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研究限制與未來研究建議

第五章 結論與建議

第二節 研究限制與未來研究建議

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第二節 研究限制與未來研究建議

本研究回收的有效樣本數為 187 份,問卷數量不夠多,可能會出現樣本代表 性的限制。問卷設計方面,在人格特質部分是讓受訪者(員工)自評,而工作績 效是由主管填寫。但在員工自評這部分,在許多研究中指出,人並不是能夠完全 的查覺自我內在的狀態或回憶貣曾發生過的事件,而且自評部分有可能會有做假 的情況,受訪者在自評時,很容易填寫一般社會所期待的答案,有可能造成研究 結果的偏差。

在員工的工作績效部分,本研究採以主管評分的問卷收集方式,雖然較符合 目前大部分企業的運作模式,由主管作員工的工作績效評估的方式,已較國內許 多研究採用由員工自評員工績效的方式來得客觀。但單從主管作績效評估的方式,

也可能有失偏頗,目前已有越來越多的企業採用 360 度績效評估的方式。Berry

(2009)在研究五大人格特質與管理者的績效(任務績效與情境績效),便是透 過以 360 度績效評估方式,結果獲得更顯著的效果。

本研究針對五大人格特質與員工的工作績效之關聯度的探討,並未探討其他 的干擾因素。如 Colbert et al.(2004)研究員工的偏差行為發現:正向心情與員 工的偏差行為呈現負相關,而五大人格特質中的審慎性、情緒穩定度(神經質)

與親和性均與員工的偏差行為有相關性。建議未來的研究可針對相關的干擾因素 做進一步的分析研究,五大人格特質與員工的工作績效的關聯度。

因此,在本研究中,有些假說在之前學者所做的研究是成立的,但本研究中 卻未獲得支持,如 H4a:開放性和員工適應性績效有正向關係等,可再針對適應 性績效中的構面進行進一步的分析。如 Stewart & Nandeolyar(2006) 所做的研

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究,發現開放性較高的業務代表在適應性績效的任務修正(Task Revision)面向 有較高的表現。建議未來的研究者可針對員工的工作績效做更細緻的研究,可提 高五大人格特質在員工的工作績效上有更準確的預測性。

而性別與教育程度在本研究中也發現與工作績效有顯著的相關性,也建議有 興趣的學者可做近一步的探討。

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