館員工作壓力因應行為研究─以我國公立大學暨學院圖書館為例

ၡ ࢋ

࿅ޘ۞̍үᑅ˧ົᇆᜩᐡࣶ۞̍үᒻ ड़Ăዋޘ۞ᑅ˧ܜഇ҃֏Ξ፬൴ˠࣇ۞Җࠎ જ፟Ă᎕ໂࢬ၆߄ጼĂߏᆧซ࣎វϠ׻˧υ ࢋ۞ו፬Ąଘѣдዋޘᑅ˧˭͞Ξֹܳ࣎វ யϠ౵ָ̍үᒻड़Ă҃тңֹ࣎វѣड़г῁ ྋᑅ˧Ăֹ׎አ༼дዋޘ۞ᑅ˧ቑಛ̰Ă݋ ᛳٺᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᛉᗟĄώࡁտពϯĂצ ణᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎߏტЪયᗟפШ ᄃଐჰפШ˟۰Ăҭ༊̍үᑅ˧ు႙ᆧ̂ ॡĂᐡࣶٽ้ШٺͽଐჰפШ۞͞ёЯᑕĂ ͷкઐШтҋయă൴ࠈăዏޤăੜᒺඈ̙ઉ ૵۞ଐჰҖࠎĂࣃ଀ဦ३ᐡგநลᆸڦຍĄ

Abstract

Stress is not a naturedly bad thing - it may be stimulating, motivating and provide excitement to individuals. However, when it

exceeds individualsŅ ability to cope it becomes harmful both to library and staff. Adequate coping strategies keep the librarians in a state of good health and high job performance. The purpose of this study is trying to explore librariansŅ ways of coping with job-related stress in the library settings of national colleges and universities in Taiwan. The study indicates that librariansŅ ways of coping are both problem-focused and emotion-focused. And as the stress getting greater, librarians are inclined to cope with emotion-focused ways.

ᙯᔣෟĈ̍үᑅ˧ăЯᑕҖࠎăᑅ˧გநă ̂ጯဦ३ᐡăᐡࣶ

Keywords: Job Stress; Ways of Coping; Stress Management; College and University Library; Librarian

ᐡࣶ̍үᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎࡁտ

ęͽԧ઼̳ϲ̂ጯၱጯੰဦ३ᐡࠎּ

An Empirical Study on Ways of Coping with Job-related Stress

among National College and University Librarians in Taiwan

ౘ३୥

Ŏ

Chen Su-may Sheih

Ŏ_{઼ϲέ៉̂ጯဦ३ྤੈጯրઘି଱}

ಥ ă ݈ ֏

ࡁտពϯĂ࿅ޘ۞ᑅ˧ົᇆᜩ࣎វ۞Ϡ நă͕ந̈́ҖࠎĂ၆௡ᖐ҃֏Ă࿅ޘ۞ᑅ˧ ϺົࢫҲࣶ̝̍̍үड़தĂࠤٕΞਕЯѩౄ ј௡ᖐ۞ࢦ̂ຫεĄЯѩĂࣶ̍ٚצ࿅ޘ۞ ᑅ˧Ăࡶܜ˳௢᎕̙҃චΐ῁ྋĂ݋૟၆௡ ᖐ̝ᒉྻᄃ൴णயϠ࢑ࢬ̝ᇆᜩĄĞො1ğ ઼࡚࠹ᙯ۞ࡁտҤࢍĂЋຽࠧЯࣶ̍ᑅ˧̝ ࠹ᙯЯ৵ٙጱ࡭̝Ϡய˧ຫεĂՏѐӈ੼྿ 112ᆆ࡚̮ĄĞො2ğಶဦ३ྤੈᅳા҃֏Ă ઼γጯ۰Hodges޽΍Ăܜഇ۞ᑅ˧ົౄјᐡ ࣶ̍үᒻड़Ҳརăགྷ૱৿यă೩݈ੜЃ̈́੼ ᗓᖚதඈĞො3ğĄॲፂCaputo۞ࡁտពϯĂ ဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧̙֭ᅊٺ׎΁ӄˠڇ ચ۞ҖຽĞො4ğĂPayettë́GuayӀϡHolmes ׶Raheٙనࢍ۞Ϡ߿Լតᑅ˧ณܑĞLife Change Stress ScaleğĂአߤဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ۞̍ үᑅ˧Ă׎ࡁտಡӘ޽΍41%۞צణᐡࣶд ̍ү̚ຏצזᑅ˧ĄĞො5ğϤѩΞ֍Ăဦ ३ᐡᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧۞࠹ᙯᛉᗟĂࣃ଀Ӎˠ ̝ࢦෛᄃᙯڦĄ҃ࠎᒢྋԧ઼ဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ۞ ̍үᑅ˧ଐڶĂඊ۰ٺϔ઼91ѐ6͡Ăͽέ ៉гડ54̳ٙϲ̂ጯၱጯੰĞӣԫఙጯੰğ በט̰̝ဦ३ᐡᐡࣶĞ̙Β߁ᐡܜᄃઘᐡܜğ ࠎયסአߤ̝၆෪Ăଂְଣ৶ّ̝ࡁտĄࡁ տඕڍពϯ39%ͽ˯۞צణᐡࣶд˘ีٕ˘ ีͽ˯۞̍үଐဩຏצז੼ޘᑅ˧Ă44%۞ ᐡࣶຏצזဦ३ᐡ̍үᒖဩ̚۞ߙֱଐဩ૲ ග΁ࣇ̚ޘᑅ˧ຏצĂтѩּ̝̙ͧΞᏜ̙ ੼Ăࣃ଀ဦ३ᐡგநลᆸڦຍĄĞො6ğ ְ၁˯Ă̍үᑅ˧дЇң௡ᖐ̚ౌߏх д۞Ăᑅ˧۞አዋᄃგநϺߏࣶ̍υืጯ௫ ࢬ၆۞Ą၆࣎វ҃֏Ăᑅ˧֭ܧБ൒ࠎ࢑ࢬ ۞ड़ᑕĂዋޘ۞ᑅ˧Ξ፬൴࣎វ۞Җࠎજ ፟Ă᎕ໂࢬ၆߄ጼĂߏᆧซ࣎វϠ׻˧υࢋ ۞ו፬ĄࠖѩĂࣶ̍ᑕઇрᑅ˧გந̙҃ᑕ ਫ਼ᔖĂЯࠎࢬ၆ᑅ˧ҹڇӧᙱٕक़Զਕֹˠ јܜĄٽ֏̝Ăࣶ̍˘͞ࢬᑕᔖҺܜഇ̝࿅ ޘᑅ˧ĂΩ˘͞ࢬϺ൑ืࠦᛵᑅ˧Ąॲፂࡁ տĂዋޘᑅ˧Ξᆧซ̍үᒻड़Ă൑ኢߏ࿅੼ ٕ࿅Ҳ۞̍үᑅ˧࠰ົౄјҲ̍үᒻड़Ăଘ ѣдዋޘᑅ˧˭͞Ξֹܳ࣎វயϠ౵ָ̍ү ᒻड़Ă҃тңѣड़г῁ྋᑅ˧֭አ༼дዋޘ ۞ᑅ˧ቑಛĂ݋ᛳٺᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĞways of coping with stressğ̝ᛉᗟĄ࣎វ၆ٺᑅ˧̝ ЯᑕአዋҖࠎĂᇆᜩ׎͕֗ઉ૵̈́̍үܑ னĂЯѩ࣎វืૈዳѣड़۞ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĂ ͽᔖҺ̍үᑅ˧၆௡ᖐ̈́࣎វౄј۞࢑ࢬᇆ ᜩĄ҃ࠎઇрဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ̝ᑅ˧გநĂ῁ྋ ࣎ˠ̝̍үᑅ˧Ă၁ѣυࢋ੫၆ԧ઼ᐡࣶࢬ ၆̍үᑅ˧ॡ۞ЯᑕҖࠎซҖᒢྋᄃଣ੅Ą

෮ ă ᑅ ˧ Я ᑕ ̝ ຍ ཌྷ ᄃ ૄ ώ ໄ

ه

઼̰඾Щ۞͕நጯ۰ૺߋᎸ͹በ̝ૺͩ ͕நጯᙜ׏૟ĶЯᑕඉரķĞcoping strategyğ ؠཌྷࠎĂ࣎វଳפ᎕ໂّᑕ;߱͘ĂͽЯᑕ ᑅ˧ଐဩĂЯ҃଀ͽഴҲ൏ᇋĂྋՙӧဩĂ ׎̰உΒ߁ҖજᄃޥຐĂ̙Тٺሕຍᙊ۞֨ ኎፟טĂ҃ߏѣϫ۞۞ຍᙊҖࠎĄĞො7ğ ઼҃γጯ۰Lazarus׶Launier૟ĶЯᑕķ ؠཌྷࠎ࣎ˠдҖજ˯׶̰͕۞Ӆ˧Ăͽ఍ந

