第七章 結論與建議
第三節 研究限制及未來研究方向
以下說明本研究的限制，並依據研究結果，同時提出本研究尚未探討的重要 議題與發現作為未來研究之方向，提出以下建議：
（1）樣本推論性與偏誤：本研究在資料收集採立意取樣，參與者來源為網 路平台，並無法進行隨機取樣，在研究對象上，應在年級、學校類別、科系等背 景條件採分層取樣，增加樣本的代表性，本研究受限於資源不足，採立意取樣，
因此推論性不足為本研究限制之一。同時，根據本研究參與者的樣本特性分析 中，發現研究參與者女性比例高於男性、中高憂鬱情緒者比例高，顯示本研究在 進行問卷蒐集過程中，可能因為問卷邀請函、問卷主題呈現方式，造成研究參與
者特性具有偏誤，選取特定類型之受試者，影響研究分析結果的推論性；（2）研 究工具效度：另外，本研究採用自陳式測量工具，可能會受到參與者個人因素而 造成反應上之偏誤，而降低有效性。此外，本研究在特定領域完美主義變項上，
皆以近乎完美主義量表加上領域引導詞，測量參與者特定領域完美主義，可能受 限於語句重複性以及受測者主觀判斷等因素，降低研究工具效度，（3）未來研究 方向：本研究僅探討不同領域完美主義與憂鬱間的關聯性，在研究中卻發現低憂 鬱者，其完美主義明顯低於其他兩組，因此本研究建議未來可以進一步探討個體 在不同領域完美主義與生活滿意度、幸福感等正面效標之間是否存在負相關。
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附錄一：前導調查問卷
完美主義領域特定性
親愛的受訪者您好：
首先，要非常感謝您願意抽空填寫此問卷!
完美主義在心理學中是指個體不斷追求最高的個人標準，並伴隨著對自我評價以 及對他人評價的關注。每個人應該都可以感受到自己對生活中某些領域，會特別 在意、會要求自己的表現、會追求完美。
這這份問卷主要目的：了解大學生的完美主義會在哪一些領域展現，對於生 活中的那些事務/領域，特別的自我要求？
問卷內容：本問卷為三部分，共 52 題，作答時間約 5 分鐘。
研究對象：學生
注意事項：此調查不具名，也不會公開數據資料，您可以放心的心情作答
此問卷設計純粹想了解一般人受到完美主義影響之領域，以協助後續研究可以進 行更加順利!
非常感謝您無私的協助!
國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所 指導教授：李俊仁教授、許維素教授 研究生：許胤筠敬上 聯絡信件：black621339@gmail.com
【第一部分：各領域完美主義調查】本部分共有 44 題，主要是想瞭解您對於自
25 我對自己在「家務清潔」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 26 在「家務清潔」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 27 我對自己在「時間管理」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 28 在「時間管理」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 29 我對自己在「信件回應」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 30 在「信件回應」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 31 我對自己在「休閒活動」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 32 在「休閒活動」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 33 我對自己在「口語表達」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 34 在「口語表達」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 35 我對自己在「運動」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 36 在「運動」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 37 我對自己在「投資與購買」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 38 在「投資與購買」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 39 我對自己在「整齊」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 40 在「整齊」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 41 我對自己在「小孩教育」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 42 在「小孩教育」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5 43 我對自己在「修理物品」上的表現有很高的標準。 1 2 3 4 5 44 在「修理物品」上，我經常因為未能達到自己的標準而感到無奈。 1 2 3 4 5