建立臺灣WiMAX產業競爭優勢的關鍵因素以鑽石模型為基礎

(1)

WiMAX

Key Factors to Build The Competitive Advantages of Taiwan’s

WiMAX Industry Based on Diamond Model

(2)

WiMAX

Key Factors to Build The Competitive Advantages of Taiwan’s

WiMAX Industry Based on Diamond Model

Student

Chih-Hung Hsueh

Advisor

Grace TR, Lin

A Thesis

Submitted to Graduate Institute of Management of Technology College of Management

National Chiao Tung University in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of

Master of Business Administration in

Management of Technology

June 2012

Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China

(3)

; WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX Michael Porter WiMAX DEMATEL ( ) ( ) WiMAX ( ) : WiMAX M DEMATEL

(4)

Abstract

With the rapid progress development of Internet technology and application, all developed countries are actively planning the prospective information and

communication policies, with the expectation to provide comprehensive infrastructure and application service of broadband network, so as to promote the growth of

information and communication industry and further improve the national

competitiveness. With the whole construction of infrastructure and increasingly high penetration rate of the mobile devices, people have higher network demands: such as wider network coverage, larger bandwidth, and more flexible mobility.

This thesis firstly discusses about WiMAX’s position in the wireless network technology and the current situation of WiMAX industry in other countries all over the world from the perspective of nation competitiveness. Next it makes comparison with the environmental conditions for Taiwan’s WiMAX development, attempting to work out the best development direction for reference when making decisions. The structure of the whole thesis takes Michael Porter’s diamond theory as the basis, the Five-Pointed Diamond Model developed by Chen Cheng-Nan and Tang Da-Chen as the reference foundation. After that, through the interview with the experts from the benchmarking enterprises or institutions in the WiMAX related industries, it verifies the obtained data by the DEMATEL method, and finally obtains the following conclusions:

(1) Apart from improving the networking industry clusters and getting rapid response, the government should take part in making the new-generation

technological specification, for the protection of the patented technology will make the practitioner more competitive in the global competition.

(2) In spite of rapid development of other wireless broadband technologies, WiMAX still keeps innovation in this specification competition. Till now it has become a candidate of generation-Ⅳ mobile communication technology, and won’t cause any technological integration problem for the vendors that have invested into it earlier.

(3) Among the five dimensions affecting the industrial competitiveness,

“governmental support” and “local demands” can bring the greatest influence, into which the resources should be put primarily. The great support and promotion of governmental policies takes a crucial position, so the system operator should also think about the potential market, so as to make the right products and supplementary plans, but not make blind investments. This is the way to popularize it and improve the industrial development.

(5)

...i ...ii ...iii ...iv ... v ... 1 ... 1 ... 3 ... 3 ... 4 WiMAX ... 5 WiMAX ... 5 WiMAX ... 7 WiMAX ... 11 WiMAX ... 16 ... 22 ... 22 ... 26 ... 29 ... 31 DEMATEL ... 31 ... 33 ... 33 ... 34 ... 34 ... 38 ... 44 ... 44 ... 46 ... 47 ... 47 ... 48 ... 52

(6)

1 ...6 2 WiMAX ...10 3 M ...16 4 WiMAX ...21 5 ...34 6 ...34 7 ...35 8 ...35 9 ...36 10 D R D-R D+R ...37

(7)

1 (2011/12) ...1 2 ...2 3 ...4 4 IEEE 802.16 ...5 5 2006~2013 WiMAX ...8 6 2011~2015 ...9 7 WiMAX ...19 8 ...23 9 ...29 10 ...30 11 ...33 12 ...37

(8)

Miniwatts Marketing Group 2011 32.7% 1

78.60% 1

1 (2011/12)

: Miniwatts marketing Group

2011 12 2011

72% 2 95 2011

48% 2

(9)

WiFi

WiMAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) LTE(Long Term Evolution)

WiMAX 2001 WiMAX (WiMAX Forum)

(last mile) 802.16m 2 : FIND(2012/03) Intel WiMAX PC IT Intel

(10)

WiMAX (4G) WiMAX WiMAX Intel WiMAX M ( ) 3 WiMAX WiMAX 4

(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory，DEMATEL)

WiMAX Michael Porter 1990 4 WiMAX 1. WiMAX 2. WiMAX 3. WiMAX 4.

