利用作業流程圖/物件模式分析自動化製造系統

ᒦ׉৫ȈցҢհཾࢺแყ/ސӇ዁ԒϷݙՌଢ଼Ͻᇧഅفಛ 541

ցҢհཾࢺแყ/ސӇ዁ԒϷݙՌଢ଼Ͻᇧഅفಛ

ᒦ׉৫

ᖒӫ׬೚Ᏸ଱ώཾώแᇄᆓ౩ऋ

ᄢ! ौ

ҏМඪюϷݙᇧഅفಛϞཱིПݲ፣

AFD/OM

ȂڏஅᙃӵܻᐌӫސӇᏲө

Ȟ

object-oriented; OO

ȟ׬೚ϞӨᆍ዁ԒȂڏϛ

OO

ܚٺҢϞ዁ԒΙૡѓࢂȈߒ

Ұ឴ܒᡐϽޟ՗࣏዁ԒȃߒҰᒯю

/

ᒯΣᙽ඲ᜰ߽Ϟђ૖዁ԒȂᇄߒҰސӇ໢

ҺϣհҢϞ๖ᄺᜰ߽ޟސӇ዁ԒȞ

object model; OM

ȟȄҏМࡾюհཾࢺแყ Ȟ

activity flow diagram; AFD

ȟџҢоߒҰސӇϞ՗࣏዁Ԓᇄђ૖዁ԒȇٷԪȂ ᔖҢ

OO

^{׬೚ϷݙفಛਢȂ஠}

AFD

^ᇄ

OM

^{ငҥ឴ܒϞᐌӫȂᆎୈ}

AFD/OM

^П

ݲȂڎԤජक़فಛϱϚӣೣਿϞђ૖ȂᙤԪџټ໌Ι؏Ϸݙᇄ೩ॎϞٷᐃȄҏ Мٮоω࠮Ռଢ଼ϽᇧഅفಛȞ

automated manufacturing system; AMS

^ȟ࣏ٽȂᇳ

݂ԪПݲϞᔖҢႆแᇄ๖ݎȇശࡣȂԤᜰ

AFD/OM

Ϟ੫ܒ஠ೝଆ፣ᇄ၌ភȄ ᜰᗤຠȈհཾࢺแყȃސӇ዁Ԓȃ՗࣏዁Ԓȃђ૖዁ԒȄ

A STUDY ON TECHNIQUES OF COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING APPLYING AFD/OM METHOD TO ANALYZE AUTOMATED

MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

Hong-Feng Lai

Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Lien-Ho Institute of Technology Miaoli,

Miaoli, Taiwan 360, R.O.C.

Key Words:

activity flow diagram, object model, behavioral model, func- tional model.

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a new method, AFD/OM, for analyzing automated manufacturing systems. This method is based on integrating various models of object-oriented (OO) paradigms. OO models generally can be classified into three types, i.e. behavioral models, describing the changes of states; functional models, denoting the transformation or mapping between output and input relation; and object models (OM) representing the struc- tural relations of objects, interactions. We point out that activity flow diagrams (AFD) can capture the semantics of functional and behavioral specifications. Thus, we combine AFD and OM to specify the functional and behavioral specifications in the system abstraction stage. Moreover, these specifications can be exploited in the implementing stage. An automated manufacturing system is employed to demonstrate the analytical steps of the AFD/OM method. Finally, the significance of this method is discussed.

׬೚Ᏸѐ! ಑Ϊϲڢ! ಑Ѳ෈! ҕ୽ΞΪԑ

Journal of Technology, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 541-548 (2001)

542 ׬೚Ᏸѐ! ಑Ϊϲڢ! ಑Ѳ෈! ҕ୽ΞΪԑ

հཾ.

a

հཾ.c հཾ.

b ޑᄘ.1

ޑᄘ-4 ޑᄘ-3

ޑᄘ-2 ޑᄘ-1

ޑᄘ-2

ޑᄘ-3 ޑᄘ-4 object-X

object-XϞޑᄘᙽಋყ

Ш

ΙȃᏲ! ፣

OO

Ȟ

object oriented

ȟ׬೚ϚծџҢоϷݙܖ೩ॎҬ኿

فಛȞ

target system

ȟȂՄи࢐၌ؚ୰ᚠϞΙᆍࡦᆰ዁ԒȂ

ӰԪߖΪԑලႇೝᏰࣨᇄၥଉࣨܚंـܖᔖҢȄϷݙӨᆍ

OO

Ϟ೩ॎПݲ፣ȂҥܻᔖҢϚӣϞၥਟਿԒȞ

syntax

ȟܖ

ᇭཎȞ

semantics

ȟȂܖ௴ࣺ౴ϞϷݙ೩ॎώڎȂܖྛՌแԒ

ᇭِϞϷݢȂഅԙ౪Ԥಀӻ

OO

Пݲ፣Ϟ౪ຫ

[1]

Ȅٽԃ

Rumbaugh [2]

ඪюސӇ዁Ԓ׬೚Ȟ

OMT

ȟȂ

Yourden

ᇄ

Coad[3]

ඪюސӇᏲөϷݙȞ

OOA

ȟȂ

Martin

ᇄ

Odell[4]

ඪ юސӇᏲөϷݙᇄ೩ॎȞ

OOAD

ȟȂ

Booch[5]

