第五章 結論與建議
第三節 後續研究建議
研究者根據前述研究結論與研 究限制，對教學應用與後續研究提出一些建 議，分別敘述如下。
壹、教學應用方面
分年細目可表示學童該學年應具備的數學能力，而 ISM 圖可以看出學童個人 化學習的概念階層結構，本研究結合模糊邏輯詮釋結構模式及模糊集群分群方法 分析國小三年級數與量能力指標分年細目的階層結構關係 ，藉由分析比較不同能 力值學童的 ISM 圖，找出應連結而未連結或不當連結的個人化概念結構關係，以 協助教師採因材施教的教學方式，改善學習成果，進一步可提供教師澄清學童錯 誤概念，或進行個人化「一對一」的補救教學，以提昇教學效能及學生數學能力 。 近年來教育部積極推廣的「攜手計劃課後扶助」政策，著重課後輔導及補救教學，
此法可供教育當局或教師參考。
貳、後續研究方面
本研究僅針對國小三年級學童數與量概念的階層結構部份 進行探究，未來研 究可針對不同的數學領域主題 進行分析或進一步探究數與量各子題間的相互關 係，以便對國小數學領域建立緃向及橫向之通盤性的了解 。此外，本研究應用模 糊邏輯詮釋結構模式及模糊集群分群方法分析受試者個人化概念階層結構 ，未來 可針對其他個人化概念階層結構分析方式以進行方法論的比較 ；或以加權模糊分 類法 (吳柏林，2005) ，進一步考量各因子間重要程度的差異 ，以探究整體分類 之最適方式。
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附錄 一 國小三年級學生數與量概念測驗
4.王媽媽買 4 公斤的豬肉花了 600
附錄 二 受試者之模糊關係矩陣暨概念屬性截矩陣
A 生－高能力組 (受試編號 18)
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取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
A 生－高能力組 (受試編號 18)－取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣 (續)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
B 生－中能力組 (受試編號 1049)
.0000 .5950 .5873 .5708 .4404 .5398 .7440 .7473 .1065 .8395 .4208 .7744 .3024 .6467 .4832 .7460 .3512 .1127 .4050 .0000 .4920 .4752 .3489 .4440 .6642 .6681 .0750 .7807 .3309 .7003 .2279 .5548 .3889 .6666 .2692 .0796 .4127 .5080 .0000 .4831 .3562 .4518 .6713 .6751 .0773 .7861 .3380 .7070 .2335 .5626 .3965 .6736 .2755 .0819 .4292 .5248 .5169 .0000 .3718 .4686 .6860 .6897 .0822 .7973 .3532 .7207 .2458 .5792 .4128 .6883 .2892 .0872 .5596 .6511 .6438 .6282 .0000 .5984 .7869 .7897 .1315 .8692 .4799 .8135 .3552 .6993 .5429 .7886 .4074 .1389 .4602 .5560 .5482 .5314 .4016 .0000 .7125 .7160 .0922 .8168 .3825 .7453 .2699 .6095 .4436 .7146 .3157 .0977 .2560 .3358 .3287 .3140 .2131 .2875 .0000 .5043 .0394 .6428 .2000 .5415 .1298 .3865 .2434 .5026 .1570 .0419 .2527 .3319 .3249 .3103 .2103 .2840 .4957 .0000 .0387 .6389 .1972 .5373 .1279 .3824 .2403 .4983 .1547 .0412 .8935 .9250 .9227 .9178 .8685 .9078 .9606 .9613 .0000 .9777 .8591 .9665 .7844 .9389 .8870 .9610 .8196 .5159 .1605 .2193 .2139 .2027 .1308 .1832 .3572 .3611 .0223 .0000 .1219 .3962 .0765 .2592 .1516 .3596 .0938 .0237 .5792 .6691 .6620 .6468 .5201 .6175 .8000 .8028 .1409 .8781 .0000 .8253 .3738 .7159 .5628 .8017 .4269 .1488 .2256 .2997 .2930 .2793 .1865 .2547 .4585 .4627 .0335 .6038 .1747 .0000 .1121 .3478 .2141 .4611 .1362 .0357 .6976 .7721 .7665 .7542 .6448 .7301 .8702 .8721 .2156 .9235 .6262 .8879 .0000 .8085 .6832 .8714 .5552 .2265 .3533 .4452 .4374 .4208 .3007 .3905 .6135 .6176 .0611 .7408 .2841 .6522 .1915 .0000 .3381 .6160 .2282 .0649 .5168 .6111 .6035 .5872 .4571 .5564 .7566 .7597 .1130 .8484 .4372 .7859 .3168 .6619 .0000 .7585 .3666 .1196 .2540 .3334 .3264 .3117 .2114 .2854 .4974 .5017 .0390 .6404 .1983 .5389 .1286 .3840 .2415 .0000 .1556 .0414 .6488 .7308 .7245 .7108 .5926 .6843 .8430 .8453 .1804 .9062 .5731 .8638 .4448 .7718 .6334 .8444 .0000 .1900 .8873 .9204 .9181 .9128 .8611 .9023 .9581 .9588 .4841 .9763 .8512 .9643 .7735 .9351 .8804 .9586 .8100 .0000
