題名: 影響國際線航空公司女性空服員體重控制行為之研究 作者: 鍾涓涓
貢獻者: 國立台北護理學院旅遊健康研究所
關鍵詞: 航空公司;企業形象;體重控制信念;體重控制行為;媒體影響 日期: 2006-05-01
上傳時間: 2009-12-15T01:21:47Z 出版者: 亞洲大學休閒與遊憩管理學系
摘要: 本研究主要目的在了解國際線航空公司女性空服員體重控制行為之研究，及探討國 際線航空公司女性空服員的背景因素、體重控制信念、企業形象、媒體影響與體重控 制行為之間的相關性。由於社會對航空公司的認知會有一種無形的刻板印象，即認為 只要能考進航空公司的女性其外在條件必具有相當水準。然而航空公司是否也會為了 維持良好的企業形象，而造成女性空服員對自我身體意象（Body Image）之要求 產生較高的標準，甚至產生身體誤認（Misunderstand body image）的情形發 生，亦即體重已達標準還想減重。而且同儕之間對於工作上的競爭及同性之間對於外 型體態的比較，也可能是造成對自我體型上不滿的原因。本研究採問卷調查法進行抽 樣，以在台灣之國際線航空公司女性空服員進行施測。所得重要研究結果如下：有進 行體重控制行為的國際線航空公司女性空服員占92.4%。而沒有進行體重控制行為 的空服員則佔7.6%。而女性空服員的平均年齡分佈從 25 歲到 41 歲。會選擇健康的 體重控制方法，其中以飲食控制的減少高脂肪、油炸食物的攝取量(35.6%)、減少吃 宵夜習慣(32.5%)或是以其它方法來進行體重控制(30.3%)居多，只有 7.9%的女性 空服員會使用飲食和運動之外的外在調整法。與體重控制行為具有顯著相關的變項 有：企業形象、體重控制的利益、體型不滿、體重控制的障礙性等四項。而年齡、身體 質量指數等人口學變項對體重控制行為可能具有間接影響作用。由逐步多元迴歸分析 (Stepwise Multiple Regression)結果發現體重控制的障礙性、企業形象是可預測 體重控制行為的變項。年齡的分佈從25 歲到 41 歲，平均年齡是 31.28 歲，以 27 與32 歲者居多(88.9%)，40-41 歲者較少(12.1%)。可知受訪之女性空服員的年齡 集中於27-32 歲之間。結果顯示本研究樣本與母群體在年齡的分佈並沒有顯著差異。
本研究期望結果將可做為航空公司之女性空服員在目前及預定要執行體重控制之借 鏡，並提供航空公司業者如何以正確健康的方法來引導員工並提供正確的體重控制 方法，以降低因使用不健康之體重控制方法而影響員工身體健康，以達到企業與員 工身心皆健康的理想境界，並將研究之結果提供業者作為職場健康促進之參考。This study aims at the effect of weight control on flight attendants and at the inter-relationship between weight control and various factors such as flight attendants’ personal background employed by international airlines, their personal ideas of weight control, corporation images, and media impact. It is generally believed that those female flight
attendants who have a chance being employed by airlines are fairly
good looking, which is undoubtedly a deeply rooted stereotype. Owing to this stereotype, airlines accordingly demand a higher standard of the appearance of their attendants so as to maintain a good corporation image. The demand has consequently resulted in “misunderstood body image” among flight attendants: excessive weight control imposed by flight attendants themselves rather by airlines. This study is conducted with questionnaires, randomly selecting flight attendants of various international airlines as samples.The most important findings are as follows: 82.9 percent of flight attendants actively implement weight control. Among those methods of weight control, 35.6 percent of flight attendants have chosen lowering consumption of fatty, oil-fried diet;
32.5 percent have chosen lowering late night snack; 30.3 percent have chosen other means of weight control. Only 7.9 percent of flight
attendants have chosen to exercise and go on a diet. Weight control behavior has inter-related variables such as corporation image, benefits of weight control, dissatisfaction of body image, and weight control obstacles. On the other hand, demographic factors like age and Body Mass Index (BMI) have indirect impact on weight control. With the finding of the Stepwise Multiple Regression, weight control obstacles and corporation image are predictable variables of weight control behavior.
The age of those flight attendants ranges from 25 to 41 years of age, and the average is 31.28 years of age. 88.9% of them is the age group from 27 to 32 years of age; 12.1% from 40-41 years of age. Most of those flight attendants in my study belong to the former age group. This thus shows that the samples studied are consistent with the main age group. This study hopes to serve as a reference to the policy of weight control by airlines, and to provide them with clear and healthy guidance for their employees in the implementation of such policy, so as to avoid any incorrect and unhealthy way of weight control, to achieve the ideal goal of “a sound mind in a sound body.”