࣎ˠ൑ڱ࢑ఈ۞ᒖဩ׶̰д۞ࢋՐٕ኏ࡎĄ Ğො8ğҌٺLazarus׶Folkman݋ᄮࠎĶЯᑕķ ߏ࣎វ၆ᒖဩ۞ᄮۢෞҤࠎѣᑅ˧۞ٕѣރ ਎ّॡĂԼត׎ᄮۢᄃҖࠎͽࢬ၆߄ጼĂҹ ڇक़ԶĂഴ͌ރ਎ຏĂϺӈЯᑕ˘͞ࢬΞአ ༼ଐჰٕᑅ˧â͞ࢬϺΞგநଠט͔੓ᑅ ˧۞ଐဩĂЯѩĂᑅ˧Яᑕ׍ѣϒࢬ۞ड़ ڍĄĞො9ğ ኳ֏̝Ă༊࣎វۢᛇז׎ᄃᒖဩ۞πᏊ Ξਕצזᑅ˧۞৔ᗼॡĂӈົଳϡЧ჌ଠ טăࢫҲٕटԡᑅ˧۞Җࠎ͞ёĂႽ˧ჯ޺ πᏊېၗĂͽഴᅅΞਕ۞࢑ఈăރ਎๋ٕ चĄЯѩĂٙᏜᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĂᖎಏ۞ᄲĂ ߏ޽࣎វࢬ၆ރ਎ٕᑅ˧ଐဩॡ̝Җࠎ͞ ёĂЯᑕ۞ϫ۞ߏд᜕ܲ࣎វĂͽᔖҺࢉϠ ࢑ࢬ۞Ϡநٕ͕நड़ᑕĄ Lazarus̈́Folkman೩΍Ķᑅ˧ᄮۢЯᑕ நኢķĂ͹ૺᑅ˧ᄃЯᑕ͞ё࠰ࠎᄮۢăෞ Ҥ۞።඀Ăώีநኢૻአѩ˘࿅඀ߏቤ኏࣎ វᄃᒖဩมᑅ˧ᙯܼ۞ࢦࢋಫ̬Ăົ၆࣎វ ய Ϡ ϲ ӈ ᄃ ܜ ഇ ۞ ᇆ ᜩ Ą ҃ L a z a r u s ׶ FolkmanՀซ˘Վ޽΍Ă࣎វ۞ᑅ˧ᄮۢЯ ᑕ።඀Β߁ˬ࣎ล߱Ğො10ğĈ 1. ܐѨෞҤĞprimary appraisalğĈܼ޽࣎វ ੫၆ᒖဩ̚۞ְІΐͽෞҤߏӎ၆׎׍ѣ ރ਎ّĄૄώ˯Ă࣎វ၆ְІ۞ܐѨෞҤ ѣˬ჌ΞਕඕڍĂĞ1ğ ᄃ࣎ˠ൑Ӏचᙯ ܼ۞ְІćĞ2ğΞࠎ࣎វ૲ֽрඕڍ۞ ְІćĞ3ğ၆࣎វౄј๋चăಉεٕߏ ރ਎ᄃ߄ጼ۞ᑅ˧ְІĂЯ҃Ξਕᇆᜩ࣎ វ۞ض჊ຏĄ 2. ГѨෞҤĞsecondary appraisalğĈߏ޽д Яᑕᑅ˧ְІॡĂ࣎វಶΞϡ۞ྤ໚ăֹ ϡ఺ֱྤ໚۞̷ّ࢝ăΞҖЯᑕ͞९ă̈́ ΞਕயϠ۞ޢڍүෞҤĄෞҤඕڍ࣎វࡶ ᄮࠎ၆ѩְІ̏ΞΐͽଠטĂ݋࣎វົᄮ ࠎѩ˘ְІ̙ೇ׍ѣᑅ˧Ą̝ͅĂࡶෞҤ ඕڍᄮࠎ֭൑ዋ༊۞ЯᑕඉரĂ݋࣎វ૟ ົՀຏזރ਎Ąְ၁˯ĂГѨෞҤߏ˘჌ ኑᗔ۞યᗟྋՙ።඀Ăдѩ።඀࣎̚វื ҋԧଣ੅ͽ˭۞ᇴีયᗟĈĞ1ğഅགྷ። ᙷҬଐဩᄃӎĉĞ2ğͽـ۞Яᑕඉரݶ ड़ᄃӎĉĞ3ğТᇹٕᙷҬ۞ඉரΞӎᑕ ϡٺϫ݈̝ଐဩĉĞ4ğਕᑕ;ϫ݈۞ᑅ ˧ᄃӎඈඈĄ࣎វགྷϤГѨෞҤ۞።඀ ޢĂΞਕᏴፄᄓವྤੈăତৼߊјְ၁ă ۡତҖજăԺטҖજඈҖࠎͽЯᑕᑅ˧ଐ ဩĄ 3. ࢦາෞҤĞreappraisalğĈૄώ˯Ăࢦາ ෞҤߏ˘࣎а㒝۞።඀Ă޽࣎វϤٺᒖဩ ٕ͕ந۞ត̼Ă҃Լត၆ࣧАᑅ˧ଐဩ۞ ҿᕝĄጱ࡭࣎វࢦາෞҤᑅ˧ଐဩ۞ࣧЯ ѣ׌჌Ă׎˘ࠎᒖဩᄃ࣎វᙯܼ൴Ϡ၁ኳ ّ۞ត̼Ăٕߏྍଐဩႊតࠎ၆࣎វӀৈ ѣϒШ۞ᇆᜩĄ׎˟݋ߏ࣎វᄮࠎ൑ڱགྷ ϤӅ˧ăҖજ҃Լតன၁ĂЯ҃૟ࣧАෞ Ҥࠎ๋चăಉεٕރ਎۞ଐဩࢦາෞҤࠎ ̙׍ރ਎ّٕѣӀ۞Ăͽഴ͌࢑ࢬଐჰ၆ ࣎វ۞ᇆᜩĂѩ჌ࢦາෞҤ۞а㒝።඀ְ ၁˯ߏ˘჌ҋԧ֨኎ё۞͕ந፟טĄ ҃࣎វЯᑕ̝Җࠎ͞ёЯˠ҃ளĂბෛ ࣎វ۞পኳ̈́׎၆ᑅ˧ଐဩ̝ෞҤٕᄮۢ҃

ؠĂѣΞਕߏϒࢬ۞ă᎕ໂ۞ăѣຍᙊ۞Ă ϺѣΞਕࠎ࢑ࢬ۞ăঐໂ۞ٕሕຍᙊ۞Ą Schulerӈ޽΍ࣶ̍۞࣎Ҿमளົᇆᜩ࣎ˠ၆ ᑅ˧मள۞ຏצّĂ̈́఍நᑅ˧۞Яᑕඉ ரĄĞො11ğტ៍ࡁտᑅ˧۞͛ᚥĂ࣎ˠˠ ॾЯ৵̚ྵ૱ࠎጯ۰ଣ੅۞ߏA/BݭˠॾҖ ࠎĞtype A/B personality behaviorğĄॲፂጯ ۰۞ࡁտĂ׍AݭĞambition, aggressivenessğ ˠॾপኳ۰Ăߏ੼јಶפШ۰Ăр౼ăಱซ פ͕̈́ѣٻ஽۞Ћဦ͕Ă̍ү૱నؠࢍ൪֭ ࢋՐтഇԆјĂЯѩ૱ѣॡมᑅ࢝ຏĂ׎׏ ݭ۞γពҖࠎ˜ߏާّ̄ă̙࡝ඈޞăજү ԣăᓾྖԣඈĄ҃ѩ჌ҋԧ၁னᅮՐૻধĂ ಈᝌ׶Ҿˠᚮۋ̈́ૻধ۞Ћဦ͕Ă׽൒Ξ૲ જ௡ᖐ̰۞Җ߆ࢭາĂݒϺΞਕЯ҃૲ֽ˘ ֱ̙υࢋ۞ӧᕘĄ࠹၆۞Ă׍BݭĞbeingğ ˠॾপኳ۰ĂҖְึ׎ҋ൒Ăତৼҋ̎Ԇј ۞јڍĂӈֹдᅅᗫ̚Ϻ̙ᛇѣཋೋຏĂ׎ ҖࠎপᇈᄃAݭ۰࠹ͅĄధкѣᙯA/Bݭˠ ॾপኳᄃ̍үᑅ˧̝ࡁտពϯĂAݭˠॾপ ኳ้Шດૻধ۰Ă׎ٙຏצז۞̍үᑅ˧Ϻ ດ̂Ă֭၆̍үᒻड़ѣ̙Ӏ۞ᇆᜩͷౄј֗ ͕۞๋चć̝ͅĂˠॾপኳດତܕBݭ۰Ă ׎ٙຏצז̝̍үᑅ˧ӈດ̈ĄĞො12ğ Ϥٺ࣎វЯᑕҖࠎ၆ٺ׎ࢬ၆ᑅ˧̝఍ நѣࢦࢋ۞ᇆᜩĂт࣎វ̝ᑅ˧Яᑕ͞ё̙ ଀༊Ă݋ΞਕдЯᑕޢ͔҃ͅ൴Հк۞ӧ ᕘĂጱ࡭࣎ˠ়͕֗ঽĂٕயϠઐमҖࠎĂ Я҃˫Гᔒᖼԛјາ۞ᑅ˧໚ćٙͽ̙༊۞ ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĂ̙ҭ̙ਕ῁ྋ࣎វ̝ᑅ˧Ă ҃ͅՀົ௢᎕ᑅ˧ĂЯѩĂᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ ଣ੅ߏᑅ˧გந۞ࢦࢋᛉᗟ̝˘Ą

ણ ă ᑅ ˧ Я ᑕ Җ ࠎ ۞ ᙷ ݭ

Ϥٺ̙Т۞࣎វ၆࠹Т۞̍үᑅ˧ଐဩ ົѣ̙Т۞Яᑕ၆ඉĂтң၆఺ֱЯᑕඉர ̶ᙷĂጯ۰Чѣ̙Т࠻ڱĂͽ˭̶̝ࢗĄ Swent׶Gmelchٙүአߤࡁտᄮࠎ࣎វ఍ ந̍үღૺ׶ᑅ࢝ຏ҃ଳפ۞ҖજĂ̂វΞ ᕩৼࠎˬ჌ᙷҾĈ1.֗វ۞߿જć2.ᄮۢ׶ ͕ந۞߿જć3.ˠᅫᙯܼԫμᄃგநۢਕĄ Ğො13ğ 1. ֗វ۞߿જĈѣˬ჌ᙷݭĂтវ˧͞ࢬ۞ ߿જĂΒ߁˘ਠྻજăᚮᔈྻજăۊ̋ă ๩ᘹඈćᄃ̍үᒖဩ࿣ᗓ۞߿જĂΒ߁፾ ఍ăЃยॠྼඈćࠎٸᗫ֗វ҃నࢍ۞វ ˧߿જĂΒ߁༉ᶞă޷ᇝඈĄ 2. ᄮۢ׶͕ந۞߿જĈ޽ૈዳ᎕ໂ۞ˠϠ៍ ׶ϒШ۞̍үၗޘĂΒ߁ͽሄ៍۞ၗޘࢬ ၆યᗟăܲ޺நംҽᐖă׶Ꮠڈр̓ВТ ࡁથྋՙયᗟăనؠዋ༊̍үϫᇾăᒢྋ ҋ̎ăࣚຐăࡆᘤඈĄ 3. ˠᅫᙯܼԫμᄃგநۢਕĈ޽ѣӄٺഴᅅ ࣎វ̍үᑅ˧Ăᆧซ࣎ˠ̍үड़ਕ̈́ˠᅫ ໛఼ԫμĂΒ߁ᄃТְЪүྋՙયᗟă኏ ࡎგநăШ˯გநăॡมგநăˠ˧ྤ໚ გநă଱ᝋొᛳăဥฤგநඈĄ ҌٺLazarus̈́Folkman݋૟ᑅ˧۞Яᑕ Җࠎ̶ࠎ׌̂ᙷĞො14ğĂௐ˘ᙷЯᑕҖࠎ ߏ޽གྷϤγព۞ҖજٕߏགྷϤ͕ം߿જĂۡ ତ੫၆ᑅ˧ֽ໚఍நĂߏࠎĶયᗟפШ۞Я ᑕඉரķĞproblem-focused copingğć࣎វ