ࠌඪюϞސӇ ᏲөϷݙ೩ॎᇄᔖҢȄ

Մи

OO

Ϟஅҏ౩፣அᙃՍϬۦҐׇരȂႆܻٷᒦ

OO

Ϟޢឈ྅܈ᇄ༈ಛၥଉفಛี৤ώڎ

[6]

Ȅؐᆍ

OO

ПݲϷ տඪюϚӣϞϷݙ዁ԒᇄყלώڎȂٽԃ

Rumbaugh

Ϟ

OMT

ඪюԃήέᆍϞ዁ԒȈߒҰ឴ܒᡐϽޟଢ଼ᄘ՗࣏዁

ԒȃߒҰђ૖Ϟђ૖዁ԒᇄߒҰސӇᓗᄘ๖ᄺᜰ߽ޟ

OM

ȇ

Martin

ᇄ

Odell

Ϟ

OOAD

ࠌ௴ҢΠᆍϞ዁ԒȈސӇ ๖ᄺ዁Ԓᇄ՗࣏዁ԒȂԪѴζԤඪюΙᆍ዁ԒϞ

OO

П

ݲȂԃ

Kowal[7]

ܚඪюϞ՗࣏዁Ԓ้ȇӵϷݙ዁Ԓܖώڎ

ႆܻᖅᚕήȂഅԙفಛี৤ޱӵᔖҢਢᒵᐅϞ֨උȄ ԪѴȂӻኵϞ

OO

೩ॎПԒȂΙૡѫ࢐ցҢӨᆍ዁Ԓ ߒҰفಛȂՍܻ዁Ԓ໢ᜰ೿Ϟ୰ᚠȂࠌၶЍೝंـȂ༉Х

ܻШၶϷݙٮҐඪюཱིޟᐌӫȄԆӵΙٲ፣Мඪю፡ᎌϚ ӣၥଉفಛϷݙ೩ॎПݲϞ࢜ᄺܖ዁ԒȂٽԃܻ

Cargouri[8]

Ϟ፣МკၐցҢɆΙૡϽϞ

OM

ɇ஠ӨᆍϞ

OM

ᙽ඲ԙ൐

ΙϞΙૡϽ዁ԒȇѪΙএПөࠌ࢐ցҢনԤϞώڎԃ๖ᄺ Ͻ׬೚ᇄڏт዁Ԓώڎٽԃ

LOTOS[9]

ܖᇤЪყȂܻ

[10,11]

ϛցҢၥਟࢺแყȞ

DFD

ȟᇄᇤЪყᐌӫϷݙҡ౰فಛϞ

௡ڙ୰ᚠȇԪѴȂζԤΙٲ፣М଩ӫᄂୈ೺ᡝϞ೩ॎȂϠ оᐌӫ዁Ԓ໢ϞᄇᔖȂٽԃ

Liu[12]

ඪю଩ӫᄂୈ೺ᡝ

G2

Ϟ೩ॎȂоᓗᄘ๖ᄺϞ

OM

࣏ϛЖײюڏᇄђ૖዁Ԓȃ՗

࣏዁ԒϞ໢ޟᄇᔖȄ

ΰक़ࢋԤПԒᗶณკၐ၌ؚސӇӨᆍ዁ԒӵᄂҢΰϞ

୰ᚠȂծϫ҆໸պ݈ڏӵᔖҢΰϞፒᚕܒᇄϚΙमޟ୰

ᚠȂܖ࢐ྛՌᒵҢώڎҏ٘ԃճ໦ᇤЪყȂܚഅԙϚܾኄ

࣏Ιૡ೩ॎޱܚ௴ҢޟٱᄂȄ

ҏМܚඪюϞ

AFD/OM

ᐌӫ࢜ᄺȂџငҥӣਢߒҰђ

૖ᇄ՗࣏዁ԒϞ

AFD

Ȃᄇᔖᐌӫڏ

OM

Ȃڏϛ

AFD

᜸խ

༈ಛϞ

DFD

Ȃڎരᙏ൐ܾܻᛲᇧϞ੫ܒȂՄиӵߒҰ૖Ψ ΰџӣਢڎരٱӇყȞ

event schema

ȟȃޑᄘᙽಋყȞ

state transition diagram

ȟȃᇄђ૖ࣺٷყȞ

functional dependent

diagram

ȟ้ϞߒҰ૖ΨȂӰԪኄ࣏೩ॎޱ௴ҢȂٮџҥ೺

ᡝ

IDEF0[13]

