「玩」作為一種族群認同生成的策略：四個Pangcah/Amis（阿美族）豐年祭的比較研究

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୯ҥᆵ᡼εᏢЎᏢଣΓᜪᏢس(܌) ᅺγፕЎ

Department or Graduate Institute of Anthropology College of Liberal Arts

National Taiwan University Master Thesis

Ȩވȩբࣁ΋ᅿ௼ဂᇡӕғԋޑ฼ౣǺ

ѤঁPangcah/AmisȐߓऍ௼ȑᙦԃ౼ޑКၨࣴز

“Play” As a Kind of Strategy about Ethnic Identity Generate:

A comparative study of four Pangcah/Amis people’s “Ilisin”

ritual(festival)

ᖴറখ

Fotol P, K Hsieh

ࡰᏤ௲௤ȅЦఘᗪ റγ Advisor:Meshia,Wang Doctor

ύ๮҇୯ 100 ԃ 8 Д

August, 2011

!

Aray han ako

^-

ᖴᇞ

ፕЎбఌ߻ޑ೭΋څǴय़ჹᖴᇞޑኗቪǴࠅ΋ਔϐ໔ᜤаΠ฽Ƕ޸ΑӭΦਔ໔ֹԋǴъ

ঁᏢයǻѤԃǻΖԃǻ Mangudu sanay to koraፕЎǴ੿ޑόӳཀࡘǴ္य़܌ੋϷίԃٰ

Pangcah/AmisΓޕ᛽ᡏسޑ΋ϪǴёૈਥҁόࢂך܌౛ှޑ೭ኬǶբࣁޕ᛽៙៾Πޑౢނǵ όѳ฻ޑਜቪ៾Κᜢ߯ǴᏧϙሶ೭ঁΒΜ൳ྃλЛᓐޑܿՋૈӧύѧკਜᓔ္ࢬ໺ǻ੿ޑࡐ ಚཎǶӢԜǴ܌ᒏ੿ჴޑǵ࠼ᢀޑǴ٠όӧךޑፕЎϣ৒ –Ψ೚ࢌ೽ϩࢂ-բࣁΓᜪᏢޑᏢಞ ޣǴӭԃٰ܌Ꮲډޑࢂ೭ኬǺ౳࿊܌࣮ډޑࢂӢࣁך܌གྷ࣮ډԶ࣮ډǶӢԜգॺ܌࣮ډޑځ ჴࢂFotol೭ঁΓ΋ၡԶٰޑىၞǴࢂၟ๱дوǴόӄฅࢂၟ๱೽ပǶ

࣬ၨϣ৒Ǵҁᖴᇞάჱࣁന੿ჴޑӸӧǶ२ӃाགᖴךޑР҆ǵৎΓǴ΋ޔԾ໹ܭȨ᠐

ࣴز܌όࢂࣁΑπբǴԶࢂ΋ҽ౛གྷᆶד཰ȩޑךځჴࢂР҆౳ύࡐόᔉ٣ޑ࠸ηǴՠவٰ

ؒԖҺՖΓߔኙךޑགྷݤǴգॺ܌଺ޑ൩ࢂᡏፊǵЍ࡭ךǴय़ჹᒃ϶Ǵգॺ੿ޑࡐᜤှញᐱ ηډۭӧ଺ϙሶǻ ךངգॺǴ΋፸ηǴΠ፸η೿ाբգॺޑλ࠸Ƕ

ךाགᖴךޑࡰᏤ௲௤ЦఘᗪԴৣǴᆶα၂ہ঩ቅᘫᄭǵጰࡹؼԴৣॺǶЦఘᗪԴৣம ࠂޑЈ᠌ӧα၂ֹࡕ࿣όՐၢ୏Զ౓സ୥ଚǴᓸΚࢂך܌೷ԋޑǴ΋ၡаٰǴԴৣ܌๏ϒך ޑԾҗࢂ߻܌҂ـޑǴय़ჹӵԜȨόڂࠠޑࣴزғȩǴ৮܂КȨߚڂࠠޑࢬՉ܄གߵȩ׳ᓐ ภǴՠࢂԴৣவ҂ܫకၸךǼ؂΋ԛޑᆫ཮ᕴࢂߏၲѤঁដᓐа΢ޑࡰᏤǴ္य़܌૸ፕޑᇻ ᇻຬၸך܌ቪޑǴคݤךЋቪךαࢂ΋εᒪᏬǴՠԴৣޑࡰᏤࠅ೿ӧЈ္Ǵך཮஥๱Ѭᝩុ

߻຾ǶቅᘫᄭԴৣࢂӧύࣴଣ҇௼܌ޑԴᗥǴՠЈ္ԐעӴ྽բࢂۊۊ΋ኬǴவғࢲӚቫय़ ډᏢೌ૽ግޑᜢᚶǴࣗԿϟಏܱܿޑSraߓ࠰ڐշךೀ౛ӚᅿيЈᡫޑᜤᜢǴ൳Яࢂᜤаࣁൔ ೭ኬǶ΋ԛԛၟ๱Դৣπբǵ຾рҖഁǴԴৣᑞஏޑπբᄊࡋᆶ၈ᔊޑҖഁᜢᚶǴךᗋৡޑ ᇻΑǶጰࡹؼԴৣǴځჴך܌ዕ஼ޑࢂKaka FuturuǶၟך΋ኬӜӷࢂȨ੿تΓȩޑKaka΋ޔ وӧךޑ߻य़Ǵך൳Яࢂ࣮๱KakaޑङቹᡣךԖ߿਻ӧPangcahޑ୯ৎᄌᄌߏεǴόၸԴჴᇥ খ࣮ډKakaޑറγፕЎਔך߈Я஝ው-೭ঁتΓޑགྷݤၟךֹӄ΋ኬǴࢂӢࣁךॺ೿ћ଺Ȩೈ

ೈȩঢঢ༏ǻ׆ఈεৎ࣮ډ೭ࢤᖴᇞਔǴ཮ޕၰךؒԖכ᠍୚Ƕα၂ය໔ǴΟՏԴৣ๏ךк ϩޑঅׯޜ໔ǴΞ๏ךವεޑࡰ௲ᆶႴᓰǴ೭ਥҁόࢂቪፕЎǴԶࢂ௲ךӵՖғࢲǵڥ֎ǵ

଺ΓǶ

ᖴᖴך܌ਜቪޑѤঁ೽ပǴٗΓǵٗ٣ǵٗᡫǶؒԖଭϼ᎟ޑ๧ᅕၟLisinךਥҁόёૈ

а΋ঁܻ϶ޑيҽᇡ᛽Ȩ܎ۭ϶ၡȩǴךಃ΋ঁୖᆶၸޑAwidǴࡐᎈΓޑӣᏫǹම୯᛫ǵഋ ቆᄪFakiࢂᇥࡺ٣๏ך᠋ޑΓǴࡐΦ࣮ؒډFakiΑǴࡐགྷۺٗ΋݆ԯଚǵٗТԣ༠ǶෝαǴࢂ

iii

೭ೱុΟԃࡑനΦޑӦБǴգॺޑௗયႽࢂ҆ᒃޑЋǴคᖂค৲ޑхᙟ๱ךǴӧཀ᛽ډԾρ ςӸӧܭ೭ঁ೽ပ߻ǴIna Raraς࿶ᇥाᔅך଺ՊܺΑ-ٗࢂ΋፸ηޑ٣௃-ךࡐག୏գॺǶIna SumiǴځჴ؂ԛ࣮ډாך೿཮ࡐᆙ஭ǴӢࣁԾρᔉளϼϿΑǴΞόӳཀࡘୢǴቪрΑ೭ኬޑ ፕЎǴѝૈᇥࢂ໘ࢤ܄ޑբࠔǴڶқᇥךᜫཀ޸׳ӭޑԃДٰၟیᏢಞǴ൩வوၡ໒ۈփǶ 2009-2011ԃޑPalananayᡣךၟ๱΋ଆӞ໭ǴᗋؒԖᐒ཮ں᝘գॺǴѝࢂ΋ޔܡྣǴΨ೚Ԗ΋

ϺǴךૈऀ΢ՊܺǴکգॺઠȐᏯȑӧ΋ଆǴӵ݀գॺᜫཀޑ၉ǶႝӀޑ஭࿤ғǵ໳଼ቺFaki

ࢂႝӀക࿯๏ךനӭޑߏޣǴচҁѺᆉֹӄаႝӀբࣁࢎᄬޑኗቪǴՠךว౜Ǵך܌ޕၰޑ ᗋࢂϼϿǶځჴ΋ޔΨࢂࡐᏼЈ৾೭ҁፕЎӣѐ๏FakiॺǴӢࣁѬᗋଛό΢ா܌๏ϒךޑǴ ՠך཮၂๱߿ඪǴ൩ႽႝӀΓӧ೭΋ТβӦ΋ኬǴᗨฅ൳ԭԃٰາٰາѐǴࠅᗋࢂࡐոΚԶ

߿ඪޑࣁԾρബ೷΋ТؔβǶཥᅽٚޑӚՏ৮܂ࢂനӞᡋޑǴךቪ຾ѐΑǴٗࢂӢࣁգॺ܌

஥๏ךޑག୏Ǵᆶٗ΋ϺԾҗԾӧǵคܥค״ޑ໕፾Ǵ৮܂ࢂך҉ғᜤבޑǴᖴᖴHafayǶ

ࡹεམᝳ᡼ޗࢂךޑ໒ۈǴך܌ዕ஼ޑ΋Ϫࢂգॺ๏ךޑǴ᝵᝵ǵৎࢃǵΒΜǵߓऍǵ

๧ᅕǵSawmahǵৎ٫ǵ߷ةǵSikoǵIkingǵ٫ދǵߓᛈǵЎဖǴவգॺي΢ௗၸٰӆ໺ΠѐǴ ਖ਼ӑޑࢂόёૈܓྐޑӣᏫǶ

Ȩ܎మൣȩ໘ભࢂךޑ࣯จǵךޑߏҟǵךޑዹҡǶӃவsafaᖱǴLawayǴࡐᖴᖴգޑܫ ᇸ᚞ǴᡣךፕЎόӆᆙᕲᕲǴ࣮ډգޑ዗௃Ǵך࣮ډΑ೭ঁ҇௼ޑਥǼSraǴٗሶࡇǴፂ൩ჹ ΑߓǴ࣮ډգჹܭ҆ᇟၟЎϯޑ዗၈Ǵך೿᝚ΑǴךॺ΋ԔǴգ஥ך֔ǶKacawၟTipusǴᖴ ᖴգॺᡣךಖܭΞр౜Αӕԃសޑܻ϶ǼKacawգޑॄೢᆶಒᑨᡣךᇡ᛽ډΑϙሶћ଺

PangcahتΓǴTipusی߿ඪޑՉ୏کᑞஏޑࡘԵᡣך࣮ډΑϙሶћ଺PangcahޑζΓǴࡐӳޑ

ܻ϶ǴKamuǶࢨةᏢߏၟLamoloǴα၂߻๏ךЍ࡭ޑࢂգॺǴգॺޑႴᓰکࡺ٣ǴଏҴࡕך

཮ѐᚃ࣮࣮ٗ΋ঁך΋ޔࡐགྷाޑფགྷǹΨᖴᖴYawi. Sayunα၂ٗϺٰᔅךܡЋǴ΋ၡ΢ᔅ ԆךޑԖգǶ

ӵ݀ഭΠനࡕΟΜࣾགᖴǴεৎᔈ၀౒ޑډך཮ᖱፔǶ

DaongǴ೭ሶӭޑܻ϶္Ǵգଛள΢AliwޑঁӷǴգࢂךޑ׌׌Ǵ೭፸ηǴOk༏ǻך܌཮

ޑǴգ܌཮ޑǴעѬୠԋ΋२ᄺփǴ൩Ⴝ೭ҁፕЎځჴգࢂӅӕբޣ΋ኬǶ

Langus LavalianǴவךӧཥԮ൩ӧךޑيᜐǴ΋ޔډኗቪፕЎֹ౥ޑ೭΋څǴ؂΋Ϻǵ؂΋

ϩǵ؂΋ࣾǴ؂΋കǵ؂΋ӷǴ߈ٿίঁϼ໚Дߝ္ی҉ᇻԖᒤݤྣ៝ǵࡶՐךޑᡫሲǴᡣ ך຾ΕیޑғࢲၟғڮǴ౥཰ΑǴಖܭёаӸᒲວ፜ΑǴᖴᖴیǶ

Ȩވȩբࣁ΋ᅿ௼ဂᇡӕғԋޑ฼ౣǺ

Ѥঁ Pangcah/AmisȐߓऍ௼ȑᙦԃ౼ޑКၨࣴز

“Play” As a Kind of Strategy about Ethnic Identity Generate:

A comparative study of four Pangcah/Amis people’s “Ilisin”

ritual(festival)

ᖴറখȐFotol P, K Hsiehȑ

ᄔा

䔞ẋPangcah/AmisṢ炷旧伶㕷炸䘬ˬ寸⸜䤕炷䭨炸˭㳣≽㬟䴻⢾悐㓧㱣䴻㾇䳸㥳⼙枧炻

⣂㔠㚦㬟䴻ˬ 彎-⽑㋗˭䘬忶䦳炻䤕₨⿏岒Ṏ䓙⬿㔁徸㻠廱㎃䁢㕷佌シ嬀䘬⎔╂ẍ⍲⎹⢾䓴

⯽䣢冒ㆹ䘬䘤倚ˤ⛐ˬ寸⸜䤕˭䤕₨/䭨ㄞᷕ㇨⯽䎦䘬⎬䧖㔯⊾⃫䳈㚱℞ᾳ⇍⋨➇ˣ悐句䘬ῷ 慵炻⎴㗪Ṏ⍿⢾悐㓧㱣䴻㾇䳸㥳冯㬟⎚ね⠫䘬⼙枧-䈡⇍㗗役䘦⸜Ἦ⚳⭞≃慷䘬⻟⊊冯屯㛔ᷣ

佑䴻㾇䘬㶙⊾忶䦳-侴㚱℞ℏ⢾彗嫱䘬斄Ὢ炻᷎✳⟹Ḯ⎬⛘寸⸜䤕炷䭨炸ᶵ⎴䘬㧋尴ˤ 㛔婾㔯德忶⚃ᾳ悐句烉剙咖䷋⃱⽑悱楔⣒朵炷Fata’an炸ˣ剙咖䷋寸㾙悱㷗⎋炷Makotaay炸ˣ 冢㜙䷋斄Ⱉ捖暣⃱炷Kaadaadaan炸冯㕘䤷慴悐句䘬㭼庫炻䘤䎦⛐₨⺷忶䦳冯₨⺷ᷳ⢾䘬⟜⎰

ᷕ炻德忶⎬栆㔯⊾⃫䳈䘬⯽㺼ˣ忲㇚ˣ㇚媼斄Ὢ䓇ㆸ㽫䁰䘬㕷佌ˣ悐句シ嬀冯娵⎴炻℞ᷕ忲

㇚冯㇚媼斄Ὢ㗗忶⍣䞼䨞侭庫仢᷷斄㆟䘬朊⎹炻⚈㬌㚠⮓䘬ˬ寸⸜䤕˭㳩㕤朄ン䘬↮㜸炻侴 嬻Ṣ䃉㱽䎮妋㕷佌シ嬀㗗⛐Ṩ湤㧋䘬傰䴉ᷕ䓇ㆸ炻ḇ䃉㱽冒℞ᷕ柀㚫Pangcah/AmisṢ䓇㳣伶

⬠ᷕ⸥満ˣ娤媏炻䓂军㗗ˬℵ劎ḇ天䪹˭䘬⤏⥁ˤ

德忶ね䵺忁栆ᷣ奨ねデ䘬娖慳冯㚠⮓炻⼿ẍ⍵⿅ˣℵ娖慳忶⍣Ṣ栆⬠㖊⭂㧉⺷䘬䞼䨞ˤ 朊⮵⚃ᾳ悐句寸⸜䤕炷䭨炸㳣≽冯㖍ⷠ䓇㳣ᷕ悥⎗ẍ夳⇘䘬ˬ䍑˭炻㛔婾㔯德忶㎃ⶍˣ⣂枛

⿏炷墯枛炸䘬㺼ⓙ⼊⺷ᷕˬ㖊䪞䇕⍰⎰ἄ˭ˣˬ㈦⮳傥≃ᶲ㕿溻䚠䔞䘬⍳Ờ˭䫱㤪⾝炻㍊䳊 ḮPangcah/AmisṢ⛐䎮゛䓇㳣℠䭬-Fangcalay炷伶⤥炸冯Makapahay炷ὲ伶炸䘬徥㯪忶䦳ᷕ炻 ˬMangudu˭炷ᶵ⤥シ⿅炸 䁢㶙Ⰼ䘬ね䵺㟠⽫炻妋㰢⎬栆䣦㚫斄Ὢᶵ⸛堉冯堅䨩䘬⊾妋炻

᷎ẍ⎬䧖娤媏ˣ㇚媼䘬⼊⺷⯽䎦ˤ

v

䔞ẋ寸⸜䤕ᷕ炻昌Ḯᶲ徘㔯⊾天䳈-婆妨ˣ㚵梦ˣ㦪准ˣ⸜漉昶䳂-䫱ἄ䁢䣦佌怲䓴⼘栗 䘬➢⸽⢾炻ˬ忲㇚˭㈖㺼Ḯ㔜⎰ˣ⋼⓮⎬栆䔘岒Ṣ佌䘬㨇⇞炻㎃妨ᷳˬ䍑⛐ᶨ崟˭ㆸ䁢妠䘤 㕷佌娵⎴シ嬀䓇ㆸ䘬䫾䔍炻侴忁ㆾ姙ᶵ⎒㗗䔞ẋね⠫ᶳ䘬䓊䈑炻侴㗗㬟⎚傰䴉ᶳ䘬⺞临ˤ 斄

斄挝娆烉旧伶㕷ˣ䣦㚫嬲怟ˣ忲㇚ˣ㇚媼斄Ὢˣ⯽㺼ˣね䵺Ṣ栆⬠

ȸPlay” As a Kind of Strategy about Ethnic Identity Generate:

A comparative study of four Pangcah/Amis people’s “Ilisin”

ritual(festival)

Hsieh, P.K Fotol

Abstract

Because of external social political-economical structure, most of Pangcah/Amis “Ilsin” ritual (festival) had been experienced process from “Close down” to “Revival”. The ritual nature also transform from religion to ethnic identity. Cultural element displayed in “Ilsin” ritual depends on its own regional or historical context, especially the predominant of modern country and the intension of capitalism.