૟Җࠎࢦᕇٸдયᗟώ֗Ă੫၆ᑅ˧ଐဩۡ ତଳפҖજĂͽྋՙયᗟٕഴҲᑅ˧Ă׎ඉ ரΒӣವՐྤੈٕޙᛉăጯ௫າ۞ԫμٕ૞ ຽۢਕăםથĂٕߏ࣎វԼតᄮۢඈĄ˘ਠ ҃֏Ă̙Т̍үă̙Т֎Ғ۞࣎វĂЯ׎Ξ ྻϡ۞ྤ໚̙ТĂЯѩٙଳϡ۞ᑅ˧Яᑕඉ ரࢦᕇϺົѣ̙ٙТĂ҃Яᑕ̝ྤ໚ੵ˞ۏ ኳྤ໚γĂإΒ߁࣎វҋ֗۞ઉ૵̈́វ˧ă ϒШ۞ܫهăયᗟྋՙਕ˧ăˠᅫᙯܼ̈́ۤ ົ͚೯შඛඈĄௐ˟ᙷЯᑕҖࠎܼϤ࣎វԼ តҋ̎၆ᑅ˧ଐဩ۞ຏᛇ׶ຐڱĂჍ̝ࠎ ĶଐჰפШ۞ЯᑕඉரķĞemotion-focused copingğĄ׎ϫ۞ߏдഴቤᑅ˧၆࣎វٙౄј ۞ଐჰ኏ᑝĂҭ၁ኳ˯Ăރ਎ّ๋ٕचّ۞ ᑅ˧ଐဩ̪޺ᜈхд඾ĂϺӈ࣎វྏဦԼត ҋ̎၆ᑅ˧ଐဩ۞ຏᛇĂЯ҃ଳפтĈ૟ְ ଐـр͞ࢬຐăຐ˘ֱԣሄ۞ְଐăटԡă ҋᇷҋୢăତצߊѣְ၁ăᖣ׎΁߿જ൴ࠈ Ğтᄋᐝ̂ჂăЫڌҘă٩໬ඈğඈЯᑕ͞ ёĄ҃ొЊଐჰפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎϏυ௑Ъன ၁ٙᅮĂࠤٕѣҋഡഡˠ۞ҋԧ֨኎үϡٕ ߏ࿅ޘሄ៍۞ܫهд̰ĂЯ҃Ξਕֹ࣎វ۞ ᑅ˧ଐဩ͟ԛᚑࢦĄ ˘ਠ҃֏ĂયᗟפШ۞Яᑕඉரᔵߏྵ ࠎ᎕ໂϒШ۞ᑅ˧఍ந͞ёĂҭߏĂ֭ܧٙ ѣᑅ˧ଐဩ࠰ΞͽયᗟפШ۞Яᑕඉரྋ ՙĄଐჰפШ۞ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĂΞֹ࣎វᇶ ॡනቤЯᑅ˧͔੓۞࢑ࢬ͕நຏצĂЯѩĂ ࣎វ఍நᑅ˧ଐဩᔵЧѣ׎Яᑕ͞ёĂҭ఼ ૱ߏТॡტЪયᗟפШ̈́ଐჰפШ˟჌ඉர ۞ᑕϡćٽ֏̝Ă࣎វѣॡᅮዋ༊۞ކࠈଐ ჰᑅ˧Ă҃ޢ͞ਕ᎕ໂăநّг఍நયᗟĄ

དྷ ă ࡁ տ న ࢍ ᄃ ၁ ߉

ඊ۰ࠎᒢྋԧ઼ဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧ ଐڶ̈́׎ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĂ˜ͽέ៉гડ̳ϲ ̂ጯၱጯੰဦ३ᐡࣶࠎ၆෪ଂְଣ৶ّ̝ࡁ տĄૄώ˯Ăώࡁտܼͽ͛ᚥ̶ژڱăአߤ ࡁտڱࠎ͹Ă҃አߤࡁտڱ˫ͽஎޘణኘ̈́ યסአߤ˟͞ёซҖĄඊ۰ࢵАણ҂઼̰γ ̍үᑅ˧۞࠹ᙯ͛ᚥĂͽᒢྋ̍үᑅ˧̈́Я ᑕҖࠎ۞࠹ᙯநኢᄃ၁ᙋࡁտĂүࠎࡁտߛ ၹ۞ૄᖂĄ Ϥٺᑅ˧ߏ࣎ˠ͹៍̝ຏצĂд࠹Тଐ ဩ˭ĂΞਕЯࠎ࣎វ̝࣎Ҿमள҃၆ٺ̍ү ᑅ˧۞ຏצ̈́ЯᑕҖࠎົѣ̙ٙТĂЯѩĂ ඊ۰Ϻᄓะצణᐡࣶ࣎ˠࡦഀྤफ़̈́׎ˠॾ পኳ้ШĂͽଣ੅ᐡࣶ۞ˠ˾តีᄃˠॾপ ኳߏӎົᇆᜩᐡࣶ̝ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĄਬ૟ώ ࡁտ̍׍̈́ࡁտඕڍྎࢗт˭Ą

˘ăࡁտ̍׍

ώࡁտ̝યסВѣαొЊĂௐ˘ొЊࠎ צణᐡࣶૄώྤफ़Ăᄓะᐡࣶ̝࣎ˠૄώྤ फ़ĂΒ߁ّҾăѐ᛬ă૓ބېڶăጯ።ăဦ ३ᐡ૞ຽିֈࡦഀăဦ३ᐡ̍үѐྤăϫ݈ ᖚચѐྤăߏӎፉЇ͹გă̍үّኳඈ˝ี ᐡࣶ࣎ˠૄώᛳّតีĄௐ˟ొЊࠎᐡࣶ̍ үᑅ˧አߤĂௐˬొЊࠎᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎአ ߤĂௐαొЊࠎᐡࣶˠॾপኳአߤĄ ώࡁտણ҂ጯ۰Cooperඈ൴ण̝Ķ̍ү ᑅ˧޽ᇴķĞOccupational Stress Indicator, OSIğΐͽ࣒ࢎĞො15ğĂ҃јࠎώࡁտ̚ϡ

ͽ ณ ീ צ ణ ᐡ ࣶ ̍ ү ᑅ ˧ ̝ አ ߤ ય ס Ą Cooperඈጯ۰̝Ķ̍үᑅ˧޽ᇴķĂܼૄٺ Ķᑅ˧˜࣎វᄃ̍үᒖဩ̚ሕдᑅ˧໚̢જ ۞።඀ķ̝៍ᕇ҃൴णĂ͹ࢋ҂ณЯ৵ࠎࣶ ̍ᄃ̍үᒖဩ۞̢જă̍үᒖဩ̚ሕд۞ᑅ ˧໚׶̍ү۰۞পኳ̈́௫ၚّඈćOSI۞ந ኢሀё௚ፋͽـ̍үᑅ˧۞ࡁտјڍĂЯѩ ዋٺүࠎЧ჌ᖚຽ̍үᑅ˧ଐဩෞҤ̝நኢ ૄᖂĂ׍ѣ։р۞ޙၹड़ޘĄĞො16ğώࡁ տ૟ᐡࣶ၆̍үᑅ˧̝ຏצВ̶ࠎ੼ޘᑅ ˧ă̚ޘᑅ˧ă͌ధᑅ˧ă՟ѣᑅ˧ඈα ჌Ă̶Ҿග̟4ă3ă2ă1̝ෞ̶Ă҃૟યס ٙѣયᗟ̝ෞ̶௢ࢍĂӈࠎྍᐡࣶ̝ፋវ̍ үᑅ˧޽ᇴĄώѨአߤаќ̝યסĂགྷ̶ژ ׎ܫޘܼᇴĞCronbach ɗğࠎ0.91Ăពϯય ס׍ѣ࠹༊։р̝ܫޘĄ Ҍٺѣᙯᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ̝ณീĂඊ ۰ܼॲፂLazarus۞நኢߛၹĂ૟ώࡁտ̝Я ᑕҖࠎณ̶ܑࠎયᗟפШᄃଐჰפШ׌̶࣎ ณܑĂ֭ͽᇃࠎ઼̰ጯ۰ଳϡ̝Lazarus̈́ FolkmanĶЯᑕҖࠎณܑķĞScale of Ways of Coping (Revised)ğࠎᖡώĞො17ğĂТॡણ ҂઼̰̝ࡁտјڍΐͽԼበĂ֭གྷϤ10Ҝဦ ३ᐡᐡࣶ࿰ྏޢĂັ੩׎ຍ֍࣒ࢎ҃јĂ׍ ѣ։р̝ޙၹड़ޘćѩγĂώѨአߤаќય סགྷ̶ژ׎ܫޘܼᇴĞCronbach ɗğϺ྿ 0.93ĂΞ֍ώયס̝ܫޘϺ࠹༊։рĄώય סВѣ31ᗟĂՏᗟୃࢗ఍நᑅ˧ଐဩ۞Ξਕ ͞ёĂ׎̚ĶયᗟפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎķ̶ณܑ ѣ8ᗟĂĶଐჰפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎķ̶ณܑѣ 23ᗟĂયᗟפШăଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎᗟ̶ཱི ੨ܑྎЕٺܑ1ĄЧᗟࢍ̶͞ёଳLinkerṭ ඈ৺ณ͎Ă׎ෞ̶ֶܼצణ۰̝๱ඍඕڍĈ Ķᓁߏ఺ᆃઇķăĶ૱૱఺ᆃઇķăĶѣॡ఺ ᆃઇķăĶޝ͌఺ᆃઇķăĶଂ̙఺ᆃઇķඈ ̣჌Ă̶Ҿග̟5̶ă4̶ă3̶ă2̶ă1 ̶Ă΃ܑצణ۰дѩ˘Яᑕ͞ё˯۞ྻϡ඀ ޘĂצణ۰۞ග̶ດ੼Ă΃ܑ׎ֹϡྍЯᑕ ͞ёѨᇴດ̂Ą҃צణ۰дયᗟפШăଐჰ פШЯᑕҖࠎ۞଀̶Ăд̶ژॡܼ૟Чᙷ̝ ᗟϫ଀̶ᓁࢍޢੵͽᗟᇴĂ଀׎πࣃᇴĂѩ ᇴࣃດ̂݋΃ܑଳפྍפШ̝Яᑕ͞ё۞้ ШດૻধĄ ΩγĂώࡁտϡͽณീᐡࣶˠॾপኳ̝ યסĂ͹ࢋܼણ҂ӕ౼༈౾̀ٺϔ઼˛˩ˬ ѐٙበࢎ̝ณܑĞො18ğĂགྷᎡᏴયᗟޢ࣒ ࢎ҃јćаќ̝ᐡࣶˠॾপኳયסĂགྷ̶ژ ׎ܫޘܼᇴĞCronbach ɗğ྿0.85Ăયס׍ ѣ࠹༊։р̝ܫޘĄᐡࣶˠॾপኳયסΒӣ ˩࣎ᗟϫĂྙયᐡࣶЧᗟٙࢗҖࠎ൴Ϡ̝ᐛ தĂଂĶᓁߏ఺ᇹķăĶགྷ૱఺ᇹķăĶѣॡ ఺ᇹķăĶޝ͌఺ᇹķҌĶଂ̙఺ᇹķ̶Ҿ ග̟5̶ă4̶ă3̶ă2̶ă1̶ćᓁ଀̶ດ ੼۰Ă΃ܑˠॾপኳດ้ШAݭĂ଀̶ດҲ ۰΃ܑˠॾপኳດ้ШBݭĄώࡁտᄮࠎˠ ॾপኳ֭ܧΪѣAݭٕ Bݭ׌࣎ໂბĂˠॾ পኳ้Ш̝ૻޘߏాᜈ۞Ăώࡁտ૟ٙѣצ ణᐡࣶˠॾপኳયס̝଀̶ଵԔĂ֭πӮ̶ јˬ߱Ă଀̶੼ٺ31̶Ğӣğ۰ࠎAݭˠॾ পኳ้Ш̝ᐡࣶĂ଀̶Ҳٺ25̶Ğӣğ۰ࠎ Bݭˠॾপኳ้Ш̝ᐡࣶĂ׎ዶ଀̶۰̬ٺ ˟۰ม̝ᐡࣶĂჍࠎ̚มݭˠॾপኳ۰Ą

