Extending the Technology Acceptance Model for Office Workers Social Networks during Cyberloafing
余政隆、李德治
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of Social Networking Sites (SNS) is to build the Internet social networkingfor a group of people who have the same interests and activities. The function of SNS is to provide a platform of communicating and interacting for the users. In recent years, because of the popularity of Facebaook and Line, SNS have become the mainstream in the Internet. Currently, visiting SNS is one of the most popular Internet activities in the world. Under this situation, many researchers gradually pay attention to exploring people’s behaviors of using SNS to do cyberloafing during their work time. In the earlier research, it was widely assumed that the behavior of cyberloafing during the work time wasted time and resources. It also lowered the productivity and effectiveness in an organization. As a result, the earlier researches put more emphasis on how the organization’s employers could prevent their employees from cyberloafing during the work time. However, the findings of research in recent years found that appropriate cyberloafing can help ease the employees’ stress and then further help improve the effectiveness. Therefore, this study explored people’s behaviors of using SNS in cyberloafing during the work time by using TAM model and adding the two external variables:
perceived convenience, and perceived enjoyment. This study adopted two methods to collect research samples: online questionnaires and printed questionnaires. The valid samples in this study were 336. In this study, the research method for data analysis was employing the softwares of SPSS and AMOS to process the descriptive statistical analysis, the analysis of reliability and validity, and the analysis of structure programming model. After the empirical research analysis, the findings of this study are as follows: 1. The positive influence of perceived ease of use affects the perceived enjoyment, the perceived convenience and the attitudes of using SNS.
2. The positive influence of perceived convenience affects the perceived usefulness. 3. The positive influence of perceived enjoyment affects the perceived usefulness. 4. The positive influence of perceived usefulness affects the attitudes of using SNS. 5. The positive influence of the attitudes of using SNS affects the willingness of using SNS.
Keywords : Cyberloafing、TAM、Perceived convenience、Perceived enjoyment、socialnetworking Table of Contents
內容目錄 中文摘要………..………….iii 英文摘要………
…...………....iv 內容目錄……….…..…vi 圖目錄 ………
………..….viii 表目錄 ……….ix 第一章緒論 第一節研究背 景與動機...1 第二節研究目的...3 第二 章文獻探討 第一節科技接受模式之理論與研究...5 第二節擴充的科技接受模式及外部變
數...11 第三節社群網站的由來與現況...17 第四節網上閒 逛...21 第三章研究方法 第一節研究架
構...26 第二節定義變數與研究假設...27 第三 節問卷設計...29 第四節研究對象與抽樣方
式...38 第四章研究結果與資料分析 第一節樣本基本資料及社群網路使用行為分
析...39 第二節信度與效度分析...46 第三節結構方程模型分析與研究假 設驗證結果...58 第四節調節變數對各構面之調節效果分析...64 第五章結論與建議 第一節 研究結論...67 第二節研究建議...69 第三節研究限制...70 第四節後續研究建
議...71 參考文獻...74 附錄A 上 班族對於在社群網路網上閒逛之影響因素調查正式問 卷...85 一、中文部 分 李德治、童惠玲(2009）。《多變量分析：專題及論文常用統計方法》。台北：雙葉書廊有限公司。 李淩斌（2007）。
職場偏差行為與職場友誼關係之研究。臺中科技大學事業經營研究所學位論文。 何俊隆（2010）。運用網路社群進行口碑 傳播接受程度之研究-以Facebook使用者為例。淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班碩士論文。 吳佩芳(2003) 。管理才 能、工作動機與工作績效、部門績效關係之研究。國立中央大學人力資源管理研究碩士論文。 吳雅嵐（2011）。大學生使 用圖書館電子書影響因素之研究。國立中興大學圖書資訊學研究所碩士學位論文。 吳錦波、林佳蓉（2008）。使用者接受
商業智慧系統之研究，電子商務研究期刊。 邱皓政(2010）。《量化研究與統計分析：SPSS(PASW)資料分析範例解析》。
台北：五南圖書出版股份有限公司。 林以正、王澄華、吳佳煇（2004）。網路人際互動特質與依戀型態對網路成癮的影響