取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
B 生－中能力組 (受試編號 1049)－取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣 (續)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
C 生－低能力組 (受試編號 373)
.0000 .7966 .6871 .6039 .4746 .5484 .9123 .8210 .1879 .9245 .5493 .8807 .6035 .7858 .4182 .5543 .3867 .1611 .2034 .0000 .3592 .2802 .1874 .2366 .7263 .5394 .0558 .7576 .2373 .6533 .2798 .4836 .1551 .2409 .1386 .0467 .3129 .6408 .0000 .4098 .2915 .3560 .8256 .6762 .0953 .8479 .3569 .7707 .4093 .6256 .2466 .3615 .2231 .0804 .3961 .7198 .5902 .0000 .3720 .4433 .8721 .7505 .1317 .8893 .4442 .8288 .4995 .7064 .3204 .4492 .2925 .1118 .5254 .8126 .7085 .6280 .0000 .5734 .9201 .8354 .2039 .9313 .5743 .8909 .6275 .8024 .4431 .5792 .4110 .1753 .4516 .7634 .6440 .5567 .4266 .0000 .8954 .7907 .1600 .9098 .5009 .8587 .5562 .7513 .3719 .5059 .3418 .1365 .0877 .2737 .1744 .1279 .0799 .1046 .0000 .3061 .0218 .5408 .1049 .4152 .1277 .2609 .0647 .1068 .0572 .0181 .1790 .4606 .3238 .2495 .1646 .2093 .6939 .0000 .0480 .7275 .2099 .6167 .2491 .4444 .1355 .2133 .1209 .0402 .8121 .9442 .9047 .8683 .7961 .8400 .9782 .9520 .0000 .9815 .8405 .9696 .8681 .9407 .7566 .8431 .7316 .4536 .0755 .2424 .1521 .1107 .0687 .0902 .4592 .2725 .0185 .0000 .0905 .3761 .1105 .2306 .0555 .0922 .0490 .0154 .4507 .7627 .6431 .5558 .4257 .4991 .8951 .7901 .1595 .9095 .0000 .8583 .5553 .7507 .3710 .5050 .3410 .1361 .1193 .3467 .2293 .1712 .1091 .1413 .5848 .3833 .0304 .6239 .1417 .0000 .1710 .3321 .0888 .1442 .0787 .0254 .3965 .7202 .5907 .5005 .3725 .4438 .8723 .7509 .1319 .8895 .4447 .8290 .0000 .7068 .3208 .4497 .2929 .1120 .2142 .5164 .3744 .2936 .1976 .2487 .7391 .5556 .0593 .7694 .2493 .6679 .2932 .0000 .1638 .2531 .1466 .0497 .5818 .8449 .7534 .6796 .5569 .6281 .9353 .8645 .2434 .9445 .6290 .9112 .6792 .8362 .0000 .6337 .4673 .2108 .4457 .7591 .6385 .5508 .4208 .4941 .8932 .7867 .1569 .9078 .4950 .8558 .5503 .7469 .3663 .0000 .3365 .1338 .6133 .8614 .7769 .7075 .5890 .6582 .9428 .8791 .2684 .9510 .6590 .9213 .7071 .8534 .5327 .6635 .0000 .2334 .8389 .9533 .9196 .8882 .8247 .8635 .9819 .9598 .5464 .9846 .8639 .9746 .8880 .9503 .7892 .8662 .7666 .0000
取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
C 生－低能力組 (受試編號 373)－取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣 (續)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
A’生－高能力組 (受試編號 493)
