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December 28, 2004

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(1)

   

 

  »º º

December 28, 2004

    

(2)

1



1

(3)

1

  



x, y



x 2 − 2y 2 = 1

  

n



x + y

2 = (3 + 2 2) n .

  

x 2 − 2y 2 = 1

     



(3, 2), (17, 12)



17 + 12

2 = (3 + 2

2) 2 )



x, y



x + y

2 = (3 + 2 2) n ,



x 2 − 2y 2 = (3 + 2

2) n (3 − 2

2) n = 1.

 

x, y



x 2 − 2y 2 = 1

 

x + y

2 = (3 + 2 2) n

    

(x 0 , y 0 )



x 0 + y 0

2 = x + y 2 3 + 2

2 = (3x − 4y) + (3y − 2x) 2.



⎧ ⎪

⎪ ⎩

x 2 0 − 2y 2 0 = 1 x 2 − 2y 2 = 1 x > 3, y > 2

⎧ ⎪

⎪ ⎪

⎪ ⎪

⎪ ⎨

⎪ ⎪

⎪ ⎪

⎪ ⎪

x 0 = 3x − 4y = 9x 2 − 16y 2

3x + 4y = x 2 + 8 3x + 4y > 0 y 0 = 3y − 2x = 9y 2 − 4x 2

3y + 2x = y 2 − 4 3y + 2x > 0 x − x 0 = −2x + 4y = 2

 x 2 − 2 2y + x



> 0

⎧ ⎪

⎪ ⎪

⎪ ⎨

⎪ ⎪

⎪ ⎪

0 < x 0 < x, 0 < y 0 , x 2 0 − 2y 2 0 = 1, x 0 + y 0

2



(3 + 2

2) n

 



“x, y



x 2 − 2y 2 = 1

 

x + y

2 = (3 + 2 2) n

  





 

x 2 − dy 2 = 1,



d

   

     

      

    

598 − 665



(4)



1.1



x 2 − 8y 2 = 1

 





1.2



x 2 − 10y 2 = 1

  



1.3



x 2 − 11y 2 = 1

 





1.4



x 2 − 13y 2 = 1

 





1.5

  

1

 

 

 

N

    



N + 1

  







< f n >

 

f 0 = 0, f 1 = 1, f n+2 = 3f n+1 − f n (n ≥ 0).





x 2 − 3xy + y 2 = 1



x > y

 

(x, y) = (f n+1 , f n ), n ≥ 1





abc

(5)

 

N

  

N = p n 1 1 p n 2 2 · · · p n l l ,



p 1 , p 2 , · · · , p l

 

n 1 , n 2 , · · · , n l

  

F (N ) = p 1 p 2 · · · p l .



abc

DZ  

κ

 

a + b = c, abc = 0



a, b, c



max{| a |, | b |, | c |} ≤ κF (| a · b · c |)



  DZ

參考文獻