。中華心理學刊 民94，47 卷，3期，289-309 。 林志偉（2008）。影響消費者對使用網路銀行關鍵因素之研究。淡江大學 資訊管理學系碩士班碩士論文。 林盈廷（2011）。社交網路遊戲對使用者，社會網絡及線上人際互動之影響－以Facebook 為例。國立交通大學理學院科技與數位學習學程碩士論文。 孫昊（2009）。口碑傳播應用於即時通訊系統接受程度之研 究-以MSN使用者為例。淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班碩士論文。 張昆鉅（2012）。以習慣與科技接受模式探 討網頁信箱的使用。真理大學資訊應用學系碩士論文。 張春興 (1993) 。《現代心理學》。台北：東華書局股份有限公司。
張郁萍（2007）。影響消費者使用電子書閱讀器採納意願之研究。國立中央大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文 張華季（2007）
。組織中即時通訊與工作行為：社會資本的中介效果。中原大學心理學系碩士學位論文。 湯凱雯（2010）。從台灣高等教 育學生使用網路教學系統的意圖與學習成效探討最佳系統設計策略。國立台南大學數位科技學系碩士論文。 黃怡禎（2006
）。組織中的雇用關係與職場偏差行為：員工犬儒主義的中介角色及誠信性格的調節效果。中原大學心理學系碩士學位論 文。 黃秋敏（2011）。「雲端人力資源管理資訊系統(WebHR)」使用者接受度之研究—以新北市為例。銘傳大學公共事務 學系碩士在職專班學位論文。 黃雅慧（2003）。教師資訊素養對學習成效之影響探討。南華大學社會研究所碩士論文。
廖珊妮(2008) 。影響廣告主使用關鍵字廣告因素之研究。銘傳大學傳播管理研究所在職專班碩士學位論文。 劉書蘭(2002)
。消費者採用行動商務之行為研究-以行動銀行為例。雲林科技大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。 賴郁淇(2008) 。探討 Podcasting 採用因素與使用行為之研究。國立政治大學廣播電視研究所碩士論文。 鐘永成(2011）。探討國中生用即時通訊 之行為意向與使用行為。國立雲林科技大學資訊管理所碩士論文。 二、英文部分 Ajzen,I.& Fishbein M.(1980).
Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Ajzen,I.（1985）”From Intentions to Actions:A Theory of Planned Behavior”, In J. Kuhi & J. Beckmann, Eds.,Action-control:From Cognition to Behavior
,Heidelberg:Springer,11-39. Ajzen,I.(1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes, 50, 179-211. Bandura, A.(1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice Hall. Bandura, A.(1988). Organizational Application of Social Cognitive Theory. Australian Journal of Management, 13(2), 275-302. Bandura, A.(1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44, 1175-1184. Blanchard, A. L., &
Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing:The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior,24, 1067–1084. Boyd,D.M.,& Ellison,N.B.(2008).Social network sites:Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication,13(1), 210-230. Chen,D.J.Q & Lim,V.K.G.(2011) Impact of Cyberloafing on Psychological Engagement.Academy of Management Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA ,Aug, 2011. Chen, J. V., Chen, C. C., & Yang, H.
(2008). An empirical evaluation of key factors contributing to internet abuse in the workplace. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 108, 87–106. Chieh-Peng Lin ＆ BHATTACHERJEE ANOL（2008）. Learning Online Social Support: An
Investigation of Network Information Technology Based on UTAUT. CyberPsychology ＆ Behavior Volume 11, Number 3, 2008.
Compearu, D.R. and Higgins, C.A.(1995a) "Application of Social Cognitive Theory to Training for Computer Skills," Information Systems Research (6:2) , pp.118-143. Constant D.Beugre, Daeryong Kim（2006）.Cyberloafing: Vice or Virtue? Delaware State University,School of Management,1200N.Dupont Hwy,Dover,DE 19901, P302-857-6926. Davis, F.D., (1986) A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information system: theory and results. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT Sloan School of management, Cambridge, MA. Davis F.D.,（1989）”Perceived Usefulness,Perceived Ease of Use,and User Acceptance of Information Technology”,MIS Quarterly,13(3),319-340. Davis F.D., Bagozzi R.P., & Warshaw P.R.,（1992） ”Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation to Use computers in the Workplace” , Journalof Applied Social Psychology,22(14),1111-1132. Everett M.Rogers (1983) Diffusion of Innovations．New York ：The Free Press. Everett M.Rogers (1995) Diffusion of Innovations. 4thed.