.0000 .5809 .4745 .7679 .6411 .7120 .7860 .7945 .0969 .8681 .4300 .8238 .1794 .6469 .6646 .8672 .4400 .1169 .4191 .0000 .3945 .7048 .5632 .6408 .7260 .7362 .0719 .8261 .3525 .7714 .1363 .5694 .5885 .8249 .3618 .0872 .5255 .6055 .0000 .7856 .6642 .7325 .8026 .8107 .1062 .8794 .4552 .8381 .1950 .6699 .6870 .8785 .4652 .1278 .2321 .2952 .2144 .0000 .3507 .4277 .5261 .5390 .0314 .6656 .1857 .5857 .0620 .3564 .3747 .6637 .1919 .0385 .3589 .4368 .3358 .6493 .0000 .5805 .6727 .6840 .0567 .7865 .2969 .7236 .1091 .5063 .5259 .7852 .3054 .0690 .2880 .3592 .2675 .5723 .4195 .0000 .5976 .6100 .0416 .7270 .2338 .6541 .0813 .4256 .4449 .7253 .2411 .0508 .2140 .2740 .1974 .4739 .3273 .4024 .0000 .5129 .0284 .6419 .1704 .5601 .0562 .3329 .3505 .6400 .1762 .0348 .2055 .2638 .1893 .4610 .3160 .3900 .4871 .0000 .0270 .6299 .1632 .5473 .0535 .3215 .3388 .6280 .1688 .0331 .9031 .9281 .8938 .9686 .9433 .9584 .9716 .9730 .0000 .9840 .8755 .9776 .6709 .9447 .9486 .9838 .8798 .5522 .1319 .1739 .1206 .3344 .2135 .2730 .3581 .3701 .0160 .0000 .1028 .4153 .0322 .2177 .2314 .4980 .1066 .0197 .5700 .6475 .5448 .8143 .7031 .7662 .8296 .8368 .1245 .8972 .0000 .8611 .2247 .7083 .7243 .8964 .5101 .1492 .1762 .2286 .1619 .4143 .2764 .3459 .4399 .4527 .0224 .5847 .1389 .0000 .0447 .2815 .2977 .5827 .1438 .0275 .8206 .8637 .8050 .9380 .8909 .9187 .9438 .9465 .3291 .9678 .7753 .9553 .0000 .8934 .9006 .9676 .7822 .3770 .3531 .4306 .3301 .6436 .4937 .5744 .6671 .6785 .0553 .7823 .2917 .7185 .1066 .0000 .5196 .7809 .3001 .0674 .3354 .4115 .3130 .6253 .4741 .5551 .6495 .6612 .0514 .7686 .2757 .7023 .0994 .4804 .0000 .7671 .2839 .0626 .1328 .1751 .1215 .3363 .2148 .2747 .3600 .3720 .0162 .5020 .1036 .4173 .0324 .2191 .2329 .0000 .1074 .0199 .5600 .6382 .5348 .8081 .6946 .7589 .8238 .8312 .1202 .8934 .4899 .8562 .2178 .6999 .7161 .8926 .0000 .1442 .8831 .9128 .8722 .9615 .9310 .9492 .9652 .9669 .4478 .9803 .8508 .9725 .6230 .9326 .9374 .9801 .8558 .0000
取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
A’生－高能力組 (受試編號 493)－取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣 (續)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
B’生－中能力組 (受試編號 47)
.0000 .5769 .5624 .6153 .4773 .5760 .7344 .7523 .1003 .8367 .4136 .7767 .2551 .6317 .5298 .7845 .3652 .1098 .4231 .0000 .4852 .5399 .4012 .4991 .6697 .6902 .0756 .7898 .3410 .7184 .2007 .5572 .4525 .7276 .2967 .0829 .4376 .5148 .0000 .5545 .4155 .5139 .6827 .7027 .0798 .7994 .3544 .7303 .2104 .5717 .4672 .7391 .3092 .0876 .3847 .4601 .4455 .0000 .3634 .4592 .6334 .6550 .0652 .7620 .3060 .6850 .1763 .5175 .4133 .6948 .2645 .0716 .5227 .5988 .5845 .6366 .0000 .5980 .7517 .7688 .1088 .8487 .4358 .7920 .2727 .6526 .5523 .7995 .3864 .1190 .4240 .5009 .4861 .5408 .4020 .0000 .6705 .6909 .0759 .7904 .3418 .7192 .2013 .5581 .4534 .7283 .2975 .0832 .2656 .3303 .3173 .3666 .2483 .3295 .0000 .5235 .0388 .6495 .2033 .5572 .1102 .3829 .2896 .5684 .1722 .0427 .2477 .3098 .2973 .3450 .2312 .3091 .4765 .0000 .0354 .6278 .1885 .5339 .1013 .3610 .2706 .5452 .1592 .0390 .8997 .9244 .9202 .9348 .8912 .9241 .9612 .9646 .0000 .9787 .8635 .9689 .7543 .9390 .9100 .9703 .8376 .5252 .1633 .2102 .2006 .2380 .1513 .2096 .3505 .3722 .0213 .0000 .1210 .4045 .0627 .2509 .1803 .4155 .1010 .0235 .5864 .6590 .6456 .6940 .5642 .6582 .7967 .8115 .1365 .8790 .0000 .8314 .3268 .7086 .6150 .8377 .4492 .1488 .2233 .2816 .2697 .3150 .2080 .2808 .4428 .4661 .0311 .5955 .1686 .0000 .0896 .3303 .2447 .5114 .1419 .0342 .7449 .7993 .7896 .8237 .7273 .7987 .8898 .8987 .2457 .9373 .6732 .9104 .0000 .8336 .7670 .9141 .6269 .2648 .3683 .4428 .4283 .4825 .3474 .4419 .6171 .6390 .0610 .7491 .2914 .6697 .1664 .0000 .3965 .6797 .2511 .0671 .4702 .5475 .5328 .5867 .4477 .5466 .7104 .7294 .0900 .8197 .3850 .7553 .2330 .6035 .0000 .7637 .3380 .0986 .2155 .2724 .2609 .3052 .2005 .2717 .4316 .4548 .0297 .5845 .1623 .4886 .0859 .3203 .2363 .0000 .1364 .0328 .6348 .7033 .6908 .7355 .6136 .7025 .8278 .8408 .1624 .8990 .5508 .8581 .3731 .7489 .6620 .8636 .0000 .1765 .8902 .9171 .9124 .9284 .8810 .9168 .9573 .9610 .4748 .9765 .8512 .9658 .7352 .9329 .9014 .9672 .8235 .0000
取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
C’生－低能力組 (受試編號 753)
.0000 .7717 .6695 .5975 .4674 .5386 .8948 .8087 .1751 .9156 .5307 .8666 .5692 .7675 .4130 .5777 .3781 .1555 .2283 .0000 .3747 .3052 .2062 .2567 .7156 .5558 .0591 .7625 .2508 .6577 .2811 .4941 .1723 .2882 .1525 .0517 .3305 .6253 .0000 .4230 .3023 .3656 .8077 .6761 .0949 .8427 .3583 .7623 .3948 .6197 .2578 .4032 .2309 .0834 .4025 .6948 .5770 .0000 .3715 .4401 .8514 .7401 .1251 .8796 .4324 .8139 .4709 .6898 .3215 .4796 .2905 .1104 .5326 .7938 .6977 .6285 .0000 .5708 .9065 .8281 .1947 .9252 .5631 .8809 .6009 .7900 .4449 .6092 .4092 .1734 .4614 .7433 .6344 .5599 .4292 .0000 .8793 .7837 .1539 .9029 .4922 .8477 .5310 .7388 .3761 .5397 .3425 .1363 .1052 .2844 .1923 .1486 .0935 .1207 .0000 .3320 .0243 .5606 .1174 .4330 .1345 .2796 .0764 .1386 .0667 .0212 .1913 .4442 .3239 .2599 .1719 .2163 .6680 .0000 .0478 .7196 .2111 .6057 .2381 .4384 .1427 .2445 .1257 .0417 .8249 .9409 .9051 .8749 .8053 .8461 .9757 .9522 .0000 .9808 .8420 .9684 .8616 .9396 .7682 .8657 .7412 .4646 .0844 .2375 .1573 .1204 .0748 .0971 .4394 .2804 .0192 .0000 .0944 .3745 .1086 .2333 .0609 .1120 .0531 .0167 .4693 .7492 .6417 .5676 .4369 .5078 .8826 .7889 .1580 .9056 .0000 .8517 .5388 .7448 .3835 .5475 .3496 .1400 .1334 .3423 .2377 .1861 .1191 .1523 .5670 .3943 .0316 .6255 .1483 .0000 .1691 .3370 .0977 .1740 .0856 .0276 .4308 .7189 .6052 .5291 .3991 .4690 .8655 .7619 .1384 .8914 .4612 .8309 .0000 .7141 .3474 .5087 .3151 .1223 .2325 .5059 .3803 .3102 .2100 .2612 .7204 .5616 .0604 .7667 .2552 .6630 .2859 .0000 .1757 .2930 .1555 .0528 .5870 .8277 .7422 .6785 .5551 .6239 .9236 .8573 .2318 .9391 .6165 .9023 .6526 .8243 .0000 .6604 .4635 .2075 .4223 .7118 .5968 .5204 .3908 .4603 .8614 .7555 .1343 .8880 .4525 .8260 .4913 .7070 .3396 .0000 .3076 .1186
C’生－低能力組 (受試編號 753) (續)
.6219 .8475 .7691 .7095 .5908 .6575 .9333 .8743 .2588 .9469 .6504 .9144 .6849 .8445 .5365 .6924 .0000 .2325 .8445 .9483 .9166 .8896 .8266 .8637 .9788 .9583 .5354 .9833 .8600 .9724 .8777 .9472 .7925 .8814 .7675 .0000