ᛲᇧȇҏМٮᄂሬо

AMS

Ϟ೩ॎ࣏ٽȂᇳ݂

ڏ໢ᐌӫϞᜰ߽Ȅ

ҏМಢᙑԃήȈ಑Π࿽ଆ፣Ԥᜰ

AFD

ϞߒҰ૖Ψᇄஅ ᙃȂڏϛѓࢂցҢ

AFD

ߒҰ՗࣏዁ԒȂᇄցҢ

AFD

ߒҰ

ყ 1! ސӇϞ AFD ᇄޑᄘᙽಋყϞᄇᔖ

ђ૖዁ԒȂٮ࡚ҳڏڒኵஅᙃȄ಑έ࿽௤ଆ

AFD

ᇄ

OM

Ϟᜰ߽Ȃ಑Ѳ࿽ᄂሬоω࠮

AMS

ϞϷݙᇄ೩ॎ࣏ٽȂᇳ

݂ၼҢ

AFD

ᇄ

OM

ϞϷݙ؏᡽ᇄ឴ܒϞᐌӫПԒȂ಑Ϥ

࿽࣏ଆ፣ᇄ၌ភԤᜰ

AFD/OM

Ϟ੫ܒȂശࡣ಑ϲ࿽࣏๖

፣Ȅ

Πȃհཾࢺแყ

ސӇ࣏ᄂᡝϞ዁ԒϽܪຫ྅܈Ȃڏϛѓ֤ᓗᄘϞ឴ܒ ၥਟᇄଢ଼ᄘ՗࣏Ȟ

behavior

ȟȂڏϛଢ଼ᄘ՗࣏џցҢޑᄘᙽ ಋყȞ

state transition diagram

ȟȃٱӇყȞ

event schema

ȟᇄ ђ૖ࣺٷყȞ

functional dependent diagram

ȟ้ߒҰȄ

AFD

ҢоߒҰفಛϱΙفӖϞհཾȂԃоछ୽ުॖᐌ ӫႫသሄօᇧഅȞ

ICAM

ȟ ۡဎϞώڎȞ

IDEF0

ȟ࣏ٽȂ ڏϛհཾоП਱ߒҰȂࢺแПөࠌоጐဴߒҰȄ

AFD

џӣ ਢߒҰ

OO

׬೚ϛϞٱӇყᇄޑᄘᙽಋყȂܚоڎരၶኄ ϞߒҰ૖ΨȄԤᜰ

AFD

ᇄޑᄘᙽಋყٱӇყܖђ૖዁Ԓ໢

ޟᜰ߽Ȃ஠ӵоήϷտଆ፣Ȅ

1.հཾࢺแყᇄ՗࣏዁ԒϞޑᄘᙽಋყ

ؐΙސӇӵӈΙਢࢲȂԆӵڏࣺᄇᔖϞޑᄘȂ௃ސӇ ޑᄘϞᡐϽႆแџජक़فಛϞ੫ܒȄޑᄘҥفಛϱҬࠉܚ Ԥ឴ܒ঄ܚᄺԙȂһ։فಛܚಢԙϯӇ଄ᏹ঄Ϟפྱ

Ȟ

snapshot

ȟȂȞa

1

Ȃa

2

Ȃa

3

ȂȌȂa

i

Ȃa

n

ȟߒҰفಛငҥ੫ۡ

հཾܖٱӇࡣȂڏ଄ᏹ঄ᙽಋϞٱᄂ

[14]

ȄΙૡоޑᄘᙽ ಋყߒ౪فಛஈ՗ႆแϞޑᄘᡐϽȂޑᄘᙽಋყ࣏ᗴܒ

Ȟ

implicit

ȟජक़فಛଢ଼ᄘ՗࣏ȂӰڏоᓗᄘϞޑᄘၥਟȂ

ߒҰفಛငҥΙفӖհཾܚഅԙޑᄘᡐϽϞႆแȄ Ԇӵ೨ӻߒҰޑᄘϞ዁࠮ܖۡဎПԒȂٽԃ௃ޣᜋߒ Ұܖජक़فಛᙽಋϞُ࡙ȂӰԪԃݎࡸྱفಛᙽಋُ࡙Ȃ џ஠ޑᄘϷԙоήέ᜸

[15]

ȈߑۖሯؑޑᄘȞ

initial require- ment state

ȟȂϛϭᙽᡐޑᄘȞ

intermediate transition state

ȟȂ ڗശತׂڞޑᄘȞ

final compromised state

ȟȄ

ᙽ඲

AFD

࣏ޑᄘᙽಋყϞনࠌȂӵܻᗴᙠ

AFD

ϛϞ հཾȂџᕕमސӇ

AFD

ܚᄇᔖϞޑᄘᙽಋყȂڏ໢ޟᄇᔖ ԃყ

1

ܚҰȄ

2.հཾࢺแყᇄ՗࣏዁ԒϞٱӇყ

ΙૡװٱӇ࿋ԙஅҏϯӇȞ

primitive component

ȟȂٷ Ԫۡဎܖಢӫԙڏт྅܈ԃݲࠌȞ

rule

ȟȃܖհཾȞ

activity

ȟ

 !"#$/%&'()*+,-./ 543

1 ˴ d i −

d 2 c −

d 3 o −

1

1 d

i −

2

1 d

c −

3

1 d

o −

5 o −2 d

a1 a2

4 c −2 d

i2

ყ 2! ސӇϞ AFD ᇄٱӇყϞᄇᔖ

้ȄٱӇޟߒҰПԒџ௴ɇоনӰᇄਝݎۡဎٱӇɇȂӰ ڏ ᇄ ᡒ ᒮ ೩ ॎ ၶ ࣺ ߖ Ȃ Մ и џ ޢ ௥ ᙽ ࣏ ݲ ࠌ ৲ ᇭ ِ

Ȟ

ruled-base

ȟȂԤօܻفಛငҥடড়فಛݲࠌ৲ޟᄂհȄ

ᙽ඲

AFD

࣏ٱӇყϞஅҏনࠌȂӵܻᗴᙠ

AFD

ϛϞ

឴ܒ኿ҰȞ

label

ȟȂӣਢװհཾ࿋ԙٱӇȂ։џுڗڏᄇᔖ ϞٱӇყȂԃყ

2

ܚҰȄᆣӫΰक़Ϟଆ፣Ȃџޣ

AFD

ڎԤ ߒҰ

OO

ଢ଼ᄘ՗࣏዁ԒϛϞޑᄘᙽಋყᇄٱӇყϞ૖ΨȄ

3.հཾࢺแყߒҰђ૖዁ԒϞڒኵஅᙃ

OO

Ϟڒኵ዁Ԓ࢐௃Ι೿՛ϞᒯюʝᒯΣ໢Ȃජक़ف ಛϞᙽ඲ᜰ߽ȂՍܻڏኵᏰஅᙃȂҏ࿽ցҢ

Lambda

ॎᆗ

[16]

