷ㕤㶙Ⱉ䘬⍇ỷ㮹炻⇅㛇㍉⍾㆟㝼㓧䫾炻岰冯惺ˣ梇ˣ厠ˣⶫ䫱㖍ⷠ

䓐⑩㉱㒷㕷Ṣ炻⎴㗪㱧多㶭㛅䘬㑓⡦⯨炻姕䩳㑓⡦会炻㌴䭉Ⱉ⛘屯㸸攳䘤ᷳḳ枭ˤ 㬌㗪⭀㕡⮵㕤⍇ỷ㮹䘬䭉䎮㓧䫾ᷣ天⽆䴻㾇䘬奺⹎↢䘤炻⊭⏓㧇儎䘬墥忈ˣ㜿㤕 䘬攳䘤䫱炻ᶼ娵䁢⍇ỷ㮹䘬Ⱉ䓘䅺⡦㚫䟜⢆Ⱉᷕ䍵屜䘬㜿㛐屯㸸炻⚈㬌⛐ 1900

⸜攳⥳↢䎦ˬ哫Ṣ䦣ỷ˭ᷳ妶婾ḳ枭炻ⓗ㬌㗪⭀㕡⮵㕤⍇ỷ㮹䘬㌴㍏䦳⹎ᶵ檀炻

⚈㬌㓧䫾ᶲṵẍ㍐忚晀≯䶂䘬㕡⺷忚埴ˤ䚜⇘ 1906 ⸜炻㕘ᶲả䘬䷥䜋Ỹᷭ攻ⶎ楔

⣒忚埴ℑ㫉炻ℙ䁢㛇⋩⸜䘬ˬḼ⸜䎮哫妰䔓˭炻䧵㤝ẍ㬎≃妶Ẹ㈿㖍ㆾ侭㛒㬠枮䘬

⍇ỷ㮹炻᷎㊩临㍐忚晀≯䶂ˤ䚜⇘ 1916 ⸜炻䎮哫妰䔓䳸㜇炻⭀㕡䘤䎦㬎≃⦩☯⍲

㥵㝅㓞丛᷎ᶵ傥忷㬊⍇ỷ㮹㈿䇕炻䴻㩊妶⼴忪㕤 1921 ⸜攳⥳䧵㤝⯽攳⍇ỷ㮹䘬㑓 做㓧䫾炻⊭⏓攳搧䎮哫忻嶗ˣ徸㬍㕥埴普⛀䦣ỷˣ㊯⮶㯜䓘侽ἄˣ㔁做⍲慓䗪䘬

⃭⮎䫱炻㬌㗪炻婯Ḯ役Ḵ⋩⸜䘬普⛀䦣ỷ㓧䫾ㇵ䛇㬋攳⥳句⮎ˤ悉⣏㹒㳩➇⍲昛 㚱嗕㹒㳩➇ⶫ彚㕷⛐ 1920 ⸜塓∫㬠䁢冢ᷕⶆ㕘檀悉炻1922 ⸜攳⥳炻徸㬍⯽攳妰 䔓⿏䘬䦣ỷ炷㜿㽌⭴炻1998烊惕⬱㘆炻2000炸ˤġ

ġ 1916 ⸜炻⭀㕡攳⥳攳搧嬎⁁忻炻℞ᷕ⮵㬌ᶨⷞⶫ彚㕷⼙枧㚨⣏侭䁢ˬᷕᷳ䶂 嬎⁁忻˭炻㱧悉⣏㹒㱧Ⱡ䫱檀䶂攳搧炻䴻忶悉䣦佌ˣ⵺䣦佌⍲ᷡ䣦佌倂句炻㭷昼ᶨ 㭝嶅暊姕䩳楸⛐㇨ˤ嬎⁁忻ẍ䶂䘬㕡⺷屓䨧⎬倂句炻楸⛐㇨⇯ẍ溆䘬㕡⺷㔋ⶫ㕤 倂句攻炻ẍ㬌⼊ㆸ䵚䴉㶙ℍⶫ彚㕷悐句ᷕ炻枸旚⍇ỷ㮹䘬⍵㈿ˤ晾䃞⤪㬌炻ⶫ彚 㕷ẍ㔋⯭䁢ᷣ䘬⯭ỷ✳ンṵ䃞䃉㱽ἧ嬎⮇䲣䴙㚱㓰侴ℐ朊䘬䚋㍏⍇ỷ㮹䘬䓇㳣炻 悐句ᷳ攻⼨⼨昼叿态怈嶅暊炻⛐㚱旸䘬Ṣ≃ᶳ炻⛘㕡嬎ㇳḇ⎒傥㴰㤝䘬䭉䎮ˤ㬋

⚈䁢⤪㬌炻1922 ⸜⭀㕡攳⥳⛐㛔⋨➇忚埴⮷夷㧉䘬普⛀䦣ỷ炻⮯⯭ỷ⛐檀㴟㉼䘬 倂句ℐ悐䦣军Ⱉ儛ᶳㆾ侭楸⛐㇨旬役炻ᶼ㬌ᶨ㗪㛇䘬䦣ỷẍ悉䣦佌倂句䁢ᷣ炷惕

⬱㘆炻2000炸ˤġ

23

⍣ẍˬ哫⛘攳䘤˭䁢ᷣ䘬䎮哫㓧䫾炻⻟婧㑓做㔁⊾䘬慵天⿏ˤ⎴㗪㚜≈䧵㤝䘬憅

⮵⍇ỷ㮹㕷ẍ⍲⍇ỷ㮹䘬⯭ỷ䨢攻ἄℐ朊䘬婧㞍炻䧙ᷳ䁢ˬ哫⛘攳䘤婧㞍˭炻℞ᷕ

⊭⏓䁢⼴临⌛⮯忚埴䘬⣏夷㧉普⛀䦣ỷ㓧䫾⮳㈦怑䔞䘬䦣ỷ⛘ˤ1933 ⸜炻㖍㛔⭀

㕡ẍᶱ⸜䘬㗪攻炻⮯悉⣏㹒ᶲ㷠䘬悉䣦佌倂句ℙℓᾳ䣦怟⼨昛㚱嗕㹒㳩➇䘬㤈Ṽ 儛叔䣦炷⌛Ṳ伭⧄炸炻㈽ᶳ⣏慷屯㸸⺢忈䁢㕷Ṣ⺢忈㇧⯳ˣ㔁做㇨ˣ姢䗪㇨䫱炻⎴

㗪♜⭮䚋㍏䗏䕦デ㝻炻䁢㖍⼴℞Ṿ䣦佌䘬䦣ỷ妰䔓⤈ᶳㆸ≇䘬➢䢶ˤ⵺䣦佌䘬普

⛀䦣ỷ䁢⋿㈽⛘⋨Ḽᾳⶫ彚㕷䣦佌ᷕ㚨⼴ᶨᾳ炻℞⍇⚈昌Ḯ⚈䁢Ṣ⎋㔠㚨⣂炻ᶵ

⭡㖻⮳㈦⇘怑⎰䘬䦣ỷ⛘炻⎴㗪ḇ⍿䔞㗪⵺䣦佌䘬柀⮶侭 Tama Payan ➭㊩ᶵ偗怟 暊䣾⃰⯭ỷ⛘⼙枧ˤ1938 ⸜炻忁ỵ㶙⍿㕷Ṣ⍲㖍㛔Ṣ㔔慵䘬柀堾忶ᶾ⼴炻⵺䣦佌 㕷Ṣὧ倥␥㕤㖍㛔⭀㕡忚埴怟䦣炻⭀㕡⃰㍊娊㕷Ṣᷕシ䘬䦣ỷ⛘炻㍍叿ὧ攳⥳⣏

夷㧉䘬⵺䣦佌怟䦣炷惕⬱㘆炻2000炸ˤ䚜军 1941 ⸜炻悉⣏㹒ˣ⵺⣏㹒⍲ᷡ⣏㹒㳩

➇㜛䃉Ṣ䄁炻ᶵℵ↢䎦ảỽⶫ彚㕷倂句炷叱檀厗炻2013炸ˤġ

㛔䞼䨞斄㲐⋿㈽⛘⋨悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌倂句ᷳ↮Ự炻᷎⽆ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙䣦㚫䳬䷼

⍲冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ妶婾ᷳ炻⚈㬌⮵㕤⍿⢾⛐㓧㪲⼙枧ᶳ䘬倂句↮Ự炻䃉婾㗗 1933

⸜ẍ⇵䘬⮷夷㧉䦣ỷ炻㈹ㆾ㗗 1933 ⸜ẍ⼴⍿⣏夷㧉普⛀侴⼊ㆸᷳ倂句炻䘮ᶵḰ㵝

㊔忚㍍ᶳἮ䘬妶婾ᷕˤ㎃⎍娙婒炻㛔䞼䨞ᷳ䞼䨞⮵尉䁢普⛀䦣ỷ⇵炻ḇ⯙㗗⛐冒

ᷣ怟䦣ᷳᶳ炻㕤⋿㈽⛘⋨⼊ㆸᷳ悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌倂句ˤ

䫔 䫔ᶫ䭨ˣⶫ彚㕷⭞⯳怠⛨㘢ㄏ

ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙倂句䘬↮Ự⛐冒䃞䑘⠫朊⎹ᶲ炻⯽䎦Ḯⶫ彚㕷⮵㕤檀Ⱉ䑘⠫䘬檀