取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
專家－答對所有試題之受試者 (受試編號 149)
.0000 .6440 .3625 .8740 .8042 .8304 .8578 .8366 .0893 .9081 .4485 .8732 .1204 .7538 .7501 .9123 .5311 .1261 .3560 .0000 .2392 .7932 .6943 .7303 .7693 .7389 .0514 .8453 .3102 .7920 .0703 .6287 .6239 .8519 .3850 .0739 .6375 .7608 .0000 .9243 .8784 .8960 .9139 .9000 .1470 .9456 .5885 .9237 .1940 .8434 .8407 .9482 .6657 .2024 .1260 .2068 .0757 .0000 .3719 .4138 .4651 .4245 .0139 .5875 .1049 .4981 .0193 .3062 .3019 .5999 .1403 .0204 .1958 .3057 .1216 .6281 .0000 .5439 .5949 .5548 .0233 .7064 .1653 .6264 .0322 .4271 .4222 .7169 .2161 .0339 .1696 .2697 .1040 .5862 .4561 .0000 .5519 .5111 .0196 .6687 .1424 .5844 .0272 .3847 .3799 .6799 .1878 .0286 .1422 .2307 .0861 .5349 .4051 .4481 .0000 .4590 .0160 .6210 .1188 .5330 .0222 .3367 .3322 .6329 .1580 .0234 .1634 .2611 .1000 .5755 .4452 .4889 .5410 .0000 .0188 .6588 .1371 .5736 .0260 .3743 .3696 .6702 .1811 .0274 .9107 .9486 .8530 .9861 .9767 .9804 .9840 .9812 .0000 .9902 .8925 .9860 .5827 .9690 .9684 .9907 .9204 .5956 .0919 .1547 .0544 .4125 .2936 .3313 .3790 .3412 .0098 .0000 .0760 .4106 .0137 .2365 .2329 .5128 .1028 .0144 .5515 .6898 .4115 .8951 .8347 .8576 .8812 .8629 .1075 .9240 .0000 .8944 .1440 .7901 .7868 .9275 .5820 .1507 .1268 .2080 .0763 .5019 .3736 .4156 .4670 .4264 .0140 .5894 .1056 .0000 .0195 .3078 .3035 .6017 .1412 .0205 .8796 .9297 .8060 .9807 .9678 .9728 .9778 .9740 .4173 .9863 .8560 .9805 .0000 .9572 .9564 .9870 .8922 .5133 .2462 .3713 .1566 .6938 .5729 .6153 .6633 .6257 .0310 .7635 .2099 .6922 .0428 .0000 .4949 .7726 .2700 .0450 .2499 .3761 .1593 .6981 .5778 .6201 .6678 .6304 .0316 .7671 .2132 .6965 .0436 .5051 .0000 .7761 .2740 .0459
專家－答對所有試題之受試者 (受試編號 149) (續)
.0877 .1481 .0518 .4001 .2831 .3201 .3671 .3298 .0093 .4872 .0725 .3983 .0130 .2274 .2239 .0000 .0982 .0137 .4689 .6150 .3343 .8597 .7839 .8122 .8420 .8189 .0796 .8972 .4180 .8588 .1078 .7300 .7260 .9018 .0000 .1130 .8739 .9261 .7976 .9796 .9661 .9714 .9766 .9726 .4044 .9856 .8493 .9795 .4867 .9550 .9541 .9863 .8870 .0000
取 α cut=.80 之概念屬性截矩陣
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
附錄 三 計算概念 ISM 圖之相關 SAS/IML 原始碼
模糊關係矩陣－以高能力組 A 生(受試編號 18)為例 Title 'Calculate 2PL subordinate matrix for AISM ';
DATA PARA;
infile 'f:\formal\ab.prn';
input a b;
*PROC PRINT DATA=PARA;
RUN;
DATA ATTRI;
infile 'f:\formal\d-matrix.dat';
input A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18;
*PROC PRINT DATA=theta;
RUN;
DATA THETA;
infile 'f:\formal\ability.dat';
input the1 ;
*PROC PRINT DATA=theta;
RUN;
***** CHANGE DATASET INTO MATRIX *****;
PROC IML;
USE PARA;
* LIST ALL;
READ ALL INTO PA;
* PRINT PA;
* R=NROW(PA);
* C=NCOL(PA);
* PRINT R C;
USE ATTRI;
* LIST ALL;
READ ALL INTO AT;
READ ALL INTO AT;