• 沒有找到結果。

不同游泳訓練方式對肺活量及閉氣能力的影響

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "不同游泳訓練方式對肺活量及閉氣能力的影響"

Copied!
11
0
0

加載中.... (立即查看全文)

全文

(1)
(2)

壹、前言

一、研究動機

氧氣是人體重要的能量來源,對有氧運動而言,氧氣更是不可或缺的重要元素。而運動 中的呼吸作用就像是發電廠一樣,供給身體所需要的氧氣,幫助體內獲取充足的氧氣以及排 出體內的二氧化碳,近幾年對於運動中的呼吸越來越被重視,有研究指出呼吸肌訓練對於高 強度運動中可能存在著影響運動表現的因素 (Johnson, Aaron, Babcock, & Dempsey, 1996),會 使運動員在運動過程中吸氣及呼氣的效率提升,以提供骨骼肌在運動中所需的能量。

游泳運動可增進心肺耐力(涂清木,2002)、提高身體代謝率(Epstein,Miller, & Scheider, 1974)、肌力與肌耐力(Sander, 1993)、改善身體組成(翁志航,2003;Knecht, 1992)及身體柔 軟度(翁志航,2003;Hoeger, Gibson, Moore, & Hopkins,1993 )。

呼吸肌在游泳上扮演著重要的角色,不論是那種泳姿,腹部的呼吸肌都具有平衡作用, 另外水中的壓力則會造成呼吸的困難 (Wells, Plyley, Thomas, Goodman, & Duffin, 2005),在吸 氣 和 呼氣 時 增加流量的阻 抗 負荷引 起 高流率 , 增進呼吸 肌的收 縮速度 和潮氣量 (tidal volume),加強了肺部呼吸肌群與肺壁的彈性,使的游泳選手在肺活量比其它運動項目選手多 (Sable et al., 2012),而肺活量的多寡也顯著的呈現游泳選手的成就(Gabrilo et al., 2011),其成 效尤其反應在少於 400 米的游泳競賽中(Eilding et al., 2010) ,奧運史上最偉大的運動員飛魚 菲爾普斯即是一例。此外,在以 Powerlung 為訓練器對游泳運動表現的影響結果也顯示,受 試者經過六星期訓練(分成三階段)後,於第二和第三階段訓練後逐漸有顯著差異,結果顯 示呼吸肌訓練能增進游泳表現(Wells et al., 2005)。

(3)
(4)

角處。先測安靜時的胸圍,再測深吸氣時的胸圍,最後測深呼氣時的胸圍。深吸氣與深呼 氣時的胸圍差為呼吸差,可反映呼吸器官的功能,測量方式如下圖 5 所示。

(5)

圖 2︰ 受試者往塑膠袋吹氣。

圖 3︰ 將受試者吹氣之塑膠袋沒入水中,以求得最大肺活量。

(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)

參考文獻

林正常、林貴福、徐臺閣、吳慧君譯(2003)。運動生理學:體適能與運動表現的理論與應用。 臺北市:藝軒。 涂清木(2002)。游泳運動對中老年人血脂肪與體適能之影響。台北市立體育學院運動科學研 究所碩士論文。 郭堉圻、邱琴瑟(2011)。呼吸肌阻力訓練對游泳攝氧量與肺功能表現之影響。運動教練科學學 刊,24,69-80。 郭堉圻、蔣孝珍(2009)。呼吸肌訓練在運動表現上的應用。中華體育,23(3),55-61。 翁志航(2003)。游泳訓練對氣喘兒童體適能、肺功能及呼吸道發炎介質之影響。國立新竹教 育大學進修部體育教學班,碩士論文,未出版。

Courteix, D., Obert, P., Lecoq, A. M., Guenon, P., & Koch, G. (1997). Effect of intensive swimming training on lung volumes, airway resistance and on the maximal expiratory flow-volume relationship in prepubertal girls. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 76, 264-269.

Epstein, M., Miller, M., & Scheider, N. (1974). Depth of immersion as a determinant of the natriuresis of water immersion. Proceedings ofthe Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 146, 562-566.

Gabrilo, G., Peric, M., & Stipic, M. (2011). Pulmonary function in pubertal synchronized swimmers: 1-year follow-up results and its relation to competitive achievement. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 26(1), 39-43.

Griffiths, L. A., & McConnell, A. K.( 2007). The influence of inspiratory and expiratory muscle training upon rowing performance. European Journal of Applied physiology, 99(5), 457-466. Hoeger, W. T., Gibson, J., Moore., & Hopkins, D.(1993). A comparison of selected training

responsed to water aerobics and low impact aerobic dance. National Aquatics Journal, 13-16. Kay, E. (1995). Prevention of middle ear barotrauma . Presented at the 23rd Annual Undersea and

Hyperbaric Medical Society, Pacific Chapter meeting Seattle, WA.

Knecht, S. (1992). Physical and psychological changes accompanying a 10 week aquatic exercise program. AKWA Letter, 5(5), 6.

(11)

time-trial performance and anaerobic work capacity but not critical power. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 101, 761-770.

Johnson, B. D., Aaron, E. A., Babcock, M. A., & Dempsey, J. A. (1996). Respiratory muscle fatigue during exercise: implications for performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28, 1129-1137

Lemaître, F., Joulia, F., & Chollet, D. (2010) Apnea: a new training method in sport? Medical Hypotheses, 74(3), 413-415.

Lemaître, F., Seifert, L., Polin, D., Juge, J., Tourny-Chollet, C., & Chollet, D. (2009). Apnea training effects on swimming coordination. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(6), 1909-14.

Mickleborough, T. D, Stager, J. M., Chatham, K., Lindley, M. R., & Ionescu, A. A. (2008).

Pulmonary adaptations to swim and inspiratory muscle training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 103(6), 635-646.

Pendergast, D. R., & Lundgren, C. E. (2009). The underwater environment: cardiopulmonary, thermal, and energetic demands. Journal of Applied Physiology, 106(1), 276-283.

Sander, M. E. (1993). Selected physiology training adaptations during a water fitness program called wave aerobics. Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno.

Sable, M., Vaidya, S. M., & Sable, S. S. (2012). Comparative study of lung functions in swimmers and runners. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 56(1), 100-104.

參考文獻

相關文件

Teachers may encourage students to approach the poem as an unseen text to practise the steps of analysis and annotation, instead of relying on secondary

The Government also established the Task Force on Promotion of Vocational and Professional Education and Training in April 2018 to evaluate the implementation

簡報 6(活動三) 尊重

Basing on the observation and assessment results, this study analyzes and discusses the effects and problems of learning the polynomial derivatives on different level students

Through training in coaching, and integrating the foundation knowledge and skills to design and implement an exercise and fitness training activity, this course not only

Survey on Opinions of Employers on Major Aspects of Performance of Publicly-funded Sub-degree Graduates in Year 2003... Introduction and

Feedback from the establishment survey on business environment, manpower requirement and training needs in respect of establishments primarily engaged in the provision of

To improve the operating performance, the companies should pay attention to critical success factors of “support and participation of employees”, “employee training and