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石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 評估結果

在文檔中 中 華 大 學 (頁 66-73)

第五章 結果與討論

5.1 案例一石門水庫上游集水區

5.1.4 石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 評估結果

由上所本研究進一步估計之權重值,進一步代入 SIAM,朱達仁

(2006)[2]求取綜合評估值,並將結果繪製季別變化圖,如圖 5.2 所 示。由於過去謝宜衡(2006)[1]曾以 PCA 估計權重值,為比較彼此間 是否有差異,因此本文分別與(1)1/n(指標初始權重值)評估值設為 SIAM1;(2)本文應用 MDS 評估值設為 SIAM2;(3)謝宜衡之權 重值所求評估值設為SIAM3。三式之結果呈現如圖 5.2。

三式之SIAM 方程式,如下所示:

SIAM1=0.14IBI+0.14FBI+0.14RBPIII+0.14RPI+0.14QHEI+

0.14GI+0.14SI (1/n)

SIAM2=0.15IBI+0.15FBI+0.15RBPIII+0.15RPI+0.15QHEI+

0.12GI+0.15SI (本研究 MDS)

SIAM3=0.16IBI+0.15FBI+0.17RBPIII+0.14RPI+ 0.15QHEI+

0.08GI+0.15SI (謝宜衡,2006)

由圖 5.2 中可看出,石門水庫上游集水區八個採樣站以 S3 與 S5 之生態狀況為最好,十二季評價結果幾乎皆維持在第一級 Excellent 之 等級內。其次為S1、S2、S4 與 S6 等四個測點,其評價結果在 2003 年 冬季到 2004 年夏季期間皆屬於第一級之生態等級,而 2004 年秋季時 這些採樣點評價等級降級至第二級Very Good 等級至第三級 Good 內,

S6 測點甚至由 Excellent 直接降級為 Good 至 Poor 之等級,為四個測點 中生態狀況變化幅度較大之測點。朱達仁等(2005)[73, 74, 75]經探討 其原因後發現,此結果可能是受到艾利颱風挾帶大量豪大雨沖刷的影 響,導致水中濁度升高、棲地破壞及水生物生態受到嚴重干擾等,使 得各類評估指標評價結果皆呈現降級情形,因此 SIAM 數值亦隨之下 降。S8 測點則由圖 5.2 中可看出,其在本研究調查期間 SIAM 值皆落

在等級二內,顯示生態狀況良好。而在八個採樣站中,評估結果顯示 生態環境最差者為S7 測點,由於此測點水質不僅受到附近住家排放污 水的影響,嚴重的人為改變更導致魚類遮蔽度低、河道少彎曲、水深 淺及流速低[75],因此在十二季的評估結果中,計算出的 SIAM 數值大 部分落在第三等級,顯示生態環境品質稍差。

整體而言,石門水庫上游集水區生態狀況堪稱良好,SIAM 評價結 果介於等級一至等級三之間,其中以上、中游段測點(S1~S6)狀況較 佳,除了2004 年秋季受艾利颱風影響等級下降外,其餘季節 SIAM 數 值多在等級一(Excellent)內。而靠近水庫區旁兩個採樣站 S7 與 S8 以 SIAM 評價的結果,則顯示十二季的整體生態狀況較上、中游段稍 差。

S1

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SI A M

SIAM1 SIAM2 SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

S2

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SIA M

SIAM1

SIAM2 SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

S3

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SIA M

SIAM1

SIAM2

SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

S4

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SIA M

SIAM1

SIAM2

SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

圖5.2 石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 評估結果

S5

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SIA M

SIAM1 SIAM2

SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

S6

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SIA M

SIAM1

SIAM2

SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

S7

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SIA M

SIAM1

SIAM2

SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

S8

0 1 2 3 4 5

冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋

2003 2004 2005

Month

SIA M

SIAM1

SIAM2

SIAM3 Excellent

Very Good Good Poor Very Poor

圖5.2 石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 評估結果(續)

由表5.4 石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 的評估結果,可看出在十二季 的調查中,SIAM1 各測點評估的數值範圍介於 1.878~5.000 之間,