New York: Free Press. Fishbein M.& Ajzen I.(1975)”Belief,Attiude,Intention and Behavior :An Introduction to Theory and Research”,Reading,MA:Addison-Wesley. Herbert, T.T. (1976). Dimensions of organizational behavior, New York: Collier Macmillan. Hsiu-Yuan Wang & Shwu-Huey Wang（2010）. User Acceptance of Mobile Internet Ba sed on THE UNIFIED THEORY OF ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF TECHNOLOGY: Investigating the Determinants and Gender Differences. Social Behavior and Personality, 2010, 38(3), 415-426. John E.Anderson、Paul H.Schwager、Richard L.Kerns（2006）. The Dr iver s for Acceptance of Tablet PCs by Faculty in a College of Business. Journal of Information Systems Education, Vol. 17(4). Liberman, B. E., Seidman, G., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Buffardi, L. E. (2011). Employee job attitudes and organizational characteristics as predictors of cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2192-2199. Lim, V. K. G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job:
Cyberloafing, neutralizing andorganizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 675–694. Lim,V.K.G.,&
Teo,T.(2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore: An exploratory study.Information and Management,42,1081–1093. Moore, G. C. and I. Benbasat ‘Development of an instrument to measure the perceptions of adopting an information technology innovation’ Information Systems Research Vol 2 No 3 (1991) pp 173-191.
Naughton, K., Raymond, J., & Shulman, K. (1999). Cyberslacking. Newsweek, 134,62–65. Owens, R.G. (1991). Organizational Behavior in Education. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Parker,S.K. （2001）“ Future work design research and practice: Towards an elaborated model of work design,”Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 74, pp.413-440. Prisca Tibenderana,
Patrick Ogao, J.Ikoja-Odongo＆James Wokadala（2010）.Measuring Levels of End-Users’Acceptance and Use of Hybrid Library Services. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2010, Vol.6. Rheingold,H.(2000). The virtual community: Homesteading on the electronic frontier. The MIT Press.
Rogers, E. M. (1983), Diffusions of innovations. 3rd ed., New York: The Free Press. Rogers, E. M.(1995), Diffusions of Innovations, 4th ed., New York: Free Press. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-67. Sanjeev Aggarwal、Laurie McCabe、Brent Leary、Arjun Aggarwal
（2012）.2012 Impact of Social Business in Small and Medium Business Study. Sarah-Jane Saravani(2011). The Mobile Library and Staff Preparedness: Exploring Staff Competencies Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model.
Australian Academic & Research Libraries September 2011. Scheuermann, L. S., & Langford, H. P. (1997). Perceptions of Internet abuse, liability,and fair use. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85,847–850. Sipior, J. C., & Ward, B. T. (2002). A strategic response to the broad spectrum of Internet abuse. Information Systems Management, 19, 71– 79. Stewart, F. (2000). Internet acceptable use policies: Navigating the management,legal, and technical issues. Security Management,9,46– 52. Taylor, S., & Todd, P.（1995）.
Understanding household garbage reduction behavior: A test of an integrated model. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 14(2), 1-28. Triandis, H. C.,(1997) Interpersonal Behavior, Brooke/ Cole, Monterey, CA. Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advance in experimental social psychology (pp. 271-360). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Venkatesh,V. & Morris, M.G.(2000) “Why Don’t Men Ever Stop to Ask For Directions? Gender, Social Influence, and Their Role in Technology Acceptance and Usage Behavior,” MIS Quarterly,24, 2000,115-139. Venkatesh,V.
& Davis F. D.,2000,”A theoretical extension of the technology Acceptance model:Four longitudinal studies”,Management Science, 46(2),186-204. Venkatesh,V., Morris, M.G., Davis G. B. and Davis F. D., (2003) .User Acceptance of Information
Technology: toward a Unified View, MIS Quarterly Vol. 27, 2003, pp. 425-478. Venkatesh,V.,James Y.L.Thong & Xin Xu（2012
）. Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of
Technology. MIS Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 157-178, 2012 Weatherbee, T. G. (2010). Counterproductive use of technology at work:Information & communications technologies and cyberdeviancy. Human Resource Management Review, 20, 35–44.