I try to use 4 Pangcah/Amis tribe: Ma-Tai-An (Fata’an), Gang-Kau (Makotaay), Dien-Koang ( Kaadaadaan), Sin-Fu-Li for example to illustrate “Play as a Kind of Strategy about Ethnic Identity Generate”. By the performance of variously cultural element, play, and joking relationship the Pangcah/Amis people reconstruct relation with others and self.

Through work-exchange, polyphony we could find the concept of “Competition while cooperation” and further explore “Mangudu”- feel embarrassed- as a key point to understanding Pangcah/Amis people how to use humor, joke and play to solve unbalanced social relation and potential conflict.

Contemporary “Ilsin” ritual (festival), in addition to the cultural elements - language, dress, music and dance, age class - such as the highlight of the ethnic boundary, the "Play" act on integration, consultation mechanisms for various types of heterogeneous populations. In other words, "Play with each other" a sense of ethnic identity to generate the trigger strategy, which is probably not just a product of contemporary situations, but under a continuation of historical context.

Key point: Amis/PangcahˣEthnicityˣSocial changeǵEmotionǵJoking relationshipǵPerformance

Ҟ

Ҟ ᒵ

α၂ہ঩཮ቩۓਜ………..… i

ᇞᖴ………...ii

ύЎᄔा……… ….iv

मЎᄔा………..…vi

ಃ΋ക ᆣፕ…..………...1

ಃ΋࿯ ࣴز୏ᐒ……….1

ಃΒ࿯ ࣴزጄൎ……….2

΋ǵϩᜪس಍ޑόӕ……….2

ΒǵѦ೽ࡹݯ࿶ᔮङඳޑৡ౦……….3

Οǵᙦԃ౼܌և౜ޑ౜ຝ……….4

ಃΟ࿯ ࣴزୢᚒᆶୢᚒཀ᛽………5

΋ǵѦ೽ࡹݯ࿶ᔮ่ᄬޑቹៜ…………..………...5

Βǵᆫ཮ޑཀကǴࡕϺჴ፬ᓬӃܭӃϺޑਥҁ፟ϒ………..……….6

Οǵ௃ᆣΓᜪᏢޑفࡋᆶӆ၍ញޑ҇௼דၗ਑……….6

ಃѤ࿯ Ў᝘ӣ៝………...………6

΋ǵޗ཮ᡂᎂ౛ፕ……….……….………...6

Βǵ௃ᆣΓᜪᏢ……….……….……….………...8

Οǵ௼ဂ౛ፕ………..….….………..8

ಃϖ࿯ ക࿯Ӽ௨ᆶࢎᄬ………….….………...9

ಃϤ࿯ ࣴزБݤᆶၸำ…………...………11

΋ǵϸࡘᆶץղǴբࣁќ΋ᅿБݤޑ໒ۈ………….……….11

Βǵ຾ΕǴޗ཮يҽޑᕇठ……….………..12

ΟǵБݤǺ๊ჹޑ࿶ᡍЬက/ၸำǺҗғڮ࿶ᡍբࣁન׷………..13

ಃΒക Pangcah/Amis ЎϯޑӅӕ܄ᆶৡ౦܄………..15

ಃ΋࿯ ௼Ӝᆶس಍ϩᜪ………..16

ಃΒ࿯ ΓαǵӦ౛ᆶ྽жϩѲ………18

ಃΟ࿯ ޗ཮่ᄬ………...21

΋ǵ҆سޗ཮ᆶৎޑ૸ፕ………...22

ΒǵӦጔϯࡹݯಔᙃ-ԃស໘ભޑ૸ፕ………...26

ಃѤ࿯ ࿶ᔮࢲ୏………..28

΋ǵаλԯࣁЬ१ޑਔය………..28

ΒǵНዿϷаނܰނޑਔය………..29

ΟǵНዿϷඤڗ೤ჾբނࣁЬाᅿ෌ਔය………..30

ѤǵНዿᆶߚၭ཰ԏΕ٠ख़ਔය………...30

ಃϖ࿯ ے௲ߞһ………...30

ಃϤ࿯ λ่………...33

ಃΟക Fata’anȐଭϼ᎟ȑIlisinȐᙦԃ౼ȑύޑԃសಔϕೖᆶئ៿ޑᆫ཮...35

ಃ΋࿯ ङඳǴҗђԿϞǴࣗԖҽໆޑεࠠ೽ပ....………35

ಃΒ࿯ Fata’an ޑԃស໘ભ-Awid………37

ಃΟ࿯Ȩε཮ȩޑᙦԃ౼౜൑………..………..39

ಃѤ࿯ ᕴ೽ޑᆫ཮ᆶԃស໘ભϕೖ………..………...41

ಃϖ࿯ ԃស໘ભϣ೽Γဂ౦፦܄ᆶ೴؁ࡌҥޑӅӕགྷႽ……..…………44

ಃѤക MakotaayȐෝαȑIlisinȐᙦԃ౼ȑύᎩᑫ࿯Ҟᝡᖻᆶ৖ᄽ……...48

ಃ΋࿯ ે๎Ǵբࣁεೕኳਓчᚆໂޑ྽ж………...49

ಃΒ࿯ ྽ж௃ნΠޑ Ilisin ᙦԃ౼ᆶ൑ୱޑೲቪ….…….………..51

ಃΟ࿯ Ꭹᑫ࿯Ҟ-ྖዽޑ৖ᄽǵᝡᖻ………...55

ಃѤ࿯ ׀ᖂ-ᚆໂᆶ߇ໂϐ໔Ǵ௃ᆣ΢ޑޜқ……….………….58

ಃϖക KaadaadaanȐႝӀȑMalikudaȐᙦԃ౼ȑ-όӧ൑ޑߙԃᆶ྽жၭ཰ғ

ౢ….………...59

ಃ΋࿯ ᆫပޑ׎ԋᆶว৖ǺٰԾԾךᆶЎҁޑ௶٣………..62

ಃΒ࿯ ႝӀΓޑ࿶ᔮғࢲ……….……...69

ಃΟ࿯ تηԃស໘ભȐKaputȑޑᡂᎂ...75

ಃѤ࿯ ᙦԃ౼ȐMalikudaȑޑ໺಍य़ᇮᆶᡂᎂ……..………..80

ಃϤക ᜢξᙼཥᅽٚ-નᐆޑᙦԃᆫ཮ᆶᜢξᙼᖄӝᙦԃ౼………….………85

ಃ΋࿯ ೲቪǴբࣁᇡ᛽΋ঁ೽ပޑεཷ………..…….85

ಃΒ࿯ ໕፾Ǵཥᅽٚᙦԃ౼ޑኬᇮ………86

ಃΟ࿯ ୖᆶǴᜢξᙼᖄӝᙦԃ౼ޑ൑ୱ…………..……….88

ಃѤ࿯ ࿯ቼᗋࢂ౼ሺǴբࣁࣴزޣޑϸࡘ………91

ಃΎകȨӆधΨाઢȩޑᐕำᆶࡘԵኳԄ……….93

ಃ΋࿯ धǺ୯ৎΚໆޑᅖΕᆶ೴ᅌᜐጔϯޑᐕำ………95

΋ǵమӕݯȨ໒ξኟพȩа߻ޑ࣬ჹᐱҥԾЬ……….95

Βǵ໒ξኟพࡹ฼ࡕ୯ৎΚໆޑੋΕ……….99

Οǵ Вݯਔය୯ৎΚໆޑค܌όӧ….……….103

Ѥǵ୯҇ࡹ۬аٰᜐጔϯޑуೲᆶၗҁЬကޑుϯ……….108

ϖǵλ่……….113

ಃΒ࿯ ވ-྽жᙦԃ౼բࣁ΋ᅿ௼ဂᇡӕޑғԋ…………..……….114

΋ǵMalikuda-ᆸ፯բࣁتη਻ཷޑ৖ᄽᆶζ܄ޑᢀ࣮………...115

Βǵᆫ཮ᆶၯᔍ-ӧ౼ሺϐѦǴբࣁ΋ᅿࡕϺޑჴ፬………..117

ಃΟ࿯ ࡽᝡݾΞӝբǺբࣁ΋ᅿၯᔍࠠԄ-ඤπᆶӭॣ܄ޑᄽୠࠠᄊ…120 ΋ǵඤπޑ่ᄬᆶཀက………121

Βǵ೤ჾᆶᐒఓϯǺȨᡂȩᆶȨόᡂȩ………124

ΟǵࡽᝡݾΞӝբޑ϶ፉ-ӭॣࠠᄺୠޑڀຝϯ………..126

ಃѤ࿯ ઢǺ௃ᆣբࣁϩ݋ޑཥၡ৩………..130

΋ǵFangcalǵMakapahayǺӳǵऍޑ౛གྷғࢲڂࠠ………130

ΒǵManguduǺόӳཀࡘ-բࣁޗ཮ᜢ߯ޑዎྖᆶঅံ………..132

ಃΖക ่ፕᆶբࣁќ΋ࢤޑ໒ۈ………135

ୖ ୖԵЎ᝘……….……140

ߕᒵ΋ǵВݯਔයаٰ׎ԋޑ Pangcah/Amis ೽ပ……….148

ߕᒵΒǵ ࣴزࢎᄬ………152

ߕᒵΟǵቹႽइᒵ………153

კ Ҟ ᒵ კ΋ǵፕЎҖഁӦᗺ࣬ჹՏ࿼კ ………2

კΒǵፕЎࢎᄬკ………9

კΟǵଭϼ᎟೽ပڬᜐՏ࿼კ……….35

კѤǵෝα೽ပڬᜐՏ࿼კ………..48

კϖǵႝӀ೽ပڬᜐՏ࿼კ………..59

კϤǵཥᅽٚ೽ပڬᜐՏ࿼კ………..85

߄ Ҟ ᒵ ߄΋ǵଭϼ᎟ԃស໘ભ-Awid ߄………..………..38

߄ΒǵႝӀМ௼߄………...64

߄ΟǵႝӀتηԃស໘ભԃសಔ߄………..75

߄ѤǵႝӀᐕۛتηԃស໘ભ-Kaput ߄…..……….77

߄ϖǵ2005 ԃᜢξᖄӝᙦԃ౼࿯Ҟ߄………..89

߄Ϥǵϯพ߰قΟΜΒచ ………..100

߄Ύǵඤπࠠᄊ߄………121!

1

ಃ

ಃ΋ക ᆣፕ

ಃ΋࿯ ࣴز୏ᐒ

䞼䨞炻⮵ㆹ侴妨⮎⛐⣒㰰慵Ḯˤ䫱⼭䵈⌉-䦣㮹ˬ旧伶⚳¹˭䘬忶䦳炻ᶨ↯悥暨天⽆

柕⬠佺ˤ

≽㨇炻℞⮎㰺㚱Ṩ湤⬠埻䘬ẩ⚾⍣⺢䩳㝸ᶨ䧖䎮婾ˣ`姕ˣ婒㱽炻⤪㝄➟シ天㈦ ᶨᾳˬ䞼䨞≽㨇䘬娙˭炻ㆹ䘬 Kaka²㚦⓷忶ㆹᾹᶨᾳ⓷柴ˬO ma’an ko Pangcah烎˭

-ㄹṨ湤ἄᶨᾳṢ烎ㆾ侭㚜忚ᶨ㬍-ㄹṨ湤ἄ䁢ᶨᾳ旧伶㕷Ṣˤ忁ᾳ⓷柴㶙Ⰼ⼿⤏

⥁炻军Ṳ⚃⸜Ḯ炻怬⛐ㆹ儎ᷕ丷丆炻⤪㝄Ṣᶵ㗗⣑䓇䁢Ṣ䘬娙炻恋湤德忶Ṩ湤炻 ㆹᾹᷳ㇨ẍ䁢Ṣ烎ㆸ䁢ᶨᾳ Pangcah烎ℓ⸜Ḯ炻映映临临 Misalama炷㊄姒炸⤥⸦ᾳ 悐句炻⽆寸⸜䤕ᷕ䘬㬉ケˣ攺怑ˣ䉪㬉ˣ朄媸炻䧖䧖ᶵ⎴朊尉炻⤪㝄忁㗗⎴ᶨᾳ 䤕℠䘬娙炻䁢Ṩ湤ᶵᶨ㧋烎⤪㝄忁㗗⎴ᶨᾳˬ㕷˭䘬娙炻䁢Ṩ湤ᶵᶨ㧋烎⤪㝄忁 㗗ˬᶨ⣿㔯⊾㤪⾝˭䘬娙炻䁢Ṩ湤ᶵᶨ㧋烎ẍᶲ㗗ㆹ䘬≽㨇炻゛⚆䫼⚃⸜⇵恋ᾳ

⓷柴炻德忶ㆹ䘬䛤䜃炷mata炸ˣ俛㛝炷tangila炸ˣㇳ炷kamay炸ˣ冯⽫炷faloco炸⍣

䡘妠⇘䘬炻晾䃞Ṿ⎗傥㬋⛐惺愱ˤ

1 ⼨⼴䪈䭨ᷕ旧伶㕷ˣ旧伶㔯⊾䫱㊯㴱⮯ẍˬPangcah/Amis˭䘬冒䧙⍾ẋ炻侴⺽䓐嗽⇯ᾅ㊩⍇ἄ侭⇅

堟ˤᷕ㔯⾝㱽 Pangcah烉恎᷵炷pang ᶨ枛㍍役㕤⸓冯䎕ᷳ攻烊cah ᷵-㚱 h 㯋枛炸烊Amis烉旧⭮㕗ˤ

2 Pangcah/Amis䘬娙炻シ㊯⃬攟廑ˤ

ಃΒ࿯ ࣴزጄൎ

კ΋ǵፕЎҖഁӦᗺ࣬ჹՏ࿼კ

㚨⼴怠㑯Ḯ⚃ᾳ Pangcah/Amis 悐句炷楔⣒朵ˣ㷗⎋ˣ暣⃱ˣ㕘䤷慴炸䘬寸⸜

䤕㳣≽䘬⟜➇ἄ䁢㭼庫↮㜸䘬㝞㥳炻℞⍇⚈⛐㕤忁⚃ᾳ悐句℟㚱⸦ᾳ䈡㬲䘬ẋ堐

⿏烉

΋ǵϩᜪس಍ޑόӕ

䞼䨞侭ὅ㒂㔯⊾㧋尴冯㬟⎚㸸㳩⮯ˬ旧伶㕷˭⋨↮䁢 5 ᾳ⛘➇佌炻ㆾ 3 ᾳ㔯

⊾⋨➇炷ㆾ䯉⊾䁢ℑ䧖烉⊿ˣ⋿炸ˤẍᶲ⚃ᾳ悐句⛐⛘➇佌ᶲⰔ㕤烉楔⣒朵炷䥨

⥹⵺䲣䴙炸ˣ㷗⎋炷㴟Ⱡ䲣䴙炸ˣ暣⃱炷⿮㗍䲣䴙炸ˣ㕘䤷慴炷䥨⥹⵺䲣䴙䘬㕘 䦣㮹炸ˤ㬌⢾炻楔⣒朵ˣ㷗⎋ˣ㕘䤷慴⎗⎴Ⱄˬ⊿悐佌˭烊侴暣⃱⇯䁢ˬ⋿悐佌˭ˤ

⚈ 㬌 德 忶 ᶵ ⎴ 䲣 䴙 䘬 㭼 庫 - 劍 䲣 䴙 䘬 ↮ 栆 㚱 ℞ シ 佑 䘬 娙 - ㅱ 䔞 傥 ⣈ ㌴ ㎉ Pangcah/Amis㔯⊾ᶲ䘬䔘冯⎴ˤ

3

楔⣒朵ˣ㷗⎋冯暣⃱䘮䁢 Pangcah/Amis 䘬侩悐句炻℞ᷕ楔⣒朵㚱役ᶫ⋩ẋ⁛

䴙柀堾䘬㬟⎚䲣嬄⁛ᶾ⍲ 17 ᶾ䲨ẍἮ匟嗕Ṣ㔯䌣屯㕁䘬姀庱烊㷗⎋⇵幓⇯䁢㘂㶭 ˬ⼴Ⱉᷕ嶗㈿㶭ḳẞ˭ㆾˬCepo’ḳẞ˭䘬ᷣ天悐句ˬ旧㡱Ⱉ䣦˭ˤ斄㕤⇵ℑ䣦炻 䞼䨞侭⶚䓊↢寸⭴侴䴻℠䘬㮹㕷⽿屯㕁炷冐㗪冢䀋冲ㄋ婧㞍㚫 1914烊㛶Ṏ⚺ 䫱 1962烊∱㔴晬䫱 1966烊旖㖴扛 1969烊䞛䡲 1976炸炻役⸜ἮṎ㚱⸜庽䞼䨞䓇ẍ忁ᾳ 䭬⚵䘬 Pangcah/Amis ἄ䁢℞婾㔯㑘⮓䘬䭬⚵ˤ䚠⮵䞼䨞侭䘬䴉両ᶵ䳽炻⿮㗍䲣䴙

⮵ˬ旧伶㕷˭䞼䨞侭侴妨⇯Ⱄ㕤怲昚⛘ⷞ炻ㆾ⣂⋲夾㛔⋨䁢ˬ㻊⊾˭庫㶙⇣ᷳ嗽 侴⾥䔍ᷳ炻ḳ⮎ᶲ忁㓗䲣䴙㬟䴻䚠䔞攟㛇侴⣏䭬⚵䘬䦣≽侴冯ᶵ⎴⋨➇䘬㕷佌䘤 䓇斄Ὢ炷ἳ⤪烉⊿㕡⣒欗敋ˣ岥⽟⃳Ṣ烊䷙察⋿䪗䘬⋹⋿Ṣˣⶫ彚Ṣ烊⿮㗍⋲Ⲟ 䘬㕗⌉伭Ṣˣ㌺䀋Ṣˣ㻊Ṣ冯⸛❼㕷佌烊ẍ⍲䎦⯭⛘䘬㻊Ṣ冯⸛❼㕷佌炸炻ㅱ䔞 傥⽆℞怟⽁䘬㬟⎚姀ㅞˣ䣦㚫㔯⊾䎦尉炻妶婾 Pangcah/Amis Ṣ⤪ỽ朊⮵㕷佌斄Ὢˣ