⹎怑ㅱ⿏炻朊⮵⣂嬲䘬䑘⠫㡅ẞ炻䘤⯽↢攟㛇冯冒䃞ℙ嗽䘬䑘⠫㘢ㄏˤ⛐忶⍣䘬 㔯䌣ᷕ炻ᶵ᷷斄㕤ⶫ彚㕷䑘⠫㘢ㄏ䘬䞼䨞炻栗䣢↢⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷⛐朊⮵冒䃞䑘⠫䘬 埴䁢㰢䫾ᶲᷳℙ忂溆ˤ

㟡㒂㰇ⅈ㥖䘬䞼䨞炷2010炸炻㬠䲵↢ℓ忂斄崲ⵢ忻㜙㭝ᷳⶫ彚㕷冲䣦倂句ᷕ炻

⭞⯳怠⛨䘬㘢ㄏ⍲䑘⠫怠㑯䘬㡅ẞ炻↮䁢䧵㤝㡅ẞˣ㴰㤝㡅ẞˤ䧵㤝㡅ẞᷣ天⍿

幵ḳ旚䥎ˣ彚㤕㳣≽⼙枧炻⊭⏓✉⹎ˣ✉⎹ˣ⛘≃ˣ㯜㸸䫱烊㴰㤝㡅ẞ⇯⊭㊔朆 惘役㹓㱱⋨ˣ朆湹䄲⯭⛘ˣ朆ⳑ⛘ˣ朆惘役ᷣ㳩㱛ⶅˣ朆Ṿ䌝佌⟜ˣ⣊⌈䫱ˤ忁 ṃ䑘⠫㡅ẞ䘬怠㑯悥冯ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙Ṣ奨ˣ䈑奨ˣ䨢攻奨㚱⭮↯斄Ὢˤ怠⛨ᶵ⃭

↮⯽䎦ⶫ彚㕷㕷Ṣ⛐㰢䫾ᶲ䘬冒ᷣ⿏炻ḇ栗䣢ⶫ彚㕷⽆䴻槿⁛㈧䘬㘢ㄏ炻⮵㕤䈡

⭂冒䃞㡅ẞ䘬⇌㕟炻ẍ⍲㖍ⷠ䓇㳣ᷕ朊⮵䑘⠫䓇ン䘬ン⹎ˤ

⛐˪ⶫ彚㕷悐句崟㸸⍲悐句怟䦣⎚˫ᷕ炻㴟㧡⃺Ȇ䉖⇴㉱厚⽆ⶫ彚㕷悐句 炷Asang炸䘬⼊ㆸ婯崟炻䁢⮳㈦㕘䌝⟜炻䓙⍇⯭⛘ᷕ怟↢炻⺢䩳㕘䘬㟡㒂⛘ˤ斄 㕤⮳㈦㕘䘬㒂溆炻㴟㧡⃺㬠䲵↢㔠ᾳ⍇⇯炻⊭⏓冯⍇⯭⛘攻䘬嶅暊ˣ㗗⏎傥怑ㅱ 㕘⯭⛘䘬䑘⠫㯋῁ˣ⛘⼊ᶲ㗗⏎℟㚱旚䥎≇傥ˣ㗗⏎㚦䴻䘤䓇ᶵ䤍䘬ḳẞ䫱炷㴟 㧡⃺Ȇ㉼⇴㉱厚炻2006炸ˤ⎎⢾炻䓘⒚䙲炷2013炸ḇ㍷徘⍇⥳䘬ⶫ彚㕷倂句⛐⯭ỷ ỵ伖ᶲ炻㚱℞⛐冒䃞䑘⠫ᶲ䘬怠㑯㡅ẞ炻ἳ⤪⽭枰怑⎰彚ἄ䈑䘬䧖㢵ˣ⛐⛘⊊ᶲ ᶵ⎗䁢⸛✎⛘⏎⇯暋ẍ旚䥎ˣ傥⣈⍾⼿梚䓐㯜䘬⎹春✉朊ˣ⽭枰性攳ᶵ䤍ᷳ⛘䫱ˤġ

䓙ẍᶲ䘬㔯䌣炻⎗䘤䎦ⶫ彚㕷⛐怠㑯⯭ỷ⛘㗪炻⮵㕤冒䃞䑘⠫䘬⇌㕟㚱℞ℙ 忂⿏ˤ昌㺧嵛➢㛔䘬䓇㳣⍲⬱ℐ暨㯪炻⤪㯜㸸䘬⍾⼿ˣ侽⛘䘬⛘≃ˣ旚䥎⢾㕷Ὕ 䔍䫱⚈䳈⢾炻㚜慵天䘬㗗⛐䑘⠫䘬₡ῤ⇌㕟側⼴䘬娖慳⍲㔯⊾䤩⽴傰䴉炻⛐⁛䴙 ⶫ彚㕷㔯⊾ᷕ炻⇯㗗德忶⣊⌈炻ẍ曰炷hanito炸䘬≃慷⮵娙炻姽Ộ怑ᶵ怑㕤⯭ỷˤ

ⶫ彚㕷䘬⁛䴙䑘⠫㘢ㄏ⺢䩳⛐冯䑘⠫Ḻ≽ᶲ䘬䴻槿⍲㔯⊾ᶲ䘬娖慳炻⚈㬌⽭

25

䃞冯⛘➇䘬䈡⿏㚱⭮↯斄Ὢˤⶫ彚㕷↮Ự䭬⚵念⍲ᷕ⣖Ⱉ傰Ⱉ⋨炻䃉婾⋿㈽䷋ˣ 剙咖䷋ˣ冢㜙䷋ㆾ檀晬ⶪ炻䘮⎗夳⇘ⶫ彚㕷䘬嵛嶉ˤ䃞侴ẍᶲ䞼䨞⣂⯙⣏朊䧵䭬

⚵ℏ䘬ⶫ彚㕷忚埴⺋㲃䘬妶婾炻˪ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙⺢䭱⭞⯳怠⛨ᷳ㘢ㄏ˫ᶨ㔯ẍℓ忂斄 崲ⵢ忻㜙㭝役Ḽ⋩ᾳ冲䣦倂句䁢ἳ炻˪ⶫ彚㕷悐句崟㸸⍲悐句怟䦣⎚˫ẍ⍲˪䌱Ⱉ 䘬⬰嬟侭ʇⶫ彚㕷˫⇯䘮ẍ㘖念⿏⍇⇯㍷徘㇨㚱ⶫ彚㕷䘬怠⛨㡅ẞˤ⃀䭉ẍᶲ䘬 䞼䨞䳸㝄㚱℞ℙ忂⿏炻Ữⶫ彚㕷䘬忁⣿䑘⠫㘢ㄏ㗗⏎℟㚱䴙ᶨ⿏烎⍰ㆾ侭ㆹᾹ娚

⤪ỽ⍣䎮妋䑘⠫㘢ㄏ␴⛘➇⿏ᷳ攻䘬斄倗烎⚈㬌炻㛔䞼䨞娵䁢⚆⇘⮷⋨➇䘬⯢⹎

Ἦ慵㕘䚳⼭ⶫ彚㕷⛐倂句怠㑯ᶲ䘬䑘⠫㘢ㄏ㚱℞慵天⿏ˤ䫔ℕ䪈⮯⽆⮎晃姒婯屯 㕁ẍ⍲䫮侭冯㕷Ṣ㶙ℍⰙᷕ㍊姒冲悐句䘬䳸㝄炻䳸⎰ Google Earth 䨢攻屯妲⸛

⎘炻妶婾倂句↮ⶫ冯冒䃞䑘⠫攻䘬斄Ὢˤ

䫔 䫔ᶱ䪈ˣ䞼䨞㕡㱽

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ䞼䨞⮵尉

⤪䫔Ḵ䪈䫔Ḵ䭨㇨徘炻⛐㖍㛔⭀㕡忚埴普⛀䦣ỷ⇵炻ⶫ彚㕷䘬⊊≃䭬⚵ᷣ天

⍿冯Ṿ㕷ᷳ攻䘬≽ン斄Ὢ⼙枧炻⚈㬌⛐䨢攻ᶲ炻ⶫ彚㕷倂句䘬䭬⚵晐㗪攻侴㚱㇨

ᶵ⎴ˤỮ䓙㕤䞼䨞ᶲ䘬旸⇞炻ℵ≈ᶲⶫ彚㕷᷎㰺㚱㔯⫿姀庱㬟⎚炻⚈㬌暋ẍ⚆㹗

⇘⎬ᾳᶵ⎴㗪攻䘬䨢攻↮Ựˤ㬌⢾炻㕤䫔Ḵ䪈䫔ℕ䭨ḇ婯⇘炻1930 ⸜ẋ㖍㛔㓧⹄

䁢䴙㱣䭉䎮ᷳὧ炻⣏夷㧉䘬⮯⋿㈽⛘⋨ⶫ彚㕷䓙悉⣏㹒ˣᷡ⣏㹒ᶨⷞ怟䦣军昛㚱 嗕㹒⍲剙咖ˣ⎘㜙⛘⋨炻ἧ⼿䎦ṲㆹᾹ㇨䚳⇘⋿㈽⛘⋨䘬ⶫ彚㕷悐句⸦᷶ᶵ㗗⛐

冒ᷣ怟⽁ᷕ⼊ㆸ䘬⁛䴙倂句炻㓭䃉㱽塓䲵ℍ㛔䞼䨞䘬↮㜸ᷕˤ⛐媠⣂㡅ẞ旸⇞ᶳ炻 㛔䞼䨞怠㑯ẍ䎦Ṳ埴㓧䭬⚵ℏ炻⋿㈽䷋悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌ⶫ彚㕷炻℞㕤 1933 ⸜⍿⣏