ߒ Ұ ȇ Մ и ٷ ྱ ސ Ӈ ϱ Ϟ հ ཾ Ȟ

activity

ȟȃ ឴ ܒ Ȟ

attribute

ȟȃհཾࢺแȞ

activity flow

ȟᇄᙽ඲ࢺแ

/

឴ܒϞ

໢ޟڒࢎȞ

mapping

ȟϠоۡဎސӇȄоήԤᜰސӇϞғೣ

Ͻۡဎ࢐୤Ճᇄওғ

Costa[17]

ϞۡဎПԒȄ

ۡဎ

2.1

឴ܒ b

i

ᇄ឴ܒޟ໱ӫ

B

឴ܒȈb

i

Ȃb

i

ߒҰ࢚Ι឴ܒȂѓࢂ឴ܒ঄ᇄၥਟ

ਿԒȄ

B

ߒҰفಛϱ឴ܒܚԙϞ໱ӫȂb

i

∈

B

ȇ࢚Ι឴

ܒڏ঄ष࣏Ȉ

ε

ȂࠌߒҰ၎឴ܒฒݲೝᢎก Ȟ

observable

ȟȂ

Type

Ȟb

i

ȟߒҰ࢚Ι឴ܒ঄ b

i

Ϟ ၥਟਿԒȄ

ۡဎ

2.2

ӵ឴ܒ໱ӫ

B

ޟᢎกȞ

observation

ȟȂߒҰӵ዁

ԒϽႆแϛܚԤџೝᢎกϞ឴ܒܚԙϞ໱ӫȈ

obs(B)={

b

1 :

d

1 ,

b

2 :

d

2 ,...,

b

n :

d

n }

d

i

∈

type(

b

i )

ۡဎ

2.3

оڒኵᢎᘈۡဎސӇȈ

ob=

Ȟ

A,B,

͉

,α

ȟѓ֤հ

ཾޟ໱ӫ

A

Ȃ឴ܒޟ໱ӫ

B

ȂސӇҡڼ໊෈Ȟ

life

cycles

ȟԤ३հཾࢺแ໱ӫ͉Ȃᇄ឴ܒᢎกڒኵ

Ȟ

attribute observation mapping

ȟ

α

Ȉ

A ^*

ʖ

obs(B)

ყ 3! оஅҏП༵ߒҰސӇ

ყ 4! о IDEF ߒҰհཾࢺแϞᙏٽ

ԃо๖ᄺϽفಛϷݙᇄ೩ॎПݲ

[18]

ȃछ୽ުॖᐌӫ ႫသሄօᇧഅȞ

ICAM

ȟۡဎϞώڎȞ

IDEF0

ȟȂࠌஅܻᒯ ΣʝᒯюၥਟࢺϞᜰ߽ȇӰԪȂԃоڒኵȞ

function

ȟᏲө ජक़فಛϞᙽ඲՗࣏Ȃ

AFD

ΙفӖϞհཾџҢ

IDEF0

ߒ ҰȂڏϛհཾоП਱Ȟ

box

ȟߒҰȂհཾࢺแࠌоጐဴȞ

arrow

ȟ ߒҰȂ឴ܒ঄о኿ᡆȞ

label

ȟߒҰȄ

ؐΙএஅҏП༵Ϟಢԙԃყ

3

ܚҰȂڏϛᒯΣ i ௡ڙ c ᇄᒯю o ࣱߒҰ឴ܒȂڏ঄Ϸտ࣏ d

1 ,

d

2 ,

d

3

ȂஅҏП༵Ϟ ڒኵԒ࣏Ȉo

:

d

3 =

λic

.

a

(

d

1 ,

d

2 )

ȂߒҰ࿋ i

,

c ᒯΣ঄࣏ d

1 ,

d

2

ਢȂ ࠌஈ՗հཾ a иᒯю o

=

d

3

Ȅ

ٽυ

2.4

ष࢚ΙސӇڏհཾԃყ

4

ܚҰȂᄇᔖڏђ૖

዁ԒϞڒኵஅᙃଆ፣ԃήȈ

এտհཾ a

1

Ϟڒኵཎဎ࣏Ȉo

1 =(

λi

1

c

1 .

a

1 )

d

1

d

2

Ȃ୅೩឴

ܒ i

1 ,

c

1

ڏ឴ܒ঄Ϸտ࣏Ȉd

1 ,

d

2

ȂՄи i

2 =

o

1

Ȃএտհཾ a

2

Ϟ ڒ ኵ ཎ ဎ Ȟ

Lambda

ȟ ࣏ Ȉ o

2 =(

λi

2

c

2 .

a

2 )

o

1

d

3 =(

λi

2

c

2 .

a

2 ) (

λi

1

c

1 .

a

1 )

d

1

d

2

d

4

Ȃ୅೩឴ܒ c

2

ڏ឴ܒ঄࣏Ȉd

4 .