(11)

WiMAX WiMAX IC (ex ) DEMATEL 2011 6 2012 5 WiMAX DEMATEL

(12)

WiMAX

WiMAX

WiMAX

(Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks WMAN)

70Mbps

50 10

10Mbps

(4G)

IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers， ) Workgroup IEEE 802.16 2000 10-66GHz 32-134Mbps 802.16 11GHz 75Mbps (802.16-2004) 6GHz 15Mbps (802.16e-2005) 5 4 4 IEEE 802.16 : WiMAX Forum 2005

(13)

802.16d 802.16e 802.16m

WiMAX Forum 802.16e

30 WiMAX 2

802.16m IEEE ITU(International Telecommunication

Union )

802.16m 350 802.16e

OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，

) MIMO(Multi-Input Multi-Output

，

) WiMAX WiFi 3G WiMAX 1 1 WiFi WiMAX 3G 802.11n 802.16e WCDMA 40Mbps 70Mbps 14~15Mbps 300 50 1~5 : Wi-Fi(IEEE 802.11) WiMAX(IEEE 802.16) 802.16 50 802.11 300 802.16 70Mbps 802.11 40Mbps 802.16 126-bit

(14)

WiMAX

(Internet Service Provider ISP) ADSL WiMAX WiMAX / WiMAX 7 802.16d WiMAX 2004 Clearwire 2008 9 WiMAX UQ Communications 2009 7 2011 311 UQ WiMAX 8 WiMAX Intel WiMAX 4G WiMAX Forum WiMAX WiMAX 2008 2008 11.9 2009 11 2009 9 5 DSL LTE

(15)

WiMAX

WiMAX 9

2008 Mobile WiMAX Fixed WiMAX

ASP Mobile WiMAX Fixed

WiMAX 2007 CPE 5 2006~2013 WiMAX : Infonetics, IEK(2009/09) 2009 09 180 2010 2 1,188 2013 5,081 9 Infonetics Research 2011

WiMAX 2,000 10 6 WiMAX Forum

(16)

6 2011~2015 : Infonetics Research, 2011 WiMAX 11 (1) 700MHz (2) 2.3 2.4 GHz a. 802.16 WiBro WiBro 2005 KT SKT b. WiMAX (3) 2.5 2.69 GHz 4 WiMAX (4) 3.4 3.7 GHz WiMAX

2010 4 WiMAX Forum Ron Resnick 147 559

WiMAX 6.2 1,400

WiMAX /

Clearwire 50 2010

(17)

2013

9 2

2 WiMAX

Clearwire 99 Q1 97 2010 200

St. Louis, Salt Lake City and Richmond

and Kansas City 37

Washington DC Baltimore

UQ 98 7 99 1 15

cafe shop Narita Express(WiMAX/WiFi ) Packet One 99 6 Packet One 3G SKT SKT 1 Packet One WiMAX 99 Q1 17.5 WiMAX e-Government Yota 2009 3碁 WiMAX FDD LTE

LTE Yota WiMAX

(18)

3.5G Hz Fixed WiMAX

2.3/ 2.5G Hz Mobile WiMAX

WiMAX Operator, Mena Telecom WiMAX Multilink 98 WiMAX 99 1 WiMAX 2.3G / 2.5G / 3.5G 4G : 2010 7 WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX

ASP Mobile WiMAX Fixed WiMAX

WiMAX WiMAX Forum 2011 5 WiMAX WiMAX

WiMAX LTE WiMAX WiMAX LTE WiMAX

(19)

(Population Reference Bureau PRB) 2011

12.4 71% 8.7 12

e

GDP TRAI

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India 2011 1

2010 9 1,031 2,000

0.87%

13 (

) 50% 20%

Department of Telecom, DoT 2004 (Broadband Policy) 13

2010 4,000 2,000

WiMAX 13

WiMAX Forum Ron Resnick 2008

(20)

WiMAX 2012 WiMAX 2,750 WiMAX 1,900 WiMAX 2012 WiMAX 20% 130 BWA DoT 2010 5 6 3G BWA

WiMAX Reliance Communications TATA Communications BSNL(Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.)

Reliance Communications TATA BSNL 2009 WiMAX

3.3GHz

Fixed WiMAX Mobile WiMAX

13

Tata Communications Bangalore Chennai Mumbai 168

WiMAX Bangalore

WiMAX Delhi Hyderabad

Chandigarh Tata Communications 350

1,500 Outdoor CPE Outdoor CPE

Wi-Fi Tata Communications

2.3GHz Tata

Communications WiMAX 14

BSNL WiMAX

(21)

75,000 BSNL BSNL 2015 WiMAX 3,500 BSNL 2,000 14 BSNL MTNL 2009 Mobile WiMAX 25,000 MTNL WiMAX SI Vodafone DoCoMo SI WiMAX SI MTNL WiMAX 13 Clearwire 2007 802.16e 7 SprintNextel Clearwire WiMAX 2008 1 WiMAX “XOHM” 15 Clearwire WiMAX 2010 WiMAX 2012 1 6 WiMAX 16 27