Wellman,B.,& Gulia,M.(1999).Net Surfers Don't Ride Alone: Virtual Communities as Communities. Networks in the global village, 331-366. Wellman,B.(2001). Physical place and cyberplace: The rise of personalized networking. International journal of urban and regional research, 25(2), 227-252. Wu,Mei-Ying & Yu,Pei-Yuan & Weng,Yung-Chien（2012）”A Study on User Behavior for I Pass by UTAUT: Using Taiwan's MRT as an Example” Asia Pacific Management Review. Yi-Shun Wang、Ming-Cheng Wu &
Hsiu-Yuan Wang（2007）. Investigating the Determinants and Age and Gender Differences in the Acceptance of Mobile Learning.
British Journal of Educational Technology Vol 40 No 1 2009 92–118. 三、網站資料 comScore.“It’s a Social World: Social Networking Leads as Top Online Activity Globally, Accounting for 1 in Every 5 Online Minutes.” ( 21 DECEMBER ,2011) 香港 矽谷網站.“全球社交網站排名:Facebook第一 QQ空間第五” 數位時代網站.“2013年台灣100大網站”
moneysupermarket.com.“wilfing，what was I looking for網路活動調查” Websense.com.“SIOP Member’s Research Shows Not All Web Activity at Work Is Detrimental By Stephany Schings, Communications Specialist” 大紀元網站.“上班上網閒逛 英 國損失慘重” (2009.10.27) 先驅報網.“上網閒逛有助提高工作效率” < http://goo.gl/lBtb9>(2011.9.9) 台灣網路資訊中心.
“2010年台灣寬頻網路使用調查報告之電訪問卷中與網路使用狀況” (2010.1月) REFERENCES
一、中文部分 李德治、童惠玲(2009）。《多變量分析:專題及論文常用統計方法》。台北:雙葉書廊有限公司。 李淩斌（2007）。職場 偏差行為與職場友誼關係之研究。臺中科技大學事業經營研究所學位論文。 何俊隆（2010）。運用網路社群進行口碑傳播接受程度之 研究-以Facebook使用者為例。淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班碩士論文。 吳佩芳(2003) 。管理才能、工作動機與工作績效、部 門績效關係之研究。國立中央大學人力資源管理研究碩士論文。 吳雅嵐（2011）。大學生使用圖書館電子書影響因素之研究。國立中 興大學圖書資訊學研究所碩士學位論文。 吳錦波、林佳蓉（2008）。使用者接受商業智慧系統之研究，電子商務研究期刊。 邱皓 政(2010）。《量化研究與統計分析:SPSS(PASW)資料分析範例解析》。台北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。 林以正、王澄華、吳佳煇
（2004）。網路人際互動特質與依戀型態對網路成癮的影響。中華心理學刊 民94，47 卷，3期，289-309 。 林志偉（2008）。影響消費 者對使用網路銀行關鍵因素之研究。淡江大學資訊管理學系碩士班碩士論文。 林盈廷（2011）。社交網路遊戲對使用者，社會網絡及 線上人際互動之影響－以Facebook為例。國立交通大學理學院科技與數位學習學程碩士論文。 孫昊（2009）。口碑傳播應用於即時通訊 系統接受程度之研究-以MSN使用者為例。淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班碩士論文。 張昆鉅（2012）。以習慣與科技接受模 式探討網頁信箱的使用。真理大學資訊應用學系碩士論文。 張春興 (1993) 。《現代心理學》。台北:東華書局股份有限公司。 張郁萍
（2007）。影響消費者使用電子書閱讀器採納意願之研究。國立中央大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文 張華季（2007）。組織中即時通訊 與工作行為:社會資本的中介效果。中原大學心理學系碩士學位論文。 湯凱雯（2010）。從台灣高等教育學生使用網路教學系統的意圖 與學習成效探討最佳系統設計策略。國立台南大學數位科技學系碩士論文。 黃怡禎（2006）。組織中的雇用關係與職場偏差行為:員工 犬儒主義的中介角色及誠信性格的調節效果。中原大學心理學系碩士學位論文。 黃秋敏（2011）。「雲端人力資源管理資訊系
統(WebHR)」使用者接受度之研究—以新北市為例。銘傳大學公共事務學系碩士在職專班學位論文。 黃雅慧（2003）。教師資訊素養對 學習成效之影響探討。南華大學社會研究所碩士論文。 廖珊妮(2008) 。影響廣告主使用關鍵字廣告因素之研究。銘傳大學傳播管理研究 所在職專班碩士學位論文。 劉書蘭(2002) 。消費者採用行動商務之行為研究-以行動銀行為例。雲林科技大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文
。 賴郁淇(2008) 。探討 Podcasting 採用因素與使用行為之研究。國立政治大學廣播電視研究所碩士論文。 鐘永成(2011）。探討國中生 用即時通訊之行為意向與使用行為。國立雲林科技大學資訊管理所碩士論文。 二、英文部分 Ajzen,I.& Fishbein M.(1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Ajzen,I.（1985）”From Intentions to Actions:A Theory of Planned Behavior”, In J. Kuhi & J. Beckmann, Eds.,Action-control:From Cognition to Behavior ,Heidelberg:Springer,11-39. Ajzen,I.(1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211. Bandura, A.(1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Bandura, A.(1988). Organizational Application of Social Cognitive Theory.
