應用模糊計劃評核術於供應鏈管理決策分析之研究 黃淑芬、陳振東
E-mail: [email protected]
摘 要
在全球化競爭的壓力下，企業除了要具備高品質的產品開發 製造及多樣且快速的產品設計能力外，更重要的是能快速反應 市 場的變化，滿足消費者的需求，提高企業的競爭力。因此，回應 市場變動的能力與速度已成為在激烈競爭環境中的致 勝因素。然 而，供應鏈體系的運作流程常缺乏足夠的透明度，每個成員的前 置作業時間常常因為內外在環境變動的影響 而不易精確掌握，進 而影響整個供應鏈體系的運作績效。為此，本研究結合模糊理論 與計劃評核術，提出一個供應鏈流 程的管理決策分析模式，以進 行計算供應鏈體系運作流程的週期時間，分析履行顧客訂單的能 力，進而考量時間與成本 參數，並以此分析模式為基礎構建一個 供應鏈管理決策評估系統，提供企業在決策時參考。藉由系統模 擬結果發現，本 研究所提出的分析模式，可有效掌握每個成員影 響供應鏈體系運作的關鍵程度，整個供應鏈體系網路結構的關鍵 要徑，
以及分析供應鏈體系履行顧客訂單的能力。進而，可清楚 定義每個成員在不同趕工時間下所產生的趕工成本，有助於供應 鏈體系進行資源的規劃與調整，並在互信合作的理念之下訂定合 作策略，以達到供應鏈體系成員願意共同均擔成本與共享 利潤的 最終目的。
關鍵詞 : 供應鏈體系、模糊理論、模糊計劃評核術、前置作業時 間 目錄
簽名頁 授權書 ………iii 中文摘
要...v 英文摘要...vi 誌 謝... vii 目錄... viii 圖目 錄...xi 表目錄... xiii 第一章 緒 論...1 1.1 研究背景與動機...1 1.2 研究目 的...3 1.3 研究流程...5 1.4 研究範圍與限 制...7 1.4.1 研究範圍...7 1.4.2 研究限 制...7 第二章 文獻探討...8 2.1 供應鏈管 理...8 2.1.1 供應鏈管理的意涵...10 2.1.2 供應鏈體 系...12 2.1.3 供應鏈管理的議題...14 2.2 計劃評核
術...17 2.2.1 網路圖的表達...17 2.2.2 計劃評核術的 演算法...19 2.2.3 要徑的選擇...21 2.2.4 計劃評核術的缺 點...22 2.3 模糊理論...23 2.3.1 模糊數(Fuzzy Number)...24 2.3.2 三角模糊數(Triangular Fuzzy Number; TFN)...24 2.3.3 模糊數的α截 集...25 2.3.4 模糊數大小的比較...26 2.4 模糊計劃評核 術...28 2.5 趕工成本...36 第三章 分析模式的構 建...38 3.1 分析模式的概念...38 3.2 分析模式的運 作流程...40 3.2.1 供應鏈系統的轉換...42 3.2.2 供應鏈體系的 完成時間...43 3.2.3 關鍵成員及要徑...45 3.2.4 履行訂單的能力指 標...47 3.2.5 時間與成本的分析...49 3.3 範例說
明...52 第四章 系統開發與模擬分析...65 4.1 系統開發 設計...65 4.1.1 系統建構環境...65 4.1.2 系統架 構...65 4.1.3 系統功能...66 4.2 液晶顯示器產業 供應鏈體系...68 4.3 模擬分析...70 第五章 結論與建
議...81 5.1 結論...81 5.2 後續研究與建 議...84 參考文獻...86
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