(22)

4G WiMAX WiMAX

WiMAX WiMAX USB

Sprint Nextel 2005

2008 5 SprintNextel Clearwire Intel Comcast Google TimeWarner WiMAX

“Clearwire” 8 SprintNextel

WiMAX WiMAX

2008 9 SprintNextel WiMAX

—XOHM( Sprint4G) WiMAX

WiMAX 2M 4Mbit/s

3G 600k 1.4Mbit/s 15

WiMAX KDDI 2007 12 WiMAX

JR UFJ

(Intel Capital) WiMAX UQ Communications KDDI 44.1% 15 2009 2 UQ Communications 23 WiMAX 5,000 JR 44 WiMAX 6 UQ “UQWiMAX” 15 UQ 2010 4~9 2011 28 17 UQ 2010 15,000 570

(23)

2012 93% 9 UQ 2012 UQ 2010 5 WiMAX 2 2011 7 18 UQ WiMAX WiMAX POS 9 UQ 2011 2 EVO WiMAX

KDDI NTTdocomo WiMAX

EMobile WiMAX

2011 3 WiMAX

(resilience) Intel Ton Steenman

3G WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX 18 WiMAX 2005 WiMAX (M-Taiwan) WiMAX e M WiMAX 11.38 9.23 WiMAX WiMAX 24.62 WiMAX 2.15 19 3 3 M Intel

(24)

M 2007/03

2007/04 NCC

2007/05 NEC NORTEL R&S WiMAX

2007/07

NCC

2007/10 Alcatel-Lucent Motorola Nokia Siemens Networks Sprint-Nextel Starent WiMAX 2007/10 WiMAX WiMAX 2008~ WiMAX WiMAX : WiMAX 11 (1) 608 680MHz 686 710MHz 2010 608-680 MHz WiMAX (2) 3G TDD 3G TDD ( 1915 1920MHz 2010 2025MHz ) 20MHz 3G WiMAX (3) 2.5 2.69GHz 2.5 2.69GHz WRC2000 IMT2000 WiMAX WiMAX (4) 3.4 3.7GHz 3.4 3.7GHz WiMAX (Last Mile) (WLL)

(25)

WiMAX CPE CPE WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX CPE 7 2008 2009 6,518 2008 16.9% WiMAX 42.1% 20 2009 WiMAX 90 MIC 2010 10 WiMAX 2010 350 681 146% 2011 50% 520 50% MIC 2012 WiMAX 42.8 5.4 CPE 37.4 19

(26)

7 WiMAX

: ITRI 2007

80% WiMAX WiMAX

CPE USB Dongle ( Cisco)

OEM ( Alvarion) ODM

CPE 2009

USB Dongle WiMAX WiMAX

WiMAX 20

WiMAX Ron Resnick WiMAX

Sprint Nextel Clearwire WiMAX

ODM M-Taiwan

WiMAX WiMAX

(27)

WiMAX WiMAX Clearwire Hope Cochran 2011 2010 705% 16 2010 WiMAX WiMAX LTE WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX ZTE( ) WiMAX 21 2010 3 3 6 WiMAX 6 WiMAX 2011 WiMAX 8 2012 1.5

(28)

4 WiMAX

(29)

22 WiMAX Intel

LTE WiMAX

Michael E. Porter(1990)

(The Competitive Advantage of Nations) Porter

22 1. _― 2. _― 3. _― 4. 8

(30)

8

Porter 1990 Competitive Advantage of Nations The Free Press.

Factor Conditions

( ) Human Resource

( ) Physical Resource

( ) Capital Resource

(31)

( ) Knowledge Resource

Porter

(Demand Conditions)

Porter

(32)

WiMAX 70% ODM/OEM

(Firm strategy, structure and rivalry)

Porter

(Chance)

(33)

(Government) Porter Porter 2000 Porter Porter (1) (2) Porter Porter 23

(34)

24 Hodgetts(1993) Van Den Bosch(1994) DeMan(1994) 25 (1991) Porter 26 Porter Porter Porter Porter

Wayne R. Cartwright Porter

Porter

Cartwright 23

(35)

) Porter 27 ( ) (Foreign Direct Investment FDI) (supernational diamonds) 27 Cartwright(1993) Nalura(1993) Dunning

Rugman & D’Curz Rugman &

Verbeke (Double Diamond) Porter

( ) Porter

Rugman & D’Curz

(36)

9

Rugman and Verbeke(1993)

Porter

29

(1) (2) (3) (4)

(37)

10

(38)

DEMATEL

(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL) Battelle (Battelle Memorial Institute of Geneva) 1972~1976

DEMATEL (1) (

) (2) (3)

DEMATEL

(Structure Equation Modeling, SEM) (Network Relationship Map, NRM)

30 (2003) 31 (2005) 32 DEMATEL 0( ) 1( ) 2( ) 3( ) 4( ) DEMATEL 1.