⢾Ἦ㔯⊾ẍ⍲怟⽁忶䦳㇨㬟䴻䘬Ṣ佌ℵ䳸㥳忶䦳ˤ

ΒǵѦ೽ࡹݯ࿶ᔮङඳޑৡ౦

1980 ⸜ẋ⼴ᶲ徘⎬悐句ㆾ⣂ㆾ⮹䘮⍿⇘屯㛔ᷣ佑㶙⊾䘬⼙枧侴䓊䓇Ṣ⎋⢾䦣 䎦尉炻Ữḇ䓙㕤⎬⛘䴻㾇䘤⯽✳ンˣ⃰⣑屯㸸㡅ẞ冯㇨嗽䘬⋨➇⿏岒ḇᶵ䚉䃞䚠

⎴炻忚侴䓊䓇ᾳ⇍ⶖ䔘ˤ㷗⎋ỵ㕤㴟ⱠⰙ傰ẍ㜙炻䃉婾䓙大䴻䐆㷗℔嶗ˣ⃱寸℔

嶗崲忶Ⱉ傰㉝忼䷙察炻ㆾ侭䴻㴟Ⱡ℔嶗⼨⋿炷冢㜙ⶪ炸⊿炷剙咖ⶪ炸炻Ṍ忂䘮㗗

⚃侭㚨䁢ᶵὧ侴䚠⮵昼䳽ᷳ嗽炻1980 ⸜ẋ⼴㯜䧣侽ἄ㻠㫉ẹ侽Ṣ⎋⢾䦣炻㬌⢾⊿

㕡ᶵ怈嗽䁢䞛㡗㷗炻悐↮㛹㮹ẍ役㴟㺩㤕䁢䓇炻1990 ⸜ẋ⼴悐↮曺⸜⚆㬠悐句忚 埴㔯⊾∝シ䓊㤕冯喅埻䘬∝ἄ炻⺽䘤Ḯ㛹㮹䘬ℙ沜炻冒䘤⿏䘬忚埴㔯⊾⽑㋗炻ㆸ 䁢ˬ冢 11 䶂㴟Ⱡ旧伶˭慵天䘬㔯⊾ᷕ⽫ˤ

⎎⢾ᶱᾳ悐句䘮ỵ㕤䷙察⛘⋨慵天䘬Ṍ忂嶗䶂冯揝℔嶗干䪁ˤ楔⣒朵䵲惘⃱

⽑ⶪ埿炻ỵ㕤⃱⽑悱埴㓧冯⓮㤕ᷕ⽫炻⯭㮹ẍ彚㤕ˣ℔⓮㚵⊁㤕冯奨⃱ẹ攺䓊㤕

䁢ᷣ炻悐↮忂⊌㕤␐怲⋨➇ˤ斄Ⱉ捖䘬暣⃱慴冯㕘䤷慴⇯ẍˬ㰈ᶲ䰛˭冯ˬ斄Ⱉ 䰛˭䘬⑩䇴倆⎵㕤⚳䓊䧣䰛ⶪ⟜ˤ暣⃱ỵ㕤⋹⋿㹒ⶎⱠ㴟ⱠⰙ傰大渻炻㶭ẋ䁢⭀

忻⽭䴻ᷳ㇨炻㖍㱣㗪㛇㓡忻ㆸ䁢䌐䩳䘬倂句䨢攻昼暊㕤㕘䘤⯽䘬慴⢇炷Ṳ斄Ⱉ捖 ⶪ埿炸⛘⋨侴冒ㆸᶨ㟤炻㑩㚱䌐䩳䘬⬠㟉ˣ嬎⮇冯䤆䣦䫱⚳⭞㨇斄ˤ暣⃱⣏㧳⛐

1993 ⸜忂干⼴⼊ㆸ䫔ᶱ㫉䘬⋨➇ℵ䳸㥳烉℔干䘬 榃ˣ嬎⮇⯨䘬㑌⒐⍲䓇㳣䨢攻 䓙⍇㛔暨丆忻㕤⋿⊿䘬䐆㸸ˣ㰈ᶲㆾ䚜㍍㴱㯜侴忶炻䎦⇯⎗䚜㍍槭干忂⼨斄Ⱉⶪ 埿ˤ暣⃱昌Ḯ⺞临㖍㱣㗪㛇ẍἮἄ䁢䘯⭌届䰛䘬⃒䥨䧣䰛⑩岒炻䓂军∝䩳冒ㆹ⑩ 䇴炷暣⃱䰛ˣ㖍⇅䰛炸⢾炻᷀昝⛘⋨⚺⛘⯂㚱檀㍍㡐ˣ㠭⫸ˣ䪡䫵ˣ⯌≈⇑㧡䫱 䴻㾇ἄ䈑ˤ斄Ⱉ捖䘬㕘䤷慴⇯ỵ㕤⋹⋿㹒⎛Ⱡ炻剙㜙䶂揝嶗㜙“䘬㹒❼⛘⋨炻䵲 惘斄Ⱉⶪ埿炻㗗慵天䘬䧣䰛䓊⋨炻㮹⚳Ḽ⋩⸜ẋ炻䓙㕤冢㜙彚⟜冒⡦⋨䘬ㆸ≇炻 ἧ⍇⃰ỷ⛐剙咖䐆䧿仢᷷㯜㸸䘬㕷Ṣ徸㻠怟⯭㕤㬌ˤ㕘䤷慴䘬㕷佌䳸㥳庫䁢墯 暄炻Pangcah/Amis Ṣˣ㥖㮹ˣ救⋿Ṣˣ⭊⭞Ṣ㭼ἳ役Ụ炻ḇ⼊ㆸ⎬冒䘬㕷塼䣦⋨

炷惘炸ˤ

Οǵᙦԃ౼܌և౜ޑ౜ຝ

1.楔⣒朵檀⹎⏰䎦檀⹎❶悱Ṣ⎋䘬䦣≽炻⣏㈡㕭⢾㕷Ṣ㚫㕤㬌㗪彼悱⍫冯炻㳣≽䋞

⤪䉪㬉ᶨ凔炻䈡⇍㗗⛐⸜漉昶䳂㳣≽ᷕˤ⎎ᶨ㕡朊炻䓙㕤悐句䘬䈡岒-䞍⎵ˣ㬟⎚

えṢ⎋䛦⣂ᷭ悐句炻Ṍ忂㕡ὧ炻⚈侴⏠⺽⣏㈡䘬奨⃱Ṣ㼖冯㓧㱣≃䘬ṳℍˤ

2.㷗⎋晾䃞⢾䦣Ṣ⎋㭼ἳ㚨檀炻Ữ⸜漉昶䳂忳ἄ⬴㔜炻᷎⺽ẍἄ䁢℞㕷佌慵天䘬娵

⎴天䳈炻䈡⇍㗗℞⛐寸⸜䤕㛇攻䘬忳ἄˤ寸⸜䤕℞攻炻⎬昶䳂⽆ḳ⎬冒䘬倂㚫炻

᷎⛐㚨⼴ᶨ㖍 Pakelang³傰䴉ᶳ冱埴检冰䭨䚖䪞岥炻䪞岥↠栗Ḯ Pangcah/Amis ⮵㕤 冒◚冯㬉䪹䘬シ佑ˤ

3 Pangcah/Amis婆炻䁢ᶨ䈡⭂㳣≽炻冱埴㕤ⶍἄ炷⨂╒╄ㄞˣ⭞⯳句ㆸ…炸冯寸⸜䤕₨ᷳ⼴炻⇘㱛㴟

5

3.暣⃱䁢斄Ⱉ捖ℑᾳ⎌侩䘬⿮㗍䲣䴙悐句ᷳᶨ⁴ˤ晾䘤䓇Ṣ⎋⢾䦣冯⛇⛘㳩⣙炻Ữ 䓙㕤䁢冢叿⎵䘬㯜䧣䓊⛘炻ṵ㚱檀㭼ἳ䘬曺⸜Ṣ⎋⛐悱ⶍἄ炻⸜漉昶䳂⬴㔜炻Ữ

⛐ 2010 ⸜䘬奨⮇ᷕ炻曺⸜⍫冯 Malikuda炷寸⸜䤕炸㳣≽䘬シ栀冯↢ⷕ䉨㱩冯䔞ẋ 彚ẩ㤕䓇䓊㚱斄炻彚⾁⼙枧Ḯ㳣≽䘬⍫冯ˤ

4.㕘䤷慴炻䚠⮵ẍᶲᶱᾳ㬟⎚庫えᷭ䘬悐句炻ỵ㕤斄Ⱉ捖䘬㕘䤷慴倂句⼊ㆸ庫㘂ˤ 䚖⇵㰺㚱⸜漉昶䳂炻寸⸜䤕㳣≽㚱ᶨ⣑炻䫔Ḵ㖍䁢斄Ⱉ捖倗⎰寸⸜䤕ˤ⭞㕷䘬 倂㚫ẍ⍲倗⎰寸⸜䤕㭼岥䘬枸⁁⛐寸⸜䤕ᷕ℟㚱檀⹎䘬慵天⿏ˤ

ಃΟ࿯ ࣴزୢᚒᆶୢᚒཀ᛽

΋ǵѦ೽ࡹݯ࿶ᔮ่ᄬᆶޗ཮ᡂᎂ

冢䀋䘬⋿Ⲟ婆㕷⛐忶⍣ 400 ⸜攻㬟䴻Ḯᶨᾳ徸㻠怲䶋⊾䘬忶䦳炻ḳ⮎ᶲ炻⮵

⣂㔠䘬⍇ỷ㮹㕷侴妨忁忶䦳䓂军⡻䷖⛐ 150 ⸜ᷳ攻炻侴㍍⍿屯㛔ᷣ佑䘬㶙⊾䓂军 ᶵ⇘ℑẋˤ⮵ Pangcah/Amis 侴妨炻懭奨冯⽖奨䘬奺⹎ˣἮ冒⢾悐㔯㛔㚠⮓冯ℏ悐 娖慳冯姀ㅞ㚫⤪ỽ朊⮵忁ᾳˬ怲䶋⊾˭䘬㬟䦳炻德忶⚳⭞ˣ屯㛔ᷣ佑ⶪ⟜⯽䎦烎

⛐忁怲䶋⊾忶䦳ᷕ炻ˬ䦣≽˭ᶨ䚜㗗忁ᾳ䣦㚫䘬䈡⿏-ᶨ⤪姙⣂㜙⋿Ṇ㮹㕷⽿

㇨栗䣢䘬ᶨ㧋炻ˬ䦣≽˭冯ˬ⚆彼˭⛐䔞ẋ傰䴉ᶳ㚱Ṩ湤㧋䘬シ佑炻䈡⇍㗗⯙ˬ寸

⸜䤕˭忁ᾳ⣂㔠Ṣ⎴シἄ䁢 Pangcah/Amis Ṣˬ㔯⊾天䳈˭冯ˬ㕷佌娵⎴˭炷ethnic identity炸ˣˬ㕷佌冒奢˭炷ethnic conscious炸ᷳ攻䚠䔞慵天䘬ↅ倂⟜➇侴妨炻䦣≽

彼⚆䘬シ佑㗗Ṩ湤烎

⣂㔠Ṣ⎗傥⎴シ炻ˬ旧伶㕷˭㗗ᶨᾳ⼰㦪⣑䘬㮹㕷炻ṾᾹ㚱叿㳣㻹䘬⿏㟤冯 㦪㕤冯Ṣ奒役䘬㕷佌⿏ˤ䔞䃞ㆹ᷎ᶵ゛妶婾忁ᾳ⇣㜧⌘尉䘬䛇⮎⿏炻Ữ⛐寸⸜䤕 ẍ⍲倂㚫忶䦳ᷕ炻⯽㺼-䈡⇍㗗冒◚ˣᶹ奺䈡⇍⍿Ṣ㬉彶炻忁㗗㸸㕤攟ᷭẍἮ䘬怲

4 ⎎ᶨ䁢ỵ㕤⋹⋿㹒⎛Ⱡ䵲惘㴟䪗悱䘬⽟檀炷Takupan炸ˤ

䶋⊾忶䦳╶烎㗗㚳⍳㇨婒䘬ˬℵ劎悥天䪹˭╶烎㎃妨ᷳ炻忁㗗ᶨ䧖✳⺷䘬䣦㚫㈿

嬘烎怬㗗℞側⼴℟㚱℞Ṿ㔯⊾怷廗䘬⎗傥烎

Βǵᆫ཮ޑཀကǴࡕϺჴ፬ᓬӃܭӃϺޑਥҁ፟ϒ

⊭㊔伶㉱⯤大Ṇˣ㲊慴⯤大Ṇㆾ楔Ἦ大Ṇ嗕⌉⦩䫱⛘䘬⋿Ⲟ婆䲣㮹㕷⽿䘮栗 䣢⼴⣑䘬⮎嶸冯⃰⣑䘬㟡㛔岎Ḱᷳ攻䘬斄Ὢ炻⻟婧⮎嶸⮵㕤℞Ṣ奨ˣ㔯⊾シ䎮䘬 慵天⿏炻⎴Ⱄ㕤⋿Ⲟ㔯⊾⚰炻Pangcah/Amis Ṣ⸜漉昶䳂➢㛔㡅ẞ䁢⃰⣑䘬⸜漉ˣ ᶾ ẋ 炻 Ữ ⮎ 晃 忳 ἄ ᷕ ⇯ ⻟ 婧 ⮎ 嶸 ㇵ 㗗 ᾳ Ṣ 冯 昶 䳂 ⬀ ⛐ 䘬 ₡ ῤ 炻 忁 Ụ ᷶ ⮵ 㕤 Pangcah/Amis䣦㚫䘬䞼䨞㚱㇨┇䘤ˤ⚃ᾳ悐句⎬冒㚱叿ᶵ⎴䘬ⶖ䔘⿏-❶悱䦣≽ˣ 䴻㾇䳸㥳ˣ䲣䴙↮栆炻ㆹᾹ⤪ỽ䎮妋㚜䁢㶙Ⰼ䘬㔯⊾䳸㥳-ẍ妶婾⊭㊔㎃ⶍˣ倂㚫 䫱䴻䓙Ṣ晃斄Ὢ䘬⺢䩳⍾⼿䣦㚫ᷕ䘬ỵ伖炻忚侴⚆䫼 O ma’an ko Pangcah 䘬䫔ᶨᾳ

␥柴烉Ṣᷳ㇨ẍ䁢Ṣˤ

Οǵ௃ᆣΓᜪᏢޑفࡋᆶӆ၍ញޑ҇௼דၗ਑

ẍ⼨ね䵺䓐㕤娖慳Ṇ楔怄䫱仢᷷㖶䡢䣦㚫䳬䷼䘬䣦㚫㗪䘤㎖Ḯ㤝⣏䘬䓐嗽炻 ḇ⋼≑Ṣ栆⬠侭慵㕘㩊夾Ḯ厚⼳屻 Bichol Ṣ䘬䣦㚫㧋尴ˤ⤪㝄⮯ね䵺䘬䞼䨞㤪⾝

ⷞℍ Pangcah/Amis 㮹㕷⽿䘬妶婾炻㗗⏎㚱⎗傥㍸↢㕘䘬⎗傥烎媠⤪㎃ⶍ䘬シ佑ˣ

⸜漉昶䳂ˣ倂㚫忳ἄㆾ侭ˬӆध೿ाઢ˭䘬怷廗炻忚侴㍊妶 Pangcah/Amis 朊⮵䔞 ẋ墯暄䣦㚫ね⠫㗪炻⮵㕤䓇㳣シ⾝䘬㈽⮬ˤ㦪准ˣ㎃ⶍ䫱䣦㚫埴䁢側⼴㚱ᶨ⣿ˬ䍑

⛐ᶨ崟-㖊䪞䇕⍰⎰ἄ䘬斄Ὢ˭䘬怷廗炻䓙㬌↢䘤⚆ㅱ O ma’an ko Pangcah 䘬䫔Ḵ ᾳ␥柴烉Pangcah炷旧伶Ṣ炸ᷳ㇨ẍ䁢 Pangcah炷旧伶Ṣ炸ˤ

ಃѤ࿯ Ў᝘ӣ៝

΋ǵޗ཮ᡂᎂ౛ፕ

⮵㕤悱㮹炷peasant炸䘬䞼䨞⍾ẋṢ栆⬠ẍ⼨`⭂䘬⬌䩳䘬ˣ昼䳽䘬䞼䨞⮵尉ˤ

7

1960 ⸜ẋ攳⥳Ṣ栆⬠⭞䘤䎦ˬ悐句˭㴰⣙Ḯ炻ᶵ䞍ᶵ奢ᷕ䫔ᶱᶾ䓴僓暊Ḯ㬾㮹㭵

⚳ㆸ䁢ˬ⚳⭞˭炻崲Ἦ崲⣂䘬Ṣ䓙悐句㏔⇘Ḯ悥㚫⋨ˣ悱㛹䘬Ṣ攳⥳䓇䓊ṾᾹ᷎ᶵ 暨天䘬䓊⑩炻㕤㗗ἄ䁢ᶨ䧖䞼䨞⮵尉烉悱㮹⍾ẋḮṢ栆⬠⮵㕤ˬ悐句˭䘬冰嵋炻 侴悱㮹ἄ䁢悐↮䘬㔯⊾-⚳⭞䘬ᶨ悐ấ炻⤪ỽ㔜⎰炻ḇ⯙ㆸ䁢 Julien Steward炷1955炸 䫱Ṣ䘬ἧ␥ˤ㔯⊾䓇ン⬠㗗ᶨ⣿㕡㱽婾炻德忶䑘⠫冯㔯⊾䘬Ḻ≽⤪ỽ䓊䓇嬲怟冯 㔜⎰ˤ㔯⊾墯暄⿏䘬䓙ἮἮ冒㕤⁛㑕炻侴㕘㈨埻䘬₡ῤḇ枰夾䣦㚫㔯⊾Ⰼ㫉⍲䑘

⠫䘬㼃≃ˤ㔯⊾䓇ン⬠䘬慵溆᷎朆⛐㈨埻䘬崟㸸冯⁛㑕炻侴㗗⛐㕤㭷ᾳ䈡㬲䑘⠫

ᷕ䘬⇑䓐㕡⺷冯⺽䘤ᶵ⎴䘬䣦㚫⿏䳸㝄ˤἳ⤪:⤥⸦䧖悐句䣦㚫悥㚱栆Ụ䘬䊑䌝㈨ 埻炻Ữ䓙㕤⛘⼊ㆾ䌝䈑栆✳䘬ᶵ⎴炻⚈㬌䓊䓇ᶵ⎴䘬䣦㚫⇞⹎ˤ⛐㔯⊾䓇ン婾ᷕ

⮯㔯⊾⋨↮ㆸ㔯⊾㟠⽫炷cultural core炸冯㫉天䈡岒炷secondary features炸ˤ⛐ Steward 㤪⾝ᷕ㔯⊾㟠⽫㗗冯䓇䓊⍲䴻㾇㳣≽㚨䚜㍍䚠斄䘬⎬⺷䈡岒炷䣦㚫ˣ㓧㱣ˣ⬿㔁 悥⛐℞ᷕ炸ᷳ普⎰烊侴℞Ṿ䈡岒䘬嬲䔘⿏庫檀炻⍿㔯⊾-㬟⎚⚈䳈㰢⭂ˤ侴㫉天䈡 岒ḇ㗗忈ㆸ㔯⊾䌐䈡⿏䘬Ἦ䓙ˤ