ඉரפШ ᗟཱི̰̈́ट યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ 1. ࢬ၆યᗟĂϲӈ఍ந 2. ·၁૞ຽۢᙊĂᆧૻҋԧਕ˧ 5. ᄃ΁ˠ੅ኢĂͽᒔ଀Հкྋՙયᗟ۞͞ڱĞт͹გăछˠăТְඈğ 13. Րӄٺ૞ຽˠࣶĞ૞छٕᅃጱˠࣶğ 14. ٚᄮҋ̎۞᏾ᄱ֭Ӆ˧ྃା 15. ᑢؠࢍ൪֭ቁ၁ેҖ 24. ॲፂͽـ۞གྷរ఍நયᗟ 31. િ޺ҋ̎ϲಞĂໂ˧ۋפ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ 3. ึ׎ҋ൒ĞඈޞĂ௺ז፜ᐝҋ൒ۡğ 4. ଂְҋ̎ѣᎸ኷۞׎΁߿જĞтྻજăైූă࠻࿪ᇆඈğ 6. ҋయ 7. ᑅԺҋ̎ৌ၁ຏצ׶ຐڱ 8. ૟ְଐـр͞ࢬຐ 9. ᄋᐝ̂Ⴢ 10. ၆͔੓ᑅ˧۞ˠۡତܑ྿̰͕۞ᇙޤٕዏޤ΁ˠ 11. д൑ˠ఍൴ࠈଐჰĞтࣵڥăӠΨඈğ 12. ຐ˘ֱԣሄ۞ְଐ 16. ᇶॡᔖฟӧᕘҋ̎۞ଐဩ 17. ̂ณ฼ࢴކࠈଐჰ 18. ฼੧ކࠈଐჰ 19. ٩໬ቤ׶ଐჰ 20. Ӏϡᘽۏֹଐჰᒔ଀නቤ 21. ᔖҺ΁ˠۢଉҋ̎۞ӧဩ 22. ᄮࠎְଐ՟ѣຐည̚ᒷᎣ 23. Աˠ෦ࡴ 25. ੜᒺĂ̙ણΐЇң߿જ 26. ତצߊѣְ၁ 27. ᘦؠҋ֗ଐჰĂᔖҺᇆᜩ׎΁ְଐ 28. ઇϨ͟ေ͑ຐְଐ̏གྷрᖼ 29. Րӄٺ؟ିܫЈ 30. ၆ְଐઇ౵ᗼ۞χზ

ܑ1 યᗟפШăଐჰפШᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎณܑᗟ̶ཱི੨

ώࡁտֶፂϔ઼91ѐିֈొĶጯ७఼ੈ ᐂ̈́Чᙷ௚ࢍķĞhttp://140.111.1.22/school/ index_a1.htmĂᑭ৶͟ഇċ2002ѐ2͡18͟ğ ̳̚ο̝54̳ٙϲ̂ጯၱጯੰĞӣԫఙጯ ੰğĂͽ׎በט̰̝ဦ३ᐡᐡࣶĞ̙Β߁ᐡ ܜᄃઘᐡܜğࠎࡁտ၆෪Ăٺϔ઼91ѐ6͡ ˭џ૙൴734ЊયסĂ7͡21͟аќ519Њય סĂયסаќதࠎ70.7%Ă҃љੵ๱ඍ̙Ԇ Бٕૄώྤफ़Ϗ๱۰ĂВ଀ѣड़યס494 ЊĄᐌޢซҖаќયס̝በቅᄃӀϡSPSSइ ྅హវેҖ࠹ᙯ௚ࢍ̶ژĂᚶ̝ᅃͽ࿪ྖణ ኘăࢬ၆ࢬ୏ኘĂͽஎˢଣտᐡࣶ̰͕۞ຐ ڱĂ౵ޢᕩৼયסአߤඕڍ̶ژт˭Ą

˟ăࡁտඕڍᄃ̶ژ

Ğ˘ğᐡࣶ࣎ˠૄώྤफ̶़ژ ώࡁտॲፂаќ̝ѣड़યסĂซҖᇹώ ˠ˾௚ࢍតี̶ژĄдّҾ͞ࢬĂצణᐡࣶ ̂ ొ ̶ ࠎ ̃ ّ Ă ࢍ ѣ 4 3 4 Ҝ Ğ ҫ ᇹ ώ ᇴ 87.7%ğĂշّᐡࣶ60ҜĞ12.3%ğć׎̚д 25໐Ҍ45໐ม۞ᐡࣶҫ74ƫć҃д૓ބېڶ ͞ࢬĂ̏૓۰ࡗҫˬ̶̝˟ćдᐡࣶጯ።͞ ࢬĂ౵кࠎ̂ጯலຽҫ60.6%ĂѨк۞ࠎࡁ տٙჇ̀঱லຽҫ22.4%ć69%̝צణᐡࣶ ܼဦ३ྤੈ࠹ᙯࡊրலຽćдဦ३ᐡ̍үѐ ྤ͞ࢬẶѐͽ˭۰ҫ20.5%Ă͒ѐͽ˯۰ ࠎ 1 6 . 8 % ć ፉ Ї ͹ გ ᖚ ચ ̝ צ ణ ᐡ ࣶ ҫ 23.2%ĄΩγĂдώѨአߤ̚Ăצణᐡࣶଂ ְԫఙڇચ̍ү۰ࢍѣ143ҜĞ28.9%ğĂ᝝ ۰ڇચᐡࣶѣ188ҜĞ38.3%ğĂҖ߆ڇચᐡ ࣶВࢍ31ҜĞ6.3%ğĂ஄ЪڇચᐡࣶĞ̍ү ̰ ट Т ॡ உ ᄏ Ч ჌ ڇ ચ ğ ݋ ѣ 1 3 2 Ҝ Ğ26.5%ğĄᐡࣶ࣎ˠૄώྤफ̶़ژྎтܑ2Ą ีϫЩჍ ᙷҾ ˠᇴ Ѻ̶ͧ ௢᎕Ѻ̶ͧ շ 60 12.3 12.3 ̃ 434 87.7 100.0 20~24໐ 11 2.2 2.2 25~29໐ 54 10.9 13.1 30~34໐ 109 22.0 35.2 35~39໐ 112 22.6 57.8 40~44໐ 91 18.4 76.2 45~49໐ 82 16.6 92.7 50~54໐ 30 6.1 98.8 55໐ͽ˯ 6 1.2 100.0 ̏૓ 332 67.2 67.2 Ϗ૓ 156 31.6 98.8 ׎΁ 6 1.2 100.0

ܑ2 צణᐡࣶ࣎ˠૄώྤफ̶़ژܑ

ّҾ ѐ᛬ ૓ބېڶ

Ğ˟ğᐡࣶ̍үᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎܼტЪયᗟפ ШᄃଐჰפШඉர дώѨአߤયס̚ĂВ೩΍31჌̍үᑅ ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĂܑ3ࠎצణᐡࣶдયᗟפШЯ ᑕҖࠎᄃଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ۞࠹ᙯ۞௚ࢍᇴ ࣃĄϤܑ3៍̝ĂયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ׎πӮ ଀̶ࠎ3.3076Ă̬ٺĶѣॡֹϡķᄃĶ૱૱ ֹϡķ̝มĂଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ׎πӮ଀̶ ࠎ2.5393Ă̬ٺĶޝֹ͌ϡķᄃĶѣॡֹϡķ ̝มĂΞ֍צణᐡࣶдࢬ၆̍үᑅ˧ॡĂ׎ ЯᑕҖࠎܼტЪֹϡયᗟפШඉரᄃଐჰפ ШඉரĂҭયᗟפШඉர̝ЯᑕҖࠎ݋ྵ кĄ

Ollendorffд1989ѐͽKent State Univers ity۞̂ጯဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ̚ˣҜշّᄃ˩Ҝّ̃ ᐡࣶࠎࡁտ၆෪ĂӀϡҋበ۞યסଣ੅ྍᐡ ᐡࣶ၆̍үᑅ˧გந۞࠻ڱĄOllendorff൴ன 72%۞ᐡࣶ۞ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎܼ࢑ࢬͷѣच࣎ ีϫЩჍ ᙷҾ ˠᇴ Ѻ̶ͧ ௢᎕Ѻ̶ͧ ੼̚ 15 3.0 3.0 ૞ࡊ 64 12.9 16.0 ̂ጯ 300 60.6 76.6 Ⴧ̀ 111 22.4 99.0 ౾̀ 3 0.6 99.6 ׎΁ 2 0.4 100.0 ߏӎဦ३ྤੈ ߏ 341 69.0 68.9 ࠹ᙯࡊրலຽ ӎ 153 31.0 99.8 ߏ 115 23.2 23.2 ӎ 380 76.8 100.0 Ϗ႕5ѐ 101 20.5 20.5 5ѐͽ˯Ϗ႕10ѐ 118 24.1 44.6 10ѐͽ˯Ϗ႕15ѐ 124 25.2 69.8 15ѐͽ˯Ϗ႕20ѐ 67 13.4 83.2 20ѐͽ˯ 84 16.8 100.0 2ѐͽ˭ 153 30.9 30.9 2ѐů4ѐͽ˭ 136 27.5 58.4 4ѐů6ѐͽ˭ 83 16.8 75.2 6ѐͽ˯ 123 24.8 100.0 ԫఙڇચ 143 28.9 28.9 ᝝۰ڇચ 188 38.3 67.2 Җ߆ڇચ 31 6.3 73.5 ஄Ъڇચ 132 26.5 100.0 ጯ። ߏӎፉЇ͹გᖚચ ဦ३ᐡڇચѐྤ னЇᖚચ̝̍үѐྤ ̍үొܝ

