供應鏈網路設計應用於決策問題之研究 張珍綺、梁文耀
E-mail: 9314334@mail.dyu.edu.tw
摘 要
隨著全球內外環境的不斷變遷，企業所面臨的問題越趨複雜化，管理者的每項決策對企業整體來說，都是牽一髮而動全身
，而企業的角色也從單打獨鬥的尋求自身利益，漸漸擴展到整個供應鏈的協同合作模式以獲取整體利益，當管理者面臨供 應鏈管理規劃問題時，需同時考量多個面向的因素，如成本、時間、可靠度等，但目前大部分管理者的決策依據是憑著先 前的經驗，缺乏一些量化的準則，以致於更複雜的問題與充滿變化的外在環境會更加模糊管理者的焦點。 因此本研究之目 的在於解決企業在面臨動態環境時，管理者制定決策的難處，在此以標籤校正演算法(Label Correcting Algorithm)為基礎，
發展出更有彈性的運作程序，稱為彈性標籤校正演算法(Flexible Label Correcting Algorithm；FLC)，用於各種不同之企業目 標，如：關鍵路徑追蹤、最短路徑追蹤、最大可靠度路徑追蹤、最小可靠度路徑追蹤等。使管理者面臨決策時，不僅根據 經驗，再輔以更客觀的量化衡量標準。最後再以外包夥伴選擇系統為例，發展出可運作之系統雛型，以驗證此程序的可行 性。
關鍵詞 : 供應鏈、決策、供應鏈管理規劃、彈性標籤校正演算法 目錄
目錄 封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書 ...iii 中文摘要 ...v 英文摘要 ...vi 誌謝 ...vii 目錄 ...viii 圖目錄 ...x 表目錄 ...xii 第一章 緒論 ...1 1.1 研究背景與動機 ...1 1.2 研究目的 ...2 1.3 研究範圍與限制
...3 1.4 研究流程 ...3 第二章 文獻探討 ...6 2.1供 應鏈相關議題 ...6 2.1.1供應鏈管理 ...7 2.1.2供應鏈邏輯
...8 2.2供應鏈問題 ...10 2.2.1供應鏈網路設計之決策問題
...11 2.3標籤校正演算法 ...18 第三章 研究設計與方法 ...21 3.1 彈性標籤校正演算法 ...21 3.2解決供應鏈網路設計之決策問題 ...28 3.2.1影響供應鏈網 路設計之決策問題的因素 ...29 3.2.2彈性標籤校正演算法之多目標決策方法 ...31 3.3模糊理論相關議題 ...34 3.3.1語意變數 ...35 3.3.2歸屬函數 ...35 3.3.3 解模糊化 ...38 第四章 範例研究 ...40 4.1範例說明
...40 4.1.1解決外包夥伴選擇問題 ...40 4.1.2解決廠址選擇問題
...47 4.2系統說明 ...55 第五章 結論及建議 ...61 5.1 結論 ...61 5.2建議 ...62 5.3貢獻 ...62 參考文獻 ...64 圖目錄 圖1.1 研究流程 ...5 圖2.1 供應鏈管理範疇 ...7 圖2.2 供應鏈之邏輯關係 ...8 圖2.3 供應鏈之邏輯關係 (AND)
...9 圖2.4 供應鏈之邏輯關係 (OR) ...9 圖2.5 供應鏈之邏輯關係 (XOR)
...10 圖2.6 供應鏈問題分類 ...11 圖3.1 關鍵路徑追蹤 ...23 圖3.2 最短路徑追蹤 ...23 圖3.3 最大可靠度路徑 ...24 圖3.4 最小可靠度路徑
...24 圖3.5 決策流程圖 ...34 圖3.6 三角模糊數 ...36 圖3.7 梯形模糊數 ...37 圖3.8 常態型模糊數 ...38 圖4.1 作業程序圖
...41 圖4.2 備選地點圖 ...48 圖4.3 畫面一：系統首頁
...56 圖4.4 畫面二：問題類型選擇 ...57 圖4.5 畫面三：選擇決策路徑 ...57 圖4.6 畫面四：一般因素輸入 ...58 圖4.7 畫面五：特殊因素及限制輸入 ...58 圖4.8 畫面六：最終目標選擇 ...59 圖4.9 畫面七：輸入資料之確認 ...59 圖4.10 畫面八：最適建議解 ...60 圖4.11 最適建議解圖示
...60 表目錄 表2.1 供應鏈網路設計之決策問題 ...14 表2.2 供應鏈網路設計之決 策問題文獻整理 ...15 表2.3 供應鏈網路設計之決策問題範例 ...17 表2.4 解決最 短路徑問題相關研究 ...19 表3.1 [cp]及[op]對照表 ...22 表3.2 影響供應鏈網路設 計之決策問題的因素 ...31 表4.1 節點資料-一般條件 ...42 表4.2 節點資料-特殊條
件及限制 ...43 表4.3 評等資料表（一般條件） ...48 表4.4 評等資料表（特殊因 素及限制） ...49
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