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第 1 頁

高雄市明誠中學 高一數學平時測驗 日期:99.01.17 範

第 15 回 3-1 多項式四則運算

班級 姓

座號 名 一、計算題 (每題 20 分)

1、 試求

f x

( )=10

x

5−9

x

4+21

x

3−8

x

2+ ,除以3

g x

( )=5

x

2−2

x

+ 的商式與餘式。 2 答案:商式 3x3x2+3x ; 餘式 − + 6

x

3

解析: ( ) 5 2 2 2 1( 2 2 2)

5 5 5

g x = xx+ = xx+ 10 9 21 8 0 6

4 2 6 0 2

5 2 4 2 6 0

5 5 1 0 5 15 0, 6 3

2 1 3 0

− + − + + + − + +

− + − + −

− + + − +

− + +

商式 3x3x2+3x ; 餘式 − + 6

x

3

2、設 f x( )除以x3−1餘式為x2−1,試求 f x( )除以x2+ +x 1餘式為何?

答案:− −

x

2 解析:

f x

( ) (÷

x

3− =1)

Q x

( )

x

2− ⇒1

f x

( )=(

x

3−1) ( ) (

Q x

+

x

2−1) 又

x

3− =1 (

x

−1)(

x

2+ +

x

1)

2 2

( 1

( )

)

( 1)

( )

( 1)

f x x x x Q x x

⇒ =

+ + + −

(x x 1)[(x 1)Q(x) 1] ( x 2)

= + + − + + − − ⇒ 餘式 − −

x

2

3、 設x t 1

= +t,試將t5 15

+t 表示成 x 的多項式。

答案:x5−5x3+5x 解析:

2 2 2 2

2

1 1 1

( ) 2

x t x t t

t t t

= + ⇒ = + ⋅ ⋅ + t2 12 x2 2

⇒ +t = −

3 3 3 3

3

1 1 1 1

( ) 3 ( )

x t x t t t

t t t t

= + ⇒ = + ⋅ ⋅ + + t3 13 x3 3x

⇒ +t = − 所以(t2 12)(t3 13) (x2 2)(x3 3 )x

t t

+ + = − −

5 5 3 3

5

1 1

3 2 6

t t x x x x

t t

⇒ + + + = − − + ,

5 5 3

5

1 5 6

t x x x x

⇒ +t = − + − 5 15 5 3 5 5

t x x x

⇒ +t = − +

4、設

f x

( )=

x

5+3

x

4−2

x

2+2

x

+ =1

a x

( +2)5+

b x

( +2)4+

c x

( +2)3+

d x

( +2)2+

e x

( + + ,2)

f

2 2

2

1

1 0 1 1 2

x x x

x x

x + + + −

+ +

− −

(2)

第 2 頁

試求:(1)序組( , , , , , )a b c d e f =?(2) f( 1.99)− =? (小數點第四位) 答案:(1)(1, 7,16, 10, 6, 5)− − − (2) 4.9390

解析:

(1)

f x

( )=(

x

+2)5−7(

x

+2)4 +16(

x

+2)3−10(

x

+2)2−6(

x

+ + 2) 5 1 3 0 2 2 1

2 2 4 4 4 2 1 1 2 2 2 5

2 2 0 4 2 1 1 0 2 6

2 6 12 2 1 3 6 10

2 10 2 1 5 16

2 2 1 7

f

e

d

c

b

a

+ + − + +

− − + − + − + − + − +

− + + − −

− + + −

− + − −

− + −

− + −

− +

− −

(2) f( 1.99)− =(0.01)5−7(0.01)4+16(0.01)3−10(0.01)2−6(0.01) 5+ 10 0.001 6 0.001 5

0.0010 0.0600 5 4.9390

≈ − × + − × +

= − − + =

5、 設

f x

( )=

x

4+2

x

2−3

x

+ ,試求 4 (1) f(1− 3) (2) f(1+i) 答案:(1) 37 17 3− (2)− +3 i 解析:

(1)x= −1 3⇒(x−1)2 =( 3)2x2−2x− =2 0

f x

( )=

x

4+2

x

2−3

x

+ =4 (

x

2−2

x

−2)(

x

2+2

x

+ +8) 17

x

+20 f(1− 3)= +0 17(1− 3)+20=37 17 3−

(2)

x

= + ⇒1

i

(

x

−1)2 =( )

i

2

x

2−2

x

+ = 2 0

f x

( )=

x

4+2

x

2−3

x

+ =4 (

x

2−2

x

+2)(

x

2+2

x

+ + −4)

x

4 f(1+ = + + − = − +i) 0 (1 i) 4 3 i

1 0 2 3 4 2 4 16 2

2 4 16 2 1 2 8 17 20

+ + − +

+ + + +

+ + + + + + + +

1 0 2 3 4

2 4 8 2

2 4 8 2 1 2 4 1 4

+ + − +

+ + + +

− − − − + + + −

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