(39)

n n×n

average matrix A

A = [ ]n_xn 0 i

j j i

2. initial direct influence matrix

3. / full direct/indirect influence matrix

4. causal diagram T

i j

D R prominence

(40)

+ , – D R D - R WiMAX WiMAX 11 DEMATEL WiMAX WiMAX / WiMAX

(41)

WiMAX 16 5 碁 0 1.75 2.8125 3.25 2.3125 2.0625 0 2.1875 2.5625 2.25 2.4375 1.5625 0 2.9375 2.25 2.875 2.5625 2.875 0 2.4375 3.25 2.1875 2.8125 3.0625 0 11.3125 6 6 D 0 0.1547 0.2486 0.2873 0.2044

(42)

0.1972 0 0.2108 0.2380 0.2040 0.2176 0.1224 0 0.2448 0.2108 0.2448 0.2244 0.2788 0 0.2176 0.2856 0.1972 0.2380 0.2584 0 7 I 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 ( 5-3) 8 8 I-D 1 -0.1547 -0.2846 -0.2873 -0.2044 -0.1972 1 -0.2108 -0.2380 -0.2040 -0.2176 -0.1224 1 -0.2448 -0.2108 -0.2448 -0.2244 -0.2788 1 -0.2176

(43)

-0.2856 -0.1972 -0.2380 -0.2584 1 T 9 9 1.6864 1.4419 1.9401 2.0275 1.6934 1.7779 1.2511 1.8382 1.9170 1.6272 1.7159 1.3027 1.5857 1.8395 1.5618 1.9783 1.5628 2.0573 1.9062 1.7892 2.0374 1.5696 2.0636 2.1458 1.6386 1.7418 D R D-R( ) D+R( ) 10

(44)

10 D R D-R D+R (D) (R) (D-R) (D+R) 8.7894 9.1958 -4.4064 17.9852 8.4114 7.1281 1.2833 15.5395 8.0057 9.4850 -1.4793 17.4906 9.2938 9.8360 -0.5422 19.1298 9.4549 8.3103 1.1446 17.7652 10 D-R D+R 12 12 D-R WiMAX D-R

(45)

D+R WiMAX WiMAX 5-4 5-1 WiMAX WiMAX ( IC IC )

(46)

WiMAX ( ) ODM/OEM WiMAX

(47)

( ) WiMAX

(48)

WiMAX WiMAX GPS WiMAX 3G 33 WiMAX WiMAX 3G FIND 2011 8

(WBA WAP GPRS 3G WiMAX PHS)

58,000 55 3G/3.5G WiMAX 2011 WiMAX 50 3G UQ KT (National

Communications Commission NCC) WiMAX 2011

6.3

(49)

(Essential IPR) WiMAX 94 M WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX 4G 9 802.16j WiMAX 4G WiMAX WiMAX/4G 4G WiMAX CPE Sequans Intel IC

(50)

WiMAX

WiMAX/LTE

CPE

WiMAX USB WiMAX

CPE CPE

micro/pico femto

(51)

( )

WiFi

( Intel ) WiMAX

WiMAX Intel WPO

WiMAX WPO

LTE WiMAX LTE

WiMAX

WiMAX 2 802.16m 2011 IEEE

WiMAX 802.16e downlink 128Mbps 300Mbps

1Gbps ITU-R 4G LTE 802.16m 802.16m WiMAX DEMATEL WiMAX DEMATEL WiMAX WiMAX

(52)

Clearwire Clearwire AT&T Verizon 150~200 1. 2. WiMAX WiMAX

(53)

3. WiMAX

WiMAX WiMAX

802.16e 802.16m 802.16j

2006 802.16j(Mobile Multihop Relay, MMR) Nortel Fujitsu 802.16j WiMAXRelay WiMAX 4. WiMAX IPTV WiMAX 4G 1. WiMAX

(54)

3. DEMATEL WiMAX WiMAX/LTE 1. 2. WiMAX WiMAX 3. WiMAX

(55)

1 http://www.credit.com.tw/newweb/market/weekly/index.cfm?sn=46， 99 2 2011 _─ FIND http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=many&id=302， 100 3 M http://duct.cpami.gov.tw/intro/a_01.htm， 93 4 -86 5 WiMAX http://km2.iiietc.ncu.edu.tw/xms/content/show.php?id=7029， 95 6 4G -WiMAX http://www.cc.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/epaper/0002/20070920_2007.htm 96 7 WiMAX http://www.mem.com.tw/article_content.asp?sn=0701020668 95 8 WiMAX 100 9 WiMAX IEK 98