Ȃࠌџுڗڏ ᄇᔖϞڒኵᢎᘈܚۡဎϞސӇ࣏Ȉ

հཾ໱ӫ

A={

a

1 ,

a

2 }

Ȃ

឴ܒ໱ӫ

B={

i

1 ,

c

1 ,

o

1 ,

c

2 ,

o

2 }

Ȃ ސӇϞҡڼ໊෈໱ӫ͉

={

a

1 ,

a

1

a

2 }

Ȃ

឴ ܒ ᢎ ก ᄇ ᔖ Ȉ α

(

a

1 )={

o

1 :(

λi

1

c

1 .

a

1 )

d

1

d

2 }

Ȃ α

(

a

1

a

2 )=

{

o

2 :(λi 2

c

2 .

a

2 )(

λi

1

c

1 .

a

1 )

d

1

d

2

d

4 ,

c

1 :

d

2 }

Ȃڏϛငհཾ a

2

Ȃଶ౰ҡ ᒯю o

2

Ȃζٺ឴ܒ c

1

Ϟ឴ܒ঄ᒯюӱඈ࣏Ȉd

2

Ȃobj

1 =(A,B,

͉

,

α

)

Ȃڏϛ

A,B,

͉

,

α ԃΰܚक़Ȅ

obj

1 =({a 1 ,a 2 }

Ȃ

{i 1 ,c 1 , o 1 , c 2 , o 2 }

Ȃ

{a 1 a 1 a 2 }

Ȃα

)

Սܻ؁ፒᚕ

AFD

Ϟհཾ՗࣏Ȃϫџငҥΰक़Ϟ௰Ᏺႆ

แȂᕕमڏᄇᔖϞڒኵȞ

Lambda

ȟॎᆗԒȄ

έȃAFD/OM

ӻኵϐีߒϞ

OO

Ϸݙ೩ॎПݲȂΙૡᇯۡ

OM

࣏

OO

ПݲϞкौᒯю

[19]

ȂҢоජक़ސӇ໢Ϟᜰ߽ȂՄиӵ ၥଉفಛ೩ॎϛȂ

OM

஠հ࣏

OO

ၥਟ৲Ϟၥਟஅ዁

Ȟ

schema

ȟȄ

հཾ.

a

հཾ.

c հཾ.

b ޑᄘ-1

ޑᄘ-4 ޑᄘ-3

ޑᄘ-2

հཾ.

a

հཾ.

c հཾ.

b object-XϞٱӇყ

object-X

Ц Ц

Ц Ц

544     !"#$

X-A2

invoke

Y-A1 Y-A2 Y-A3

X-A1 x-in

y-out x-out

y-in

y-res(interaction) x-req

Object-X

Object-Y x-attribute1

x-attribute2

y-attribute2 y-attribute1

Input-buffer Output-buffer

Machine-2 Machine-1

Controller

Robot

5 %&'()*

1.ސӇ዁Ԓ

OM

./8ÚXŸ lm1x:Ûx

8jlm>xlmÜÝcԉŠ

[2]

‡

(

c

)

¹Glm)

aggregation; consits_of

*cx1

ÞxN G

(

ß

)

ŸPlm)

association; uses_a

*xj8àá5 s015EÞâ+Bã‚)

synchronization

* 88ŸPä8åsPæ)

fusion

*ç

(

è

)

PcԂlm)

generation; is_a

*xjéݽ

Àx8êëlm

IDEF1X[20]

cÔs-ì팍&9Z)

schema

*

Zhang[21]

îgV+ ïð8ñ@M‡

1.IDEF1X

òKŒ

Z ólm8¡¢ôÜ4õlm öPc Ô÷øù„Z ú,÷øÙûü9Z"#Œ

Z 

2.IDEF1X

7Výþ¡8ႀ]^ᎌPޱ

Þ÷øྜ೽

3.IDEF1X

ìíËÌ./8ŒZ +

,-୰ᚠ¡¢

4.IDEF1X

೺õܾ-ᐇ5೨ÑTМ௤S

IDEF1X

8]^¿M

Kusiak[22]

uగЅࢹ

[23]

Ϛ•

ٮҐbxZ 8ُ࡙ST

;

IDEF1X

7>¶cŽ‰Šc¹xᗤ೨Ñ

·Ѵپᗤ>xᗤ)

object key

*фc¹ശЍs ᒱ Õx8?@†Pxj8lm> ᒱÕ)

identifying

* lmфß໦€‚u ߨᒱÕ)

non-identifying

*lmф

è໦€‚ ᒱ½ួ)

discriminator

*cÔñ¿

8êëlm

rs

IDEF1X

¡¢./8xZ ‰ŠѲ·໦ࢲ

[22]

ॶӑؚ./y+঺ٲ4õגìZ)

to be

modeled

*uԩᒱÕ4õj8lmu಑èÙߨ

ñlm‚GñlmBCᒱÕÖᗤٮؚÖ ᗤ8êë֏uശࡣᒱÕN+ߨᗤ)

non-key

*?

