從制度觀點論社會-生態系統強健性的分析框架

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(8) (206) a~~.~~~-.~.m~~~~1.M.~ • • tl.~k~~.~o~~'. ••. SEs~t~~.r.&~M~tl~~~~&M.'~AMMI~~rft~M~~~~14. tl1.~Mti~~M.~tl~.~tl'k~~.~~o~ka~.~~*~U&~~£.. l! .fT ~ tJf 1t t 1M: jlJ ~. 1m '. 0. jI1'F1'1~jH~IjWmH~fi~~~. El iltr '. ~:tl ~. SESs *L~. 7f- tIT ' ~ k. ~ ,", ~. j- i"t-1t ffl :it 14- E1 of qt II ~ ~ I (.tNt 110 ,ti l! tI ). ~~'~k~~~~#£~~~~~:it~~I~~(.ft~~~tI)~~o~~~~~~. # It 't 1~ fa it e. ~ - ~ ?~ 1. ~ !1t it Nl. M ' ,~~l i~ it it 4t ;f± t-li ",j El ~ ~ :k 11;. ~ l& 't ~ ~ (~t1 : Clark, 1990) 0.it ~1i1f 1t.t~ ill ,~~.tNt 110 ,ti /tJ!lj ~ ~ji.1i: ' j.;,l.l!! ~i!!£ .tilHi(overharvesting) ~~l.1.:4:itl!!~~~~#£ • • ~.~(~~: • • &~)~~T~~t.~~lo ~mm~~~.,lt't~k~M~U* • .i!~&~'uA.ti~Nl.M*~tij-~*ffl.~ M~1l~~4ftj-~~~~ • • • o~:it'.ftfi~f~.~.~~~~~~U~u~Jt, ;t • ~ ffl ip .i~ #\ *,1;M'- j- i~ 7f- ir~.f1 :lit ~ it ~ 1t ffl ($- Jt Tietenberg, 2002, :lit lli 14- • M~~. 1.. ~@].). 0. ~ • • • ~~~~,~:it.~l~M;M'-.mj-~*ffl:itfi~~.~I~.*~u. •.. •. Arrow (1951).tf!l . ~~~.A..1i; ~f::kJtjUi.~j;).~tlJt"~~;f±t-.*;:kJtj1l.1;-k~~~.~ Shepsle (1979,1989) ~bft 1t~ '~&~U.~~t~-~M~;.it~ • • a~~-~ff.:it~~.~A..~~~~ j.;,l.lt~ McKelvey's(l976, 1979) ~~t$4!..~ (chaos theorem) ~. : (1) ~-1lJ1tl~ ~ .~~~';f±t-.*~.Jt&~~.k~*~.~;~(2).i!!~ • .i!• • tI,~#£. ~~~~:itU.~ • • ~~ •• ! °.i!~Uk·OOft~.~~~~~~~*ffi_'~~t .~k' • • -+.~~ ~.'~~._14tl~.o a~t~. ' .itJiJ;..tNt1'F~~.It~~.~;:k~~ji~j;).~.7f-# ' j.;,l.{t"$f1t SESs ~.1( j;).&~!1tit~.*l~l.T '~te.ill~~~~~i*-l!tI. 0. 0. 0. ••. tlo~~'llm~~~*M.~~~~~'~k*~t.~~~~«~~~~~~(f.. 1tffl:it) , j;).&.It• • ~;:k(~#£."ti~~1*J.Ii.)~M~~,tt,1i.. 0. _~~.itJlb*1tiNl.J!IJ~. .4aff'~j-~*ffl:it~~#£.~~.~:it~M~.~t-#~'.i!k~.~M~~* A~~~~~~~o~~,~*~#£ • • ~*.:itA~ftf~t-*j-~*ffl. •• A~~. #£.~~~~,j-~*ffl:it~~~~~~.~o. n ' SESs a~~i1lt11 a~fi~SES~.~~.~M_~~.:ite.~U.~'~~M.fir. •• tlJT~_. .4~itAom.-.&~~r.~tlJ,.~:r.*~.~~~~ff.4km.~C~. J (CarlsonandDoyle2002)~~' J'Ei:~ti$Jt'lt ' ar'Hf~ SESs t~ii.~ ~it)t tt(Carpenter et al. 2001) ~ 1 ~«A.. ~ ~ ~ji :lit 15. ~ £!t!!.~ ill il100 M"!: (1) 1+ Jf k l& 't ~ &~? (2). .PlT~11;.' .JiJ;.m:t~,*,~!M-ttt~~~.t~. &~~1t r • {Jt'1i. J '. ~~~fi~ ~. 100 &~ ~. 0. a. *.kml~~&~!M-tl?~A(3)*Jf~.~SES~-~&~.~'U~~.~.& ~e.~~r. ••tlJ?. ~~'.-.!M-~~1..&~~.~,~k;f±t-&~~;f±t-ff ••. ~~.·~mA_~~~.~~*~.~~,.it.&~~.k.~.h~.?4:it;f±.4. •• ~k.~~h~,~~~ • • • &~e.~~r ••tlJ ? 8 . (H {I. r. •.

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(21) t*. «~~.A.~.-~~~~~~~~~~~~. (219). ; in els.. lof the. A Framework to Analyze the Robustness of Social-ecological Systems from an Institutional Perspective. tate. John M. Anderies l , Marco A. Janssen2, and Elinor Ostrom 3 Translated by Ai-Ching Yen 4 San. ed? IE.. 'ns.. Key words: institutions, resilience, robustness, social-ecological systems.. ABSTRACT. 61.. ent. What makes social-ecological systems (SESs) robust? In this paper, we look at the institutional configurations that affect the interactions among resources, resource users, public. ve.. infrastructure providers, and public infrastructures. We propose a framework that helps identify potential vulnerabilities of SESs to disturbances. All the links between components of this. B.. framework can fail and thereby reduce the robustness of the system. We posit that the link. 'rm. between resource users and public infrastructure providers is a key variable affecting the. 'he,. robustness of SESs that has frequently been ignored in the past. We illustrate the problems caused by a disruption in this link. We then briefly describe the design princlples originally developed for robust common-pool resource institutions, because they appear to be a good starting point for the development of design principles for more general SESs and do include the link between resource users and public infrastructure providers.. Department of Biology and Center for Environmental Studies, Arizona State University;. Center for the Study of Institutions. Population, and Environmental Change. Indiana University;. Porfessor, Department of Political Science; Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis; Center for the Study oflnstitutions. Population.. and Environmental Change, Indiana University;. 4 Porfessor. Department of Land Economics. National C!teng.chi University,. -. 21 .

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