10 2G, 3G, 4G Mobile Infrastructure Market Highlights , Infonetics Research,

http://www.infonetics.com/pr/2011/2Q11-2G-3G-4G-LTE-WiMAX-Mobile-In frastructure-Market-Highlights.asp 2011

(56)

12 World Population Data Sheet 2011 Population Reference Bureau http://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2011/world-population-data-sheet. aspx，2011。 13 2010 WiMAX — MIC 99 14 WiMAX http://std-share.itri.org.tw/IndustryPaper/More?ClassID=1&id=1， 100 15 WiMAX http://www.cww.net.cn/WiMAX/html/2009/7/15/20097151019293888.htm 98

16 Sue Marek Clearwire: Usage on our network increased 705% year-over year FierceWireless http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/clearwire-usage-our-network-increased-7 05-year-over-year/2012-03-22，2012。 17 UQ WiMAX 90 WiMAX http://www.communications.org.tw/communications/getdetail.php?n_unit=331 0&cfz_unit=6&cf_unit=41&menu=1 100 18 WiMAX http://std-share.itri.org.tw/achievement/Default?ClassID=2， 100 19 WiMAX 97 20 WiMAX 99 21 2011 100

(57)

1990.

23 Cartwright, W. R., Multiple Linked Diamonds and the International Competitiveness of Export-Dependent Industries: The New Zealand Experience , Management International Review, 1993.

24 Van Den Bosch & Van Prooijen , European Management: An Emerging Competitive Advantage of European Nations , European Management Journal, 10(4), 1992.

25 Hodgetts, R., Porter’s diamond framework in a Mexican context. Management International Review, 33(2), 1993.

26 Michael E. Porter (1990) The

Competitive Advantage of Nations 80

27 Dunning,J.H., Internationalizing Porters Diamond , Management International Review, Special Issue, pp.7-15, 1993.

28 Rugman,A.M.and A.Verbeke, The Double Diamond Model of International Competitiveness , Management International Review,vol.33(2),pp.17-39, 1993.

29 Porter

87

30 Tzeng, G.H., Chiang, C.H., & Li, C.W., Evaluating intertwined effects in e-learning programs: A novel hybrid MCDM model based on factor analysis and DEMATEL , Expert System with Applications, 32(4), 2006.

31 -- DEMATE

92

32 DEMATEL

94

(58)

34 WiMAX

http://cdnet.stpi.org.tw/techroom/market/eetelecomm/2010/eetelecomm_10_0

17.htm， 99

35 WiMAX Subscriptions Surpass 20 Million Globally , WiMAX Forum http://www.wimaxforum.org/news/2866 2011

(59)

WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX/ 3 31 E-mail 0926-234429 E-mail [email protected]

(60)

&

WiMAX Porter(1990) (1997) DEMATEL WiMAX ( ) WiMAX WiMAX 1. WiMAX 2. WiMAX 3.

(61)

(62)

1. WiMAX

WiMAX

(LTE) WiMAX

( ) WiMAX 2007

(63)

( 2.5~2.69GHz, 3.4~3.7GHz ), WiMAX WiMAX NB WiMAX NB WiMAX WiMAX LTE 3G/4G WiMAX

(64)

2.

0

4

0 1 2 3 4

(65)

3.

2 1 2 1

4.

(66)

1.   2.     3. 4. 5. 6. 1   -31  -63  -96  -129  -1512 15  7. 30 30~35 35~40 40~50 50 E-Mail

(67)

A Terada 5 B ASUS 10 C ITRI 14 D D-Link 13 E 21 F MITAC 10 G Holux 8 H InComm 9 I 18 J 12 K 5 L D-Link 3 M 3 N 3 O ITRI 5 P 3

建立臺灣WiMAX產業競爭優勢的關鍵因素 以鑽石模型為基礎

WiMAX

Key Factors to Build The Competitive Advantages of Taiwan’s

WiMAX Industry Based on Diamond Model

WiMAX

Key Factors to Build The Competitive Advantages of Taiwan’s

WiMAX Industry Based on Diamond Model

Student

Chih-Hung Hsueh

Advisor

Grace TR, Lin

Abstract

WiMAX

WiMAX

WiMAX

WiMAX

，

&

1.

WiMAX

2.

0

4

3.

4.

建立臺灣WiMAX產業競爭優勢的關鍵因素以鑽石模型為基礎