夷㧉普⛀䦣ỷ⇵䘬倂句↮Ự炻ẍ昛㚱嗕㹒ˣ悉⣏㹒ˣ⵺⣏㹒䫱㳩➇䁢ᷣ炻㚨⊿军

ᷡ⣏㹒ˣ军劮Ⱉ炻㚨⋿⇯军䙮楺Ⱉ⍲悉⣏Ⱉᷳ攻䘬悉⣏㹒㳩➇ˤ

⚾Ḽˣ䞼䨞䭬⚵

27

䫔 䫔Ḵ䭨ˣ䞼䨞㕡㱽

㛔䞼䨞䁢㍊妶ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙倂句ᷳ䨢攻↮Ự⍲℞⼙枧⚈䳈炻⮯倂句ỵ伖丒㕤⛘

⚾ᷕ炻䴻忶䨢攻⊾⍲夾奢⊾炻Ḯ妋倂句↮Ự冯㮷㕷䳬䷼⍲冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ攻䘬䚠Ḻ 斄Ὢˤ⚈㬌炻㛔䞼䨞ᷣ天德忶屯㕁㨼㟰冯㔯䌣⚆栏ˣ⍫冯⺷⛘䎮屯妲䲣䴙ˣ⮎⛘

嶷㞍ẍ⍲䨢攻↮㜸䘬㕡⺷炻吸普᷎↮㜸㔜䎮⁛䴙倂句䨢攻溆ỵ⍲䚠斄Ⱄ⿏屯㕁炻 ℵẍ GIS ㈨埻↮㜸倂句ᷳ↮Ự⍲⼙枧ᷳ⚈䳈ˤ

1. 屯㕁㨼㟰冯㔯䌣⚆栏²

屯㕁㨼㟰冯㔯䌣⚆栏ᷣ天䓐ẍ㌴㎉䈡⭂⟜⎰䘬㬟⎚傰䴉炻德忶屯㕁䘬吸普冯

↮㜸炻墄⃭℞Ṿ䞼䨞㕡㱽媠⤪⍫冯奨⮇ˣ姒婯䫱ᷳᶵ嵛ˤ㬌䧖䞼䨞㱽㗗ᶨ䧖朆ṳ ℍ⿏炷unobtrusive炸䘬㕡㱽炻⛐䞼䨞忚埴䘬⎴㗪炻䞼䨞⟜➇⍲⮵尉ᶵ㚫⍿⇘⸚㒦ˤ

⛐忁墉炻屯㕁㨼㟰㊯䘬㗗憅⮵㝸ᶨ䣦㚫ˣ䣦佌ㆾ䳬䷼⭂㛇吸普侴⼿䘬䲨抬炻⊭⏓

㚫嬘姀抬ˣ℔⏲ˣ㕘倆⟙⮶䫱炻㕤䞼䨞㝞㥳ᷕ炻㏄⮳冯䞼䨞⓷柴䚠斄ᷳ屯妲ˤ⛐

䳸㜇㨼㟰冯㔯䌣䘬吸普⼴炻⼨⼨㚫忳䓐ℏ⭡↮㜸㱽炻⮯吸普侴Ἦ䘬屯㕁忚埴↮㜸炻 㰢⭂㇨天䞼䨞䘬婚柴䁢ỽ炻ᶼ⎴㗪⎗ẍ忚埴⎬屯㕁䘬Ṍ⍱㩊槿ˤ⚈㬌ℏ⭡↮㜸㱽 䘬⃒溆⛐㕤⎗ẍ㍸⋯䞼䨞䘬㓰䌯炻德忶⮯吸普侴Ἦ䘬屯㕁忚埴䶐䡤⍲↮㜸炻ẍ䚩

⍣⣏慷Ṣ≃䘬便屣⍲慵 䓘慶婧㞍ᷳ桐晒ˤ䃞侴炻㬌㕡㱽ḇ⎴㧋⬀⛐㼃⛐仢溆炻

⊭⏓忚埴↮㜸䘬屯㕁暨㚱嵛⣈ᾉ㓰⹎炻ᶼ暨天性⃵䞼䨞侭⮯吸普侴⼿䘬屯㕁忶⹎

娖慳⍲㍐婾炷Babbie, 2010烊Marshall and Rossman, 1995炸ˤġ

ġ 㛔䞼䨞斄㲐⋿㈽䷋悉⣏㹒㳩➇悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌炻㕤㖍㱣㗪ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ⇵䘬倂 句↮Ự炻䓙㕤㗪攻ᷭ怈炻ℵ≈ᶲ傥⣈㶭㤂㍷徘ℓ⋩⸜⇵倂句䓇㳣䘬侮侩Ṣ㔠⋩↮

㚱旸炻ᶨㇳ屯㕁䘬㓞普⍿⇘䚠䔞⣏䘬旸⇞炻⚈㬌㛔䞼䨞昌姒婯⢾炻ḇ⎴㗪德忶㔯 䌣屯㕁䘬吸普炻᷎忳䓐ℏ⭡↮㜸䘬㕡⺷炻徥㹗役䘦⸜⇵ⶫ彚㕷䘬䣦㚫⍲䓇㳣炻⽆

ᷕ䇔㡛倂句↮Ự䚠斄ᷳ⎚⮎ˤ℞ᷕ炻㇨吸普䘬㔯䌣⊭⏓㖍㱣㗪ẋ⬠侭⍲⭀㕡婧㞍

2⺽冒˪Designing Qualitative Research˫ᶨ㚠炻嬗㛔˪岒⿏䞼䨞ʇ姕妰冯妰䔓㑘⮓˫⮯ˬReview of Documents˭侣嬗䁢ˬ屯㕁㨼㟰ㆾ㔯䌣⚆栏˭ˤ

屯㕁ˣ役ẋṢ栆⬠⬠侭⮵㕤⁛䴙⍲䎦ẋⶫ彚㕷䘬䣦㚫䳬䷼⍲㔯⊾奨⾝ᷳ䞼䨞炻ẍ

⍲ 2002 ⸜军 2006 ⸜忚埴䘬ˬ⍇ỷ㮹㕷⁛䴙柀➇⛇⛘婧㞍˭妰䔓ᷳㆸ㝄ˤġ 㖍㱣㗪ẋ⭀㕡㓧⹄⮵冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㶙ℍᶼℐ朊䘬婧㞍晾䁢㖍㛔㬾㮹䘬慵天ㇳ 㭝炻Ữḇ⎴㗪ᾅ䔁䚠䔞䍵屜䘬㬟⎚屯㕁炻䁢䇦⼴⎘䀋⍇ỷ㮹Ṣ栆⬠⍲㬟⎚⬠䞼䨞

⤈⭂慵天➢䢶ˤ℞ᷕ炻˪哫㕷婧㞍⟙⏲㚠˫䫔ℕℲ炷1919炸⮵㕤㖍㱣㗪ẋ⇅㛇⁛䴙 ⶫ彚㕷䘬䣦㚫ˣ㔯⊾⍲䓇㳣䫱㚱娛䚉ᷳ姀庱烊˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠˫炷1938炸⇯㗗冢䀋

䷥䜋⹄䁢⯽攳㶙ℍ䘬⍇ỷ㮹㑓做㓧䫾侴忚埴䘬ᶨ䲣↿婧㞍炻䔞ᷕ䘬䫔ḼℲ姀庱Ḯ 䔞㗪䓙⎬楸⛐㇨吸普侴⼿䘬⎬悐句ᷳ㤪㱩炻⎗婒㗗㖍㱣㗪ẋ⮵㕤⍇ỷ㮹悐句ỵ伖 姀庱㚨䁢娛䚉侭烊⎎⢾炻㛔䞼䨞德忶ᷕ䞼昊Ṣ䣦ᷕ⽫⛘䎮屯妲䥹⬠䞼䨞⮰柴ᷕ⽫

ᷳˬ冢䀋䘦⸜㬟⎚⛘⚾˭䵚䪁㚵⊁炻ẍ⍲叱檀厗炷2013炸㕤䥹㈨悐⮰柴䞼䨞妰䔓

˨㖍㛔㗪ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ㓧䫾⮵ⶫ彚㕷冯㲃㲘晭㕷䣦㚫䵚䴉䘬堅㑲˩ᷕ炻Ṍ⍱⍫侫㖍 㱣㗪ẋḼ叔↮ᷳᶨ哫⛘⛘⼊⚾ẍ⍲℞Ṿ⭀㕡㔯䌣炻⮯䔞㗪㕘檀悉悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌

⎬䣦ᷳ溆ỵ屯㕁≈ẍ㔠⊾ᷳ⛘⚾ˤ

⎎⢾炻役⸦⸜Ἦ㛔⛇シ嬀㍸檀炻攳⥳ẍ⮳㟡ㆾ侭丒墥悐句⛘⚾㕡⺷㬋夾冒幓

⛇⛘䘬ᷣ㪲ˤ℞ᷕ⊭⏓埴㓧昊⍇ỷ㮹㕷⥼⒉㚫㕤 2002 ⸜军 2006 ⸜⥼妿忚埴䘬ˬ⍇

ỷ㮹㕷⁛䴙柀➇⛇⛘婧㞍˭妰䔓炻䔞ᷕ⮵㕤⋿㈽䷋ᾉ佑悱ⶫ彚㕷ᷳ⁛䴙柀➇婧㞍 䳸㝄寸䡑炻⊭⏓冲悐句ᷳ⎵䧙ˣ溆ỵˣ怟䦣㬟⎚ˣ㓭ḳ䫱炻䁢㛔䞼䨞⡆㶣屯㕁䘬 寸⭴⹎ˤ㛔䞼䨞德忶ẍᶲ屯㕁炻⣏慷吸普ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙倂句⎵䧙⍲↮Ựỵ伖炻冯姒 婯㇨⼿ᷳ倂句屯㕁炻忚埴Ṍ⍱㭼⮵炻ἄ䁢㛔䞼䨞⼴临↮㜸妶婾ᷳ慵天➢䢶ˤġ

䁢㌴㎉⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷㮷㕷䣦㚫ᷳ忳ἄ炻ẍ⍲倂句↮ⶫ冯㮷㕷䳬䷼攻䘬斄倗炻㛔 䞼䨞⍫侫忶⍣斄㕤ⶫ彚㕷㮷㕷䳬䷼ᷳ䞼䨞㔯䌣炻⽆⎬⥻㮷ᷳ䲣嬄ˣᶵ⎴Ⰼ䳂ᷳ㮷 㕷䓙Ἦˣᶵ⎴倂句ᷳ㮷㕷↮ⶫ炻ᷫ军㕤㮷㕷䳬䷼⤪ỽℐ朊䘬⼙枧⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷ᷳ䓇 㳣ˤ䦣ⶅ⫸ᷳ啷ˣ⭖㛔⺞Ṣˣ楔㶝㜙ᶨ䫱㖍㛔⬠侭⎰叿䘬˪冢䀋檀䞪㕷䲣䴙㇨Ⱄ

̯䞼䨞˫炷1935炸ᶨ㚠炻⬴㔜䘬姀庱Ḯ冢䀋⎬㕷佌奒Ⱄ斄Ὢ⍲䲣嬄屯㕁炻℞ᷕ⊭⏓

ⶫ彚㕷Ḽ⣏䣦佌䘬㮷㕷䲣嬄炻䁢㛔䞼䨞慵天䘬㮷㕷斄Ὢ屯㕁Ἦ㸸ˤ㬌⢾炻役ẋ⤪

29

恙℞嫁炷1966炸ˣ叱⭞⮏炷2002炸ˣ湫ㅱ屜炷2012炸䫱Ṣᷳ叿ἄ炻⮵㕤⁛䴙ⶫ彚㕷 㮷㕷䳬䷼㚱䚠䔞㶙ℍᶼ寸⍂䘬䞼䨞炻⮵㛔䞼䨞慸㶭㮷㕷䳬䷼ᷳ䣦㚫夷䭬⍲⛇⛘ἧ 䓐攻䘬斄Ὢ㚱䚠䔞⣏ᷳ届䌣ˤġ

ġ

ijį ⍫冯⺷⛘䎮屯妲䲣䴙ġ

㛔䞼䨞⺽䓐⍫冯⺷⛘䎮屯妲䲣䴙炷Participation GIS炻PGIS炸ᷳ㕡㱽⋼≑䓘慶 姒婯ᷳ忚埴炻叿慵㕤冲悐句䨢攻溆ỵᷳ↮ⶫ炻㍊䳊冲悐句⍲㮷㕷䳬䷼攻䘬斄Ὢˤ ẍ Google Earth ἄ䁢䨢攻⹏㧁⍲Ⱄ⿏屯㕁⼁㔜䘬⸛⎘炻⮯㔠⊾⼴䘬㬟⎚⚾屯冯䓘 慶姒婯屯㕁䳸⎰炻ẍ夾奢⊾㕡⺷⏰䎦炻ẍὧ㕤⼴临↮㜸⍲䎮妋ˤġ

PGIS 䘬↢䎦冯 GIS 䘬廱⎹㚱⭮↯斄Ὢ炻ẋ堐叿 ňŊŔ 䓙⮰⭞㈨埻⮶⎹㉻⯽⇘䣦 㚫⍫冯ˤ1990 ⸜ẋ攳⥳炻⬠埻䓴⮵㕤 ňŊŔ ⛐䣦㚫ˣ㓧㱣ˣ忻⽟朊⎹䘬㈡⇌㖍䙲冰 䚃炻㚱揹㕤㬌炻姙⣂䅇〱 GIS 䘬⮰⭞攳⥳㔜⎰⮰⭞冯⛘㕡勱㟡䞍嬀䘬奨溆炻᷎啱 叿⡆≈⍫冯侭䘬㕡⺷Ἦ≈ẍ⚆ㅱ炷Dunn, 2007炸ˤňŊŔ ㈨埻⽆⮰⭞卩劙崘⎹ᶨ凔㮹 䛦炻᷎ᶼ晐叿䵚嶗朑㕘炻Web 2.0 䘬ⳃ崟炻⛘⚾⎗ẍ德忶䵚嶗䓙ᶨ凔⣏䛦⍾⼿᷎

ᶼ忚埴䶐廗炻ḇ⚈㬌㚜≈忇Ḯ GIS 冯⛘㕡䞍嬀䘬䳸⎰炷Ganapati, 2010炸ˤ䚠庫㕤

⁛䴙 GIS ⻟婧㈨埻⿏䘬䲣䴙㑵ἄ炻PGIS ⚈℞岎㪲䘬䈡⿏炻᷎䴎Ḱ⛘㕡ᷳ⎴䫱䘬 㪲≃炻侴塓夾䁢㚜≈㮹ᷣ炷Dunn, 2007炸ˤ岎㪲冯⏎䁢℔䛦⍫冯䘬慵天㟠⽫ˤ⮵㕤 ᶵ⎴娵嬀婾䘬㔯⊾橼䲣炻PGIŔ 䘬↢䎦㗗⏎ⷞἮ傥⣈⯽䎦⣂⃫䘬₡ῤ奨⍲䞍嬀炻ㆸ 䁢慵天婚柴炷Rundstrom, 1995炸ˤġ

⍇ỷ㮹悐句⛘⚾⥳㕤 1950 ⸜ẋ炻≈㊧⣏⍇ỷ㮹䁢䇕⍾⛇⛘㪲䙲炻德忶丒墥⛘

⚾⎹ᷕ⣖㓧⹄䇕⍾䑘⠫屯㸸䘬ἧ䓐㪲⇑ˤ1990 ⸜ẋ攳⥳⺽忚⍫冯⺷埴≽䞼䨞 炷Participatory action research炻PAR炸⍲℞Ṿ䚠斄⍾⼹㕤⍇ỷ㮹⛘⚾䘬丒墥ᷕ炻⻟

婧冯⍇ỷ㮹㕷佌ℙ⎴丒墥℞⛘⋨⛘⚾炻㚜⛐ 1990 ⸜ẋ㛓㛇䳸⎰ GPSˣGIS ẍ⍲态 㷔䫱㈨埻炻⮯⍇ỷ㮹冯冒䃞䑘⠫攻䘬斄Ὢ德忶⛘䎮屯妲⸛⎘䲨抬᷎⯽䣢↢Ἦˤ晐 叿㈨埻䘬忚㬍炻徸㬍䘬旵Ỷἧ䓐攨㩣炻ẍὫ忚悐句ㆾ䣦⋨䘬ℙ⎴⍫冯ˤ⍇ỷ㮹悐

句⛘⚾⮯⛐⛘䞍嬀℟尉⊾炻ẍ嫱㖶⍇ỷ㮹冯䑘⠫攻䘬䵲⭮斄倗炻ㆸ䁢䇕⍾⛇⛘㪲 䙲⍲╂崟㕷佌シ嬀ᷳ慵天ⶍ℟炷Chapin, et al., 2005烊Fox, 1998烊㜿ὲ⻟炻2005炸ˤġ

