第五章、 研究結論與建議
第四節、 研究建議
本研究是在探討市場導向、企業家精神、創新能力與經營績效之影響，
研究聚集在以上幾個構面中，未對其他相關衍生問題進行闡述，將就研究所 遭逢之限制，對後續研究者提出建議及未來研究方向，另對欲從事創新研究 之中小企業提出概念性參考建議。
一、對後續研究者建議
(1)本研究係針對經濟部創新研究獎獲獎企業所做調查研究，而該獎項獎勵 範圍將創新研究分為產品、技術、製程、流程、服務等五項創新類別，
而本研究在創新能力上依學者Damanpour (1991)、Robbins (1996)分為技 術與管理創新，雖以涵蓋該獎項獎勵範圍，但恐有不完整之處，建議後 續研究者可針對上述五種創新型態及企業有何特徵加以探討。
(2)本研究之依變項為經營績效，由於所研究對象為創新研究有成之企業，
建議後續研究者可探討創新績效之領域，或者經營績效與創新績效為依 變項共同探討。
(3)本研究之對象為創新研究有成之企業，建議後續研究者可進行深度訪 談，輔以質性研究，以更確認界定各變數之選擇。
(4)本研究之主要變項之選擇，為研究者觀念性之架構，輔以文獻探討與學 者之理論及研究而成，研究礙於時間與資源的限制，在研究架構中各變 項之間影響關係的建立恐有不完整之處，建議後續研究者可構思增加其 他變項如組織學習、行銷能力、策略意圖等來探討。另在探討企業家精 神時亦可以人格特質加入研究。
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(5)本研究以創新研究有成企業為研究對象，建議後續研究者可作探索性的 研就，探究其從事創新研究背景因素、外在環境影響因素、政府支持、
創新活動瓶頸等變項課題作延伸之探討。
(6)市場導向可分為文化面（Narver & Slater ,1990）與行動面（Jaworski &
Kohli, 1990 ）兩 種 觀 點 ， 本 研 究 的 市 場 導 向 是 採 用 Narver and Slater (1990）企業文化面觀點，建議未來研究可從行動面的觀點切入，瞭解不 同市場導向焦點所造成的差異為何。
二、對產業界建議
依本研究所得結論，彙整創新有成之企業(樣本群)特徵，做為一般中小 企業在制定創新研究策略與擬定企業轉型計劃時概念性之參考。
(1)在愈重視顧客反應及競爭對手的動態與強調跨部門組織之間的溝通，則 愈能促使其在創新能力的程度上有所提高。
(2)要有前瞻與敏略觀察力，在市場尚未被開發應用前即主動構思探索之可 行性，而這樣的主動性愈強，則其創新能力也會愈高。
(3)時常分析競爭者的優勢與策略，對競爭環境的威脅做出迅速的反應，並 強化跨部門間的協調、溝通與合作，用以整合組織內的各項資源來面對 市場的需求，共同努力達成企業經營績效之目標。
(4)主動積極性機愈強，則其創新能力也會愈高，而其整體經營績效亦會愈 高。
(5)在愈重視技術創新(產品、製程、流程、服務)的情況下，則其整體經營 績效會愈好。
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(6)發展市場導向策略時，可藉由技術創新來達成經營績效之目標。
(7)創新不僅能使企業具有較佳的適應力及存活率，而且有利於企業經營績 效之提昇。
(8) 北部創新環境資源較佳。產業在群聚內企業高度互動下，由於訊息及人 力資源的交互流動，促成產業知識與創意的外溢，因此創新最常發生在 產業聚集處。
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