ˠ͕֗ઉ૵۞Ğтݕ޽ϥăలࢴă٩໬ăಅ ੧ă၆ˠᄲྖыᅕגᓠăڦຍ˧̙ะ̚ăट ٽ͝͝ࢍྵᄃˠۋӝăࠎְ̈ϠঈඈğĂ֭ ޽΍̂ొ̶۞ᐡࣶࢬ၆ᑅ˧кΗ่޺ঐໂă ̙׍ޙనّ۞͕ၗĂ҃Ϗѣ၁ᅫҖજΝ఍ந ҋ֗ӧဩĞො19ğĂព൒дOllendorffࡁտ̚ ̝צణᐡࣶઐШٺଐჰפШඉர۞ᑅ˧Яᑕ ҖࠎĄOllendorff۞ࡁտඕڍΎពᐡࣶ࣎ˠጯ ௫ᑅ˧გந۞υࢋّĂ֭ײ៰ဦ३ᐡࠧᑕ᎕ ໂࢦෛဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ̍үᑅ˧хд۞યᗟĂ೩ ֻᑅ˧გந۞࠹ᙯ੊ቚኝ඀Ą ܑ4ࠎώѨયסአߤצణᐡࣶЧ჌ᑅ˧ Яᑕ͞ёֹϡ̝ѨᇴѺ̶ͧĂ׎̚צణᐡࣶ ౵૱֍۞˩჌̍үᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎֶԔࠎĈ Ğ1ğ ࢬ၆યᗟĂϲӈ఍நĄ Ğ2ğ ᘦؠҋ֗ଐჰĂᔖҺᇆᜩ׎΁ְଐĄ Ğ3ğ ତצߊѣ۞ְ၁Ą Ğ4ğ ॲፂͽـ۞གྷរ఍நયᗟĄ Ğ5ğ ᄃ׎΁ˠ੅ኢĂͽᒔ଀Հкྋՙયᗟ ۞͞ڱ(т͹გăछˠăТְඈ)Ą Ğ6ğ ·၁૞ຽۢᙊĂᆧૻҋԧਕ˧Ą Ğ7ğ ٚᄮҋ̎۞᏾ᄱ֭Ӆ˧ྃାĄ Ğ8ğ ԯְଐـр۞͞ࢬຐĄ Ğ9ğ ᑢࢎࢍ൪֭ቁ၁ેҖĄ Ğ10ğଂְҋ̎ѣᎸ኷۞׎΁߿જĞтྻજ ăైූă࠻࿪ᇆඈğĄ ҃дયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ͞ࢬĂצణᐡ ࣶ౵૱ֹϡ̝͞ёࠎĶࢬ၆યᗟĂϲӈ఍நķ ̈́ĶॲፂͽـགྷរྋՙયᗟķĂֹϡ౵͌۰ ࠎĶವՐ૞ຽˠࣶĞ૞छٕᅃጱˠࣶğ۞ם ӄķĄдଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ͞ࢬĂ౵૱జֹ ϡ̝͞ёࠎĶᘦؠҋ֗ଐჰĂᔖҺᇆᜩ׎΁ ְଐķ̈́Ķତצߊѣ۞ְ၁ķĂ౵ֹ͌ϡ۰ ࠎĶᖣϤ٩໬ă฼੧ăᘽۏކࠈଐჰķĄ Ğˬğᐡࣶ࣎ˠЯ৵ᇆᜩ׎ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ ᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧ᄮۢЯ׎࣎ˠࡦഀЯ৵ ̝̙Т҃ѣځពमளĞො20ğĈᐡࣶٙଂְ ۞̍үొܝົᇆᜩ׎̍үᑅ˧ۢᛇĂԫఙڇ ચᐡࣶдࡊԫតዏ̈́̍ү࢑ఈѩ˟͞ࢬ۞ᑅ ˧ຏצځព੼ٺ᝝۰ڇચᐡࣶĂ᝝۰ڇચᐡ ࣶ݋д᝝۰ᙯܼొЊѣྵ̝̂ᑅ˧ຏצć̃ ّᐡࣶᑅ˧੼ٺշّᐡࣶćѐ᛬ᅅăѐྤ୺ ۞ᐡࣶ၆Ϡ୾൴ण۞ᑅ˧ຏצྵ̂ć҃̏૓ ᐡࣶटٽѣछलЯ৵͞ࢬ۞ᑅ˧ć̂ጯጯ። ۞ᐡࣶдкี̍үଐဩߏᑅ˧౵̂۞˘࣎୉ ཏć׍ဦ३ྤੈ૞ຽିֈࡦഀ۞ᐡࣶ̍үᑅ ˧ځព̂ٺ׎΁ᐡࣶćፉЇ͹გᖚચ۞ᐡࣶ ̍үᑅ˧Ϻྵ̂Ą Ҍٺᐡࣶ̝̍үᑅ˧۞ЯᑕҖࠎߏӎϺ צ׎࣎ˠࡦഀЯ৵ᇆᜩĉͽ˭ಶᐡࣶ̝ڇચ ొܝăّҾăѐ᛬ă૓ބېڶăጯ።ăဦ३ ྤੈ૞ຽିֈࡦഀăဦ३ᐡ̍үѐྤăனЇ ඉரפШ ౵̈ࣃ ౵̂ࣃ πӮࣃ ᇾ໤म યᗟפШ̝ЯᑕҖࠎ 1.75 5.00 3.3076 .48015 ଐჰפШ̝ЯᑕҖࠎ 1.39 5.00 2.5393 .33389

ܑ3 ᐡࣶયᗟפШᄃଐჰפШᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ̝௚ࢍ

ଵ ЯᑕҖࠎ ҫצణᐡࣶѺ̶ͧ ௢ࢍѺ̶ͧ Ԕ ѣॡ఺ᆃઇ ૱૱఺ᆃઇ ᓁߏ఺ᆃઇ 1 ࢬ၆યᗟĂϲӈ఍ந 21.2 50.1 27.1 98.4 2 ᘦؠଐჰĂᔖҺᇆᜩ׎΁ְଐ 32.7 50.3 13.9 96.9 3 ତצߊѣְ၁ 38.0 45.9 12.3 96.2 4 ॲፂͽـ۞གྷរ఍நયᗟ 42.0 44.6 8.3 94.9 5 ᄃ΁ˠ੅ኢĂᒔ଀Հкྋՙ͞ڱ 31.5 47.7 14.9 94.1 6 ·၁૞ຽۢᙊĂᆧૻҋԧਕ˧ 42.2 37.4 12.5 92.1 7 ٚᄮҋ̎۞᏾ᄱ֭Ӆ˧ྃା 51.9 32.9 6.5 91.3 8 ԯְଐـр͞ࢬຐ 40.3 36.0 11.3 87.7 9 ᑢؠࢍ൪֭ቁ၁ેҖ 43.8 34.1 8.3 86.3 10 ଂְҋ̎ѣᎸ኷۞׎΁߿જ 34.1 35.2 14.5 83.8 11 ᇶॡᔖฟӧᕘҋ̎۞ଐဩ 50.9 26.7 5.9 83.4 12 ຐ˘ֱԣሄ۞ְଐ 45.5 28.9 8.3 82.6 13 ᄮࠎְଐ՟ѣຐည̚ᒷᎣ 49.1 24.0 6.1 79.2 14 Աˠ෦ࡴ 45.5 22.6 5.9 73.9 15 િ޺ҋ̎ϲಞĂໂ˧ۋפ 54.1 16.4 3.4 73.9 16 ึ׎ҋ൒Ğඈޞğ 55.6 12.9 4.6 73.1 17 ၆ְଐઇ౵ᗼ۞χზ 48.3 17.6 4.2 71.1 18 ᑅԺҋ̎ৌ၁ຏצ׶ຐڱ 49.3 12.5 3.8 65.7 19 ҋయ 47.1 14.7 3.0 64.8 20 ᔖҺ΁ˠۢଉҋ̎۞ӧဩ 36.6 5.9 2.0 44.5 21 Րӄٺ؟ିܫЈ 20.6 11.5 3.6 35.8 22 ᄋᐝ̂Ⴢ 19.4 9.1 3.2 31.7 ၆͔੓ᑅ˧۞ˠۡତܑ྿̰͕ ۞ᇙޤٕዏޤ΁ˠ 24 д൑ˠ఍൴ࠈଐჰ 20.0 4.8 1.4 26.3 25 Րӄٺ૞ຽˠࣶ 15.6 7.7 3.0 26.3 26 ੜᒺĂ̙ણΐЇң߿જ 23.2 1.8 1.2 26.3 27 ઇϨ͟ေ͑ຐְଐ̏གྷрᖼ 18.4 3.4 0.8 22.6 28 ̂ณ฼ࢴކࠈଐჰ 15.2 3.6 0.8 19.6 29 ฼੧ކࠈଐჰ 2.2 0.4 0.4 3.0 30 ٩໬ቤ׶ଐჰ 2.2 0.8 0.6 3.6 31 Ӏϡᘽۏֹଐჰᒔ଀නቤ 1.8 0.6 0.2 2.6

ܑ4 ᐡࣶЧ჌ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ̝௚ࢍ

23 22.2 3.4 1.2 26.9

યᗟפШ̝ЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШ̝ЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ ԫఙڇચ 3.2946 3 2.5616 1 ᝝۰ڇચ 3.2381 4 2.5180 3 Җ߆ڇચ 3.3427 2 2.4979 4 ஄Ъڇચ 3.4129 1 2.5553 2 ஄Ъڇચొܝ̝ᐡࣶ Ч௡ม̝मள ᄃ᝝۰ڇચᐡࣶม̝मள Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ ̏྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤

ܑ5 ڇચొܝ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

ڇચొܝ ᖚચ̝ѐྤăߏӎፉЇ͹გᖚચăˠॾপኳ ඈ˩͞ࢬ̶ҾᚺЕώѨአߤ̝ඕڍĄ 2/ڇચొܝ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ Ϥܑ5̚Ξ࠻΍ಶયᗟפШᑅ˧ЯᑕҖ ࠎ҃֏Ă஄Ъڇચొܝ۞ᐡࣶᑕϡѩ჌͞ё ౵кĂ҃᝝۰ڇચొܝᐡࣶᑕϡ଀౵͌Ăͷ ˟۰̝मள̏྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ĄಶଐჰפШ ЯᑕҖࠎ҃֏Ăԫఙڇચᐡࣶᑕϡѩ჌͞ё ౵кĂ҃Җ߆ڇચొܝᑕϡ଀౵͌Ă઱Чొ ܝม̝मளϏ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ąտ׎ࣧЯΞ ਕܼፉЇ஄Ъڇચ۞ᐡࣶĂࣘ࢑᝝۰ڇચᄃ ԫఙڇચ̍үĂ̍үีϫྵк҃൑ڱ૞ჟĂ д̍ү˯ҋ൒ົຏצྵ̝̂ᑅ˧Ăࠎ˞ྋՙ યᗟົ̂ณኛିЧొܝ૞ჟ۞ᐡࣶᄃ૞छĂ ЯѩĂ׎ЯᑕҖࠎҋ൒ྵٽઐШયᗟפШ̝ ඉரĄ҃Җ߆ڇચొܝᐡࣶࠎ˞ᐡચ۞ึӀ ଯҖĂᅮႽ˧ᄃЧొܝ໛఼ᄃםአĂЯ҃׎ ЯᑕҖࠎᑕϡྵк̝યᗟפШඉரĂྵ̝͌ ଐჰפШඉரĄ 3/ّҾ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ ώࡁտඕڍពϯّ̃ᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧ྵ շّځពĂҭддዎ࿃̍үᑅ˧ٕӧᕘॡĂ Ϥٺّ̃ᄃշّۤົ៍هᄃᆊࣃវր۞̙ Тâਠّ̃дҖࠎ˯ົᏴፄྵࠎߘّ̰ᑦ ۞ЯᑕҖࠎĂ̝ͅĂۤົ၆ٺշّкഇޞ׎ ਕநّăމ៍఍நયᗟĄϤܑ6̚Ξ࠻΍Ă շّᐡࣶ̝ЯᑕҖࠎᑕϡྵк۞યᗟפШඉ ரĂྵ͌۞ଐჰפШඉரĂҭ˟۰̝मளإ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ăព൒ّҾ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧Я ᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ̙̂Ą 4/ѐ᛬၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ ˘ਠ҃֏Ăѐ᛬ྵܜ۰ˠϠዦ።ᖳಱĂ ֍кᙊᇃĂ၆ְଐ۞࠻ڱົྵࠎ׹ؼᄃஎޥ ሢᇋĂϡк̮̼֎ޘޥ҂યᗟĂЯѩĂྵਕ ҋԧአዋĂᔖҺଐჰّ۞Җࠎć҃ѐ᛬ྵᅅ ۰ົԓ୕ిጼిՙĂྵࠎ᎕ໂՐܑனĄϤܑ 7̚Ξ࠻΍Ăצణᐡࣶѐ᛬෸̂ĂଐჰפШ ЯᑕҖࠎ႙͌ĂયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ႙кĂ׎ ̚20-34໐۞ᐡࣶѣ౵к۞ଐჰפШЯᑕҖ