SIAM2 則介於 1.935~5.000 之間,SIAM3 介於 2.203~5.000。另外,當 指標評估結果之變異程度較大時,代表此指標較能有效的區別出不同 之生態環境狀況。由表5.4 中可看出,顯示在石門水庫上游集水區的調 查中,若以本研究所估求出的權重值進行綜合評估時,其評估結果比 以因子分析權重所做的評估較具有鑑別力。另外,在評價等級部份,

三者呈現的結果則在 2003 年冬季 S8、2003 年春季 S6、2004 年秋季 S6、S7 和 S8、2005 年冬季 S7、2005 年春季 S1 和 S8、2005 年夏季 S2、S4 和 S7 樣點有差異(如表 5.4 中灰色網格部分)。

表5.4 石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 評估結果

Year Season Station SIAM1 Rank1 SIAM2 Rank2 SIAM3 Rank3 S1 4.46 Excellent 4.45 Excellent 4.37 Excellent S2 3.25 Very Good 3.35 Very Good 3.50 Very Good S3 4.64 Excellent 4.63 Excellent 4.57 Excellent S4 4.86 Excellent 4.85 Excellent 4.85 Excellent S5 4.50 Excellent 4.48 Excellent 4.46 Excellent S6 4.54 Excellent 4.55 Excellent 4.56 Excellent S7 2.58 Good 2.63 Good 2.65 Good 2003

S8 3.93 Very Good 3.96 Very Good 4.00 Excellent S1 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent S2 4.54 Excellent 4.58 Excellent 4.64 Excellent S3 4.71 Excellent 4.77 Excellent 4.84 Excellent S4 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent S5 4.82 Excellent 4.82 Excellent 4.80 Excellent S6 2.89 Good 2.98 Good 3.13 Very Good S7 2.38 Good 2.42 Good 2.49 Good 2003

S8 3.37 Very Good 3.38 Very Good 3.38 Very Good S1 4.82 Excellent 4.82 Excellent 4.80 Excellent S2 4.72 Excellent 4.71 Excellent 4.69 Excellent S3 4.57 Excellent 4.62 Excellent 4.69 Excellent S4 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent S5 4.82 Excellent 4.82 Excellent 4.80 Excellent 2003

S6 4.54 Excellent 4.55 Excellent 4.56 Excellent

表5.4 石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 評估結果(續)

Year Season Station SIAM1 Rank1 SIAM2 Rank2 SIAM3 Rank3 S7 3.41 Very Good 3.36 Very Good 3.22 Very Good S8 3.51 Very Good 3.56 Very Good 3.58 Very Good S1 4.64 Excellent 4.63 Excellent 4.58 Excellent S2 4.50 Excellent 4.52 Excellent 4.51 Excellent S3 4.21 Excellent 4.25 Excellent 4.26 Excellent S4 4.14 Excellent 4.15 Excellent 4.16 Excellent S5 4.82 Excellent 4.82 Excellent 4.79 Excellent S6 4.50 Excellent 4.48 Excellent 4.45 Excellent S7 3.27 Very Good 3.27 Very Good 3.22 Very Good 2003

S8 3.55 Very Good 3.59 Very Good 3.66 Very Good S1 4.54 Excellent 4.58 Excellent 4.63 Excellent S2 4.21 Excellent 4.25 Excellent 4.28 Excellent S3 4.71 Excellent 4.77 Excellent 4.84 Excellent S4 4.54 Excellent 4.55 Excellent 4.56 Excellent S5 4.68 Excellent 4.70 Excellent 4.71 Excellent S6 4.26 Excellent 4.26 Excellent 4.25 Excellent S7 3.22 Very Good 3.23 Very Good 3.18 Very Good 2004

S8 3.69 Very Good 3.74 Very Good 3.76 Very Good S1 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent 5.00 Excellent S2 4.29 Excellent 4.42 Excellent 4.61 Excellent S3 4.82 Excellent 4.82 Excellent 4.80 Excellent S4 4.86 Excellent 4.85 Excellent 4.85 Excellent S5 4.29 Excellent 4.42 Excellent 4.61 Excellent S6 4.50 Excellent 4.48 Excellent 4.42 Excellent S7 2.73 Good 2.79 Good 2.80 Good 2004