䓙㕤㛔䞼䨞忚埴ᷳṢ⒉⍲屯㸸㚱旸炻䃉㱽ẍˬ℔䛦⍫冯˭䘬㕡⺷忚埴婧㞍炻

⚈㬌㓡ẍ䫮侭ᶨṢᶨ㫉⎹ᶨỵⶫ彚㕷侮侩忚埴姒婯炻⎴㗪ẍ Google Earth ⯽䣢䩳 橼⼙⁷炻ᶵὧ㕤䫮侭冯⍿姒侭ᷳ攻䘬㹅忂炻㚜傥㽨䘤⍿姒侭⛐Ⱉ㜿ᷕ䓇㳣䘬姀 ㅞ炻ἧ姒婯屯㕁㚜≈寸⭴ˤ⤪堐ᶨ㇨䣢炻㛔䞼䨞ℙ姒⓷⋩ỵ㕷Ṣ冯侮侩炻℞ᷕ㚱 ℓỵ悉䣦佌㕷Ṣ炻ℑỵ⵺䣦佌㕷Ṣˤ㬌⢾炻䓙㕤䃉㱽ẍ℔䛦⍫冯䘬㕡⺷忚埴屯㕁 䘬ṌḺ䡢娵炻⚈㬌㛔䞼䨞⮯姒婯䳸㝄冯㔯䌣屯㕁忚埴Ṍ⍱㭼⮵ˤġ

堐ᶨˣ姒婯堐

ẋ嘇 䣦佌 ⸜䲨 䎦⯭悐句 ⍿姒㫉㔠 ⁁姣

TD1 悉 80 㬚ẍᶲ 㜙⃱悐句 4 普⛀䦣ỷ⇵炻㚦⯭ỷ⛐

Ubunaru 冲悐句 TD2 悉 70-80 㬚 㜙⃱悐句 1

TD3 悉 70-80 㬚 㜙⃱悐句 3 㚦䴻晐䇞奒⇘ Ubunaru 冲悐句侽䧖

TD4 悉 50-60 㬚 㜙⃱悐句 2 㚦 忶檀Ⱉ⋼ἄ⒉ T1 悉 60-70 㬚 㜙❼悐句 3 㚦 忶檀Ⱉ⋼ἄ⒉炻䇞奒

㕤普⛀䦣ỷ⇵⯭ỷ⛐

Ubatan 冲悐句

T2 悉 80 㬚ẍᶲ 㜙❼悐句 1 普⛀䦣ỷ⇵炻㚦⯭ỷ⛐

Umusu 冲悐句

T3 悉 50-60 㬚 㜙❼悐句 1 㜙❼悐句㔯⎚ⶍἄ侭 L1 悉 70-80 㬚 伭⧄悐句 1 䇞奒㕤普⛀䦣ỷ⇵⯭ỷ

⛐ Hatazan 冲悐句

31

K1 ⵺ 50-60 㬚 㛃悱悐句 4 䣾䇞㕤普⛀䦣ỷ⇵⯭ỷ

⛐ Pistibuan 冲悐句炻䚖

⇵㑼ả檀Ⱉ⋼ἄ⒉ K2 ⵺ 80 㬚ẍᶲ 㛃悱悐句 1 普⛀䦣ỷ⇵⯭ỷ⛐

Qatungulan 冲悐句

3. ⮎⛘嶷㞍

㛔䞼䨞㕤 2014 ⸜ᶨ㚰军悉⣏㹒㳩➇ᷳ⵺䣦佌冲悐句忚埴Ḽ⣑䘬⮎⛘嶷㞍炻 昌忈姒 Litu 冲悐句炻ḇ徼䴻忶⍣㕷Ṣ䘬侽ἄ⛘ˣⶍ⮖䫱ˤ䓙⭞⯳怢⛨冯䞛䞴怢嶉炻

⎗⣏农䚳↢忶⍣⭞㇞䘬䨢攻惵伖⍲䓇㳣✳ン炻ẍ⍲⭞⯳␐⚵䘬冒䃞䑘⠫䈡⽝ˤ㬌

⢾炻㕷Ṣḇ⛐忶䦳ᷕ婯⍲姙⣂ⶫ彚㕷䘬⁛䴙䑘⠫䞍嬀炻ἳ⤪⾶㧋䘬Ⱉ✉ᶵ怑⎰⯭

ỷˣ⤪ỽ⇌㕟⒒ṃ㯜⎗ẍ䓇梚ˣ忶⍣䣾⃰⤪ỽ⛐䓇㳣ᷕ⇑䓐㛐㛸⍲䞛㜧墥ἄ䓇㳣 䓐⑩⍲䞛昶䫱ˤ䚠庫㕤德忶 Google Earth 忚埴姒婯炻⚆⇘冒⶙䅇〱䘬Ⱉ㜿䑘⠫㚜 傥⣈㽨䘤㕷Ṣ⮵㕤㬟⎚␴冒䃞䑘⠫䘬姀ㅞ炻侴⍇Ἦ德忶㔯⫿廱徘䘬屯妲ḇ℟䎦㕤 䛤⇵ㆸ䁢㳣䘬䞍嬀炻ἧⶫ彚㕷䘬⁛䴙䓇㳣㚱Ḯ㚜䩳橼䘬⯽䎦ˤ㬌㫉䘬⮎⛘嶷㞍吸 普姙⣂ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙䓇㳣ᷕ䘬冒䃞䑘⠫䞍嬀炻ℵ≈ᶲ㕷Ṣ⮵㕤倂句䑘⠫䘬ṳ䳡炻ἧ 㛔䞼䨞⮵㕤倂句ỵ伖䘬怠㑯冯冒䃞䑘⠫攻䘬斄Ὢ㚱㚜㶙ℍ䘬Ḯ妋ˤ

4. 䨢攻↮㜸ʇẍ慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ姽Ộ⎬㮷㕷Ⰼ㫉ᷳ佌倂䦳⹎

䁢㍊妶䞼䨞䚖䘬Ḵᷕ倂句↮Ự冯㮷㕷䳬䷼攻䘬斄Ὢ炻㛔䞼䨞昌德忶 GIS 䨢攻 夾奢⊾㕡⺷⏰䎦炻ḇ忚ᶨ㬍⇑䓐䨢攻↮㜸䘬㕡⺷炻ẍ慷⊾䘬㊯㧁忚埴姽Ộˤ㛔䞼 䨞ẍ Concave Hull 丒墥⎬㮷㕷䘬倂句↮Ự䭬⚵炻ℵὅ䄏ᶵ⎴Ⰼ㫉䘬㮷㕷䳬䷼妰䬿

⎬㮷㕷攻䘬慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ炻ẍ㬌 䁢倂句↮ⶫ冯㮷㕷䳬䷼攻斄Ὢ䘬㊯㧁ˤ

⛐ᶨ⭂䘬䨢攻䭬⚵ℏ炻䔞ℑ䨢攻╖⃫䚠昼ᶨ㭝嶅暊侴㰺㚱慵䔲炻⎗ẍ⇌㕟ℑ ᾳ䨢攻╖⃫䘬↮Ự⎬冒䌐䩳炻ᶼ䨢攻╖⃫ℏ䘬溆ỵ⍿㬌䨢攻╖⃫Ⱄ⿏䘬⼙枧侴↮

Ự㕤怲䓴ℏ炻⤪ᶳ⚾ℕˤ䚠⍵䘬炻劍ℑ䨢攻╖⃫⼤㬌㚱⣏朊䧵䘬慵䔲炻堐䣢ℑᾳ 䨢攻╖⃫䘬怲䓴庫㧉䱲炻溆ỵ䘬↮Ự⍿䨢攻╖⃫Ⱄ⿏䘬⼙枧庫⮷炻⤪ᶳ⚾ᶫˤḇ

⯙㗗婒炻ℑ䨢攻╖⃫慵䔲朊䧵䘬㭼ἳ⮯⼙枧溆ỵ冯䚠⎴䨢攻╖⃫䘬Ⱄ⿏䘬斄Ὢˤ 㛔䞼䨞ẍ㬌㤪⾝䁢➢䢶炻↮㜸ᶵ⎴Ⰼ㫉䘬㮷㕷䳬䷼㗗⏎⼙枧倂句䘬䨢攻↮Ựˤ㍍

叿忚ᶨ㬍⮯↮㜸䳸㝄慷⊾炻ẍˬ慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ˭ἄ䁢↮㜸㊯㧁ˤᶳ⚾ℓ䁢ᶱᾳ䨢 攻╖⃫慵䔲ね⼊䘬䯉╖䣢シ⚾炻⚾ᷕ AˣBˣC ᶱᾳ䨢攻╖⃫⼤㬌慵䔲炻劍 A 冯 B

ᷳ攻䘬慵䔲朊䧵䁢 a12炻B 冯 C ᷳ攻䘬慵䔲朊䧵䁢 a23炻C 冯 A ᷳ攻䘬慵䔲朊䧵䁢 a13炻ᶼ AˣBˣC ⎬冒朊䧵↮⇍䁢 a1ˣa2ˣa3炻ὅ䄏㛔䞼䨞䘬䬿㱽炻℞慵䔲朊䧵㭼