6 IDEF0 +,-./012

7 3456789:

@ٮٌZ ᆠጝ‚

໌cã+l

IDEF1X

^7

OM

^j8KL-

Lai[24]

TМ>Ùڍޱlm§౩M‡

(1)

^c஻

IDEF1X

7KLc஻xlm7

(2)IDEF1X

7>4õKLݽzx

(3)IDEF1X

7>ƒ„4õKLy˜?@8lm

(4)IDEF1X

7>4õ?@KLݽ?@

(5)IDEF1X

^7>cÔlm)

relationship

^*KLŸP¹G

(6)IDEF1X

7>cÔÝ࠮lm)

generic-category

^*KL

êëlm

2.հཾࢺแყᇄސӇ዁ԒϞᐌӫ

b

AFD

Jxlm7#ᡗ@)

explicit

*kR./W XY#BC./yx8[X5E

-

./

y8೎౩|ו)

process

*a1cde5EܖN¹G

ശ9:85E#cY| ®ÙcٲåBܖխ85 EŸPGcZ¹Z¹j8dŸܖញÓ01ڳѩ)

invoke

* Ѵഋ5EM¡¢«¬./>xj8ŸP௑ל x

[X#„໔¡#‡

(1)

xy:Ûfgfi[X8 Pæ®#«¬Œྛ

(2)

ˆcx8fg[X#Ѫc x8fi[X ו°ŸP8lm

(3)

`·xå sB8fi[XŒྛ8ås

(4)

^`·xås

B8fg[XᓽԆୢ8ås

M7

5

Nx

-X

-¾Y5E

A2

C01Ѵഋ

dŸx

-Y

85E

A4

rs

AFD

Z ¡¢

OO

./

¡¢8ã᡽‰Š‡

;<=‡ࡸw./8ሯؑ¡¢./y·½x8Y

>?@AB*
/C5DEFGHIJKL 545

8 M

1



#rs

IDEF0 Leaf

NGH81Q8ŸP

 IJ)

encapsulate

*¶cZ¹y85E

?@

-

?@‹K‚Lg9:

AFD



;<M‡ÙãCc89:ÀZ¹8

AFD

1QMrs

IDEF0

NGHNOiÀZ¹8Á])îP

IDEF/Import/*.IDP

*-cã§PGÊQQ)

high

level

*8

AFD

¾Y•|M7

6

N

;<N‡01KŒ>ås¡¢RógŒØxvw4

°5Y{|¡¢xjàá5s Z ‚ ÊËÌ8./

;<‡BCOi

IDEF1X

8

OM

rs

IDEF0



8

AFD

rs

IDEF0

GH8?@§PÁ]

)

IDEF0/Glossary/IDEF0/1X Integration

*SW Å ™ N

Attribute-icom

 K L T U  ) Ž #

*.imf

*

;<O‡*¡¢xàá5s7¡¢?@?@

‹Õ¹Plm…€c&V+KL8?

@

ѲȃAFD/OM ӵՌଢ଼ϽᇧഅفಛϞϷݙ

:q WX 8Y­Z#¿[\rs

AFD/OM

$

;Y­Z8¡¢•|ucÔ;

AMS

¡¢

/

Q‰Š.

·Q'caM]Z ‚./ßaM]rs

õ­V^$:q WX Y­8

AMS

#¿;Z ‚Q'Q

AFD



OM

[\_`‚¡¢•|u;

rs­V^$8Q'Q%

IDEF0



IDEF1X

s

õª,§õZ ‚8Ÿ

1.

AMS

89:¹G#Y­ZcÔY­Z89:¹G

%‰ŠY­Z¹abZ¹>Y­Z¹‰Š.cY­

deY­d̗

1

Y­d̗

2

fcczabZ¹‰Š‡c cabdeghzccAifi­8jAkccA ifgÅl8jAkumnM7

7

8N

:o1

AMS

85E|4M‡

(

c

)

­J
fijAZ

(

^ß

)

deghÙ­in;Y­d̗

1

5Y­d̗

2



(

è

)

Y­d̗

1

5Y­d̗

2

Y­

( )

deghÙ­bY­dóg

(

p

)

deghÙ­infgjAZQ

(

q

)

r­\g

Ãdegh8ab| zY­d̗

1

̗

2

8Y­|

-Y­stÒ;º»s¨©>

2. AFD/OM 

rs

3.2

qNR

AFD/OM

8¡¢ãC"#Z ‚.

/8Y#Ö×a ./5E{|#Öř

AMS

^8{

|Z Ö×u;-D5E8vwŽx1

IDEF0

5E{|77<‚>

AMS

^{yN+5Eyy }

¸³´xŒØ8{|°Aµ)

label

*

%x8?@‹

"#vw

AMS

9:¹Gz‡Y­d M

1

 M

2

8 5E{|¡¢Ù

IDEF0

5E{|7M7

8

7

9



'Ù·½¹Gz M

1

 M

2

8

AFD

Dw

3.2

q ãCß01

IDEF0

1Q8d»Ù Gz{

¹GQQ

AFD

ŸM7

10

N

|*¡¢Y­}z8?@xŒØ01~

Ó[XK$¹P 01

IDEF1X

^Lg

part

product OutB-ready

InB-ready Rob-ready

Setup-loading2

A21 Reset-loading2

A22 Setup-cutting2

A23 Reset-cutting2

A24 Setup-unloading2

A25 Reset-unloading2 A26 loading2

loading2c

cutting2

cutting2c

unloading2 M2-ready

command

Rob-ready

546     !"#$

Process-M1

A1

P. 2

Process-M2

A2

P. 3

part

product command

M2-ready M1-ready

OutB-ready InB-ready

Rob-ready

9 M

2



10 AMS 

./y¹Gxjàá5s8

OM

^lm7ŸM7

11

^

* Y­}z#¿§P

AFD



OM

8?@

xίDw

3.2

qãC ãCpìíN

attri-

bute-icom

KLTUA-

IDEF0

§PTU€y

îP#

IDEF0/Export/*.imf

^{řŸMc}

Ϥȃଆ፣

¡¢fÜ

OO

Z 8‚ƒA;c&„ST8 …¿M

Chow



Yeung[25]