⍿⇘䎦ẋ⊾䎮婾⼙枧炻䃉婾㗗䫔ᶱᶾ䓴⚳⭞ˣ䣦㚫䥹⬠䞼䨞侭娵䁢大㕡䣦㚫 䘤⯽屯㛔ᷣ佑᷎忼⇘䨢⇵ㆸ㝄㗗嵛⟒䁢堐䌯炻侴⮵㕤朆大㕡䣦㚫炻天⤪ỽㇵ傥忼

⇘大㕡䘬㯜㸾ㆸ䁢⎬㕡㫚㯪䘬⎗傥ˤGeertz炷1963炸ẍ⌘⯤ℑ䧖䣦㚫栆✳䁢ἳ炻ᶨ 䁢ᾉẘẲ㕗嗕䘬䓇シṢ䳬ㆸ䘬ⶪ捖烊⎎ᶨ䁢⁛䴙屜㕷冯悱㮹䳬ㆸ悱㛹ˤ⇵侭⼨⼨

傥⣈䨩䟜⁛䴙⺢䩳∝㕘䘬ẩ㤕炻⌣⚈䁢㳩≽䘬Ṣ晃斄Ὢ侴䃉㱽䯴㍒屯慹冯厗Ṣ䪞 䇕烊⼴侭⇯慵㕤ℵ↮惵冯㚜慵䘬䣦㚫屔ả侴䃉㱽㚱㚜⤥䘬䘤⯽ˤ忁ᶨ⇯ἳ⫸栗䣢 ᶵ⎴䘬䣦㚫℟㚱ᶵ⎴䘬䘤⯽㧉⺷炻⚈侴大㕡᷎朆ⓗᶨ䘬⎗傥ˤ⛐冯ᶾ䓴橼䲣䚠斄 䘬䞼䨞ᷕ炻Eric Wolf炷1982炸䘬˪Europe and the People Without History˫㗗ᶨ悐⬷

奨䘬屯㛔ᷣ佑ᶾ䓴⎚炻啱䓙ᶾ䓴屯㛔ᷣ佑䓇䓊冯ⶪ⟜䘬㒜⻝忋䳸᷎䟜⢆Ḯ䔞⛘⍇

㚱䘬朆屯㛔ᷣ佑䴻㾇㧉⺷炻侴ᶾ䓴⿏屯㛔ᷣ佑ᶾ䓴橼䲣⎬⺷ᶾ䓴⎬⛘䃉婾㗗大㫸 Ṣˣ⌘⹎Ṣˣᷕ⚳Ṣㆾ㗗伶㳚⍇ỷ㮹ℙ⎴⺢㥳↢Ἦ䘬䳸㝄ˤ䃞侴炻Sahlins炷2000炸

⇯娵䁢屯㛔ᷣ佑ᷳ㇨ẍ⛐ᶾ䓴䘤䓇ἄ䓐ᷫ㗗⍿⇘⛘㕡㔯⊾䘬婧䭨炻ἳ⤪⣒⸛㲳䘬 Sandwich ⲞⲞ㮹ẍ⢾Ἦ侭䁢⻟⣏䘬尉⽝炻⚈侴德忶⮵⢾Ἦ䈑䘬Ỽ㚱⡆⻟≃慷冯⛘

ỵˤ2004 ⸜ Sahlins ㍸↢ℑ⛘䣦㚫䘬㤪⾝炻㍸↢ᶨ㕡朊䦣ℍ悥㚫侭⏠⍾Ḯ屯㛔ᷣ佑 䘬⤥嗽᷎⚆棳⍇悱炻⎎ᶨ㕡朊⇯⍰⮯⍇悱䘬䓇㳣⼊ン冯㤪⾝ⷞℍ悥㚫䓇㳣䔞ᷕˤ

Βǵ௃ᆣΓᜪᏢ

䘤⯽㕤 1950 ⸜ẋ䘬ね䵺Ṣ栆⬠炻℞ᶨ攳⥳䓐ẍℵ䎦㔯⊾䘬ⶖ䔘炻ἳ⤪烉㬣ṉ

⮵㕤ᶵ⎴㔯⊾䓊䓇䘬ね䵺⍲℞シ佑炻⚳ℏṢ栆⬠侭姙㛐㞙䘬䞼䨞ὧ℟㚱忁栆䘬⁦

⎹ˤ80 ⸜ẋ⼴炻ね䵺ἄ䁢㕘䘬䞼䨞嬘柴侴㊩临䘤⯽炻Lindholm炷1982炸德忶ᷕṆ Swat PathansṢ⮵㕤奒Ṣ䘬㔝シ冯⭊Ṣ䘬⍳┬慵㕘㩊夾Ḯ Barth炷1959炸䘬屯㕁炻 崭崲Ḯ䴻㾇䎮⿏冯≇⇑ᷣ佑䘬旸⇞ˤOvering 䫱Ṣ炷2000炸䫱Ṣ⛐Ṇ楔怄㱛㳩➇仢

᷷㖶䡢㓧㱣⇞⹎䣦㚫䘬䞼䨞⯽䎦Ḯ伶⬠冯ケ〭ἄ䁢㖍ⷠ䓇㳣⮎嶸䘬䃎溆炻ㅌ⾺ˣ ṯ【ˣ⩱⤺䫱屈朊ね䵺㇨栗䣢䘬䟜⢆≃慷炻嬻娚㔯⊾ẍッˣ昒Ờˣ⍳ね䫱ケ〭䘬 㬋朊ね䵺廱⊾屈朊ね䵺忈ㆸ䘬 ⭛ˤ

Οǵ௼ဂ౛ፕ

㕷佌䘬䎮婾䞼䨞➢㛔⛐㕤㍊妶ˬ娵⎴˭⤪ỽ䘤䓇シ佑ˤ⍇⇅㟡㛔岎Ḱ婾 炷primordialism炸冯ね⠫婾炷circumstantialism炸㗗ℑᾳ昋䆇炻⇵侭娵䁢㕷佌ẍ℞㟡 㛔岎Ḱ䘬天䳈炻ἳ⤪埨䶋ˣ婆妨䫱埴ἧ℞ㆸ⒉屯㟤䘬㌺Ṿ炻⺢䩳Ḯ㖶䡢䘬怲䓴烊

⼴侭⎗ὅね⠫㚱℞嬲≽䘬⻰⿏ˤJocelyn Linnekin 冯 Lin Poyer炷1990炸⣏㲳㳚䘬䞼 䨞栗䣢㕷佌⎗ẍ↮䁢ˬMendelian ˭冯ˬLamarckian˭ℑ䧖栆✳炻⇵侭ẍ栆Ụ奒Ⱄ 䘬⣑䓇⚢㚱⿏䡢⭂炻⼴侭⇯㗗德忶埴䁢䘬⼊ㆸ忶䦳炷process of becoming炸⺢䩳℞

娵⎴炻侴⣏㲳㳚䘬㔯⊾娵⎴℟㚱冒ㆹ廱㎃䘬䈡⿏炻侴ẍ⣂慵䘬㕡⺷⬀临㕤䣦㚫斄 Ὢᷕˤ

9

㕷佌䘬娵⎴℟㚱℞ℏ⛐冯⢾⛐䘬䭬䔯炻Ḻ≽忶䦳ᷕ℞埴䁢⍿冒ㆹ冯Ṿ侭偗 娵炻䓙㬌奨⮇⣏映㜙⋿Ṇ㮹㕷⽿䘬䞼䨞侭㊯↢㜙⋿Ṇ⣂⃫㔯⊾側㘗ᶳ㕷佌娵⎴怠 㑯℟㚱檀⹎䘬ảシ⿏炻Ữ Kammerer炷1988炸娵䁢晐⚳⭞≃慷㈨喅䘬㶙⊾炻⚢⭂⊾

䘬曠㪲㬋䘤㎖ἄ䓐炻侴⻟婧冒ㆹ娵⎴冯塓Ṿ侭娵⭂ᷳ攻䘬ᶵᶨ农炻䓙㬌㓧㱣⊾䘬 㕷佌シ嬀⎗ẍ㗗ᶨ䧖⍵㈿䘬⼊⺷ˤJames Mckay 冯 Frank Lewins炷1978炸⮯㕷佌䘬 シ嬀⋨↮ℑᾳⰌ㫉炻ˮ㕷塼デ䞍˯炷ethnic awareness炸シ㊯ㆸ⒉冒䞍㚱ᶨ㕷佌䈡岒炻

⎗⺞Ỡ冯⺞Ỡ䁢娵⎴ㆾ㗗⇍䘬㊯㧁炻Ữ᷎ᶵ䈡⇍慵夾烊ˮ㮹㕷冒奢˯炷 ethnic consciousness炸栗䃞⻟⹎庫⻟炻䚠䔞慵夾⎬栆㕷佌䈡岒炻᷎⼙枧⎬冒䘬㔯⊾ˣ䣦㚫 ㆾ柀➇䘬Ⱄ⿏冯ᾳ橼嬀⇍㧉⺷ˤ

ಃϖ࿯ ക࿯Ӽ௨ᆶࢎᄬ

ġ კΒǵፕЎࢎᄬკ!

䫔ᶨ䪈ἄ䁢䵺婾婒㖶㛔婾㔯シ㫚嗽䎮䘬嬘柴ˣ䭬⚵冯䞼䨞䘬忶䦳␴㕡㱽炻℞

䚖㧁⛐㕤⚆䫼䔞ẋね⠫ᶳˬ䍑˭⤪ỽㆸ䁢 Pangcah/Amis Ṣ㕷佌シ嬀䓇ㆸ䘬䫾䔍炻 䈡⇍㗗䴻䓙寸⸜䤕炷䭨炸㳣≽䘬冱埴ˤġ

ἄ䁢⼴临⚃ᾳ悐句寸⸜䤕䘬↮㜸炻㔯⊾冯⢾悐㓧㱣䴻㾇䳸㥳䚠Ḻ䘬彗嫱斄Ὢ 㗗㛔婾㔯慵天䘬↮㜸奺⹎炻⚈㬌䫔Ḵ䪈ἄ䁢忶⍣ˬ旧伶㕷˭䞼䨞侭䘬㔯䌣⚆栏炻

冒㓧㱣ˣ䣦㚫ˣ䴻㾇ˣ⬿㔁䫱➢㛔⇞⹎堐⯽䎦忶⍣䞼䨞侭㇨シ嬀⇘䘬ˬ旧伶㔯⊾

䘬ℙ⎴⿏冯ⶖ䔘⿏˭炻⤪㬌䘬ⶖ䔘⿏㗗⋨➇⿏冯㬟⎚ね⠫⟹忈炻ㆾ㗗ˬ旧伶㕷˭

㕷佌⼊ㆸ忶䦳ᷕ⮯䔘岒Ṣ佌䲵ℍ㇨忈ㆸ䘬烎⎴㗪炻ἄ䁢Ṣ栆⬠侭䘬㚠⮓炻⛐䎮婾 䘬㚜㚧ẍ⍲㕡㱽䓂军䞼䨞侭ᾳṢ䈡岒䘬傰䴉ᶳ炻㮹㕷⽿冯忚ᶨ㬍䘬娖慳Ṏ晐ᷳ㓡 嬲炻ˬόाעךॺߓऍ௼ຫቪຫ໶˭ġ 㗗⟙⮶Ṣ⮵㕤攟㛇塓⢾䓴㚠⮓䘬ᶵ侸ˤġ

䫔ᶱĮ䫔ℕ䪈㗗婾㔯䘬䓘慶屯㕁炻ẍ剙咖䷋⃱⽑悱楔⣒朵炷Fata’an炸ˣ剙咖䷋

寸㾙悱㷗⎋炷Makotaay炸ˣ冢㜙䷋斄Ⱉ捖暣⃱炷Kaadaadaan炸冯㕘䤷慴悐句䘬寸⸜

䤕炷䭨炸ἄ䁢↮㜸䘬⟜➇ˤ⎬䪈㧁柴ˬ楔⣒朵Į⸜漉昶䳂Ḻ姒冯䉪㬉˭ˣˬ㷗⎋Į 检冰䭨䚖䪞岥冯⯽㺼˭ˣˬ暣⃱Įᶵ⛐⟜䘬曺⸜冯䔞ẋ彚㤕䓇䓊˭ˣˬ㕘䤷慴Į䳈㧠 䘬寸⸜倂㚫冯倗⎰寸⸜䤕䘬シ佑˭炻ㆹ⇣シẍ⎬嗽䤕₨䭨ㄞᷕ䈡⇍↠栗䘬䎦尉句 㫦炻ẍ㍸䣢嬨侭ἄ䁢ˬ⎴ᶨᾳ䤕℠˭炻⌣㚱叿⎬冒ᶵ⎴䘬⯽䎦朊尴炻冯䔞ẋ䎦尉ˤġ

䫔ᶫ䪈烉ˬℵ劎ḇ天䪹˭䘬㬟䦳冯⿅侫㧉⺷炻⇯㊩临ẍ⢾悐㓧㱣䴻㾇䳸㥳冯 ℏ⛐㔯⊾怷廗彗嫱䘬斄Ὢἄ䁢㝞㥳炻↮㜸⚃ᾳ悐句寸⸜䤕㳣≽㇨⏰䎦䘬ⶖ䔘朊 尴ˤ⛐ⶖ䔘䘬✳ンᶳ⏰䎦䘬㗗ℙ⎴⮯ˬ䍑˭ἄ䁢㕷佌シ嬀䓇ㆸ䘬䫾䔍炻侴䍑㗗德 忶忲㇚ˣ⯽㺼ˣ㇚媼䫱㕡⺷⺢䩳⼤㬌ᷳ攻䘬ℙ嬀ˤˬ㎃ⶍ˭冯ˬ⣂枛⿏枛㦪˭炷墯 枛㫴㚚炸㗗 Pangcah/Amis 䣦㚫⁛䴙䎮゛䓇㳣炷Fangcal炸䘬㈽⮬炻Ṏ⌛䓇㳣ᷕ䘬ケ

〭␴䣦㚫斄Ὢ䘬⸛堉-㖊䪞䇕⍰⎰ἄ䘬斄Ὢẍ⍲㕿溻䚠䔞䘬㤪⾝炻ね䵺Ṣ栆⬠䘬↮

㜸㕡⺷⛐忁墉娎⚾ⷞ↢䔞ẋ Pangcah/Amis 䣦㚫䞼䨞䘬㕘㕡⎹炻 Mangudu-ᶵ⤥シ

⿅ἄ䁢ᶨ䧖䣦㚫斄Ὢ䘬ᾖ墄冯⸛堉㕡⺷炻德忶忲㇚ˣ㇚媼ˣ⯽㺼冯Ṿ侭冯冒ㆹ⺢

䩳斄Ὢ炻䈡⇍㗗朊⮵䔞ẋ⎬䧖ᶵ䡢⭂䘬ね⠫-⊭㊔悐句ˣ⸜漉昶䳂䫱䣦㚫幓ấ-冯ⶖ 䔘ⷞἮ㼃啷䘬䞃䚦冯堅䨩㗪炻ˬ䪹˭ㆸ䁢Ḯ⚆ㅱ䘬㕡⺷ˤ

11

ಃϤ࿯ ࣴزБݤᆶၸำ

΋ǵϸࡘᆶץղǴբࣁќ΋ᅿБݤޑ໒ۈ

⸦⸜⇵㚦冯㚳⍳俲忶Ṣ栆⬠冯冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹ᷳ攻䘬斄Ὢ炻㚳⍳䚠䔞∜↯䘬㊯昛 Ṿ⮵㕤Ṣ栆⬠䘬ᶵ㺧炻⺽徘Ṿ䘬娙:ˬךѝ᝺ளǴᏢޣᕴࢂҔচՐٰ҇ှញΓᜪᏢ ޑୢᚒǴԶόࢂҔΓᜪᏢٰࡘԵচՐ҇ޑୢᚒǶ˭冒䃞炻Ṣ栆⬠侭朊⮵䣦㚫ˬ崭 Ṣ⺷˭䘬䓘慶ΐ䎮天㯪炷嫅ᶾ⾈ 2004:292炸ㆾ侭ˬᏢೌࣴزǴஒԖշܭךॺ׳Α

ှϷඓඝ྽ж҂ܴዴቹៜుᇻޑϪي౜ຝǵаϷ೏ࣴزޣΏԿܭךॺԾρޑޗ

཮…׳Ԗճܭޗ཮ჴ፬πբ˭炷湫ㅱ屜 2008:404炸䘬嫁〕冒䚩炻㚳⍳⿸⾽㛒㚦⿅

侫ㆾ㍍妠ˤỮ忁㗗ᶨᾳ嬎妲炻⛐㊤㤕䷦䵕㊩⬠埻傥慷䘬忶䦳ᷕ炻冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹塓䔞 ἄˬ⓷柴˭ㆾˬ㟰ἳ˭侴⭊橼⊾䘬⬀⛐㕤⚾㚠棐䘬㚠㝞ᶲ⶚㚱䚠䔞えᷭ䘬㬟⎚炻 冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹⶚䃞㈧⍿Ḯ⣒⣂姒⓷ˣ䞼䨞冯婧㞍炻军㬌⶚䃞䓊䓇⻟䁰䘬⍕῎炻䈡⇍