ἳ= = 炻ᶼ℞ῤ⮯句⛐ 0 ⇘ 0.5 ᷳ攻炻䔞 Aˣ

BˣC ⬴ℐ慵䔲炻⇯慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ䁢 0.5炻劍ᶱ侭⬴ℐᶵ慵䔲炻⇯慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ䁢 0ˤ德忶慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ䘬忳䬿炻Ộ䬿⎬Ⰼ㫉䘬㮷㕷䳬䷼ᷕ炻⎬㮷㕷䘬倂句䭬⚵慵 䔲䦳⹎炻忚侴Ḯ妋⎬㮷㕷䘬倂句↮Ự冯㮷㕷䳬䷼攻䘬斄Ὢˤ

⚾ℕˣℑᾳ⎬冒䌐䩳䘬䨢攻╖⃫

⚾ᶫˣℑᾳ㚱⣏朊䧵慵䔲䘬䨢攻╖⃫

33

⚾ℓˣᶱᾳḺ䚠慵䔲䘬䨢攻╖⃫

䁢Ḯẍ慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳỘ䬿䨢攻╖⃫ℏ溆ỵ↮Ự冯䨢攻╖⃫Ⱄ⿏攻䘬斄Ὢ炻⤪

ỽ⭂佑ᶨᾳ䨢攻╖⃫⌛䁢慵天ᶼ➢㛔䘬婚柴ˤ⛐㛔䞼䨞ᷕ炻䎮゛ᶲᶨᾳ㮷㕷䘬倂 句↮Ự䭬⚵⌛䁢ᶨᾳ䨢攻╖⃫炻Ữ⎬㮷㕷攻䘬怲䓴᷎朆ℐ悥㶭㘘⎗夳炻ᶼ悐↮㮷 㕷⛸句㕤冯℞Ṿ㮷㕷䚠昼䓂怈ᷳ嗽炻⚈㬌炻⤪ỽ㈦↢怑䔞䘬㮷㕷䭬⚵ㆸ䁢⼴临↮

㜸䘬斄挝ˤ䁢Ḯ⮯倂句溆ỵ⚰䔓䁢⣂怲⼊䘬朊炻㛔䞼䨞㍉䓐 Concave Hull 䘬忳䬿 㕡⺷炻㬌忳䬿㱽㓡列冒 Convex Hullˤ⚾ḅᷕ䘬⮎䶂⌛䁢忳䓐 Convex Hull ⮯溆屯㕁

⊾䁢朊屯㕁炻⎗䚳⇘㬌㱽䃉㱽㸾䡢⛘⏰䎦溆屯㕁䘬↮Ựね⼊炻嘃䶂⇯㗗ẍ Concave Hull 丒↢䘬朊屯㕁ˤ⎴㧋䁢Ḯ妋㰢⮯溆屯㕁䔓忚㚨⮷朊䧵䭬⚵䘬⣂怲⼊炻ẍ⼿⇘

㚨役Ụ㕤溆屯㕁䘬↮Ựね⼊炻Concave Hull ⎗ẍ德忶ἧ䓐侭冒埴婧㔜ℑ溆攻䘬嶅暊

⍫㔠炻忚侴㓡嬲 Shared Nearest Neighbours (SNN)ᷕ䘬⍫㔠 k ῤ炻䔓↢ᶵ⎴⸛㹹⹎

䘬溆普⎰⣂怲⼊炷Moreiea, et al., 2007炸ˤ⚈㬌炻忳䓐 Concave Hull 傥⣈㚜㸾䡢䘬 䔓↢⸛朊ᶲ溆屯㕁䘬䨢攻↮Ự✳ンˤ

⚾ ḅˣ䓙 Convex Hull ㇨䔓↢䘬朊䧵

㛔䞼䨞⇑䓐 Concave Hull 傥⣈冒䓙㰢⭂ℑ溆攻嶅暊⍫㔠䘬䈡⿏炻㈦↢⎴ᶨ㮷 㕷䳬䷼炻ᶵ⎴嶅暊⍫㔠ᶳ炻Concave Hull ㇨⊭⏓䘬倂句溆ỵ㔠炻᷎⮯㬌䳸㝄丒墥↢

ᶵ⎴嶅暊⍫㔠⮵倂句溆ỵ㔠ᷳ XY 㔋Ự⚾炻啱䓙㬌⚾㈦↢娚㮷㕷䳬䷼㚨⎰怑䘬 Concave Hull 朊䧵ˤ䔞 XY 㔋Ự⚾ᷕ䘬㚚䶂嵐⎹⸛䶑炻ẋ堐嶅暊⍫㔠䘬嬲⊾ᶵ⼙枧

㇨㵝味䘬倂句溆ỵ㔠炻堐䣢⛐㚨⮷朊䧵ᶳ傥⣈㵝味㚨⣂䘬倂句溆ỵ㔠炻㬌嶅暊⍫

㔠㇨丒墥䘬 Concave Hull ὧ㗗㚨傥ẋ堐娚㮷㕷ᷳ柀➇䭬⚵ˤẍ㬌䭬⚵忚ᶨ㬍妰䬿 ᶵ⎴㮷㕷攻 Concave Hull 慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ炻㍐Ộ⎬㮷㕷Ⰼ㫉䘬倂句溆ỵ佌倂䦳⹎炻 忚侴Ḯ妋悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌倂句䘬䨢攻↮Ự冯㮷㕷䳬䷼攻䘬斄Ὢˤᶳ⚾⋩䁢㛔䞼䨞 㕡㱽ᷳ㑵ἄ㳩䦳⚾ˤ

⚾ ⋩ˣ慵䔲朊䧵㭼ἳ㑵ἄ㳩䦳⚾

35

䫔 䫔ᶱ䭨ˣ䞼䨞㳩䦳

ġ 㛔䞼䨞倂䃎⛐悉⣏㹒㳩➇悉䣦佌⍲⵺䣦佌ⶫ彚㕷㕤 1930 ⸜ẋ⣏夷㧉普⛀䦣 ỷ⇵炻倂句↮Ự冯䣦㚫斄Ὢˣ冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞᶱ侭攻䘬斄Ὢˤ⚈㬌炻㌴㎉倂句䘬⎵

䧙⍲䨢攻ỵ伖䁢䫔ᶨ天⊁炻德忶吸普᷎↮㜸斄㕤ⶫ彚㕷倂句ᷳ㔯䌣屯㕁炻᷎忳䓐 PGIS 㕡㱽ẍ⍲⮎⛘嶷㞍䳸㝄炻⮯屯㕁Ṍ⍱㭼⮵炻Ḻ䚠㩊嫱ˤ㍍叿炻ℵ↮⇍⯙㮷㕷 䣦㚫ˣ冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞℑ朊⎹妶婾℞冯倂句↮Ự攻䘬斄Ὢˤ㛔䞼䨞㊾㍀㔯䌣屯㕁炻 惵⎰䓘慶姒婯炻⼿⇘忶⍣⎬倂句䘬㮷㕷䳬ㆸ炻ẍ㬌䁢➢䢶炻⍫侫ⶫ彚㕷䲣嬄屯㕁 炷䦣ⶅ⫸ᷳ啷ˣ⭖㛔⺞Ṣˣ楔㶝㜙ᶨ䫱⎰叿炻1935炸炻↮⇍丒墥ẍ⣏ˣᷕˣ⮷㮷㕷 䁢╖⃫䘬䨢攻↮Ự⚾炻ὅ㬌Ḯ妋ⶫ彚㕷倂句↮Ự冯㮷㕷䳬䷼攻䘬斄Ὢˤ⎎ᶨ㕡朊炻 忳䓐 PGIS 忚埴姒婯炻㊾㍀䞼䨞䭬⚵ℏ⎬倂句␐⚵䘬冒䃞䑘⠫䈡⽝炻㔜䎮᷎㬠䲵

℞冯倂句↮Ự攻䘬斄Ὢˤ㚨⼴炻㔜⎰㮷㕷䣦㚫ẍ⍲冒䃞䑘⠫⮵倂句↮ⶫ䘬⼙枧炻 妶婾⛐ℑ侭⤪ỽℙ⎴⼙枧倂句ᷳ↮ⶫˤᶳ⚾⋩ᶨ䁢㛔䞼䨞ᷳ䞼䨞㳩䦳⚾炻℞ᷕ㟮 䶂ᷕ䘬㔯⫿䁢㛔䞼䨞ᷳᷣ天䞼䨞婚柴炻䓙䰿䭕柕⮯ᶱ侭ᷚ忋炻ẍ㍊妶倂句䨢攻↮

Ự冯㮷㕷䳬䷼⍲冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ攻䘬斄Ὢ炻侴嘃䶂䭕柕⇯䁢㛔䞼䨞㇨ἧ䓐ᷳ㛸㕁⍲