Gg è·‡c#

OO

Z `u8 Sß#M]rs

OO

Z ./

§õY#è#rs

OO

Z •|>a Y#Z †5Ÿ Z #>‡)

structure-centered

*ˆ

"#+lZ ·`8STQcÔsc·Z ‰

¬GN+ŒŠ;c‹8è·Z %ÙÁ]Y#

Z ·½¡¢¬GŒ{Ë)

redundant

*:G

g

AFD/OM

$ .·Z ¡¢%#F

ß;§PY#QMbQQŒ¡^

 ¿M

[26]

Ž;ã¡¢!H$./

§õY#¬G./‘@8’“]rsZ

¹{ËÇs)

reusability

*8ïð@”u:$%#

part

product OutB-ready

InB-ready

command Rob-ready

Setup-loading1

A11 Reset-loading1 A12

Setup-cutting1

A13 Reset-cutting1

A14 Setup-unloading1

A15 Reset-unloading1 A16 loading1

loading1c

cutting1

cutting1c

unloading1 Rob -ready M1-ready

M1-ready

>?@AB*
/C5DEFGHIJKL 547

machine-no machine-function

˖˨˧˧˜ˡ˚ˀˠ˔˖˛˜ˡ˘

type

handling-no handling-function

˛˔ˡ˗˟˜ˡ˚ˀ˘ˤ˨˜ˣˠ˘ˡ˧

category Ams-no

machine-no (FK) handling-no (FK)

˔ˠ˦

part-no part-name finishing-time

ˣ˔˥˧

part-no (FK) handling-no (FK)

˛˔ˡ˗˟˜ˡ˚ˀˣ˔˥˧

part-no (FK) machine-no (FK)

ˠ˔˖˛˜ˡ˘ˀˣ˔˥˧

machine-no (FK) M1-status

ˠ˄

machine-no (FK) M2-status

ˠ˅

handling-no (FK) Rob-status

˥ˢ˕ˢ˧

handling-no (FK) Inb-status

˜ˡˀ˕

handling-no (FK) Outb-status

ˢ˨˧ˀ˕

handled-by

handles produced-by

produces

composed-of composed-of

11 AMS C5

= AFD  OM PQ/0RSDT

attribute-icom loading1 loading1c cutting1 cutting1c unloading1 Rob-ready InB-ready OutB-ready

M1 M1-status X X X X X

IN-B

Inb-status X

OUT-B

Outb-status X

ROBOT

Rob-status X

M C5U0VW

¯°•u Y#Z Á]Z xZ ñ@ º»{ Œ{ ÚXŸ 

9p [Xde fg

/

fi

_`lm Œ&/T

¹G 5s[Xzfizfg

5Ezº» xzlm

–— 1Q–— 1Q–— OP

lm |4@ @ ¥j@

4 º»e ˜| kR./Ÿ 

­V

AFD(IDEF0) AFD(IDEF0) OM(IDEF1X)

·½Z¹8Y#|*™~ …€§PGšZ¹8{Ë Çs‘@

*; ]#>‡Q1-;«¬./8¡¢

a x{#‹–†H#

IDEF0

›gx{|

*KL8º»ŒØ./®a

AFD

8Y#Z

#>‡

n-§õ§P8–—:b

IDEF

^œ§P

T;§P°QA;c&ž:8‚ƒ¿M

[23,26]

a b1QQ"6$“–§P

IDEF0



IDEF1X



:%b1Qs

OO

§P

;Ÿ s

AFD/OM

$¡¢( q

AMS

¿ À¡E×c÷¢.·£­5¤B¥8

OMT

¡

¢¡E×c÷¢è·£­5¤q¦8CjÖ×

#¦—ìíÁ]Z ¡¢­V

IDEF0



IDEF1X

:Û 8 -Çs§¨ÙfÜ

OO

Z DwB8¿M

9p¹Gzñ@z¡¢–—4Q8­VOP

IMß8Ÿ

ϲȃ๖! ፣

1-;

OO

œ>x‰˜Œ|45Ev®

:NGg8

AFD/OM

$;|45EWXY#a1

AFD

ŒŸ xlma1

OM

01

AMS

8¡¢2;;©ªŒØ8sG

rs8Z `u¡¢uA./

:[\Ls

AFD/OM

$01cÔs­VM

IDEF

.±­V !«P

OO

¡¢¦—ñ8

OM

­V

®’“•|8ËÌ@¬Ÿ

AFD/OM

^$8{×

ñ@M‡

1.

Ggc·./‚¡¢«¬./$

548     !"#$

2.

îg

AFD

Þ

OO

7<Z 8jKL"6

3.