㗗⮵㕤ᶨṃˬ䴻℠˭䘬悐句侴妨炻㭷ᶨ㫉䘬䤕℠䷥㗗⃭㕍㆟㚱⎬䧖⬠埻゛⁷侭シ

⚾嵐役ˤᶨ㫉⍫冯冢⊿䷋⍇㮹⯨⥼妿ᷕ䞼昊䣦㚫㇨忚埴䘬䞼䨞㟰炻⍿姒侭䚠䔞䚜

㍍䘬婒ˬךޕၰգॺٰा଺ϙሶǴ؂ԛ೿ٰє໣ךॺ໒཮ǵೖୢǴ่݀ϙሶୢᚒ

೿ؒԖှ،Ǵབϙሶ჊Ƕ˭忁㧋柣䷩䘬㍍⍿⎬䧖⊭㊔Ṣ栆⬠⭞炷䞼䨞䓇炸⛐ℏ⢾

Ṣ姒⓷炻柣䷩䘬塓㩊夾ˣ⭊橼⊾ˣ㚠⮓㇨⯽䎦䘬㪲≃䘬ᶵ⸛䫱⚢䃞⺽Ṣ⍵デ炻≈

ᶲ⍇㛔⌛晙晙⬀⛐䵲⻝䘬㕷佌斄Ὢ㚜ἧね⊊暒ᶲ≈曄炻ᶨ㗪ᷳ攻ㆹ䘬⎴⬠Ᾱᶨ朊

゛⁷悐句䘬䷥䷥炻ᶨ㕡朊⍰⮵斄Ὢ䘬⺢䩳䓊䓇䃎ㄖ炻ˬᏢߏǴёаፎୢգࢂ࡛ሶ

ࡷᒧҖഁӦᗺ烎˭ˣˬᏢߏǴգࢂ࡛ሶၟҖഁޑൔᏤΓࡌҥᜢ߯烎˭㭷㭷朊⮵忁 㧋䘬⓷柴炻ㆹ䷥䃉㱽ẍᶨᾳ⎰᷶䎮婾冯㑵ἄ㈨ⶏ䘬㕡⺷䴎Ḱ怑䔞䘬⚆ㅱˤ

٣ჴ΢ǴךؒԖڅཀޑ൨؃΋ঁёૈޑҖഁӦᗺǴ೛ۓୢᚒǴ٠Ъࡪྣ

຾ࡋޑֹԋ΋ঁӝЯೕጄޑࣴزǶ

Βǵ຾ΕǴޗ཮يҽޑᕇठ

2002⸜忚ℍ⚳䩳㓧㱣⣏⬠䘬㏕單䀋䣦⁵炷Talu’an炸ᷳ⇵炻ㆹḇ㗗ᶨᾳ⽆㔯㛔ᶲ 娵嬀ˬ⍇ỷ㮹˭䘬⬠䓇炻䔞䃞㭷ᾳṢ⽆⮷悥㚫㚱ᶨ㭝ˬ冯⍇ỷ㮹ℙ⎴䘬䓇㳣䴻槿˭

6-ㆹḇᶵἳ⢾-Ữ恋㧋䘬䓇␥䴻槿℞⮎㰺㚱䔁ᶳ⣒⣂㶙⇣䘬䕽嶉ˤ㌺䀋㕷䘬 Djavaus 㗗ㆹ䘬䫔ᶨᾳ屜Ṣ炻⤡ⷞ柀ㆹ⍫≈Ḯ㓧⣏䘬㏕單䀋䣦炻忁ᶨᾳ䣦⛀㗗 1980 ⸜ẋ⍇

忳桐崟暚㸏䘬㗪ẋᷕ⺢䩳炻昌Ḯ嬨㚠冯䲣ᶲ㳣≽炻⣏悐↮䘬㗪攻㗗剙⛐⍫冯䣦⛀

ἳ㚫ˣ㳣≽⯽㺼ˣAm⁷⇘⣑Ṗ炷倂㚫炸…⯙忁㧋炻⍫冯Ḯ⮯役⋩⸜ˤ⚈㬌䣦⛀㗗ㆹ 䘬崟溆炻忚ℍḮ⍇ỷ㮹⬠䓇䘬Ṣ晃䵚䴉炻⼊ㆸḮㆹᷣ天䘬Ṍ⍳⚰ˤ2002 ⸜⢷⣑ㆹ

⍫冯Ḯ㔯⺢㚫⛐悥嗕冱彎䘬ㆸ攟䆇炻Alutang炷㛶⼿䓟炸㗗ㆹ䓇␥ᷕ⎎ᶨᾳ屜Ṣ炻 㗗Ṿ䁢ㆹ⍾Ḯ Fotol⁸忁ᶨᾳ⎵⫿-≯㔊䘬⤥Ṣ炻㚱Ḯ⛐⎎ᶨᾳ䣦㚫䘬ỵ伖冯攳⥳ˤ 晐⼴⚈䶋晃㚫塓㚳⍳怨婳⇘Ḯ楔⣒朵ˣ㷗⎋ˣ暣⃱炻ẍᶨᾳ㚳⍳䘬幓ấṳℍḮ悐 句䘬䓇㳣炻侴ᶵ㗗ẍᶨᾳ䞼䨞䓇䘬幓ấ忚ℍ忚埴䓘慶婧㞍炻ㆹ⎒㗗ケ⾓䘬ẍᶨ䧖 冺㚵䘬㕡⺷䓇㳣炻⽫墉㰺㚱ảỽ䘬␥柴␴枸姕炻╖䲼⛘䓐幓橼䘬㭷ᶨấデ⭀⍣デ

⍿ Pangch/Amis 䘬 Ethnicity 徸㻠伖㎃ㆾ旬≈⇘ㆹ䘬䣦㚫幓ấ䘬忶䦳ˤ䔞䃞炻ㆹ䘬 Langus䴎Ḯㆹ⎎ᶨ⣿䓇㳣㭼庫䘬㝞㥳炻ἄ䁢 Bunun 䘬 Kadafu⁹炻ㆹ⽭枰娵嬀⎎ᶨ⣿

䘬䓇㳣冯䓇␥䴻槿ˤ㕤㗗⎬䧖䣦㚫幓ấˣ䎦ẋ⿏䘬㜙大ˣᶵ⎴䘬㔯⊾奨⾝ẍ⍲⬠

埻妻䶜≈媠⛐ㆹ䘬幓ᶲ炻䚜⇘㚱ᶨ⣑炻ㆹ䘤䎦⽭枰丛Ṍ婾㔯Ḯ炻ㆹ⮓炻ㆹ⿅侫炻 ㆹ⚆␛㭷ᶨấ姀ㅞ冯デ⍿炻怬⤥ㆹ㚱⮓㖍姀䘬佺ㄋ炻怬⤥ㆹシ嬀⇘ㆹ゛ἄ䘬㗗Ṩ 湤炻ˬO ma’an ko Pangcah˭ˤ

5 ㏕單䀋䣦㗗⺢䩳㕤 1995 ⸜炻䓙⛐㓧⣏䘬⍇ỷ㮹⬠䓇㇨䳬ㆸ炻Talu’an ⯙㗗 Pangcah/Amis 婆ᷕˬⶍ

⮖˭ㆾˬ倂㚫㇨˭䘬シ⿅炻晙╣䁢⍇ỷ㮹⬠䓇⛐㓧⣏䘬⭞ˤ

6 䚳忶⤥⸦㛔婾㔯冯⮰㚠⛐℞⸷ᷕ⼨⼨≈ᶲ忁ᶨ㭝㔯⫿炻Ụ᷶シ㫚≈⻟冒ㆹ婾徘䘬㪲⦩⿏ˤỮ炻忁 㧋䘬シ佑㗗Ṩ湤烎Ṿ䘬䓇␥䴻槿⎗ẍℙṓ⇘Ṩ湤⛘㬍炻䳘䭨㗗Ṩ湤烎⌣㛒㚦℔攳塓㩊夾炻⚈侴㳩㕤 䄥ねˤ

7 ⎱Ṿ␴⻎炻姙⣂⍇ỷ㮹⁛ⓙ㫴嫈悥ẍ㬌␴⻎䁢➢婧炻㓭ẍ Am 㭼╣枛㦪倂㚫ˤ

8 㬌䁢旧伶婆伭楔㊤枛㕡⺷炻劍ẍ劙㔯冒䃞䘤枛㱽庫役Ụ烉Futurˤ

9

13

ΟǵБݤǺ๊ჹޑ࿶ᡍЬက/ၸำǺҗғڮ࿶ᡍբࣁન׷

⚈㬌⛐朊⮵ˬ䞼䨞㕡㱽˭冯ˬ䞼䨞忶䦳˭忁ᾳ悐↮㗪炻䚠䔞⯟⯔ˤ⚈䁢ⶍἄ 㨇㚫炻ㆹ㑩㚱ᶨṃ㶙⹎姒婯ˣ䃎溆⛀橼䘬㑵ἄ㨇㚫炻ḇ⽆℞ᷕ㍸䃱ᶵ⮹デ奢冯゛

㱽炻Ữ恋䬿ㆹ䘬╶烎ㆹᶨ崟嶇叿 Pakarongay¹⁰⛐㱛怲㿹䵚炻䨧叿㕷㚵⛐㚫⟜ᷕ

Hahay¹¹炻ḇ㚦⼤㬌㉱叿ㇳ朊⮵捖㙜嬎⮇⮵ㆹᾹ䘬㭮ㇻˣᶲ扔¹²炻忁ṃ䬿㗗⍫冯奨

⮇╶烎埴≽䞼䨞╶烎

ךࢂ΋ঁߚڂࠠޑࣴزғǴ΋ӵ೭ҁፕЎǶ

⤥⛐ㆹᶨ䚜⬀⛐叿⻟䁰䘬ΐ䎮奨⾝炻㰺㚱シ⚾㫢䝆忁ṃ䎦⛐䚳崟Ἦ㗗⟙⮶Ṣ 䘬㚳⍳Ᾱ炻‟‟䘬㑘⮓ㆹ䘬婾㔯炻㈲ṾᾹ⮵ㆹ䃉䥩䘬↮ṓ〬〬䘬廱⊾䁢㔯⫿䳬䷼

崟Ἦ炻ㆸ䁢ㆹ䌚农㝸ᶨ䧖䣦㚫ỵ伖䘬嶷㜧炻⤪㝄㗗忁㧋䘬娙炻ㆹ㚱ハ㕤 Fotol 忁ᶨ ᾳ⎵⫿炻怬⤥ṾᾹ䞍忻ㆹ⼿⮓婾㔯炻⎒㗗ᶵ䞍忻天ἄṨ湤炻ㆹ㚱⽭天⚆⇘㇨㍸⍲

䘬⚃ᾳ悐句炻⏲姜ṾᾹ烉ㆹ⬴ㆸḮᶨᾳ⮷⮷䘬⽫⼿⟙⏲ˤḇ⽭枰⏲䞍ㆹ䘬嬨侭炻

㇨媪䘬ˬ䞼䨞忶䦳˭冯ˬ㕡㱽˭ẍ⍲ˬㆹ˭⛐℞ᷕ䘬ỵ伖ˤ

⥹ᶼ䧙ᷳ䁢ˬ⍫冯奨⮇˭ˤ⚃ᾳ悐句䘬怠㑯᷎朆晐㨇炻侴㗗㚱シ嬀䘬⛐㑘⮓

忶䦳ᷕ怠⍾炻⶚⏰䎦㕤䫔Ḵ䭨-斄㕤⬠埻䞼䨞䎮䓙䘬悐↮ˤ⚃ᾳ悐句ᷳ⢾䘬㗗炻⊭

㊔悥嗕ˣ㕘楁嗕ˣ⣏楔嗕炷楔䔞/⚃䵕炸ˣ⣒⶜⠙ˣ⣯伶ˣ⛇❶ˣ㹒㳚ˣ㕘⊿ⶪ倗

⎰寸⸜䤕ˣ䐆㸸-䐆␴ˣ⭴㸸ˣ㜙㖴……⛐忁ṃ悐句寸⸜䤕ᷕᶵ⎴䦳⹎䘬⍫冯ㆾ⍫

≈炻ẍ⍲⣂⸜Ἦ⛐冢⊿⍇ỷ㮹⬠䓇⚰䘬䓇␥䴻槿炻≈ᶲ忶⍣ᶨ⸜㇨⺢㥳ˬ㉱㶭⭺˭

10 Pangcah/Amis婆烉㊯䓟⫸⸜漉昶䳂䳬䷼ᷕ䘬妻䶜䳬炻䲬䁢曺㗍㛇䘬曺⮹⸜ˤ

11 Pangcah/Amis婆烉准巰䘬䯉䧙炻⍾℞ Hahay 䘬䫼ⓙ炻忂ⷠ㗗寸⸜䤕㫴嫈炻䚠⮵Ḱ㬋⺷䘬 Malikuda炷寸⸜䤕准炸䘬䓐㱽ˤ

12 2007⸜⍫冯冢⊿䷋ᶱ浗悐句⍵従怟㳣≽炻怕捖㙜嬎⮇忖㋽炻㔠䘦⎵ℐ∗㬎墅㊩嬎㡵ˣ攟䚦䘬嬎

⮇朊⮵ᶵ⇘⋩⎵䃉ảỽ旚⁁⛸⛐䫔ᶨ䶂䘬⍇ỷ㮹⣏⬠䓇ˣ侩Ṣ⭞忚埴㤝䁢䰿㙜䘬㭮ㇻ冯忖㋽炻忶 䦳⬴ℐẍṢ䇮⚵⚰旣㑳姀侭㉵㓅炻᷎⎹⨺橼⭋䧙㗗ㆹᾹ㙜≃㉝㈿侴➟シᶲㇳ扔䦣復⛘㩊会”彎炻 䴻忶ᶨ⸜⣂䘬⮑䎮炻㩊⮇⭀⃩ẍᶵ嗽↮婾嗽ˤ

13忁ᶨᾳ昶䳂䘬 Saslal¹⁴㳣≽ˤⶍἄ䘬斄Ὢ炻㚦⛐冢⊿⛘⋨䘬 Pangcah/Amis 倂句姒 夾炻␴剙咖慴㺷䘬 Cikawasay¹⁵ᾹṌ㳩炻⽆忁ṃℏ⊾⛐ㆹ䓇␥ᷕ䘬䴻槿ἄ䁢䳈㛸- ᶨ⤪Verrier Elvinˬךόૈ໻໻᎞၌ୢǴԶࢂा٬Γᜪޑޕ᛽೴ᅌᑈಕԋךғڮޑ

΋೽ϩǶ˭炷Elvin 1964:142炸恋㗗ㆹ怠㑯䘬ˬ㕡㱽˭ˤ

恋㗗Ὰ忶Ἦ䘬炻䚠⮵㕤枸⃰姕⭂⤥䘬嬘柴⇵⼨吸普屯㕁炻ㆹ㗗⛐ㆹ䘬䴻槿炷屯 㕁炸ᷕ⮳㈦䳈㛸炻᷎ẍᶨᾳ䓴᷶⯨ℏṢ冯⯨⢾Ṣᷳ攻䘬幓ấ㩊夾冯娖慳炻恋ᶨᾳ 奺⹎Ụ᷶㬋ⶏ㗗Ṣ栆⬠⭞シ㫚⇘忼䘬ỵ伖炻∑ᶳ䘬⯙䚳ㆹ婒ᶵ婒䘬㶭㤂ˤ

13䓙冢⊿㔁做⣏⬠⬠䓇 Daong ㇨䘤崟䘬⺢䩳ˬ⍳┬䘬㕷婆⬠佺䑘⠫˭ẍ⍲ˬ㔯⊾天䳈ἄ䁢⬠佺䚖㧁˭

䘬⬿㖐ᶲ⺢䩳䘬倗婤⿏䳬䷼炻ᶵ⭂㛇䘬冱埴㳣≽炻⍫冯侭⣂䁢㕭⊿ Pangcah ⬠䓇ˤ

14 Pangcah/Amis婆烉Sa ἧᷳㆸ䁢ⶍ℟ˣSlal ⸜漉昶䳂䳬䷼炻⚈㬌 Saslal ㊯䘬㗗ἧ Slal ㆸ䁢 Slal 䘬 㳣≽ˣ冱㍒ˣ倂㚫ˣ㕡㱽䫱シ佑ˤ

15 Pangcah/Amis婆烉䤕ⷓ炻忶⍣侣嬗䁢ⶓⷓ炻Ữⶓ⛐ᷕ㔯婆⠫ᷕⷞ㚱属佑炻㓭ὅ⽒ Pangcah ⬠侭

15

ಃ

ಃΒക Pangcah/Amis ЎϯޑӅӕ܄ᆶৡ౦܄

ӵ݀੿Ԗ΋ঁܜຝޑߓऍ௼ЎϯǴ߾ѬᆶךॺவᆫပԄޑࣴز܌ளϐЎ ϯԖՖᜢ߯ګǻ炷湫⭋堃 2005b:31炸

ἄ䁢ᶨᾳ⓷柴シ嬀炻湫䘬⓷柴⎗ẍ↮ㆸℑᾳⰌ㫉烉1.㗗㉥尉侴㘖念䘬㔯⊾⍇⇯

ㆾ䳸㥳炻⛐旧伶㕷ᷕ⬀ᶵ⬀⛐烎ㆾ侭炻䓂湤㧋䘬㔯⊾䎦尉塓㕷ṢㆾṾ侭⺽䁢⼘栗

℞㕷佌⿏炷ethnicity炸⬀⛐䘬ˬ怲䓴˭烎2.㴱⍲䞼䨞㕡㱽炻德忶╖ᶨ䓘慶⛘䞼䨞䘬

⬠埻⁛䴙炻ㆹᾹ⤪ỽ朊⮵⛘➇䈡⿏㇨忈ㆸ䘬ⶖ䔘烎⍰⤪ỽ妋慳ⶖ䔘冯㘖念⍇⇯ᷳ

攻䘬斄Ὢ烎

㖑㛇䘬⬠埻ⶍἄ侭⛐忚埴 Pangcah/Amis 䘬䞼䨞ⶍἄ㗪ὧ⶚シ嬀⇘㕷佌ℏ悐㇨

䓊䓇䘬⛘➇⊾ⶖ䔘炻湫⭋堃炷2000炸娵䁢忁栆䘬ⶖ䔘Ἦ冒㕤㬟⎚䘤⯽忶䦳ᷕᶵ⎴

⋨➇䘬㕷佌斄Ὢˣ䓇㤕冯㸸㳩炻℞ᷕ㖑㛇䘬㕷佌斄Ὢ㚨䁢斄挝ˤ⹟➡⽟炷1999炸

⇯娵䁢烉

೷ԋ 20 Шइ߃ߓऍ௼ԛભიᡏӧᇟقǵಞ߫΢ౢғ٤༾ৡ౦ޑচӢǴ߾

ࢂ୷ܭԭԃٰ۶ԜӧӦ౛ޜ໔΢ޑېҥǶ೷ԋԜېҥޑӢનǴନߓऍ௼

Ӛ௼ǵ׸ပ໔ޑҬᏯ܌೷ԋޑ౽୏ᆶޜ໔ޑӆ᏾ӝѦǴѦ௼ޑ౽Εҭࢂ

΋ख़ाচӢǶ炷⹟➡⽟ 1999:243炸

㎃妨ᷳ炻ℑ侭䚳㱽⣏农ᶲ䘮娵䁢冯⢾悐㓧㱣䴻㾇䳸㥳䘬Ḻ≽⼊⟹Ḯ冒 20 ᶾ䲨 ẍἮ䞼䨞侭㇨シ嬀⇘㕷佌䘬⛘➇⊾ⶖ䔘炻侴⾥䔍Ḯ㔯⊾₡ῤ䘬シ佑ˤ䫮侭㒔⯙忶

⍣⬠埻ⶍἄ侭⮵㕤 Pangcah/Amis Ṣ䘬䞼䨞⚆栏炻⯙㕷⎵/↮Ựˣ奒Ⱄˣ㓧㱣ˣ䴻㾇ˣ

⬿㔁䫱Ⰼ朊䴎Ḱᶨᾳ㘖念⿏␴ⶖ䔘⿏䘬⚾⁷炻㬌ᶨ⚾⁷⚢䃞⎗傥㗗ᶵ⎴㬟⎚昶㭝 䘬⏰䎦炻⎴㗪ḇᶵ傥㌺昌䞼䨞侭ὅ℞ᾳṢ䎮婾妻䶜ˣ䞼䨞㖐嵋ˣ⬠埻䎮⾝冯䓘慶 ⶍἄᷳᶵ⎴忈ㆸ䘬ⶖ䔘ˤ