㕡㱽ˤ

⚾⋩ᶨˣ䞼䨞㳩䦳⚾

䫔 䫔⚃䪈ˣ倂句溆ỵ屯㕁吸普冯妶婾

䫔ᶨ䭨ˣ㔯䌣姀庱

1. 㖍㱣㗪ẋⶫ彚㕷屯㕁

㖍㱣㗪ẋ斄㕤冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹⎬悐句㤪㱩䘬姀庱炻䔞Ⱄ冢䀋䷥䜋⹄嬎⊁⯨䎮哫婚 㕤 1938 ⸜↢䇰䘬˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠˫䫔ḼℲ㚨䁢⬴㔜ˤ1930 ⸜䆮䘤曏䣦ḳẞ炻冢 䀋䷥䜋⹄⮯䎮哫㓧䫾ᷳ慵溆炻⽆ˬ哫⛘攳䘤˭炻㓡䁢叿慵⍇ỷ㮹䘬㔁⊾㑓做炻᷎ᶼ 叿ㇳ忚埴䁢㛇⚃⸜䘬ˬ檀䞪㕷婧㞍˭炻˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠˫⌛悐↮姀抬Ḯ䔞㗪婧㞍妰 䔓ᷳㆸ㝄(惕⬱㘆炻2000)ˤˬ檀䞪㕷婧㞍˭㕤㗕␴ℕ⸜(1931)⸜忚埴婧㞍炻ὅ䄏䔞 㗪䘬埴㓧∫↮炻婧㞍⎬檀Ⱉ⍇ỷ㮹㕷悐句炻昌⎬䣦ᷳ䣦⎵⢾炻ḇ⊭⏓⛘䎮䑘⠫ˣ 怟䦣㬟䦳ẍ⍲冯Ṿ䣦ᷳ䣦㚫斄Ὢ炻ẍ㔯⫿㔀徘䁢ᷣˤ䔞㗪冢䀋埴㓧⋨∫↮䁢冢⊿

ⶆˣ㕘䪡ⶆˣ冢ᷕⶆˣ冢⋿ⶆˣ檀晬ⶆˣ冢㜙⺛ẍ⍲剙咖㷗⺛炻℞ᷕ冢ᷕⶆ⍰↮

䁢㜙⊊悉ˣ傥檀悉ˣ㕘檀悉ˤ㛔䞼䨞㇨斄㲐䘬⋿㈽䷋ᾉ佑悱⌛䁢䔞㗪㕘檀悉埴㓧 䭬⚵ℏ炻⚈㬌㟡㒂˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠˫ᷕ⮵䞼䨞⋨ℏ⎬䣦䘬姀庱炻ℵ㏕惵㕤 1916

⸜⬴ㆸ䘬˪冢䀋哫⛘⛘⼊⚾˫炻ὧ⎗⣏䔍㌴㎉䔞㗪⎬䣦ᷳ䨢攻ỵ伖⍲㤪㱩ˤ叱檀厗 㕤 2013 ⸜⬴ㆸ⋿㈽ˣ剙咖⍲檀晬⛘⋨ⶫ彚㕷悐句䘬㔠⊾ⶍἄ炻᷎⍫侫˪冢䀋哫⛘

⛘⼊⚾˫ˣ˪哫䣦Ṣ⎋˫ˣ˪冢䀋檀䞪㕷䲣䴙㇨Ⱄ̯䞼䨞˫ˣ˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠˫䫱屯㕁炻 慵⺢ⶫ彚㕷䘬悐句怟䦣⎚⛘⚾(叱檀厗炻2013)ˤ⚈㬌炻㛔䞼䨞䁢吸普普⛀䦣ỷ⇵

ⶫ彚㕷悉䣦佌冯⵺䣦佌㕤悉⣏㹒㳩➇䘬倂句ỵ伖⍲⎵䧙炻⍫侫叱檀厗㕤 2013 ⸜䘬 㔠⊾ㆸ㝄炻ἄ䁢㖍㱣㗪ẋ㖍㛔⭀㕡姀庱ⶫ彚㕷倂句ỵ伖ᷳ屯㕁Ἦ㸸ˤ

㛔䭨ᷣ天⍫侫妶婾˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠˫䫔ḼℲ⍲˪㖍㛔㗪ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ㓧䫾⮵ⶫ 彚㕷冯㲃㲘晭㕷䣦㚫䵚䴉䘬堅㑲˫ᶨ㔯ᷕ⮵ⶫ彚㕷倂句䘬㔠⊾䳸㝄炻㔜䎮㖍㱣㗪 ẋ普⛀䦣ỷ⇵悉⣏㹒㳩➇⵺䣦佌⍲悉䣦佌ⶫ彚㕷䘬倂句⎵䧙⍲䨢攻ỵ伖炻⤪堐 Ḵ炻ἄ䁢㛔䞼䨞⼴临↮㜸㮷㕷䳬䷼⍲冒䃞䑘⠫㡅ẞ⮵ⶫ彚㕷倂句ỵ伖ᷳ➢䢶ˤ

37

堐Ḵˣ㖍㱣㗪ẋ㖍㛔⭀㕡姀庱ᷳⶫ彚㕷倂句 䣦⎵ ㇨Ⱄ䣦佌 䳽⮵⹏㧁 ⛘⊊ 冲䣦ᷳ㤪㱩³ 湹⤜㺦䣦

(Hinukun)

⵺䣦佌ˣ

ᷡ䣦佌

昉㕄✉⛘ ℐ䣦ℙℑᾳ普⛀炻↮ⶫ㕤 湹⤜㺦楸⛐㇨⋿㕡 327 ℔

⯢军 654 ℔⯢嗽ˤ 忼⑰㚤

(Tahaban)

⵺䣦佌ˣ

ᷡ䣦佌

23.736063°, 121.095383°

䶑㕄✉⛘

Ẳ大⸚䣦 (Isingan)

⵺䣦佌 23.782593°, 120.944511°

䶑㕄✉⛘

Ṣΐ䣦(Landun) ⵺䣦佌 23.777872°, 120.902138°

䶑㕄✉⛘ 1930 ⸜㖍㛔⭀㕡⊠婒㓡䧖 㯜䓘炻侴怟⯭军㬌炻᷎⎰

Ἕ Babafuro 䣦⍲ Tonko 䣦

ᷳ⯭㮹ˤ

⌉慴Ữ䣦 (Qalidang)

⵺䣦佌 23.740629°, 121.028084°

昉㕄✉⛘ Tansikyan 㮷㕷(Db2)㕤 19 ᶾ䲨⇅冒⵺⣏䣦怟䦣军 㬌ˤ

徒⊭】䣦 (Tibaun)

⵺䣦佌 23.737097°, 23.737097°

昉㕄✉⛘ ℐ䣦ℙ↮䁢ᶱᾳ普⛀ˤ

⶜嗕㱁⚢䈡䣦 (Palansakut)

⵺䣦佌 23.718657°, 121.049255°

昉㕄✉⛘

⌉⹎䁷嗕】䣦 (Qatungulan)

⵺䣦佌 23.717873°, 121.037430°

昉㕄✉⛘ 㛔䣦柕䚖⛐悐㕷⿏埴≽ᶲ 㑼ả␐⚵⵺䣦佌倂句ᷳ柀 堾ˤ

ᶵ⃳㖍旧䘤䣦 (Bukzav)

⵺䣦佌 23.709414°, 121.043182°

昉㕄✉⛘ 1912 ⸜㚦㚱Ḽ㇞怟↢⼊ㆸ Karihowan 䣦炻Ữ 1923 ⸜

⣱⭀␥Ἕℍ㛔䣦ˤ

⵺⣏䣦(Randai) ⵺䣦佌 23.694571°, 121.042419°

昉㕄✉⛘ 䁢⵺䣦佌䘬⎌侩冲䣦ˤ

昮↙㚤䣦 (Lungqaiban)

⵺䣦佌 23.733833°, 121.015465°

昉㕄✉⛘

㭼㕗⸽⥮Ⱡ䣦 (Pistibuan)

⵺䣦佌 23.691557°, 121.023399°

昉㕄✉⛘ ℐ䣦ℙ↮䁢ℑᾳ普⛀ˤ

Ẳ≃⹎䣦(Ilitu) ⵺䣦佌 23.697392°, 121.008842°

昉㕄✉⛘

3㔜䎮冒˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠˫䫔ḼℲ炻㐀抬冯㛔䞼䨞䚠斄ᷳℏ⭡ˤ

Ẳ㕗㳃旧䣦 (Isilua)

⵺䣦佌 23.782467°, 120.987671°

䶑㕄✉⛘

㴟⤜⃳䣦 (Hainuk)

⵺䣦佌ˣ 悉䣦佌

23.671175°, 121.015305°

䶑㕄✉⛘ 1930 ⸜思⽆⭀㕡㊯䣢炻⎰

Ἕ Babaino 䣦⍲ Parokaun 䣦炻᷎⍾⎵䁢 Hainuk 䣦ˤ Ẳ㱽Ḻ䣦

(Ivahu)

悉䣦佌 23.660175°, 121.024178°

䶑㕄✉⛘ ⍇㔋⯭㕤䎦⯭⛘ 550ˣ660

℔⯢嗽炻1924 ⸜䴻⭀㕡⊠

婒普ᷕ⯭ỷˤ 悉⣏䣦(Kundai) 悉䣦佌 23.643681°,

121.017876°

䶑㕄✉⛘ 䁢悉䣦佌䘬⎌侩冲䣦ˤ

⬷察䣦(Hunku) 悉䣦佌 23.617773°, 121.024635°

䶑㕄✉⛘

䐒大忼ΐ䣦 (Masitalum)