Australian Journal of Management, 13(2), 275-302. Bandura, A.(1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44, 1175-1184. Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing:The role of norms and external locus of control.
Computers in Human Behavior,24, 1067–1084. Boyd,D.M.,& Ellison,N.B.(2008).Social network sites:Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication,13(1), 210-230. Chen,D.J.Q & Lim,V.K.G.(2011) Impact of Cyberloafing on Psychological
Engagement.Academy of Management Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA ,Aug, 2011. Chen, J. V., Chen, C. C., & Yang, H. (2008). An empirical evaluation of key factors contributing to internet abuse in the workplace. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 108, 87–106. Chieh-Peng Lin
＆ BHATTACHERJEE ANOL（2008）. Learning Online Social Support: An Investigation of Network Information Technology Based on UTAUT. CyberPsychology ＆ Behavior Volume 11, Number 3, 2008. Compearu, D.R. and Higgins, C.A.(1995a) "Application of Social Cognitive Theory to Training for Computer Skills," Information Systems Research (6:2) , pp.118-143. Constant D.Beugre, Daeryong Kim（2006
）.Cyberloafing: Vice or Virtue? Delaware State University,School of Management,1200N.Dupont Hwy,Dover,DE 19901, P302-857-6926. Davis, F.D., (1986) A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information system: theory and results. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT Sloan School of management, Cambridge, MA. Davis F.D.,（1989）”Perceived Usefulness,Perceived Ease of Use,and User Acceptance of Information Technology”,MIS Quarterly,13(3),319-340. Davis F.D., Bagozzi R.P., & Warshaw P.R.,（1992） ”Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation to Use computers in the Workplace” , Journalof Applied Social Psychology,22(14),1111-1132. Everett M.Rogers (1983) Diffusion of Innovations．New York :The Free Press. Everett M.Rogers (1995) Diffusion of Innovations. 4thed. New York: Free Press. Fishbein M.& Ajzen I.(1975)”Belief,Attiude,Intention and Behavior :An Introduction to Theory and Research”,Reading,MA:Addison-Wesley. Herbert, T.T. (1976).
Dimensions of organizational behavior, New York: Collier Macmillan. Hsiu-Yuan Wang & Shwu-Huey Wang（2010）. User Acceptance of Mobile Internet Ba sed on THE UNIFIED THEORY OF ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF TECHNOLOGY: Investigating the Determinants and Gender Differences. Social Behavior and Personality, 2010, 38(3), 415-426. John E.Anderson、Paul H.Schwager、Richard L.Kerns（2006）.
The Dr iver s for Acceptance of Tablet PCs by Faculty in a College of Business. Journal of Information Systems Education, Vol. 17(4). Liberman, B. E., Seidman, G., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Buffardi, L. E. (2011). Employee job attitudes and organizational characteristics as predictors of cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2192-2199. Lim, V. K. G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing andorganizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 675–694. Lim,V.K.G.,& Teo,T.(2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore: An exploratory study.Information and Management,42,1081–1093. Moore, G. C. and I.
Benbasat ‘Development of an instrument to measure the perceptions of adopting an information technology innovation’ Information Systems Research Vol 2 No 3 (1991) pp 173-191. Naughton, K., Raymond, J., & Shulman, K. (1999). Cyberslacking. Newsweek, 134,62–65. Owens, R.G.