ಃ΋࿯ ௼Ӝᆶس಍ϩᜪ

ˬNgay’ay ho salikaka mapolongǴךࢂ Pangcah/Amis ޑ Kolas˭㘂ᶲ 7 溆炻⍇

ỷ㮹㕷暣夾冢䫔 16 柣忻㬋㑕㓦㘂攻㕘倆炻ᷣ㑕㗗ˬ旧伶㕷˭䘬 Kolas炻Ữ⛐㕘倆 ℏ⭡冯㯋尉⟙⮶ᷕ炻ㆹᾹ㇨倥⇘䘬ᶵ㚫㗗ˬ旧伶㕷˭炻侴㗗 Pangcah/Amis ᷎↿䘬䧙

␤ˤ

冒匟嗕ˣᷕ⚳㶭ẋ德忶䨢攻㊯䧙䘬⛘➇⿏娵䞍炻⇘㖍㱣㗪㛇ẍ㮹㕷⬠㕡㱽㇨

⺢䩳ˬ旧伶㕷˭冯ẍ旵⎬㫉䳂↮栆攻䘬䲣嬄斄Ὢ炻德忶忁栆Ἦ冒⢾悐䘬ˬ≃慷㈨ 喅˭炷power technique¹⁶炸⎰㱽⊾娚佌橼⛐㬾㮹⛘ℏ䘬䣦㚫ỵ伖炻㬌ᶨ忶䦳⺞临军ᷕ

厗㮹⚳㗪㛇ˤ1980 ⸜ẋ妋♜⇵⼴㕤⍇ỷ㮹忳≽傰䴉ᶳ炻ˬ㬋⎵˭ㆸ䁢⍇ỷ㮹⮵㕤尉

⽝㪲≃斄Ὢ⍵廱䘬ẩ⚾侴忚埴ᶨ䲣↿⊭㊔烉ˬ㲃⍇ỷ㮹㕷シ嬀˭䘬⺢㥳冯⮵㕤冒ㆹ 㕷佌婾徘䘬慵㥳/ℵ娖慳䘬㓧㱣/㔯⊾忳≽ˤ⁛䴙ˬ旧伶㕷˭㤪⾝ᶳ炻⎬䧖⣂㧋䘬䧙

␤Ṏ冒㕷Ṣ㖍ⷠ䓇㳣䘬⮎嶸傰䴉忚ℍ冢䀋⣏䣦㚫炻冯ᷳ慵㕘⺢䩳崟䚠Ḻᷣ橼斄Ὢˤ

Pangcah/Amis ℑ䧖㕷䧙悥⛐㖍ⷠ䓇㳣ᷕἧ䓐炻Pangcah 㗗ˬㆹᾹ忁ᶨ佌Ṣ˭烊 侴 Amis ⇯㗗ˬ⊿㕡˭䘬シ佑炻䁢ˬ⊿㕡Ṣ˭炻ᷕ㔯ˬ旧伶㕷˭ᶨ娆ὧ䓙 Amis 廱ᷕ

㔯⊾侴Ἦˤ⎗ẍ䰿䔍䘬婒炻Pangcah 㗗剙咖㕷Ṣ䘬䧙␤炻侴 Amis ⇯㗗庫⋿㕡冢㜙 䘬䧙㱽ˤ㖑㛇⮵㕤 Amis 娆⼁䘬䓙Ἦ㊯⎹⋹⋿Ṣ䧙␤ˬ⊿㕡˭䁢 Hami ㆾ Amis¹⁷炷冢

⊿ⷅ⚳⣏⬠⛇὿-Ṣ䧖⬠㔁⭌ 2011[1935]:475炸炻⚈㬌 Amis 㗗⬫䧙侴朆冒䧙ˤỮ劍 侫䨞㔜ᾳ Pangcah/Amis 㕷佌㖑㛇䘬䦣≽⎚炻⎗ẍ䘤䎦℞⋿⊿⽒䑘䘬⁦⎹炻⚈㬌⯙

怷廗ᶲ䧙␤冒⶙㗗⽆⊿㕡Ἦ䘬 Amis ᷎䃉ᶵ⎗炻Amis ⛐ Pangcah/Amis 婆Ṏ䁢ˬ⊿

16 Power Technique䘬㤪⾝Ἦ冒㕤 Keyes炷1995炸┇䘤冒‭䥹⮵㕤㪲≃䘬㤪⾝烉⚳⭞ˣ⬠埻䞼䨞ⶍ ἄ侭䫱≃慷啱䓙䥹⬠ˣ㮹㕷⬠䫱㕡⺷䓴⭂ᶨ⣿ Ethnic Group 䘬婾徘炻䈡⇍㗗⭂佑ˣ↮栆冯䲣嬄斄 Ὢˤ

17 侴⛐℞㔯⊾㤪⾝ᷕˬ⊿㕡˭㗗慵天㊯㴱炻夳媠㕤⸜䤕䘬 paylawlaw 䤕㫴ˬ⇘⊿㕡⍣˭㗗䚠䔞慵天 䘬ᷣ柴炻側⼴㗗⏎㗗㔯⊾怷廗ˣ⬿㔁㤪⾝ㆾ㗗忶⍣㬟⎚斄Ὢ䘬晙╣炻䔁⼭⼴Ṣ忚埴㚜㶙ᶨ㬍䘬妶 婾ˤ侴ˬ౜ӧȐࡪǺ1930 ԃжȑӭᆀڥࣁ PapianǶ˭炷冢⊿ⷅ⚳⣏⬠⛇὿-Ṣ䧖⬠㔁⭌ 2011[1935]:475炸 䘬䧙␤㕡⺷炻䁢ˬ⤜晠˭炻味⚈㖑㛇⋹⋿Ṣ冯旧伶Ṣ斄Ὢ䵲⻝炻侴⋹⋿Ṣ庫䁢⻟⊊炻䴻ⷠ⮵℞㉥

17

㕡˭ᷳ佑炻㚱ỽ䎮䓙朆⼿ẍ⋹⋿婆䘬㕡⺷Ἦ娖慳烎䚠庫ᷳᶳ炻䓙㕤ἧ䓐Ṣ⎋庫⣂炻 楔㶝㜙ᶨ㚦⺢嬘ẍࣃࣥࢨ࣮ ࢢ炷Bangzah-gu炸㕷Ἦ␥⎵¹⁸炻Ữ斄㕤 Pangcah 䘬䧙␤炻 Ṏ㚱⟙⮶Ṣ娵䁢Ἦ冒㶭㛅Ṣˬ䔒䣦˭炷Huan-sia炸䘬廱嬗炻侴朆䲼䱡䘬冒䧙ˤᶵ婾 忶⍣ㆾ䔞ẋ炻ẍ冒⶙䘬悐句炻ἳ⤪烉Fata’an 䘬ˣFakong 䘬ˣCikasoan 䘬烊ㆾ⛘➇

⊾㮷㕷䲣䴙炻ἳ⤪烉PacidalˣKakupa 䫱䧙␤炻ㆾ⤪㚵梦䲣䴙䫱⛘㕡䞍嬀↮栆䭬䔯 ἄ䁢⎎ᶨⰌ䘬娵⎴冯⼤㬌斄Ὢ䘬䓴⭂㕡⺷Ṏ冯普橼゛⁷䘬 Pangcah/Amis 娵⎴᷎埴 ᶵ〾ˤ

17ᶾ䲨匟嗕柀冢㛇攻➢㕤⮵湫慹䘬暨㯪炻㚦㕤 1642ˣ1643 冯 1645 ⸜㔠⹎㳦 怋冢䀋㜙悐㍊晒昲炻姀抬ᶳḮ䷙察冯㴟Ⱡ⛘ⷞ䘬⍇ỷ㮹悐句炻℞ᷕᶵ⮹悐句ṵ傥 冯䎦Ṳ䘬悐句⺢䩳⮵ㅱ炻ἳ⤪烉VatanÆFata’an炷楔⣒朵炸ˣLinauwÆLidaw炷㜙㖴炸ˤ 侴⛐ 18ˣ19 ᶾ䲨䘬㶭ⷅ⚳⮵㕤⼴Ⱉ䘬姀徘ᷕ炻ἳ⤪烉啵溶⃫炷㜙⼩䲨 1733炸ˣ㰰 叮㤐炷攳Ⱉ㑓䔒⣷㐢 1875炸ˣ⢷䌣䵠炷冢䀋廧⚾ 1879炸䫱Ṣ䘬⣷㐢ˣ廧⚾⣂ẍ⛘

➇䘬㤪⾝堐忼℞⮵㜙冢䀋䘬䎮妋炻媠⤪烉䚜儛⭋Ḽ䣦ˣⲯ䇣ℓ䣦ˣ⋿⊊䔒……䫱炻 晐㕷佌攻Ḻ≽䘬柣䷩徸㬍䓊䓇ˬ旧䚱䔒˭-㕷佌䘬㤪⾝冯䧙␤ˤ

大㕡㮹㕷⬠⺷䘬↮栆⥳冒 1895 ⸜㖍㛔柀冢⼴⮵冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹⛘⋨䘬㍊⊀冯䞼 䨞ˤ1897 ⸜沍⯭漵啷ẍ䥨⥹⵺㹒䁢䓴⋨↮⋿⊿ℑ佌炻Ẳ傥▱䞑冯㞿慶⁛ᷳ᷆䘬ˬ哫 Ṣḳね˭炷1899炸⇯ẍ⛘䎮↮Ự䁢➢㸾⋨↮烉1.⿮㗍旧伶 2.⋹⋿旧伶 3.㴟Ⱡ旧伶 4.

䥨⥹⵺旧伶冯 5.⣯厲旧伶ˤ忁㧋䘬Ḽ↮㱽⼙枧⇘⼴临䘬↮栆㕡⺷炻ἳ⤪烉䦣ⶅ⫸

ᷳ啷ˣ楔㶝㜙ᶨ冯⭖㛔⺞Ṣ䫱炷1935炸¹⁹ẍ⍲⃱⽑⼴䘬⬠侭⤪∱㔴晬ˣ旖㖴扛䫱Ṣˤ ỸⰙ圵⎱炷1914炸⇯㍸↢ᶱ↮㱽炻↮䁢⊿悐佌炷⊭⏓⋿⊊ˬ䔒˭炸ˣᷕ悐佌炷䥨⥹

⵺ˬ䔒˭炻㚱㗪㚫⮯㴟Ⱡ旧伶䲵ℍ炸冯⋿悐佌炷⊭㊔⋹⋿旧伶ˣ⿮㗍旧伶炻㚱㗪㚫

18 ˬ昌㕘㷗旬役⇘悥搦䣦ᶨⷞ㴟ⱠⰙ傰ẍ㜙䘬媠䣦ᷳ⢾炻⣏⣂㔠⋨➇㘖念ẍ Pangcah 冒䧙ˤ˭炷冢

⊿ⷅ⚳⣏⬠⛇὿-Ṣ䧖⬠㔁⭌ 2011[1935]:475炸 ⎎⢾炻䫮侭㍐婾炻Pangcah/Amis Ṣ㖑㛇䘬㻊㔯䧙␤

-旧䚱ˣ旧伶冯㜙冢䀋攳䘤㬟䦳㚱斄炻㶭㱣㗪㛇⮵㜙冢䀋䘬攳䘤ẍ冢㜙⛘⋨庫㖑炻䃉婾楸幵ˣ⭀

会ˣ㮹⸬䘮ẍ㬌䁢ᷣ炻⚈侴ẍ䔞⛘Ṣ䘬䧙␤ Amis Ἦ␥⎵炻⮎Ⱄ冒䃞炻ᶼ栗䣢Ḯẍ㻊Ṣ䁢ᷕ⽫䘬䔘 㕷奨ˤ

19 ⮯⣯厲旧伶㓡䁢⋿⊊旧伶

䲵ℍ㴟Ⱡ旧伶炸ˤ㱛慶╄ℕ冯堃よ㜿⇯㚦㟡㒂䣦㚫䳬䷼-䈡⇍㗗奒㕷䳬䷼-⋨↮

Pangcah/Amis䁢⋿⊿ℑ䲣䴙烉⋿䲣䴙²⁰ẍ楔嗕䣦䁢ẋ堐烊⊿䲣䴙²¹⇯ẍ⋿⊊旧伶ᶱ 䣦炷慴㺷ˣ唬唬ˣ匛嗕炸䁢ẋ堐炻䓐ẍ妋慳旧伶㔯⊾䘬ⶖ䔘⿏ˤ

堃よ㜿娵䁢⌛ἧ楔嗕旧伶冯⿮㗍旧伶ˣ䥨⥹⵺冯⋿⊊旧伶䘮㚱ᶵ⎴䘬嬲䔘炻 ỮⰔ㕤㫉天䘬炻➢㛔䘬ˬৎ௼ᄬԋࠠᄊǵஆ࠷ᆶᒃ௼ᝩ༓ݤ߾Ǵ᏾ঁߓऍ௼εठ

ࢂ࣬ӕޑ˭炷堃よ㜿 1961:1炸ˤ

ಃΒ࿯ ΓαǵӦ౛ᆶ྽жϩѲ

2011⸜ 4 㚰ấ⍇ỷ㮹Ṣ⎋䴙妰㊯↢炻Pangcah/Amis Ṣ⎋䁢 188炻797 Ṣ²²炻⌈

ℐ⚳⍇ỷ㮹Ṣ⎋ 514炻824 Ṣ䘬 36.67%炻䁢冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷ᷕṢ⎋㚨⣂䘬ᶨ㕷ˤ䌳Ṣ 劙炷1967炸㊯↢炻℞Ṣ⎋⛐ 1912- 1964 ⸜ᷳ攻⛯冯㻊㕷㚱叿栆Ụ䘬ㆸ攟嵐⊊炻Ṣ

⎋䘬⸛⛯ㆸ攟䌯⛐ 17-35% 攻炻嵐⊊⏰䎦忶㷉⡆攟Ṣ⎋䘬㚚䶂炷population of transitional grouth炸堐䎦↢庫檀䘬ㆸ攟䌯冯ᶳ旵ᷕ䘬㬣ṉ䌯炻ἄ侭娵䁢㗗庫㖑㍍⍿

㻊⊾䘬⚈䳈炻侴湫⭋堃炷2005b炸⇯娵䁢 1.ˬ旧伶㕷⚈䁢㉝㈿⢾㕷㓧㪲侴⮶农Ṣ⎋

㷃⮹䘬ね⼊栗䃞㭼庫⮹夳˭炻2.ẍ⭀㕡䴙妰屯㕁侴妨炻冯䓇㳣㓡┬㚱斄䘬㊯㧁䘮冯

℞Ṿ㕷佌ˬ栗⼿䧵㤝˭ˤ湫Ṏ娵䁢㬟⎚忶䦳ᷕ姙⣂塓旧伶⊾䘬⸛❼㕷Ṏ㗗Ṣ⎋⡆≈

䘬⎗傥⍇⚈ˤ䓙㕤ˬ⍇ỷ㮹幓↮娵⭂˭㍉⸛⛘Ⱉ傆炷⍇ỷ㮹炸冯Ⱉ⛘Ⱉ傆炷⍇

ỷ㮹炸ℑ栆炻⎬冒㚱℞ᶵ⎴䘬㱽⭂㪲䙲炻侴ˬ㕷⇍䘣姀˭忶⍣仢᷷ḅ㕷²³ᷳ⢾䘬怠 枭ᶼ昌䴙妰⢾䃉䈡㬲㱽⭂㪲䙲炻⚈㬌Ṳ㖍⶚Ⱄ䌐䩳㬋⎵⛘ỵᷳ⍇ỷ㮹㕷-㐺⣯厲晭 㕷炷Sakizaya/Sakiraya炸冯☞䐒嗕㕷炷Kavalan/Kevalan炸冯⯂㛒䌐䩳㬋⎵䘬大㉱晭 㕷ˣ楔⌉忻㕷䫱⸛❼㕷䓙㕤攟㛇冯 Pangcah/Amis Ṣℙ⎴䓇㳣炻⎴Ⱄ⸛⛘Ⱉ傆炷⍇

20 ⌛⣏㷗⎋ẍ⋿炻㴟ⱠⰙ傰ẍ㜙ẍ⍲⋹⋿㹒㳩➇

21ġ ⌛䥨⥹⵺㹒⇘⣯厲⸛⍇

22ˬ埴㓧昊⍇ỷ㮹㕷⥼⒉㚫ℐ䎫屯妲䵚-⍇ỷ㮹Ṣ⎋䴙妰屯㕁˭ˤ䵚嶗屯㸸炻http烉 //www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docDetail.html烎

