第五章 結論與建議
第三節 研究限制與未來研究方向
一、研究限制
雖然本研究結果可以支持目前實務界使用促銷情形,不過因為人力與物力的限 制,研究仍然未臻完善;本研究的限制如下:
1. 本研究限於經費與時間,採用便利抽樣方法進行資料收集,因樣本分類主要 為大專女性學生,且抽樣地區為台灣地區,本研究僅追求內部效度一致,可能無 法兼顧外部效度;因此本研究所獲得的結論,僅適合說明抽樣對象的特性,研究 結果無法推論至台灣整體人口母體。
2. 本研究實證產品為女性用化妝保養品,該產品屬於中高單價商品,由於本研 究採用的促銷方式與實務上日常消費品的促銷方式相同,因此,研究結果若要推 論至其他商品應僅限於中高價品類,對於日用商品則難以推論。至於本研究所驗 證且修改過的品牌資產量表,亦僅適用本研究,應用上可能無法擴大至其他產品 類別。
3. 因為是使用虛擬品牌,在其他分類的構面中有些品牌資產的面向在本研究中 無法考慮,如品牌忠誠度,品牌信譽等題項,雖然在量表中未使用,但是在實務 上仍然要考慮其他面向的重要性。
4. 雖然這個研究所使用測量品牌聯想的方式與品牌資產的認知哲學觀點一致,
但是仍舊有可能被視為是不完整的測量法。必須要承認這個方法有優點也有缺 點,也有其他的方式做品牌資產的評估,但是這可能是經理人在管理品牌資產上 最相關也最簡單的方式,對企業來說,在消費者心中的品牌資產才是真正重要的。
二、未來研究方向
1. 因時間及成本考量,本研究的樣本選取來自台灣地區女性大專學生,後續研 究者實可擴大抽樣範圍至台灣整體人口,並採隨機抽樣方式,則樣本推論的正確 性會更高。
2. 除了品牌資產、品牌功能屬性聯想、品牌認知、品牌非功能屬性聯想之外,
還有品牌連結的強度(Keller 1998)等等許多的品牌資產構成的面向可以繼續探 討。
3. 影響品牌資產的來源除了促銷活動外,尚有廣告等其他行銷活動,未來若能 納入其他影響變數,並且測量來源的聯結強度,將可以找出何種行銷溝通工具在 建立品牌資產上較為重要。
4. 還有一個有趣的研究方向,從生產者的品牌策略角度出發,如果生產者同時 使用不同的行銷溝通工具,是否會造成彼此工具間對品牌資產的影響削減或是增 強?而生產者與零售商之間如果都使用促銷,那麼是生產者品牌資產提高較多又 或者是零售商的品牌資產提高較多呢?
5. 本研究採用的促銷工具為現金折扣及贈品,然而貨幣性促銷及非貨幣性促銷 尚有其他促銷工具,諸如:折價券、退還貨款、抽獎、集點數、免費樣品等,後 續研究可選用其他的促銷工具進行研究,檢定消費者對不同促銷工具的評價及對 品牌資產的影響效果。此外,後續研究也可增加其他品類的產品,驗證相同促銷 工具應用在不同品類時,是否仍可以提高相同程度之品牌資產,並驗證本研究所 採用的品牌資產衡量量表在其他產業的適用性。
6. 本研究係以消費者觀點來衡量品牌資產,但品牌資產確立後,如何提升與管 理品牌資產更是管理人員的重任。後續研究如能從企業行銷人員的觀點,探討打 造強勢品牌的策略及主要方式,將有助於提升品牌管理的效能。
7. 本研究之調查對象為消費者,後續研究若能結合零售通路採購人員的觀點,
探討採購人員對通路促銷方式及同業品牌資產的評價,將有助於企業對通路商的 促銷策略擬定。
而分析通路商對同業品牌的評價水準,可使行銷人員瞭解與競爭者間的品牌強度 差異,讓業務單位與通路商交易談判前,對品牌地位強弱程度能有所認知,避免 陷入由通路商一面主導的局勢。
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附錄二 虛擬廣告稿 組別:無促銷
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附錄二 虛擬廣告稿 組別:普通非貨幣性促銷
附錄二 虛擬廣告稿 組別:獨特貨幣性促銷
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此品牌讓我感覺非常有趣 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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