S8 3.09 Very Good 3.15 Very Good 3.22 Very Good S1 4.57 Excellent 4.59 Excellent 4.62 Excellent S2 4.68 Excellent 4.67 Excellent 4.65 Excellent S3 4.71 Excellent 4.77 Excellent 4.84 Excellent S4 4.57 Excellent 4.59 Excellent 4.62 Excellent S5 4.86 Excellent 4.85 Excellent 4.85 Excellent S6 4.36 Excellent 4.37 Excellent 4.34 Excellent S7 3.47 Very Good 3.48 Very Good 3.52 Very Good 2004

S8 3.31 Very Good 3.32 Very Good 3.27 Very Good S1 3.86 Very Good 3.88 Very Good 3.86 Very Good S2 3.47 Very Good 3.49 Very Good 3.49 Very Good S3 4.07 Excellent 4.17 Excellent 4.27 Excellent 2004

S4 2.69 Good 2.77 Good 2.88 Good

表5.4 石門水庫上游集水區 SIAM 評估結果(續)

Year Season Station SIAM1 Rank1 SIAM2 Rank2 SIAM3 Rank3 S5 4.64 Excellent 4.63 Excellent 4.58 Excellent S6 1.95 Poor 2.01 Good 2.10 Good S7 1.88 Poor 1.94 Poor 2.02 Good S8 2.94 Good 3.00 Very Good 3.03 Very Good S1 4.32 Excellent 4.30 Excellent 4.23 Excellent S2 4.32 Excellent 4.30 Excellent 4.22 Excellent S3 4.36 Excellent 4.34 Excellent 4.30 Excellent S4 4.18 Excellent 4.15 Excellent 4.07 Excellent S5 3.93 Very Good 3.99 Very Good 4.07 Very Good S6 3.39 Very Good 3.47 Very Good 3.52 Very Good S7 3.01 Very Good 3.04 Good 3.04 Good 2005

S8 3.41 Very Good 3.42 Very Good 3.41 Very Good S1 4.00 Excellent 4.00 Excellent 3.94 Very Good S2 3.75 Very Good 3.83 Very Good 3.91 Very Good S3 4.36 Excellent 4.37 Excellent 4.36 Excellent S4 3.79 Very Good 3.87 Very Good 3.97 Very Good S5 4.64 Excellent 4.63 Excellent 4.58 Excellent S6 3.30 Very Good 3.31 Very Good 3.30 Very Good S7 2.86 Good 2.92 Good 2.96 Good 2005

S8 4.08 Excellent 4.05 Excellent 3.96 Very Good S1 3.12 Very Good 3.12 Very Good 3.12 Very Good S2 2.93 Good 2.99 Good 3.07 Very Good S3 4.46 Excellent 4.45 Excellent 4.41 Excellent S4 3.01 Very Good 2.94 Good 2.87 Good S5 4.50 Excellent 4.48 Excellent 4.43 Excellent S6 2.86 Good 2.91 Good 2.96 Good S7 3.05 Very Good 3.08 Good 3.11 Very Good 2005

S8 3.80 Very Good 3.76 Very Good 3.68 Very Good S1 2.51 Good 2.59 Good 2.67 Good S2 3.40 Very Good 3.35 Very Good 3.24 Very Good S3 4.18 Excellent 4.18 Excellent 4.14 Excellent S4 2.90 Good 2.84 Good 2.72 Good S5 4.64 Excellent 4.63 Excellent 4.58 Excellent S6 3.32 Very Good 3.33 Very Good 3.31 Very Good S7 3.15 Very Good 3.15 Very Good 3.07 Very Good 2005

S8 3.65 Very Good 3.70 Very Good 3.74 Very Good

變異數 0.602 0.584 0.571

標準差 0.776 0.764 0.756

在文檔中 中 華 大 學 (頁 66-73)