CID=940F9579765AC6A0&DID=0C3331F0EBD318C284DA3D97C03475DE炻2011 ⸜ 7 㚰 09 㖍ˤ

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19

ỷ㮹炸䘬幓↮忚埴㕷⇍䘣姀㗪⎗傥㚫怠㑯ẍˬ旧伶㕷˭幓↮䘣姀炻Ữ暨天≈ẍ侫 慷䘬㗗炻㮹⚳ 45 ⸜冢䀋䚩㓧⹄㇨枺⭂䘬ˬ冢䀋䚩⸛⛘Ⱉ傆娵⭂㧁㸾˭婒㖶烉ˬ↉ 㖍㒂㗪ẋ⯭ỷ⸛⛘埴㓧⋨➇ℏ炻℞⍇㇞⎋婧㞍䯧姀庱䁢ˬ檀Ⱉ㕷˭侭ˣ䁢⸛⛘Ⱉ 傆˭烊侴㮹⚳ 46 ⸜䚩㓧⹄Ḵ㫉↥䣢⇯㊯↢烉㇞䯵䘣姀䁢ˬ䅇˭Ṏㅱ娵䁢⸛⛘Ⱉ傆炻

ᷳ⼴⍰冱埴ᶱ㫉墄彎䘣姀炷46/48/52炸炻⯙䔞⸜㗪ẋ側㘗ᶳ炻Ṏ㚱Ṣ怠㑯㓦㡬℞⍇

ỷ㮹幓↮炻⚈㬌⡆⡆㷃㷃䨞䪇㚱⣂⮹ṢⰔˬ旧伶㕷㕷塼˭侴䃉⍇ỷ㮹幓↮ˣㆾ℟

⍇ỷ㮹幓↮ᶼ䘣姀䁢旧伶㕷⌣䁢Ṿ㕷ᷳ埨傌炻忁㚱岜㕤㚜䱦䡢䘬Ṣ⎋婧㞍ˤ

䔞ẋ Pangcah/Amis Ṣ⶚念ⶫℐ冢-䓂军⚈怈㲳㺩㤕侴ℍ䯵⋿朆ˣⷃ䎱侭-Ữ⍇

悱㗗ỵ㕤ᷕ⣖Ⱉ傰ẍ㜙䘬剙咖ˣ冢㜙ℑ䷋冯悐↮䘬⯷㜙䷋炻侴ẍ剙咖⣯厲⸛⍇ˣ

䷙察㰾䧵㇯-剙咖㹒ˣ䥨⥹⵺㹒ˣ⋹⋿㹒ᶱ⣏㳩➇冯㴟ⱠⰙ傰大“㹒㳩㇨⼊ㆸ⎬䧖 䌐䩳ㆾ墯⎰⺷㰾䧵㇯²⁴/㹒䀀²⁵/冢⛘/㱛昶²⁶ˣ㴟ⱠⰙ傰㱧䶂䙮⛘/㱛昶/㴟昶冯冢㜙⸛

⍇ ἄ 䁢 ᷣ 天 䘬 ⯭ ỷ ⛘ 炻 ℞ ᷕ 65% 䘬 侽 ⛘ 冯 Ṣ ⎋ 普 ᷕ 㕤 ䷙ 察 ⛘ ⷞ 炷 昛 㬋 䤍 1993:1200炸烊㯋῁ᶲ⇯Ⱄ∗䅙ⷞ㯋῁␴䅙ⷞ㯋῁炻㖍䄏䌯冯㖍䄏㗪㔠䓙㕤ỵ㕤ᷕ⣖

Ⱉ傰冯㴟ⱠⰙ傰ᷳ攻炻䷙察⛘ⷞ䘮ῷỶ炻ˬ剙咖ᷳ⸛⛯㖍䄏䌯⼿ 38%炻侴䲬䔍⎴

䶗⹎䘬冢ᷕ⇯䁢 59%˭炷⎴ᶲ⺽:1214炸ˤỵ㕤厚⼳屻㴟㜧⟲冯⣏映㜧⟲Ṍ䓴嗽䘬㜙 悐⛘暯ⷞ⍲⢷⬋桙桐椾䔞℞堅䘬⛘䎮ˣ㯋῁⚈䳈炻䷙察ℏ悐᷎ᶵ⇑㕤⣏夷㧉䘬彚 㤕攳䘤-䈡⇍㗗暨⣏夷㧉㯜⇑姕㕥䘬㻊⺷㯜䓘侽ἄˤ䱦厗⋨⛐䷙察⋿⊿ℑ䪗䘬⣯厲

⍇慶冯冢㜙⸛⍇炻⛇⢌⸛㰫塓㻊Ṣ冯⶚㍉埴㻊⺷㯜䓘侽ἄ䘬⸛❼㕷佌夾䁢儷儜ᷳ

⛘ˤPangcah/Amis Ṣὅ℞⍇㚱䘬䓇㤕㧉⺷ˣᾉẘ奨⾝ˣ⯭嗽⍇⇯䫱㔯⊾ㄋ佺⺢䩳

24 㒂⻝䐆㳍䫱Ṣ炷1994炸䘬䞼䨞炻ˬ䷙察⛘⋨朊䧵⛐ 2 ⸛㕡℔慴ẍᶲ䘬㰾䧵㇯妰㚱 31 ᾳ炻℞ᷕⰔ 㕤剙咖㹒䲣䁢 7 ᾳ炻䥨⥹⵺㹒䲣 13 ᾳ炻⋹⋿㹒 11 ᾳˤ侴ᷕ⣖Ⱉ傰“ 25 ㇯炻㴟ⱠⰙ傰“ 6 ㇯ˤ˭

炷⻝䐆㳍䫱 1994:68炸侴昛㬋䤍炷1993炸⇯堐䣢䷙察⛘ⷞ䘬㰾䧵㇯ˬ㰾䧵㇯朊䧵ℐ悐䲬⌈䷙察䷥朊 䧵ᷳᶨ⋲……䳬ㆸ䈑岒䁢䰿䣓炻㛒㚱⇑䓐₡ῤ烊㇯朊㹒⸲㷠䦣ᶵ⭂炻ảỽᶨ⸜䘮⎗傥䘤䓇⣏

㯜……彚䓘冯Ṣ⎋↮Ự悥性攳㰾䧵㇯㬋朊侴徨军月Ⱉ⬱ℐᷳ⛘˭炷1993:1203-1204炸

25 ˬ㹒䀀㇨⌈朊䧵ᷳ⺋炻⸦⍲䷙察䷥朊䧵ᶱ↮ᷳᶨ炻㇨㚱㹒䀀䘮⃭㺧䣓䞛……↮䁢ℑ栆烉ᶨ䁢㯠

ᷭ⿏炻㭷⸜㳒㯜㛇䘮⍿㶡㰺㰾⇟炻⮠勱ᶵ䓇烊⎎ᶨ䁢冐㗪⿏炻ⷠ⸜⎗⃵㕤㲃㾓炻℞ᶲ䓇攟暄勱炻

᷵䚳Ụ䁢⎗侽勺⛘炻℞⮎⸽ᶳṵ⃭㺧䞛䣓ˤ˭炷⎴ᶲ⺽:1204-1205炸

26 ䷙察⋿㭝冯ᷕ㭝㱛昶⛘⼊䘤忼炻↠栗㜙悐⛘⋨䘬⛘㭤忳≽冯㱛㳩⚆㗍ᶳ↯䎦尉炻农ἧ㱛昶⛘⼊

䘤忼ˤ炷⻝䐆㳍䫱 1992:38炸

ᶨ䲣↿⮵㕤⛘䎮䑘⠫␴㯋῁䘬⛘㕡䞍嬀炻ἳ⤪⏪ㅞ⏃炷2010炸德忶剙咖㷗⎋㴟Ⱡ

⛘⎵䘬␥⎵冯㔀ḳ⏰䎦 Pangcah/Amis ⤪ỽ德忶夾奢冯倥奢䘬㕡⺷⭂ỵ℞⛐㴟Ⱡ⛘

ⷞ䘬㖍ⷠ㍉普ⶍἄˤ

䔞ẋ埴㓧⋨➇冒剙咖⊿䪗㕘❶悱ˣ⎱⬱悱ˣ剙咖ⶪˣ⢥寸悱ˣ沛㜿捖ˣ叔㥖 悱ˣ⃱⽑悱ˣ䐆䧿悱ˣ䌱慴捖ˣ⭴慴悱ˣ寸㾙悱烊冢㜙䷋䘬㰈ᶲ悱ˣ斄Ⱉ捖ˣ渧 慶悱ˣ⋹⋿悱ˣ冢㜙ⶪˣ攟㾙悱ˣㆸ≇捖ˣ㜙㱛悱ˣ⣒湣慴悱ˣ⣏㬎悱冯⯷㜙䘬 䈉ᷡ悱ˣ㺧ⶆ悱炻ẍᶲ䘬⍇悱⛘⋨⣂䁢⸛⛘⍇ỷ㮹悱炻ᶼ䁢⁛䴙柀➇䭬⚵ˤ晐冢 䀋屯㛔ᷣ佑⊾忚䦳䘬㶙⊾冯℟ⶖ䔘⿏岒䘬⍇ỷ㮹㓧䫾䫱⚈䳈ἧ䃞炻⣏慷䘬⸛⛘⍇

ỷ㮹-ᷣ天㗗 Pangcah/Amis Ṣ-䦣ℍᶱ⣏悥㚫⋨炻᷎⼊ㆸ⎬冒普ᷕ↮ⶫ⋨➇ㆾ䣦⋨

炷悐句炸炻ἳ⤪烉㕘⊿ⶪ䘬㧡㜿ˣ㕘⸿ˣ㯸㬊ˤ姙㛐㞙䫱炷2001炸䳸⎰㔯⊾ㄋ佺冯

⛘䎮↮ⶫˣ怟⽁䘬忶䦳炻㧁娴↢ Pangcah/Amis ⊭㊔烉

1.ч೽ဂȐࠄ༈ߓऍȑǺ޸ጪѱǵཥࠤໂǵტᙦໂǵӓӼໂǵᙦᔭໂǵስ

݅ໂǵӀൺໂᆶᜢξᙼ²⁷Ƕ

2.ύ೽ဂȐذۄ៺ᆶੇ۞ߓऍȑǺስ݅ᙼǵӀൺໂǵᙦᔭໂǵྷᕞໂǵҏ

ٚᙼǵ൤ٚໂǵߏᔭໂǵԋфᙼǶ

3.ࠄ೽ဂȐଭើߓऍᆶࡡࡾߓऍȑǺԋфᙼǵܿݞໂǵԣ΢ໂǵᜢξᙼǵ ജഁໂǵᆵܿѱǵڒࠄໂǵϼഞٚໂǵεݓໂǵأϏໂǵᅈԀໂǶ

湫⭋堃炷2005b炸⇯↿↢烉

1.ࠄ༈ߓऍǺчԾཥࠤໂޑч঵ǴࠄډტᙦྛǴхࡴϞཥࠤໂǵӓӼໂǵ ტᙦໂǵϷ޸ጪѱǵስ݅ᙼ฻Ƕ

2.ذۄ៺ߓऍǺчԾ޸ጪྛЍࢬტᙦྛǴࠄډᠤྛϷᏢҖߕ߈Ƕ೭΋஥ߓ

27 姙㛐㞙⮯斄Ⱉ捖䘬㕘䤷慴↿ℍ⊿悐佌炻Ữ⯙⮎晃䓘慶屯㕁炻㕘䤷慴ⰔἮ冒㕤剙咖䐆䧿䘬ᷕ悐旧

21

ऍ௼Ӣۚذۄ៺ྛϷځЍࢬߕ߈Ǵࡺᆀذۄ៺ߓऍǶ

3.ੇ۞ߓऍǺчவᙦᔭໂǴࠄԿԋфᙼǴӢۚՐӧੇ۞ξેܿୁݮੇǴࡺ

ԖԜӜǶ

4.ڒࠄߓऍǺчԾԋфǴࠄّޕҁྛǴջϞԋфᙼǵܿݞໂϷϼഞٚໂϐ

΋೽ϩǵᆵܿѱϐ΋೽ϩǴӢۚᆵܿڒࠄߕ߈΋஥Ӧ୔ǴࡺᆀڒࠄߓऍǶ

5.ࡡࡾߓऍǺϩթܭԣ΢ໂǵ൤ٚໂǵᜢξᙼǵജഁໂǵڒࠄໂǵϼഞٚ

ໂϷࡡࡾ΋஥ǴӢමۚࡡࡾӦ୔ǴࡺᆀࡡࡾߓऍǶ

ℑṢ䘬↮栆冯↮Ự➢㛔ᶲṵⰔ㖍㱣㗪㛇ẍ⇵䘬Ṣ⎋䦣≽䳸㝄冯⼊ㆸ䘬㔯⊾-⛘

䎮⋨➇佌橼炻䫮侭⺢嬘㛒Ἦ怬⎗⡆≈悥㚫旧伶ᶨ枭ˤ冱↉悥㚫⋨㇨⏰䎦䘬悐句ℵ 忈冯㔯⊾⯽䎦晾Ⱄ䔞ẋね⠫炻Ữṵ⎗夾䁢 Pangcah/Amis 怟⽁-㒜㔋䘬忶䦳炻ᶼ⛐䔞 ẋṢ佌Ṍ㳩ᷳ攳㓦傰䴉ᶳ炻⎬⛘➇佌⛐悥㚫⋨栗䣢⎬䧖㉀堟ˣ∝㕘䘬㔯⊾⼊⺷炻

⎴㗪Ṏᾅ㚱⍇⛘➇佌Ⱄ⿏炻䎦尉㤝䁢墯暄ˤ

6.೿཮ߓऍǺЬा໣ύۚՐܭཥчѱȐᆵчᑜȑǺᐋ݅ǵβࠤǵཥಷǵΟ ៩ǵཥ۫ȐྛԀ/λᅸ዇ȑǵԤЗȐξӀ/޸ܿȑǵ఩Нǵ୷ໜȐΖЁߐȑǹ ᆵчѱǺϣ෫ǹਲ༜ᑜѳᙼǵεྛȐয়ࢭǵSawowacȑǵᓪ዇ǹᆵύѱᙦ চǹଯ໢ѱǺ߻ᙼǵλෝǶ

ಃΟ࿯ ޗ཮่ᄬ

➢㕤㭵䲣⽆⥣⯭䁢⍇⇯䘬奒Ⱄ⇞⹎炷㭵䲣ᶾ䲣佌冯㮷㕷䳬䷼炸冯䓟⿏䘬⛘䶋

⊾㓧㱣䳬䷼-⸜漉昶䳂炻䈡⇍㗗ℑ侭ᷳ攻䘬斄Ὢ㗗Ṣ栆⬠侭攟㛇斄㲐䘬䃎溆ˤ1980

⸜ẋ⼴炻攟㛇娵䁢㗗㭵䲣䣦㚫䘬 Pangcah/Amis炻⛐㛓ㆸ忻䓟䫱Ṣ䘬妶婾ᶳ炻㎜⺽

㜙⋿Ṇ㮹㕷⽿斄㕤⭞⯳䣦㚫炷House society炸䘬䎮婾炻ἧ Pangcah/Amis 䘬䲣⿏⓷ 柴ㆸ䁢Ṣ栆⬠婾㇘䘬嬘柴炻⍵㗈ḮṢ栆⬠䎮婾䘬廱㎃忶䦳炻冯⏰䎦㚜嵐⎹䔞⛘Ṣ

ᷣ奨娖慳䘬⁦⎹ˤ

΋ǵ҆سޗ཮ᆶৎޑ૸ፕ

⛐䇞䲣䇞㪲䣦㚫䁢ᷣ㳩䘬冢䀋䣦㚫ᷕ炻℟㚱⽆⥣⯭ˣ㭵䲣屉䓊两㈧䈡刚䘬 Pangcah/Amis䣦㚫㇒䃞徍䔘㕤㻊Ṣ䣦㚫炻⚈㬌 80 ⸜ẋẍ⇵䘬冢䀋Ṣ栆⬠⭞⣂⋲ὅ

℞奒Ⱄ䎮婾䘬妻䶜⮯ Pangcah/Amis 䣦㚫夾䁢╖䲣两㈧䘬㭵䲣䣦㚫炻ἳ⤪烉∱㔴晬 䫱炷1965炸⮵㕤䥨⥹⵺旧伶䣦㚫䘬䞼䨞ὧ㊯↢烉

᏾ঁߓऍޗ཮ࢂ΋ঁڂࠠޑ҆سޗ཮……ځᝩ༓ݤ߾Ȑrule of descentȑޑ চۈ܄፦ࢂ҆سޑǶдॺޑஆ࠷ࢂаܕᙧஆࣁ҅߾Ǵζ༓܍ৎت༓рᙧǶ ηζޑۚೀݤ߾Ψࢂவ҆ۚՐޑȐmatrilocal residenceȑǴ଄ౢ܍ᝩڋࡋΨ

ࢂ҆ζ܍ᝩޑȐmatrilineal inheritanceȑǴ੝ਸৎޑ౼ޘ៾Ψࢂ҆ζ࣬໺ޑ Ȑ matrilineal succession ȑǶ Ӣ Ԝ д ॺ ᝩ ༓ ݤ ߾ Ѹ ฅ ࢂ ҆ س ᝩ ༓ ޑ Ȑmatrilineal decendanceȑǶȐ∱㔴晬䫱 1965:45ȑ

侴堃よ㜿炷1961炸⇯娵䁢烉

ߓऍ௼ޑ҆سڋࡋӧᅇ௼ޑРسЬကǴᆶ௨᡼ǵᎹഩٿ௼ޑᚈ܄ߏسЬ ကޑᓬ༈ቹៜΠ୲࡭ޑӸុ๱Ǻ᛾ܴѬ٠όࢂ΋ঁচۈޑၸ෠ڋࡋ……

ցᇡ Murdock ޑ܌ᒏଭٰ௰࣒ճѭՋӼȐMolayo-PolynesianȑޑᚈسЬ ကȐbilateralnessȑǶ炷堃よ㜿 1961:25炸

⤪㬌㓗惵Ḯ冢䀋䣦㚫⮵㕤 Pangcah/Amis 䣦㚫䘬娵䞍炻ἧ㕷Ṣ⎹⢾ṳ䳡㗪⼨⼨

忁湤婒ˬךॺߓऍ௼ᆶᅇΓࡐό΋ኬǴҗܭКၨ൧ख़ζ܄Ǵ܌аךॺࢂ҆سޗ཮Ǵ

༰༰ࢂৎߏǴتғࢂܕᙧ຾ٰޑǶ˭炷2006 ⸜炻楔⣒朵䓘慶㖍姀炸⚈侴⛐䔞ẋ⼊ㆸ ᶨᾳ䞃䚦䘬䎦尉烉⭋䧙冒ㆹⰔ㭵䲣两㈧䘬㭵䲣䣦㚫⮎晃ᶲ⮎嶸䘬㗗䇞䲣䘬两▋⇞

⹎冯⨂⦣⯭嗽㧉⺷炻⮵㕤⼴侭ἄ䁢䔞ẋᷣ㳩䘬䎦尉炻姙⣂Ṣ䘬妋慳㗗㻊⊾ㆾ⢾䓴

23

䣦㚫䘬䛤⃱ἧ䃞烉ˬрѐπբ܂ձΓઢǴ܌аׯԋ୾Դஇ຾ٰǶ˭炷⎴ᶲ⺽炸1982

⸜ Levi Strauss ㍸↢⭞⯳䣦㚫炷House society炸᷎⺋㲃忳䓐㕤㜙⋿Ṇ⛘⋨䘬⋿Ⲟ婆 㕷 炷 Austranesian 炸 䞼 䨞 㗪 炻 ㍍ ⍿ 㕘 䎮 婾 ⿅ 㼖 䘬 䞼 䨞 侭 ὧ ⮯ ᷳ 䓐 ẍ 慵 㕘 ⿅ 侫 Pangcah/Amis䘬ˬ㭵䲣˭奨⾝冯⮎晃䣦㚫䎦尉䘬ⶖ䔘ˤ㛓ㆸ忻䓟⛐ 1983 ⸜德忶 1970