ìí

OO

Á]Z 8€_`9p

4.

rss

IDEF

.±õ­V¡¢./§P>?

5.

@Œ¡¢./b¹Gz­®a1Q8–—Gš

Ž8{s@)

reuse

*

-cã8¯°‰Š.·°‡c#4±²Ù

AFD/OM

$Ls-4³«¬./Q4´)

emprical

*

¡¢u?c°%#/T9p)

foundation

^*±²;-ì

퀁‚)

formal

*89p µ¶c&ïð@”Mc Ð@5€µ@


 

1. Eckert, G., and Golder, P., “Improving Object-Oriented Analysis,” Information and Software Technology Vol. 36, No. 2, pp.67-86 (1994).

2. Rumbaugh, J., Blaha, M., Premerlani, W., Eddy, F. and Lorensen, W., Object-Oriented Modeling and Design , Prentice-Hall (1991).

3. Yourden, E., and Coad, P., Object Oriented Analysis. 2nd edn, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ (1991).

4. Martin, J. and Odell J. J., Object-Oriented Analysis and Design, Prentice-Hall (1992).

5. Booch, G., Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications , 2nd edn., Benjamin/Cummings (1994).

6. Iivari, J., “Object-Orientation as Structured, Functional and Behavioural Modelling: A Comparison of Six Meth- ods for Object-Oriented Analysis,” Information and Soft- ware Technology, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp.155-163 (1995).

7. Kowal, J. A., Behavior Models: Specifying User’s Expec- tations , Prentice-Hall (1992).

8. Cargouri, F., Ducateau, C. F. and Boufares, F., “Towards a Generic Model for Object-Oriented Information System Modelling,” Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 8, pp.31-39 (1997).

9. Moreira, A. M. D., and Clark, R. G., “Rigorous Object- Oriented Analysis,” Lecture Notes in Computer-Science, Springer-Verlag, Vol. 858, pp.65-78 (1994).

10. Wang, L. C., “An Integrated Object-Oriented Petri Net Paradigm for Manufacturing Control Systems,” Interna- tional Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing , Vol. 9, No. 1, pp.73-87 (1996).

11. Botta, V., Guinet, A., and Boulle, D., “Object-Oriented Analysis with Structured and Integrated Specifications and Solutions (OASISS) for Production System Control,”

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 8, pp.3-14 (1997).

12. Liu, C. M., Chien, C. F., and Ho, L. Y. “An Ob- ject-Oriented Analysis and Design Method for Shop Floor Control System,” International Journal of Computer Inte-

grated Manufacturing , Vol. 11, No. 5, pp.379-400 (1998).

13. FIPS 183, Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0) . National Institute of Standards and Technology (1993).

14. Guarino, N., “Concepts, Attributes and Arbitrary Rela- tions-some Linguistic and Criteria for Structuring Knowl- edge Bases,” Data and Knowledge Engineering, North- Holland, Vol. 8, pp.249-261 (1992).

15. Ilugun, K., Kemmerer, R. A., and Porras, A., “State Tran- sition Analysis: A Rule-Based Intrusion Detection Ap- proach,” IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering , Vol.

21, No. 3, pp.181-199 (1995).

16. Barendregt, H. P., The Lambda Calculus – Its Syntax and Semantics , North-Holland (1984).

17. Costa, J. F., Sernadas, A., Sernadas, C., and Ehrich, H. D.,

“Object Interaction,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science , Springer-Verlag, Vol. 629, pp.200-208 (1992).

18. Marca, D., and McGowan, C. L., SADT Structured Analy- sis and Design Technique, McGraw-Hill, NY. (1988) 19. Ayre, J., Wilkie, F. G., and Hughes, J. G., “An Approach

to the Design of Object Associations,” Information and Software Technology, Vol. 37, No. 8, pp.443-451 (1995).

20. FIPS 184, Integration Definition for Information Modeling (IDEF1X) . National Institute of Standards and Technology (1993).

21. Zhang, J., Chuah, B., Cheung, E., and Deng, Z., “Informa- tion Modelling for Manufacturing Systems: A Case Study,” Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp.217-225 (1996).

22. Kusiak, A., Letsche, T., and Zakarian, A., “Data Model- ling with IDEF1X,” International Journal of Computer Integrated manufacturing , Vol. 10, No. 6, pp.470-486 (1997).

23.

š·z¸¹º¨©§P«¬»

IDEF

^œ§P‡

IDEF0

^

IDEF1X

^¼

Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers , Vol. 15, No. 1, pp.83-94 (1998).

24. Lai, H. F., “Applying IDEF1X Data Model to Develop a Hole Machining Tools Selection System,” Proceedings of the 1998 CIIE National Conference , pp. 264-270 (1998).

25. Chow, P. K. O., and Yeung, D. S., “Behavioural Model- ling in Object-Oriented Methodology,” Information and Software Technology, Vol. 38, pp.657-666 (1996).

26. Liang, G. R., and Hong, H. M., “Hierarchy Transforma- tion Method to Manufacturing System Specification, De- sign, Verification, and Implementation,” Computer-Inte- grated Manufacturing System , Vol. 7, pp.191-205 (1994).

88 ½ 06 £ 11 ¾¿ ÀÁ 88 ½ 12 £ 28 ¾¿ Â 89 ½ 05 £ 07 ¾¿ Ë 90 ½ 06 £ 08 ¾¿ !Ã