ࠎĂ౵͌۞યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎĂҭЧѐ᛬ᆸ ᐡࣶม̝मள֭Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ą 5/૓ބېڶ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ Ϥܑ8̚Ξ࠻΍Ăצణ۞̏૓ᐡࣶѣྵ ͌۞ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎĂҭ̏૓ᐡࣶᄃϏ૓ ᐡࣶ˟۰дЯᑕҖࠎ͞ࢬ̝मள֭Ϗ྿௚ࢍ ព඾ͪ໤Ąѩ˘ன෪Ϻ௑Ъ˘ਠۤົ၆૓ބ ̝࠻ڱĂछलߏ˘࣎ᔖࢲപâ࣎ჟৠ˯۞ ͚ߗĂЯѩĂ၆̏૓۞צణᐡࣶ҃֏Ăдય ᗟ۞఍ந̈́ଐჰ۞አዋ˯ົѣྵк۞͚޺Ą 6/ጯ።၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ ˘ਠֽᄲĂିֈ඀ޘ੼۰ྵਕ੫၆યᗟ ̶ژĂ၆ଐჰ۞ଠטਕ˧ϺྵָĄϤܑ9̚ Ξ࠻΍ĂಶଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ҃֏Ă̂ጯି ֈ඀ޘ۞צణᐡࣶᑕϡѩ჌͞ё౵кĂࡁտ ٙጯ።۞צణᐡࣶᑕϡ౵͌Ăͷ˟۰̝मள ̏྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ćಶયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ҃ ֏Ă̂ጯିֈ඀ޘ۞צణᐡࣶᑕϡѩ჌͞ё ౵͌Ăҭᄃ׎΁ጯ።ม۞मள֭Ϗ྿௚ࢍព ඾ͪ໤Ą યᗟפШ̝ЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШ̝ЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ շ 3.3458 1 2.4643 2 ̃ 3.3021 2 2.5512 1 Ч௡ม̝मளࠤ̈ Ч௡ม̝मளࠤ̈ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ ѐ᛬ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ 20-29໐ 3.2442 5 2.5672 2 30-34໐ 3.2397 6 2.5752 1 35-39໐ 3.2924 3 2.5404 4 40-44໐ 3.3626 2 2.4730 6 45-49໐ 3.4162 1 2.5326 5 50໐˯ 3.2882 4 2.5592 3 Ч௡ม̝मள Ч௡ม̝मள Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ ّҾ

ܑ6 ّҾ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

ܑ7 ѐ᛬၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ ̏૓ 3.3087 1 2.5174 2 Ϗ૓ 3.3021 2 2.5828 1 Ч௡ม̝मளϏ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ Ч௡ม̝मளϏ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ ૞ࡊͽ˭ 3.3513 1 2.5267 2 ̂ጯ 3.2929 3 2.5694 1 ࡁտٙ 3.3157 2 2.4704 3 Ч௡ม̝मளϏ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ ̂ጯᄃࡁտٙ௡ม̝मள ̏྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ğp=0.05ğ

ܑ8 ૓ބېڶ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

૓ބېڶ

ܑ9 ጯ።၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

ିֈ඀ޘ 7/ဦ३ྤੈ૞ຽିֈࡦഀ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧Яᑕ Җࠎ۞ᇆᜩ ˘ਠ֏̝Ăဦ३ྤੈ૞ຽࡊրலຽ̝ᐡ ࣶ၆ဦ३ᐡЧีְચ̝ྻүѣБࢬّ̝ໄ هĂᑕົѣྵк۞યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎĄҭϤ ܑ10̚Ξ࠻΍Ăဦ३ྤੈ૞ຽࡊրலຽ̝ᐡ ࣶĂ၆ٺયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ̈́ଐჰפШЯᑕ Җࠎ࠰ྵ͌Ăଘᄃܧဦ३ྤੈ૞ຽࡊրலຽ ̝ᐡࣶдЯᑕҖࠎ̝פШमள֭Ϗ྿௚ࢍព ඾ͪ໤Ą 8/ဦ३ᐡ̍үѐྤ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆ ᜩ நኢ˯Ăѐྤஎ۰၆௡ᖐᒖဩྵࠎሢ ଉĂဦ३ᐡ̰γ̝ˠਔϺྵࠎᖳ՗Ă࿃זᑅ ˧Ϻྵਕ੫၆યᗟ఍நĂЯѩ׎ЯᑕҖࠎົ ᑕϡྵк̝યᗟפШඉரĂྵ̝͌ଐჰפШ ඉரć҃ѐྤྵ୺۰Ă݋̝ͅĄϤܑ11̚Ξ ࠻΍̍үѐྤ15ѐů20ѐ۞ᐡࣶĂયᗟפШ Яᑕ͞ёֹϡ଀౵кĂଐჰפШЯᑕ͞ёֹ ϡ଀౵͌ć҃̍үѐྤ5ѐů10ѐ۞ᐡࣶĂ યᗟפШЯᑕ͞ёֹϡ଀౵͌ĂଐჰפШЯ ᑕ͞ёֹϡ଀౵кćϤѩΞۢĂצణᐡࣶҬ ͼѐྤ෸எ׎ЯᑕҖࠎֹϡດкયᗟפШඉ ரĂଐჰפШඉரϡ଀ດ͌ĂҭЧ௡дЯᑕ Җࠎ۞פШमளإϏ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ą

9/னЇᖚચ̝ѐྤ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆ ᜩ ˘ਠ҃֏ĂࣣତЇາᖚચॡĂధкયᗟ ࠰ࠎࢵѨዎె҃ྵ̙ۢтңྋՙĂͷϤٺ၆ ᒖဩ̙ሢଉĂ׎યᗟפШЯᑕ͞ёֹ̝ϡצ זࢨטĂ҃ଐჰפШ۞Яᑕ͞ёົྵкć҃ ޢ༊ᐡࣶ၆ᖚચ͟႙ሢଉॡĂӈົᆧΐֹϡ યᗟפШ۞ЯᑕඉரĂ҃ଐჰפШЯᑕඉர Ϻົഴ͌ĄϤܑ12̚Ξ࠻΍ĂࣣତЇᖚચ2 ѐͽ̰۞ᐡࣶ׎યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ౵͌Ăଐ ჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ౵кĄҭனЇᖚચ̝ѐྤ၆ ЯᑕҖࠎפШ̝ᇆᜩ֭Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ą :/ߏӎፉЇ͹გᖚચ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ ᇆᜩ ˘ਠ҃֏Ă͹გυืүՙඉăણΐົᛉ ̈́ซҖ̂ณ۞໛఼םአĂ˲ѩ࠰ࠎયᗟפШ ۞̍үĂ׎યᗟפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎҋ൒ྵкĄ Ϥܑ13̚Ξ࠻΍ĂፉЇ͹გᖚચ۞ᐡࣶ׎ય ᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎځពкٺܧ͹გ̝ᐡࣶĂͷ मள̏྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ĂϏፉЇ͹გᖚચ۞ ᐡࣶଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎྵкĂҭᄃፉЇ͹გ ᖚચ۞ᐡࣶม̝मளإϏ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ą ߏӎဦ३ྤੈ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ ૞ຽࡊրலຽ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ ဦ३ྤੈ 3.2966 2 2.5383 2 ૞ຽࡊրலຽ ܧဦ३ྤੈ 3.3342 1 2.5422 1 ૞ຽࡊրலຽ Ч௡ม̝मள Ч௡ม̝मள Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ ဦ३ᐡ̍үѐྤ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ 5ѐͽ˭ 3.2908 4 2.5424 3 5ѐů10ѐͽ˭ 3.2532 5 2.5726 1 10ѐů15ѐͽ˭ 3.3165 3 2.5235 4 15ѐů20ѐͽ˭ 3.3563 1 2.5003 5 20ѐͽ˯ 3.3515 2 2.5432 2 Ч௡ม̝मள Ч௡ม̝मள Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤

ܑ10 ဦ३ྤੈ૞ຽିֈࡦഀ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

ܑ11 ဦ३ᐡ̍үѐྤ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

21/ˠॾপኳ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ ώࡁտពϯĂצణᐡࣶ̚׍ѣAݭˠॾ পኳ۰ࠎ̍үᑅ˧ຏצ౵̂۞˘࣎୉ཏĄϤ ٺAݭˠॾপኳ۞צణᐡࣶҋԧഇధ੼ĂЋ ဦ͕ૻĂѣޝૻ۞јಶજ፟ĂЯѩົѣ̂ณ ۞યᗟפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎĂҭЯ׎ᓾՐిޘĂ ఍நְଐྵާĂԓ୕֍זిड़ĂЯ҃ଐჰྵ ٽ߹ٺ࿅ޘღૺٕ৿ͻ࡝ّĂࠎ˞አዋଐჰ ᑕ҃ົѣྵк۞ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎĄϤܑ14 ̚Ξ࠻΍ĂAݭˠॾপኳ۞ᐡࣶ׎યᗟפШ ЯᑕҖࠎ̈́ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ࠰ځពкٺ׎ ΁ᙷݭˠॾ̝ᐡࣶĂͷ׎ม̝मள̏྿௚ࢍ ព඾ͪ໤Ą Ğαğᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎᄃ̍үᑅ˧ຏצ۞ ᙯܼ ᐡࣶ۞ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎᄃ׎၆̍үᑅ˧۞ ຏצߏӎѣᙯĂώࡁտͽPearson࠹ᙯܼᇴࡁ տ˟۰̝ᙯܼĄ 2/ᐡࣶଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎᄃ̍үᑅ˧ຏצ ࠎϒ࠹ᙯ ܑ15ࠎᐡࣶ̍үᑅ˧ᄃЯᑕҖࠎ۞࠹ᙯ ܼᇴĄтܑ15ٙϯĂଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎᄃᐡ ࣶ̍үᑅ˧ຏצࠎϒ࠹ᙯĂͷ̏྿௚ࢍᑭؠ ̝ព඾ͪ໤Ą˟۰̝ϒ࠹ᙯᙯܼĂΞѣ׌჌ ྋᛖĈ׎˘ࠎĶ༊ᑅ˧ྵ̂ॡĂ้Шٺͽଐ ჰפШЯᑕҖࠎֽአዋҋ̎ࢬ၆ᑅ˧ķćٽ

ܑ13 ፉЇ͹გᖚચ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

ߏӎፉЇ͹გᖚચ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ ͹გ 3.3848 1 2.4947 2 ܧ͹გ 3.2842 2 2.5527 1 ͹გăܧ͹გม̝मள Ч௡ม̝मள ̏྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤Ğp=0.05ğ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤

ܑ12 னЇᖚચ̝ѐྤ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

னЇᖚચ̍үѐྤ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ 2ѐͽ˭ 3.2770 4 2.5586 1 2ѐů4ѐͽ˭ 3.3520 1 2.5465 2 4ѐů6ѐͽ˭ 3.3042 2 2.5086 4 6ѐͽ˯ 3.2988 3 2.5281 3 Ч௡ม̝मள Ч௡ม̝मள Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ Ϗ྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤

֏̝Ăᐡࣶдࢬ၆̍үᑅ˧ॡĂ׎ЯᑕҖࠎ ̂кଳפநّ۞યᗟפШඉரЯᑕᑅ˧۞߄ ጼćҭ༊ᑅ˧ྵ̂ॡĂ݋ົкᑕϡଐჰפШ ۞Яᑕ͞ёֽአዋҋ̎ĄAnderson۞ࡁտϺ ޽΍Ă༊ᑅ˧̂ॡĂ࣎ˠಶົٸୢયᗟྋՙ ۞ЯᑕҖࠎĂ҃ᖼШଐჰפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎĄ Ğො21ğ׎˟ࠎĶᑕϡྵкଐჰפШЯᑕ͞ ё۞ᐡࣶĂ׎̍үᑅ˧ຏצ఼૱ྵ̂ķĂϺ ӈĂᐡࣶ࿅ٺଳϡଐჰפШЯᑕ͞ё۰̙ҭ ̙ਕྋՙયᗟĂ҃ͅΞਕֹ̍үᑅ˧Հԛᚑ ࢦĂЯࠎ̂ొЊ۞ଐჰפШᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ֭ ܧྋՙયᗟ҃ߏԼតຏᛇĂҭ၁ኳ۞યᗟ̪ ൒хдĂٙͽᑅ˧Ϻు͟௢᎕Ą 3/੼ଐჰפШᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ̝ᐡࣶ̍үᑅ ˧ຏצྵ̂ ඊ۰ࠎࡁտᐡࣶЯᑕᑅ˧۞Җࠎᄃ׎၆ ̍үᑅ˧ຏצ۞ᙯܼĂ̈́ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ ᄃયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎมߏӎѣᙯᓑĂ˜ॲፂ ᐡࣶયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ̈́ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ ۞кဿĂͽྍЯᑕҖࠎ̝̚Ҝᇴࠎ̶ࠧᕇĂ ̶ࠎ੼ăҲ׌ཏĂВ૟צణᐡ̶ࣶࠎα௡Ĉ Ğ1ğ੼યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎů੼ଐჰפШЯᑕ ҖࠎĈᐡࣶѣ̂ณ۞યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ̈́ଐ ჰפШЯᑕҖࠎćĞ2ğ੼યᗟפШЯᑕҖ ࠎůҲଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎĈᐡࣶѣ̂ณયᗟ פШЯᑕҖࠎĂҭ͌ณ۞ଐჰפШЯᑕҖ ࠎćĞ3ğҲયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎů੼ଐჰפ ШЯᑕҖࠎĈᐡࣶѣ͌ณ۞યᗟפШЯᑕҖ ࠎĂҭѣ̂ณ۞ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎćĞ4ğ ҲયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎůҲଐჰפШЯᑕҖ ࠎĈᐡࣶѣ͌ณ۞યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ̈́ଐჰ פШЯᑕҖࠎĄ ώࡁտͽᗕЯ̄តளᇴ̶ژ˟۰၆ᐡࣶ ̍үᑅ˧۞ᇆᜩĂ׎ᑭؠඕڍពϯયᗟפШ

ܑ14 ˠॾপኳ၆ᐡࣶᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩ

ˠॾপኳ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ πӮ଀̶ ଵЩ Aݭˠॾপኳ 3.4667 1 2.5997 1 ̚มݭˠॾপኳ 3.2519 2 2.5342 2 Bݭˠॾপኳ 3.2135 3 2.4813 3 Aݭˠॾপኳ>̚มݭˠॾপኳă Aݭˠॾপኳ>BݭˠॾপኳĂ BݭˠॾপኳĂ׎मள̏྿௚ࢍ ׎मள̏྿௚ࢍព඾ͪ໤ ព඾ͪ໤Ğp=0.01ğ Ğp=0.01ğ

ܑ15 ̍үᑅ˧ᄃЯᑕҖࠎ̝࠹ᙯܼᇴ

ᄃ̍үᑅ˧̝࠹ᙯܼᇴ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ -.014 ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ .259(**) ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level

۞ЯᑕҖࠎᄃଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ̝ม֭൑Ϲ ̢үϡĞ2-way interactionsğхдĂ၆ٺ࣎ ҾЯᑕҖࠎ۞͹ड़ڍĞmain effectğ҃֏Ă ੼ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ۰׎̍үᑅ˧ຏצځព ̂ ٺ Ҳ ଐ ჰ פ Ш Я ᑕ Җ ࠎ ̝ ᐡ ࣶ Ğ т ܑ 16ğĂ੼યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ̝ᐡࣶᄃҲયᗟ פШ̝ЯᑕҖࠎ۰Ăд̍үᑅ˧̝ຏצ͞ࢬ ֭൑ځពमளĞтܑ17ğĄ 4/᎕ໂϒШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎѣӄٺ῁ྋᐡࣶ̝ ̍үᑅ˧ ඊ۰ࠎஎˢᒢྋצణᐡࣶ࣎Ҿᑅ˧۞Я ᑕҖࠎᄃ̍үᑅ˧ม۞ᙯܼĂགྷࢍზЧЯᑕ Җࠎᄃ̍үᑅ˧۞Pearson࠹ᙯܼᇴĂ൴னᄃ ̍үᑅ˧ѣځពϒ࠹ᙯ۞ЯᑕҖࠎѣĈҋ యăᑅԺҋ̎ৌ၁ຏצ׶ຐڱă၆͔੓ᑅ˧ ۞ˠۡତܑ྿̰͕۞ᇙޤٕዏޤ΁ˠăд൑ ˠ఍൴ࠈଐჰĞࣵڥăӠΨඈğăᔖҺ΁ˠ ۢଉҋ̎۞ӧဩćԱˠ෦ࡴăॲፂͽـ۞གྷ រ఍நયᗟăੜᒺ̙ણΐЇң߿જăઇϨ͟ ေ͑ຐְଐ̏གྷрᖼăᄋᐝ̂ჂăՐӄٺ؟ ିܫЈă̂ณ฼ࢴކࠈଐჰă฼੧ކࠈଐ ჰăӀϡᘽۏֹଐჰᒔ଀නቤ̈́၆ְଐઇ౵ ᗼ۞χზඈඈĂ࠰ࠎঐໂّ۞ଐჰפШЯᑕ ҖࠎĂܧҭ൑ӄٺયᗟ۞ྋՙĂ҃ͅΞਕֹ ᑅ˧Հ̂Ą Ҍٺᄃ̍үᑅ˧ѣځព࢑࠹ᙯ۞ЯᑕҖ ࠎĂдયᗟפШొЊѣĈࢬ၆યᗟϲӈ఍ நăᄃ΁ˠ੅ኢͽᒔ଀Հкྋՙયᗟ۞͞ ڱăՐӄٺ૞ຽˠࣶĞ૞छٕᅃጱˠࣶğă ᑢࢎࢍ൪֭ቁ၁ેҖඈඈć҃дଐჰפШొ Њ݋ѣĈଂְҋ̎ѣᎸ኷۞׎΁߿જĞтྻ જăైූă࠻࿪ᇆğă૟ְଐـр͞ࢬຐă ᘦؠҋ֗ଐჰᔖҺᇆᜩ׎΁ְଐඈඈĄͽ˯ ჌჌࢑࠹ᙯ۞Яᑕ͞ёֹϡ଀ດк۞ᐡࣶ׎ ̍үᑅ˧ຏצດ̈Ă఺ֱҖࠎѣᛳયᗟጱШ ۞ĂϺѣᛳଐჰጱШ۞Ăҭ׎ВТ̝পّ࠰ ࠎ᎕ໂ۞ăϒࢬ۞Ą ٽ֏̝ĂଳϡયᗟפШٕ᎕ໂăϒࢬ۞ ଐჰפШЯᑕᑅ˧͞ё̝ᐡࣶĂѣӄٺഴᅅ ׎̍үᑅ˧ćଳפঐໂݭᑅ˧Яᑕ͞ё۰Ă ֭൑ӄٺ̍үᑅ˧̝῁ྋĄտ׎ࣧЯ˜ߏଳ פયᗟפШٕ᎕ໂݭᑅ˧Яᑕ͞ё̝צణᐡ

ܑ16 ੼ଐჰפШᄃҲଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎᐡࣶ̝̍үᑅ˧ͧྵ

Яᑕ͞ё ̍үᑅ˧ ͧྵĞព඾ͪ໤0.001ğ ੼ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎᐡࣶ 78.52 ੼ଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎ۰׎̍үᑅ˧̝ຏצ ҲଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎᐡࣶ 67.52 ځព̂ٺҲଐჰפШЯᑕ͞ё̝ᐡࣶ

ܑ17 ੼યᗟפШᄃҲଐჰפШЯᑕҖࠎᐡࣶ̝̍үᑅ˧ͧྵ

Яᑕ͞ё ̍үᑅ˧ ͧྵĞព඾ͪ໤0.001ğ ੼યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎᐡࣶ 72.29 ˟۰̝मளϏ྿ព඾ͪ໤ ҲયᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎᐡࣶ 73.02

ࣶĂдࢬᓜᑅ˧ॡߏͽྵ᎕ໂăϒࢬ۞ၗޘ Νࢬ၆ᄃЯᑕĂТॡϺົವՐᏐ̓ăТְă ͹გ̝͚೯Ă҃ܧଳפ੟ᔖٕྃᐺّ̝Җࠎ ͞ёĂЯѩĂдࢬᓜТᇹ̝̍үᑅ˧ଐဩ ॡĂଳפયᗟפШٕ᎕ໂݭᑅ˧Яᑕ͞ё̝ ᐡࣶĂ׎ٙצז̝࢑ࢬᇆᜩົྵଳפঐໂݭ ᑅ˧Яᑕ͞ё۰͌Ą