⸜ẋ㕤㴟Ⱡ旧伶䘬㮹㕷⽿䞼䨞䴻槿㍸↢岒䔹炻Ṿ娎⚾妋㰢䘬㗗ˬᒿ๱வϻۚஆ࠷

ޑቚуǴ҆سᝩ༓ᗨԖᡂϯǴՠࠅόـख़εޑష໶܈ነᔔ௃ݩౢғ˭炷㛓ㆸ忻䓟 2007[1983]:374炸㬌ᶨ䣦㚫䎦尉䘬䞃䚦ᷳ嗽ˤṾᶵ⏎娵⛐⽆⥣⯭䘬⇵㍸ᶳ炻旧伶䣦 㚫⏰䎦媠⣂㭵䲣䣦㚫䘬䈡岒炻Ữ⎴㗪ḇ娵䁢⇵Ṣ䞼䨞ἳ⤪烉旖㖴扛ˣ堃よ㜿䫱Ṣ 䘬屯㕁ᷕ⏰䎦媠⣂ᶵ⎰᷶㭵䲣䣦㚫怷廗䘬屯㕁炻ἳ⤪烉⛐楔⣒朵㚱役 1/3 䘬⭞㇞㗗 埴⽆⣓⯭䇞䲣两㈧ˤ⇵Ṣ⺽䓐Ⲟⵤ㜙⋿Ṇ⺢㥳䘬 ambil-anak 㧉✳炻⌛⛐仢᷷⤛▋

㈧⭞ᶳ⎗䓙䓟▋㙓ẋ炻娵䁢旧伶䣦㚫⎗怑䓐ᷳ炻Ữ㛓ㆸ娵䁢⛐䴙妰ᶲ冯㮹㕷⽿ᶲ

᷎ᶵ㓗㊩ˤ⚈㬌炻Ṿ㍸↢烉

வϻۚஆ࠷ύֹӄ࣮όـҺՖ҆سޑाન……ࣁՖӧȨ҆سȩՅற೴ᅌ

੃ଏޑၸำύǴس಍ҁي٠҂ـష໶Զૈ࡭ុΠѐǻऩှញᄬԋҡྛȐբ ޣҖഁӦᗺȑᒃ௼໣იޑόࢂ҆سǴԶࢂਥᏵߚൂسচ౛ǴӵԜߡёమ

ཱᇥܴიᡏԋ঩៾٠ߚٰԾ҆سᝩ܍ǴԶࢂ೸ၸрғޑৎٰڗளǶȐ㛓ㆸ 忻䓟 2007[1983]:376ȑ

㎃妨ᷳ炻Ṿ娵䁢旧伶䣦㚫䘬⍇⇯᷎朆ˬ╖䲣˭炻侴䁢ˬ朆╖䲣˭炻德忶冒ㆹ炷Ego炸 䘬↢䓇冯⯭嗽ᷳ⛘⍾⼿两▋炻⌛ẍˬ⭞˭䁢╖ỵ炻劍⽆㭵⯭⇯ẍ㭵䲣妰䬿ˣ⽆䇞

⯭⇯ẍ䇞䲣妰䬿炻忁㧋ẍ⭞䁢䃎溆䘬䞼䨞ḇ⼙枧⇘⼴临冢䀋Ṣ栆⬠侭忳䓐奒栆 炷kindred炸ˣ尉⽝ˣ⮵㕤㭵/⎴傆シ䎮䘬㤪⾝Ἦ䎮妋旧伶Ṣ䘬奒Ⱄ冯䣦㚫ˤ

恋湤炻Ṩ湤㗗 Pangcah/Amis Ṣ㤪⾝ᷕ䘬⭞烎湫⭋堃ẍ⭄䀋旧伶Ṣ䘬㤪⾝㊯

↢烉䆸䀞炷Parod炸ἄ䁢⭞㇞䘬晙╣炻㗗ᶨᾳ⭞䘬ᷕ⽫ˣ䓇䀓崟⯭ᷳ嗽ˤᶨᾳ⭞⽭

暨天ỷṢㇵ㗗塓娵⎗䘬⭞ˤ⛐ᶨᾳ⭞ᷕ㚨䁢慵天䘬㗗 Ina炷㭵炸冯 Mama炷䇞炸炻

⇵侭䁢 Tapang no loma’烉ᶨ⭞ᷳᷣ²⁸烊⼴侭䁢 Misimaway no loma’烉ᶨ⭞ᷳᾅ嬟侭炻 ℑ侭㗗Ḻ墄侴ὅ⬀䘬ˤ忶⍣埴㊃岭⨂炷Mikadafo炸䘬㗪ẋᷕ炻⤛⿏炷Ina炸㗗ᶨᾳ

⭞ᶵ嬲䘬ᷕ⽫炻㊃ℍ䘬䓟⫸䧙䁢 Kadafo炻䣾䇞䳂䘬 Kadafo 塓䧙䁢 Mama no loma 炷ᶨ⭞ᷳ䇞炸侴⁁⍿⮲慵䘬ˤὅ⁛䴙 Kadafo ⛐侩/䕭/㬣⼴暨⚆䓇⭞炻冯⥣⭞㚱

⨂⦣斄Ὢ炻℞⫸⤛䘬埨䶋塓娵䁢Ἦ冒㕤⥣⭞炻䚠⮵⨂ℍᷳ⭞炻⛐ Kadafo 䓇⭞䁢 Faki 炷冭䇞炸䘬幓ấˤFaki ⛐旧伶㕷䘬⭞⹕䓇㳣ᷕ军䁢慵天䘬炻媠⤪屉䓊↮惵ˣ䚋䭉ˣ 䤕䣨䘬ᷣ䤕ˣ奒㕷㚫嬘⎔普Ṣˣ婧 䲦䳃ˣ㮷㕷䘬䘤妨ẋ堐悥㗗䓙Ṿ㑼ảˤ

↮⭞㗗旧伶䣦㚫⎎ᶨᾳ慵天䘬昶㭝炻忁㴱⍲奒Ⱄ佌䘬⺢䩳ˤᶨᾳ⭞Ṣ⎋㻠⡆

⼨⼨⼊ㆸ䓇㳣ᶲ䘬漇演ˤ㛔⭞䧙䁢 Tapang no loma炻↮⭞⇯塓䧙䁢 Ciloma’ayˤ↮

⭞⽭暨⎹ Faki炷冭䇞炸㍸↢天㯪炻⛐㮷㕷冯 Faki Ᾱ䘬䚋䚳ᶳ⸛⛯↮惵ˤ㛔⭞冯↮

⭞ᷳ攻ṵᾅ㊩朆ⷠ⭮↯䘬㖍ⷠḺ≑炻ᶨ凔侴妨炻Ṣ栆⬠⭞娵䁢⋿悐⇯⬀⛐㭵䲣㮷 㕷炻侴⊿悐⇯㚱㭵䲣ᶾ䲣佌ˤ

ࠄ೽ߓऍޑ raruma’an ޑൂՏж߄΋ঁӕՐӦٰྍޑݱՈᒃဂǶМ௼ҁي

ࢂຬ௼ဂޑ……ч೽ߓऍ௼ѝԖаےৎ tatarumah ࣁύЈޑৎسဂǶ炷堃 よ㜿 1961: 7,10ȑ

湫⭋堃ẍ㴟Ⱡ旧伶⭄䀋悐句䘬ἳ⫸㊯↢㮷㕷冯㓭慴㤪⾝䘬斄Ὢ烉

ӕ΋М௼ȐngasawȑޑΓᇡࣁдॺрܭӕ΋Դ઒ےȐccay ho ko kawasȑ……

ە᡼ޑۚ҇Ծவᚆ໒ tatapanganȐࡺٚȑ౽ۚە᡼ਔǴ΋ၰٰޑӕ ngasaw ৎ৥Ǵ܈җձޑӦБόӕਔයٰډޑӕ ngasaw ৎ৥ǴΨ೚ҁٰԖҁৎᆶ ϩৎޑᜢ߯……೭٤ৎ৥ߥӸрܭӕ΋ৎ௼ᇡӕǴख़ཥಔԋဂᡏǴ೭൩

ࢂ ngasawǶ……೭Ψ࣬྽ܭ malininaayǴࢂࡰҗ΋҆ᒃ܌ғΠٰޑࡕж Ȑ湫⭋堃䫱 2002:265ȑ

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25

⛐悥嗕炻Ngasaw ㊯䘬㗗⸜漉昶䳂ᷕ䘬䳂攟炻ṾᾹἧ䓐 Salawinawina炷奒㇂炸 Ἦ娵奒炻䓙⫿朊ᶲ䚳Ụ᷶冯㭵䲣奒䶋斄Ὢ庫㚱斄ˤ

ჴሞၮբޑᒃឦიᡏচҁջࢂ salawinawinaǴԶ pacidalǵpawtawangǵ kakopaȐࡪǴፁຎࣁМ௼-salawinawinaȑѝࢂࡰ೛ӕ΋઒ྍӦޑᜢ߯Ǵ۶ Ԝ໔ޑԋ঩٠όڀԖݤΓიᡏޑᜢ߯ǴӢԜӧᡂᎂޑၸำࣁΓ఩בǶ……

Զ laloma’an ߾ࢂК salawinawina ׳λޑᒃ௼ൂՏǴёаᇥࢂ۳΢ྉٿ жǴۯ՜Πٰޑᒃ௏ǶȐ湫⭋堃䫱 2002:272ȑ

ᾳ橼⛐㭵䲣⽆⥣⯭㱽⇯ᶳ炻冯㭵䲣 Salawinawina 䘬斄Ὢ庫䁢⭮↯炻䇞䲣䘬 Salawinawina 斄Ὢ⇯㗗⺢䩳㕤 Mitoas’ay-Pitoas’ay 斄Ὢᷳᶲ炻Mito’asay 㗗㊯ Faki 䘬⭞炷℞䇞ᷳ⧀⭞炸⮵℞⨂↢⫸⤛䘬䧙␤炻Mito’asay ⛐℞䇞䓇⭞炷Pito’asay炸㚱 叿⤪℞䇞炻⌛ Pito’asay ⭞ᷕ Faki 䘬㪲≃ˤᶨᾳ㰺㚱 Pito’asay 䘬䓟⫸㗗㰺㚱月Ⱉ䘬ˤ

昛㔯⽟炷1987炸⇯ẍ㴟Ⱡ旧伶䘬入㚤䘬ἳ⫸㊯↢炻Ruma’h ᷳ攻䘬斄Ὢ㗗ẍ⭞

攟䁢ᷕ⽫炻埨䶋斄Ὢ崲役Ḻ≽崲⭮↯ˤ侴 Ngasaw炷㮷㕷炸㖊⊭⏓℟㚱㖶䡢䲣嬄斄 Ὢ䘬 Ruma’h 冯 Raruma’an炻ḇ⎗傥㗗⎴ᶨ䣾㸸⛘Ữᶵ⎴䣾⃰䘬佌橼炻⚈㬌⎗德忶 㒔奒䘬⇞⹎⺢㥳ᶨ⣿䲣嬄炻㔜⎰ᶵ⎴埨䶋斄Ὢ䘬Ṣ佌ˤ䓴⭂ᶨᾳṢ㗗Ⱄ㕤⒒ᶨᾳ Raruma’an冯 Ngasaw 㗗㟡㒂℞↢䓇䘬 Ruma’h 侴⭂ˤ⎎ᶨᾳ㤪⾝ Marinina’ay 㚜⏰

䎦檀⹎䘬ⶖ䔘⿏炻忶⍣䘬⬠侭㚦娵䁢㗗暁䲣䤩⨂佌ˣ⊭㊔⨂ℍ侭㌺昌⨂↢侭䘬ᶾ 䲣佌ˣ䲣嬄ᶲ㚱埨䶋斄Ὢ䘬ᶾ䲣佌炻⊭⏓⨂↢侭Ữ㌺昌⨂ℍ侭ˣ埨㕷冯⦣㕷䘬䷥

䧙ˤἄ侭娵䁢℞䓘慶⛘䘬䓐㱽䫱⎴㕤㚨⼴侭炻Ữ㚜⻟婧⨂↢䓟⫸冯℞⥣⭞䘬⫸⤛

⛐ℏˤ

㟡㒂䦣ⶅ⫸ᷳ啷䫱Ṣ炷1935炸⸜䘬䞼䨞炻1930 ⸜ẋṵ㚱 44 ᾳ㮷㕷⬀⛐²⁹炻℞

29 44ᾳ㮷㕷⊭㊔烉PacidalˣCi widianˣRarangesˣSadiponganˣKiwitˣCepo’ˣCi ‘oporanˣ Monari’ˣFasayˣCi ‘okakayˣSapiyatˣConangˣCi katopayˣNalasonganˣNalongalanˣFaliyolˣCi aronganˣMalolangˣKakitoloˣCi aliakofˣKinafokongˣTalakopˣPapiyanˣInatolˣRicohˣ

ᷕ䳽⣏悐↮䘬␥⎵冯℞䘤㸸⛘㚱斄炻⎗夳℞⛘➇⊾㮷㕷䘬䈡刚ˤ侴忁䧖⮵㕤ℙ䣾 崟㸸䘬䧙␤炻Ἦ冒䌱慴䘬⟙⮶Ṣ娵䁢⛐㖍ⷠ䓇㳣䁢Ḯ彐嬀㕡ὧ炻⼨⼨ḇ⎗ẍẍ䎦 ỷ䘬悐句⍾ẋ炻ἳ⤪烉Kolas炷⶙⎵炸 Mayaw炷䇞⎵炸 Pacidal炷㮷㕷⎵炸Ṏ⎗䧙 䁢 Kolas炷⶙⎵炸 Dongi炷⥣⎵炸 Makerong炷悐句⎵炸炻㗗夾Ṍ婯侭傰䴉侴⭂ˤ

ΒǵӦጔϯࡹݯಔᙃ-ԃស໘ભޑ૸ፕ

➢㕤⛘䶋侴Ἦ䘬⸜漉昶䳂ˣ悐句冯➢㕤奒Ⱄ侴Ἦ䘬㭵䲣㮷㕷ˣᶾ䲣佌ˣ⭞ℙ

⎴Ṍ䷼䁢㍊妶 Pangcah/Amis 䣦㚫䳸㥳䘬ℑ枭Ṣ栆⬠慵溆嬘柴炻ẍ⼨⮯ᷳ夾䁢Ḵ⃫

⮵䩳䘬⍇⇯炻役⸜Ἦ晐叿⮵㕤塓䞼䨞侭ᷣ奨䚳㱽䘬慵夾冯㮹㕷⽿䘬䧵䳗炻ˬ㒔奒˭

䘬㤪⾝ḇ塓㎜⺽ℍ忶⍣夾䁢䓟⿏⛘䶋㓧㱣䳬䷼䘬⸜漉昶䳂冯悐句㤪⾝ˤ

悐句䧙䁢 Niyaro炻䁢ᶨᾳ㞝㪬墉䘬Ṣ䘬シ⿅ˤᶨᾳ悐句䘬䳬ㆸ暨天ᶨᾳẍᶲ 䘬㮷㕷炷Ngasaw炸䳬ㆸ炻奒Ⱄ佌橼ᷳ⢾怬天㚱悐句䘬冒㱣䳬䷼炻⌛普橼柀⮶䘬栏

⓷⛀炷Kumon炸冯⁛䴙柀堾炷Tumudˣㆾ Kakitaan炻⛐楔⣒朵䧙䁢 Afudo’ay炸烊侴

⛐ Pangcah/Amis 䘬㓧㱣䓇㳣ᷕ⸜漉昶䳂䁢ᷣ⸡炻柕䚖冯栏⓷悥㗗䓙⸜漉昶䳂䳬 ㆸ炻侴悐句䘬㓧㱣ᷕ⽫⛐倂㚫㇨炷SfiˣTalu’anˣAtawang炸冱埴ˤ堃よ㜿炷1953炸 㚦⮯冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷䘬⸜漉昶䳂⋨↮䁢忂⎵⇞冯⮰⎵⇞ˤPangcah/Amis 䘬⸜漉昶䳂 䁢⮰⎵⇞炻䓙℞⸜漉䳬䘬␥⎵㕡⺷↮䁢⋿⊊✳冯楔嗕✳烉

ଭើԄޑԃស໘ભύǴ؂΋ঁԃសಔ֡ӚԖځ஑ӜǴޔډ೭΋ભϐԋ঩

ֹӄԝΫࡕǴԜભӜջڗ੃Ƕࠄ༈Ԅޑԃស໘ભǴ߾ѝԖ΋ಔӜڋൻᕉ

٬ҔǶȐ堃よ㜿 1953:2-9ȑ

ẍ䷙察䁢ᷕ庠䶂炻崲⼨⊿悐崲ῷ⎹⋿⊊✳䘬⽒䑘⇞炻䳂⎵䘬⎵⹓㗗⚢⭂䘬炻

⽒䑘ᶵ⶚炻ᶳᶨ⯮天忂忶ㆸ⸜䥖侭暨㍃⛐㚨Ỷ昶侭㍍⍿♜㟤妻䶜烊崲⼨⋿⇯⁦⎹

KoralanˣInakawaroˣPicora’ayˣSiracayˣSariyolˣNaparawanˣCi pingiwan ˣFafokodˣ MarongarongˣFiranganˣFafoyolˣTarisakanˣPawtawanˣInaranˣ’OrosˣPa’anifongˣKakopaˣ