悉䣦佌 23.597260°, 121.013306°

昉㕄✉⛘ ℙḼᾳ㮷㕷⛀橼烉 Takisrineyan(E2)ˣ Takismouran(D3)ˣ Takistahayan(A4)ˣ Takisgeyanan(D4)ˣ Talisyayan(B6) Ẳ⶜㖎䣦

(Ibatan)

悉䣦佌 23.618156°, 121.001678°

昉㕄✉⛘ ℐ䣦䓙⎴⥻㮷䳬ㆸ炻㓭⛀

䳸≃⻟ˤ

⑰忼䃞䣦 (Hatazan)

悉䣦佌 23.583284°, 121.005974°

昉㕄✉⛘

Ẳ㭵䎈䣦 (Imusu)

悉䣦佌 23.576857°, 121.014656°

昉㕄✉⛘ 忶⍣⯭ỷ⛐ Hairaro 䣦炻㕤 1924 ⸜䦣⯭军䎦⛨炻᷎⛐

1930 ⸜㓡⎵䁢 Imusu 䣦ˤ ℏ劭❼䣦

(Naihunpu)

悉䣦佌 23.696278°, 120.854668°

䶑㕄✉⛘ 1901 ⸜⚈䌝䌚慷⮹炻䓙悉

⣏䣦⍲ Ivahu 䣦怟军 Babafuru 䣦ˤ⍰㕤 1923 ⸜ 䔞⯨␥Ẍ䦣⯭军ℏ劭❼楸

⛐㇨⇵昛㚱嗕㹒ⶎⱠˤ 1925 ⸜⭀㕡䁢㕡ὧ㊯⮶㯜 䓘侽ἄ炻␥ℐ䣦䦣⯭军䎦

⯭⛘ˤ 㜙❼䣦(Tunpu) 悉䣦佌 23.554235°,

120.926910°

ℐ䣦ℙ⚃ᾳ普⛀烉㜙❼䣦 (13 ㇞)ˣUbunaru(8 ㇞)ˣ Takran(15 ㇞)ˣErausan(11

㇞)ˤ

39

㤈Ṽ儛叔䣦 (Namakaban)

悉䣦佌 23.617210°, 120.885445°

⛇⛘⮔⺋ ⍇䁢悺㕷 Luftu ⣏䣦䘬ᶨ ᾳ⮷䣦炻㖍㱣㗪ẋ攳⥳䦣 ỷ悐↮ⶫ彚㕷Ṣ军㬌⛘ˤ 1925 ⸜㖍㛔䔞⯨⮯㔋⯭䘬 哫䣦普ᷕ军䎦⛨炻᷎⛐

1930 ⸜⎰Ἕ␴䣦 8 ㇞军㤈 Ṽ儛叔䣦ˤ

屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉㔜䎮冒叱檀厗炷2013炸ˣ冢䀋䷥䜋⹄嬎⊁⯨䎮哫婚炷1938炸

2. ⍇⍇ỷ㮹㕷⁛䴙柀➇⛇⛘婧㞍妰䔓

埴㓧昊⍇ỷ㮹㕷⥼⒉㚫䁢⋼≑⍇ỷ㮹㕷㔯⊾ᾅ⬀ˣ䘤⯽䓇ン㔯⊾䓊㤕᷎⽑㋗悐 句䳬䷼炻⥼妿ᷕ⚳⛘䎮⬠㚫㕤 2002 ⸜军 2006 ⸜炻忚埴ℙ䁢㛇Ḽ⸜䘬⍇ỷ㮹㕷⁛

䴙柀➇⛇⛘婧㞍妰䔓炻ẍ⍫冯⺷埴≽䞼䨞䁢⍾⎹炻᷎忳䓐⛘䎮屯妲䲣䴙炷GIS炸ἄ 䁢㔜⎰⁛䴙柀➇屯㕁ᷳ⸛⎘ˤ德忶丒墥悐句炷䣦⋨炸⛘⚾炻ↅ倂悐句娵⎴炻⁛㈧

⁛䴙䞍嬀炻ẍ㛇⼭傥⣈㽨䘤⍇ỷ㮹㕷ᷳ冒ㆹᷣ橼⿏炷⻝攟佑炻2006炸ˤ

婧㞍妰䔓㵝味⋩Ḵᾳ䷋炻Ḽ⋩Ḽᾳ悱捖ⶪᷳ⍇ỷ㮹⁛䴙柀➇炻᷎姀抬⍇ỷ㮹䣾

⃰怟⽁忶䦳ˣ冲⛘⎵⍲⁛婒㓭ḳ䫱炻ẍ GISˣGPS ㈨埻⮯屯㕁丒墥㕤悐句⛘⚾ᷕˤ

℞ᷕ斄㕤⁛䴙柀➇ᷳ婧㞍䭬⚵炻⊭⏓ẍᶳ⎬栆✳䘬⛇⛘烉 i. ⍇ỷ㮹䣾⃰䤕䣨侽ἄᷳ⛘ˣ䣾曰俾⛘ˤ

ii. ⍇ỷ㮹冲悐句⍲␐怲侽⡦㷠䌝ᷳ⛇⛘ˤ

iii. 忶⍣塓㓧⹄㨇斄⽝㓞炻䚖⇵⶚勺⺊㛒ἧ䓐ᷳ⛇⛘ˤ iv. ⍇ỷ㮹ἧ䓐ᷳ㷾㱲ˣ㱛ⶅˣ㴖央⛘ˤ

v. ⍇ỷ㮹⁛䴙ẍἮ㇨Ⱄ㺩⟜ᷳ㴟➇ˤ炷⻝攟佑ˣ哉⌂㔯炻2006炸

㛔䞼䨞⍫侫 2004 ⸜⋿㈽䷋ᾉ佑悱ⶫ彚㕷⁛䴙柀➇ᷳ婧㞍ㆸ㝄炻⊭⏓怟䦣嶗 䶂ˣ⛘⎵㓭ḳˣ⁛䴙柀➇䭬⚵䫱䨢攻⍲Ⱄ⿏屯㕁ˤᶵ⛐倂句⍲⛘䈑䨢攻溆ỵᶲ 䘬㔠慷䚠䔞⎗奨炻⎴㗪ḇ㵝味Ḯ寸⭴䘬Ⱄ⿏屯㕁㍸ὃ㛔䞼䨞忚埴㚜娛䳘䘬Ṍ⍱㭼

⮵炻ẍ䡢娵ᶵ⎴㔯䌣Ἦ㸸䘬倂句溆ỵᷳ⎴冯䔘ˤᶳ堐ᶱ㔜䎮 2004 ⸜ᾉ佑悱悉䣦 佌⍲⵺䣦佌⁛䴙柀➇⛘⎵ᷳㆸ㝄炻堐ᷕ倂句䘬䴻䶗⹎⹏㧁㗗⍫侫䔞㗪妰䔓ㆸ㝄ᷳ

KMZ 㨼⁴炻侴⎬倂句⯭ỷᷳ⥻㮷⇯㗗䔞㗪德忶 PPGIS ⶍἄ⛲㇨⼿ᷳ屯㕁ˤ

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41

堐ᶱˣ⍇ỷ㮹㕷⁛䴙柀➇⛇⛘婧㞍妰䔓ㆸ㝄ᷳⶫ彚㕷倂句

倂句⎵䧙 䳽⮵⹏㧁 ⯭ỷ⥻㮷

悉 悉䣦佌 madihanin 23.671629°,

121.009217°

㜦㮷(ispalvi)

u hai nu ngu 23.652289°, 121.013111°

sungnkilan ⍲ takishaivangan

u vahu 23.642206°, 121.019995°

⎚㮷(takistalan)ˣẵ㮷(takisvailanan)ˣ⎚㮷 (takischibanan)

uivut 23.640530°, 120.994676°

䞛㮷(isbabanal)

danhailis 23.572801°, 121.035075°

䞛㮷(isbabanal)G

palasaugn 23.626260°, 121.021298°

⎚㮷(istanda)ˣẵ㮷(takisvailanan)

u ba tan 23.621073°, 120.990048°

䌳㮷(takisludun)

u ungku 23.607380°, 121.025557°

䌳㮷(takisbahaazan)

u halitungn 23.621826°, 121.058795°

䌳㮷(takisludun)

u sidan 23.602236°, 121.000606°

⏪㮷(takislinean)

us hatazan 23.586500°, 121.003668°

⎚㮷(takischiangan)ˣ㕡㮷(takislinian)ˣ㕡㮷 (ispalakan)

masitalum 23.587757°, 121.013787°

䌳㮷(takissaiian)

u banil 23.581088°, 121.060128°

⎠㮷(takisngianan)ˣ⎠㮷(takissaiian)ˣ⎠㮷 (takismuuzan)

u mu sa 23.579214°, 121.048288°

⎚㮷(takishusungan)ˣẵ㮷(takistahaiian)

u bakzav 23.570722°, 121.010543°

ẵ㮷(takistahaiian)

u tamuhu ġ ᶵ娛炻⼭㞍

buan ġ ⵺悉䣦䓴䶂