(1991). Organizational Behavior in Education. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Parker,S.K. （2001）“ Future work design research and practice:
Towards an elaborated model of work design,”Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 74, pp.413-440. Prisca Tibenderana, Patrick Ogao, J.Ikoja-Odongo＆James Wokadala（2010）.Measuring Levels of End-Users’Acceptance and Use of Hybrid Library Services.
International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2010, Vol.6.
Rheingold,H.(2000). The virtual community: Homesteading on the electronic frontier. The MIT Press. Rogers, E. M. (1983), Diffusions of innovations. 3rd ed., New York: The Free Press. Rogers, E. M.(1995), Diffusions of Innovations, 4th ed., New York: Free Press. Ryan, R. M., &
Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-67.
Sanjeev Aggarwal、Laurie McCabe、Brent Leary、Arjun Aggarwal（2012）.2012 Impact of Social Business in Small and Medium Business Study. Sarah-Jane Saravani(2011). The Mobile Library and Staff Preparedness: Exploring Staff Competencies Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model. Australian Academic & Research Libraries September 2011. Scheuermann, L. S., & Langford, H. P.
(1997). Perceptions of Internet abuse, liability,and fair use. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85,847–850. Sipior, J. C., & Ward, B. T. (2002). A strategic response to the broad spectrum of Internet abuse. Information Systems Management, 19, 71– 79. Stewart, F. (2000). Internet acceptable use policies: Navigating the management,legal, and technical issues. Security Management,9,46– 52. Taylor, S., & Todd, P.（1995）.
Understanding household garbage reduction behavior: A test of an integrated model. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 14(2), 1-28. Triandis, H. C.,(1997) Interpersonal Behavior, Brooke/ Cole, Monterey, CA. Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advance in experimental social psychology (pp. 271-360). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Venkatesh,V. &
Morris, M.G.(2000) “Why Don’t Men Ever Stop to Ask For Directions? Gender, Social Influence, and Their Role in Technology Acceptance and Usage Behavior,” MIS Quarterly,24, 2000,115-139. Venkatesh,V. & Davis F. D.,2000,”A theoretical extension of the technology
Acceptance model:Four longitudinal studies”,Management Science, 46(2),186-204. Venkatesh,V., Morris, M.G., Davis G. B. and Davis F. D., (2003) .User Acceptance of Information Technology: toward a Unified View, MIS Quarterly Vol. 27, 2003, pp. 425-478. Venkatesh,V.,James Y.L.Thong & Xin Xu（2012）. Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. MIS Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 157-178, 2012 Weatherbee, T. G. (2010). Counterproductive use of technology at work:Information & communications technologies and cyberdeviancy. Human Resource Management Review, 20, 35–44. Wellman,B.,&
Gulia,M.(1999).Net Surfers Don't Ride Alone: Virtual Communities as Communities. Networks in the global village, 331-366. Wellman,B.(2001).
Physical place and cyberplace: The rise of personalized networking. International journal of urban and regional research, 25(2), 227-252.
Wu,Mei-Ying & Yu,Pei-Yuan & Weng,Yung-Chien（2012）”A Study on User Behavior for I Pass by UTAUT: Using Taiwan's MRT as an Example” Asia Pacific Management Review. Yi-Shun Wang、Ming-Cheng Wu & Hsiu-Yuan Wang（2007）. Investigating the Determinants and Age and Gender Differences in the Acceptance of Mobile Learning. British Journal of Educational Technology Vol 40 No 1 2009 92–118. 三
、網站資料 comScore.“It’s a Social World: Social Networking Leads as Top Online Activity Globally, Accounting for 1 in Every 5 Online Minutes.” ( 21 DECEMBER ,2011) 香港矽谷網站.“全球社交網站排名:Facebook第一 QQ空間第五” 數位時代網站.“2013年台灣100大 網站” moneysupermarket.com.“wilfing，what was I looking for網路活動調查” Websense.com.“SIOP Member’s Research Shows Not All Web Activity at Work Is Detrimental By Stephany Schings, Communications Specialist” 大紀元網站.“上班上網閒逛 英國損失慘重”
(2009.10.27) 先驅報網.“上網閒逛有助提高工作效率” < http://goo.gl/lBtb9>(2011.9.9) 台灣網路資訊中心.“2010年台灣寬頻網路使用調 查報告之電訪問卷中與網路使用狀況” (2010.1月) 推文網路書籤推薦評分引用網址轉寄