Ё ă ੅ ኢ ᄃ ޙ ᛉ

࣎វࢬ၆ᑅ˧ଐဩॡĂࡶٙଳϡ۞Яᑕ ͞ё̙ԁ༊Ă݋̙ҭ̙ਕ῁ྋᑅ˧Ă҃ͅົ ᆧΐᑅ˧Ă֭ͷٽౝˢೋّೈᒖ̚ĄϤώࡁ տ۞ඕڍΞۢצణᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ ߏტЪયᗟפШᄃଐჰפШ˟۰Ăͷரઐય ᗟפШ̝ᆸࢬĂϤצణᐡࣶ౵૱֍۞˩ี̍ үᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎ៍̝Ă൑ኢߏયᗟפШٕଐ ჰפШϺкᛳநّă᎕ໂĂЯѩૄώ˯ᄲֽ ߏઉ૵۞ҖࠎĄ ҃ώࡁտពϯᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ˧ຏצᄃଐ ჰפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎܼϒ࠹ᙯĄϺӈĂ༊̍ү ᑅ˧ు႙ᆧ̂ॡĂᐡ้ࣶШٺͽଐჰפШ۞ ͞ёЯᑕĂͷкઐШтҋయă൴ࠈăዏޤă ੜᒺඈ̙ઉ૵۞ଐჰҖࠎĂࣃ଀ڦຍĄ҃т ңֹᐡࣶ૟̍үᑅ˧ܲ޺дዋ༊ቑಛ̰Ă̙ ่ߏᐡࣶ࣎ˠְ̝Ăဦ३ᐡ௡ᖐϺᑕ੨Ъ࠹ ᙯନ߉Ă֭ഴ͌௡ᖐ̰൑Ꮬ۞̍үᑅ˧໚Ă т͹გ̙༊۞ᅳጱࢲॾăረᘂטޘ̙̚Ъآ ۞ఢؠăሀቘ۞௡ᖐ߆ඉă̍ү࢑ఈ̶੨̙ Ӯăᖚయထ̶̙ځቁă̙Ъந۞ᒻड़ᓟ࿌ט ޘă̙։۞̍үಞٙඈĄĞො22ğ ТॡĂώࡁտඕڍϺ൴னᐡࣶ۞࣎ˠЯ ৵ົᇆᜩ׎ઐр̝ᑅ˧ЯᑕҖࠎĂѐᅅă̍ үѐྤ୺ăࣣତЇᖚચ2ѐ̰۞ᐡࣶĂ׎ય ᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎྵ͌Ă҃ଐჰפШ۞ЯᑕҖ ࠎྵкĂ׎ࣧЯΞਕܼ၆௡ᖐᒖဩ۞̙ሢ ଉĂͷ̙ۢтңͽયᗟפШ۞͞ڱЯᑕ̝Ă ЯѩĂဦ३ᐡ௡ᖐࡶਕޙϲጯܜטĞmentorğ םӄາซᐡࣶࣣ̈́ତЇາᖚચ̝ᐡࣶĂᐌॡ ޽ጱ׎тңͽયᗟפШ۞ҖࠎЯᑕĂᑕΞѣ ड़῁ྋ׎ࢬ၆̝̍үᑅ˧ଐဩĄ ѩγĂצణᐡࣶ̚׍ѣAݭˠॾপኳ ۰Ăд̍ү̚ྵٽ࿅ޘܑன଀ާᛒ׶̙࡝ ໭Ăࢬ၆̍үᑅ˧ଐဩົѣ̂ณ۞યᗟפШ ᄃଐჰפШ۞ЯᑕҖࠎĂͷд੼̍үᑅ˧ଐ ဩ˭ົӄܜᐡࣶӔனໂბ۞AݭˠॾҖࠎĄ ੫၆ѩᙷݭ۞ᐡࣶ҃֏Ăඊ۰ޙᛉΞᖣϤ͟ ૱၆࣎ˠҖࠎ۞ҋԧ࠷ޥĂ੊ቚҋ̎၆ְଐ ѣЪந۞ᄮۢĂӘᄯҋ̎ٸၙ̍ү༼ݶĂޙ ϲ̍үͽγ۞ЃยᎸ኷Ă֭кણᄃЃย߿જ ඈĂͽٸᗫ͕ଐᄃᛖٸ̍үᑅ˧ć҃ဦ३ᐡ ௡ᖐϺآ੫၆ѩᙷݭᐡࣶ̝࣎ҾᅮՐĂপҾ ೩ֻ࠹ᙯ͕֗ܲઉ̈́ᑅ˧გந۞םӄନ߉Ą Г۰ĂώࡁտϺ൴ன੼ଐჰפШЯᑕҖ ࠎ۞ᐡࣶĂ׎̍үᑅ˧ځព੼ٺ׎΁ᐡࣶĂ ЯѩᐡࣶᑕᔖҺ̂ณଳϡ࢑ࢬ۞ଐჰפШЯ ᑕ͞ёĄҌٺϒШ̈́᎕ໂࢬ۞ЯᑕҖࠎтĈ ଂְҋ̎ѣᎸ኷۞׎΁߿જĞтྻજăై ූă࠻࿪ᇆğă૟ְଐـр͞ࢬຐăᘦؠҋ ֗ଐჰĂᔖҺᇆᜩ׎΁ְଐඈĂ݋ߏଐჰழ ጱ۞։рନ߉Ăѣӄٺ׎ޢ᎕ໂăநّгͽ યᗟפШЯᑕҖࠎ఍நᑅ˧ଐဩĄ ҌٺՐӄٺ૞ຽˠࣶĞ૞छٕᅃጱˠࣶğ ѩ˘ЯᑕҖࠎᄃ̍үᑅ˧Ϻࠎ࢑࠹ᙯĂְ၁ ˯ĂѩЯᑕ͞ёѣӄٺഴᅅᐡࣶ۞̍үᑅ

˧Ăҭдώࡁտ̚ពϯצణᐡֹࣶϡѩีЯ ᑕ͞ё̝ᐛதྵ͌ĂѩໂΞਕᄃ઼ˠ̪௫ٺ ҋԧ఍ந࣎ˠ۞͕நયᗟĂ҃ྵ̙௫ၚವՐ ૞ຽ͕நᅃጱ۞ϔଐѣᙯĂТॡϺΞਕܼ၆ ૞ຽ͕நᅃጱ̝Αਕ̙ᒢྋٙ࡭Ą

ౙ ă ඕ ᄬ

ҋ1980ѐ΃̍үᑅ˧ᛉᗟצזࢦෛͽ ֽĂдဦ३ྤੈጯ࠹ᙯ͛ᚥ̚Ă၁෠ࡁտ͞ ࢬӈܧ૱г৿ͻĂ઼̰҃Ϻᔿ͌࠹ᙯ̝ࡁ տĄЯѩĂඊ۰ᖣϤ͛ᚥ̶ژڱăયסአߤ ڱ̈́ణኘڱĂଣ੅έ៉гડ̳ϲ̂ጯၱጯੰ Ğӣԫఙጯੰğဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ̝̍үᑅ˧Яᑕ ҖࠎĂԓᖣϤώࡁտ͔൴઼̰ဦ३ᐡᐡࣶࢦ ෛ࣎ˠ̍үᑅ˧ᄃ͕நઉ૵̝યᗟĂጯ௫ᑅ ˧გந̝࠹ᙯۢਕĂ֭೩઼ֻ̰ဦ३ᐡგந ลᆸણ҂ᄃᙯڦဦ३ᐡᒖဩ̝̚ᑅ˧გநય ᗟĂଂ҃ؠഇ೩ֻᐡࣶ͕ីјܜᄃᑅ˧გந ̝࠹ᙯିֈ੊ቚĄ ଘώࡁտͽέ៉гડ̳ϲ̂ጯၱጯੰ Ğӣԫఙጯੰğဦ३ᐡᐡࣶࠎአߤᇹώĂצ ణጯࣶᔵֽҋБ࠷ЧгĂ׎פᇹఢሀ̪Ϗਕ உᄏБέ៉ЧгડᄃЧᙷݭ̝ဦ३ᐡĂЯѩ ࡁտአߤᇹώᇴณ̈́΃ّܑ࠰ѣٙࢨטĂإ ̙֖ͽͅߍԧ઼ဦ३ᐡᐡࣶ̍үᑅ˧ЯᑕҖ ࠎ̝БᄻĂ͔ϡॡآڦຍ׎ࢨטĄ

࡭ ᔁ Ĉ

ώ͛ࠎ઼ࡊົ૞ᗟࡁտࢍ൪ొЊјڍĞNSC 90-2413-H-002-013ğĂᖰШ೩ֻώࡁտགྷ෱ ྃӄ઼̝ࡊົᄃ̶ֳ࠹ᙯགྷរ̝ٙѣצణᐡ ࣶ࡭˯౵எ۞ະຍᄃᔁຍĄ

ො ᛖ

ො1ċWes Bowers, ņStress Management,Ň Business Credit 101:7 (August 1999): 18-19.

ො2ĈJocelyn Corville and Lauren M. Bernardi, ņHelping Employees Manage Stress,Ň The Canadian Manager 24: 3(1999): 11-14.

ො3ĈJulie E. Hodges, ņStress in the Library,Ň Library Association Record 92:10 (October 1990): 751.

ො4ĈJanette S. Caputo, Stress and Burnout in Library Service (Phoenix: Oryx Press, 1991).

ො5ĈM. Payette and E. Guay, ņStress: the Experience of Some Quebec Librarians,Ň ARGUS 10:6 (November/December 1981): 121-127. ො6Ĉౘ३୥ĂĶԧ઼̳ϲ̂ጯၱጯੰဦ३ ᐡᐡࣶ̍үᑅ˧໚̝አߤࡁտķĂ̂ጯ ဦ३ᐡ7סǬഇĞϔ92ѐ3͡ğĂࢱ43-45Ą ො7ĈૺߋᎸĂૺ͕ͩநጯĞέΔξĈڌර Ăϔ80ѐğĂࢱ107Ą

ො8ĈR.S. Lazarus and R. Launier, ņStress-related Transactions between Person and E n v i r o n m e n t ,Ň I n P e r s p e c t

ives in Interactional Psychology, ed. L.A. Pervin and M.Lewis (New York: Plenum., 1978).

ො9ĈR.S. Lazarus and S. Folkman, Stress, Appraisal, and Coping (New York: Springer,

1984).

ො10ĈR.S. Lazarus and S. Folkman, ņCoping a n d A d a p t i o n ,Ň I n T h e H a n d b o o k o f Behavioral Medicine, ed. W.D. Gentry (New York:Guiford, 1984). ො11ċR . S . S c h u l e r , ņ D e f i n i t i o n a n d

C o n c e p t u a l i z a t i o n o f S t r e s s i n O r g a n i z a t i o n s ,Ň O rg a n i z a t i o n a l Behavior and Human Performance 25:2

(April 1980): 184-215.

ො12ċM . F r i e d m a n , a n d R . H . R o s e n m a n , Type A Behavior and Your Heart (New York: Knopf, 1974).

ො13ĈBoyd Swent and Walter H. Gmelch , ņStress at Desk and How to Creatively Cope,ŇOSSC Bulletin 21:4. (1997): 33-35. ො14ĈТො9Ą

ො15ĈC. L. Cooper, S. J. Sloan, and S.Williams, O c c u p a t i o n a l S t r e s s I n d i c a t o r Management Guide (Windor:

NFER-Nelson, 1988). ො16ĈҖ߆ੰ౻̍؎ࣶົ౻̍щБ኎Ϡࡁտٙ በĂᖚຽᑅ˧޽ᇾ̝ଣ੅ĞέΔξċበ ۰Ăϔ83ѐğĂࢱ23-24Ą ො17ĈТො9Ăࢱ328-333. ො18Ĉӕ౼༈ĂĶ̍үᑅ˧۞၁ᙋࡁտķĂ ିֈᄃ͕நࡁտ 8ഇĞϔ74ѐ7͡ğĂ ࢱ157-189Ą

ො19ĈMonica Ollendorff, ņHow Much Do L i b r a r i a n s K n o w a b o u t S t r e s s Management?Ň Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarians 8:1/2 (1989): 67-98.

ො20Ĉౘ३୥Ăဦ३ᐡ௡ᖐ͕நࡁտĈᐡࣶ ۞ᄮۢ៍ᕇĞέΔξĈ͛රဦ३ᐡგ நྤੈĂϔ92ѐğĂࢱ135Ą

ො21ĈC.R. Anderson, ņCoping Behavior as I n t e r v e n t i n g M e c h a n i s m s i n t h e I n v e r t e d S t r e s s - P e r f o r m a n c e Relationship,Ň Journal of Applied Psychology 61(1976)Ĉ30-34.